Tumbler MO: Innovated Water Tumbler Treated With Moringa Oleifera For Safe Water Consumption

Tumbler MO: Innovated Water Tumbler Treated With Moringa oleifera for
Safe Water Consumption

Summary
The scarcity of potable water is one of the issues affecting the global
population due to the massive effects of water pollution. A lot of Filipinos
suffer from sanitation-related diseases because of the lack of access to
improved, safe and sustainable water sources.
The Project Tumbler MO (Moringa Oleifera) will provide a convenient
water filtration system for drinkable water sources. The Tumbler MO filter is
comprised of 4 layers: membrane filters (to remove bigger particles), activated
charcoal (to trap pollutant molecules), dried pulverized Moringa oleifera seeds
that will act as coagulant and another layer of membrane filters to ensure the
potability of water. The samples will be subjected to conductivity, pH
measurement and coliform count.
The product is expected to provide an on-the-go filtration system
especially for those who lack access to safe water sources.

Background and Problem
Water pollution is one of the social issues affecting global population.
World Health Organization stated that at least 2 billion people use a drinking
water source contaminated with feces. WHO also recorded a number of 785
million people who lack a basic drinking-water service with 144 million of
them depending on surface water. Nine million Filipinos depend on
unimproved, unsafe and unsustainable water sources and 19 million lack
access to improved sanitation as mentioned by water.org. Families who lack
access to potable water are prone to sanitation-related diseases and 1000
children die daily due to these diseases.
Tumbler MO acts as a convenient way of water filtration to ensure a
supply of potable water. The product will filter pollutants through the use of
pulverized Moringa oleifera dried seeds to reduce coliform count of water and
activated charcoal for adsorption. The processes involved in filtration are
percolation and adsorption. The product’s filter compartment mimics the slow
passing through of liquid through a filter which is known as percolation. The
use of a bed of activated carbon to remove contaminants and impurities is
called carbon filtering using chemical adsorption. The membrane filters will
act as the initial filtration stage.
The product is expected to lower the rate of people depending on
contaminated drinking water sources by providing a safe and convenient way
of filtering water sources to make it potable. It is expected to benefit families
who lack access to potable water especially those living in marginalized
sectors of the society.

Proposed Solution to the Problem Presented
Tumbler MO is an innovated water tumbler that provides convenient
filtering system to make water potable. It is comprised of 4 stages of filtration:
Figure 1. Model of the Filtration System
Filter membrane
Activated Charcoal
Pulverized Moringa oleifera
Filter membrane
1. Membrane Filter
a. It is a microporous plastic films that retain particles larger
than their pore size.
2. Pulverized Moringa oleifera Seeds
a. Sahile, et.al stated in their study, Water Purification and
Antibacterial Efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam, stated that
the seed powder exhibits a reduction in turbidity and
coliform count of the water samples which makes it a good
source for water purification.
3. Activated Carbon
a. It works via a process known as adsorption whereby
pollutant molecules in the fluid are trapped inside the pore
structure of the carbon substrate.

4. Membrane Filter
a. To ensure that the water is free from impurities of bigger
size, both ends of the filtration system are covered with
membrane filters.
Methods
This research employs Complete Randomized Design which is the
simplest design for comparative experiments, as it uses only two basic
principles of experimental designs: randomization and replication as defined
by Salkind (2010).
Membrane Filter
Filters with pore size of 0.22 µm, a thickness of 90-100 um, diameter of
47 mm and a flow rate of ≥3mL/min/cm2 @1 bar will be availed.
Pulverized Dried Moringa oleifera seeds
The seeds will be obtained when fully matured. The plucked pods will
be cracked to obtain the seeds which will be air-dried for days at 40°C. The
shells will then be removed using knife and will be pounded using laboratory
mortar and pestles into powder. The powder will then be sieved using a
strainer with a pore size of 2.5 mm to obtain fine powder. It will be inserted
in a tea bag inside the filter compartment. This will serve as coagulant of the
system.
Activated Carbon
Powdered activated carbon will be used to remove contaminants. The
powdered substance will then be inserted in a tea bag that is found in second
layer of the filter compartment.
Laboratory Analyses
The samples will be tested in terms of pH, conductivity, and total
coliforms count measurements.
pH Measurement
The use of calibrated Crison pH meter Basic C20 will be used for pH
level.
Conductivity Measurement
The samples used in pH measurement will be subjected to conductivity
test using a calibrated Crison Conductimeter Basic C30.
Total coliform using most probable number (MPN) procedure
The multiple tube fermentation method will be used. Lactose broth will
be used as the medium for bacteria growth. Alazin Red will be measured and
added to the solution.
Data Analysis
Analysis of Variance will be conducted to assess whether significant variations
exist among treatments given to assess their effectiveness. The data collected
in conductivity measurement will be transformed into log values before
analysis.
Table 1. Estimated Cost of Materials
Estimated Cost
Quantity Total (PhP)

