Sharath Patil G.S et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.

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ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 6, ( Part - 1) June 2015, pp.97-100

RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS

Design and Implementation of Automatic Street Light Control

Using Sensors and Solar Panel
Sharath Patil G.S1, Rudresh S.M2, Kallendrachari.K3 ,M Kiran Kumar4,
Vani H.V5
1
u.G Student, Eee Dept, Sjmit, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
2
u.G Student, Eee Dept, Sjmit, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
3
u.G Student, Eee Dept, Sjmit, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
4
assistant Prof, Department Of Eee, Sjmit, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
5
associate Prof, Department Of Eee, Sjmit, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India

Abstract
Solar Photovoltaic panel based street lighting systems are becoming more common these days. But the
limitation with these ordinary street light systems is that it lacks intelligent performance. It is very essential to
automate the system so that we can conserve energy as well as to maximize the efficiency of the system. In this
paper a new method is suggested so as to maximize the efficiency of the street lighting system and to conserve
the energy usage the LED lights sensors. Here automation of street lights is done by LDR sensor. Intensity of
led street lights can be controlled by IR sensor and pulse width modulation.
Keywords: solar power, LED, LDR, IR sensor, street light control system, automation

I. INTRODUCTION human has become too busy, and is unable to find

It is very common these days to see solar PV time even to switch the lights wherever not
based street lights. People became aware about the necessary. The present system is like, the street lights
importance of moving from conventional resources will be switched on in the evening before the sun sets
based energy production to renewable energy based and they are switched off the next day morning after
power production. We all know that fossil fuel there is sufficient light on the roads. this paper gives
resources are going to fed us for only 50-60 years the best solution for electrical power wastage. Also
from now. So it is high time for us to shift to the manual operation of the lighting system is
renewable energy based power production and usage completely eliminated. In this paper the two sensors
as it is the only alternative available. It is sure that we are used which are Light Dependent Resistor LDR
can’t leave in a society without power. So we need to sensor to indicate a day/night time and the
maximize the usage of renewable energy so that we photoelectric sensors to detect the movement on the
can preserve conventional resources. Normal solar street. The microcontroller PIC16F877A is used as
PV based street lighting system lacks automation. brain to control the street light system, where the
The problem is that it will be in on state even though programming language used for developing the
there is no need of light and hence it causes loss of software to the microcontroller is C-language.
power. Yet another problem is power is wasted Finally, the system has been successfully designed
during late night when there. In this paper a new and implemented as prototype system.
technique is suggested to automate the entire system. [2]B. K. Subramanyam et al proposed paper on
Here when there is no necessity of light the system “Design and Development of Intelligent Wireless
will go into a power down mode and the lamps won’t Street Light Control and Monitoring System Along
glow. Sensors sense the intensity of light and With GUI” discussed that Now-a-days, it became
presence sensor is used to detect the presence of essential for people work during nights and returning
humans or cars and then it gets turned on back to homes late nights; also increasing crime rate
automatically. during night times. This can be best achieved by
implementing proper solar based lighting system on
II. PREVIOUS WORK Streets. The efficient monitoring and controlling of
[1] MUSTAFA SAAD et al proposed paper on” this lighting system must be taken into account. We
Automatic Street Light Control System Using will get more power consumption, saving money
Microcontroller “This paper aims at designing and through solar panel. Also saving precious time,
executing the advanced development in embedded decrease the huge human power through from the
systems forenergy saving of street lights. Nowadays, LDR, IR Sensors. The Street lights are controlled
through a specially designed Graphical User Interface
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Sharath Patil G.S et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 6, ( Part - 1) June 2015, pp.97-100

(GUI) in the PC. The Zigbee technology can be used

for the street lights monitoring and controlling at the
PC end.

III. SYSTEM MODEL

PWD LED
LDR

IR 8051
microcon Solar
SENSOR
troller Panel

i) Block diagram of proposed system

The block diagram of the proposed system is

depicted in figure 1. Here we employ a
microcontroller 80C51so as to perform the
controlling actions. We do employ certain sensors ii) Typical street light system
namely, IR sensor and LDR sensor. These sensors are
connected to the ports of the microcontroller through IV. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY
an interfacing circuit and an amplifier. The output PWM is required mainly for intensity controlling
from the microcontroller could be viewed through an of led .LDR is a light dependent resistor which is
LCD display. The microcontroller generates a PWM having very high resistance. Whose resistance
which is fed to the LED driver circuit which changes decreases when light impinges on it. This kind of
the operating cycles of each LED in the LED Array. sensor is commonly used in light sensor circuits in
The working of the entire system is mainly with open areas, to control street lamps. This LDR
the sensors present. The main idea behind the system mainly used to different between day and night light.
is that the LED array will be in off position at day LDR gives the discrete output of the resistance values
time. Even at day time if the intensity of light is this analog should be converted into digital so an
lower due to weather conditions like fog, analog to digital converter is required which is
thunderstorm etc. then the array will get turned on. interfaced with microcontroller .microcontroller is
Presence sensor will detect the presence of any programed in such a way that it during morning and
humans or cars. When IR sensor detects the vehicles evening intensity increases or decreases so according
brightness of the LED will be more when there is no to that intensity it is programed with 5 level intensity
vehicles brightness will be decreased. This is done so so we can conserve power here.
as to minimize the power consumption. Here we need
light only when it is needed. At night sometimes PULSE WIDTH MODULATION
roads will be empty and hence there is no use of IR sensor senses the vehicles on the street gives
illuminating all the lamps. So we can lower the signal to the microcontroller. When vehicles are
intensity of LEDs and can conserve the power. present it gives bright light. During late night low
traffic density so brightness of the LED are
automatically lowered .this dimmed light is enough
for pedestrian. here also lot of the power conserved
and we can utilize this power other purposes.

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ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 6, ( Part - 1) June 2015, pp.97-100

VI. CONCLUSION
A new model is presented in this paper which
will reduce the power consumption of the street
lighting system about 20-35 % compared to
conventional design. Here we are saving lot of power
without any Wastage, by these advanced technologies
we can design many more systems which can be done
by solar lights and through these solar lights we have
a vast usage at the same time we can do automatic
systems instead of doing it manually like with
LDR’s. Secondly, using highly advanced IC’s and
with the help of growing technology the project has
been successfully implemented.

VII. FUTURE SCOPE

Wireless is the buzz of communication industry
today. The field of wireless communication is
V. RESULTS growing leaps and bounds day by day. There have
The prototype has been tested in variable real life
been many advancements taking place in the
conditions to verify the overall functionality and seek
semiconductor industry leading to more and more
better performance. The measurements collected
advancements in wireless technology.
during the test phase allow calculating energy savings
The main aim of the project is to save the power,
so that it is possible to estimate cost savings also for
by using effectively we can save more power, as we
larger systems using approximations. Intensity of the
know that there is shortage of power nowadays in
street light can be controlled and we can conserve
everywhere mostly in villages etc. So to overcome
power effectively. we automated the street lights. It
that we can provide street lights automatically with
reduces the labor charge switching is done manually
the centralized intelligent systems. So in future we
there is no need of human resource. Figure iv shows
can design many more advanced technologies to save
how intensities are controlled during late.
power.

(a) light intensity low during no movement of

vehicle

(b) when there will be vehicle high intensity bright

light

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ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 6, ( Part - 1) June 2015, pp.97-100

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