Cost
Material
(PhP)
1 30
Container 30.00
1 13/g
Activated Charcoal
250/ 1kg
(50 g)
2 10
Membrane Filter 5 / piece
2 2
Tea Bag 176/ 500 pieces
1 50
Cylindrical Strainer 50/piece
Total: PhP 105.00

References
Ashenafi Delelegn, S. S. (2018, march 25). Water purification and antibacterial
efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam. Retrieved from BioMedCentral:
https://agricultureandfoodsecurity.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.11
86/s40066-018-0177-1
Francis Kweku Amagloh, A. B. (2009, January 19). Effectiveness of Moringa
oleifera seed as coagulant for water purification. Retrieved from
researchgate.net:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224775430_Effectiveness_
of_Moringa_oleifera_seed_as_coagulant_for_water_purification
Helmenstine, A. M. (2019, August 7). What Adsorption Means in Chemistry.
Retrieved from ThoughtCo.: https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-
adsorption-605820
Organization, W. H. (2019, June 19). Drinking-Water. Retrieved from WHO:
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/drinking-water
Salkind, N. J. (2010). Completely Randomized Design . Retrieved from
methods.sagepub.com:https://methods.sagepub.com/reference/ency
c-of-research-design/n64.xml
water org. (2019). Philippines' water and sanitation crisis.

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Tumbler MO: Innovated Water Tumbler Treated With Moringa oleifera for

Safe Water Consumption

population due to the massive effects of water pollution. A lot of Filipinos

suffer from sanitation-related diseases because of the lack of access to

improved, safe and sustainable water sources.

The Project Tumbler MO (Moringa Oleifera) will provide a convenient

comprised of 4 layers: membrane filters (to remove bigger particles), activated

potability of water. The samples will be subjected to conductivity, pH

measurement and coliform count.

The product is expected to provide an on-the-go filtration system

especially for those who lack access to safe water sources.

Water pollution is one of the social issues affecting global population.

them depending on surface water. Nine million Filipinos depend on

unimproved, unsafe and unsustainable water sources and 19 million lack

access to improved sanitation as mentioned by water.org. Families who lack

access to potable water are prone to sanitation-related diseases and 1000

children die daily due to these diseases.

Tumbler MO acts as a convenient way of water filtration to ensure a

activated charcoal for adsorption. The processes involved in filtration are

passing through of liquid through a filter which is known as percolation. The

use of a bed of activated carbon to remove contaminants and impurities is

act as the initial filtration stage.

The product is expected to lower the rate of people depending on

contaminated drinking water sources by providing a safe and convenient way

of filtering water sources to make it potable. It is expected to benefit families

who lack access to potable water especially those living in marginalized

sectors of the society.

Tumbler MO is an innovated water tumbler that provides convenient

filtering system to make water potable. It is comprised of 4 stages of filtration:

Figure 1. Model of the Filtration System

Pulverized Moringa oleifera

a. It is a microporous plastic films that retain particles larger

than their pore size.

2. Pulverized Moringa oleifera Seeds

a. Sahile, et.al stated in their study, Water Purification and

Antibacterial Efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam, stated that

the seed powder exhibits a reduction in turbidity and

coliform count of the water samples which makes it a good

source for water purification.

a. It works via a process known as adsorption whereby

pollutant molecules in the fluid are trapped inside the pore

structure of the carbon substrate.

a. To ensure that the water is free from impurities of bigger

size, both ends of the filtration system are covered with

This research employs Complete Randomized Design which is the

simplest design for comparative experiments, as it uses only two basic

principles of experimental designs: randomization and replication as defined

47 mm and a flow rate of ≥3mL/min/cm2 @1 bar will be availed.

Pulverized Dried Moringa oleifera seeds

Powdered activated carbon will be used to remove contaminants. The

layer of the filter compartment.

The samples will be tested in terms of pH, conductivity, and total

coliforms count measurements.

The samples used in pH measurement will be subjected to conductivity

test using a calibrated Crison Conductimeter Basic C30.

Total coliform using most probable number (MPN) procedure

added to the solution.

Analysis of Variance will be conducted to assess whether significant variations