SEMINAR REPORT

NAME: Satyam Jana

ROLL NO.: 1130722

BRANCH: Production & Industrial Engineering

SECTION: PIE-3

YEAR: 4th

SEMESTER: 7th

SUBJECT: Seminar

TOPIC: Internet of Things

SUBMITTED TO: Mr. Sandeep Singhal

 INDEX

 DEFINING THE ACRONYM “IOT ”

 INSIGHT INTO IOT

 A BRIEF HISTORY OF IOT

 INTRODUCING “INDUSTRIAL INTERNET OF THINGS”

 FOUR PHASES OF INDUSTRIAL INTERNET REVOLUTION

 IOT & SMART SYSTEMS DRIVERS

 DIVERSE & COMPOUND APPLICATIONS OF IOT

 IOT – THE KEY TO SUPPLY CHAIN EFFICIENCY

 IOT IN INDIA

 TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES OF IOT

 CRITICISM & CONTROVERSIES OF IOT

 LEADERS IN IOT MARKET

 MARKET POTENTIAL & FUTURE OF IOT

 REFERENCES
 DEFINING THE ACRONYM “IOT ”

 DEFINITION BY WIKIPEDIA
The Internet of Things, also called The Internet of Objects, refers to a wireless network between
objects, usually the network will be wireless and self-configuring, such as household appliances.

 DEFINITION BY CENTER FOR DATA & INNOVATION

Internet of Things refers to the concept that the Internet is no longer just a global network for people
to communicate with one another using computers, but it is also a platform for devices to
communicate electronically with the world around them.

 DEFINITION OF IOT IN 2008

The term "Internet of Things" has come to describe a number of technologies and research
disciplines that enable the Internet to reach out into the real world of physical objects.

 DEFINITION OF IOT IN 2020

Things having identities and virtual personalities operating in smart spaces using intelligent
interfaces to connect and communicate within social, environmental and user contexts.
 INSIGHT INTO IOT

 The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical objects or "things" embedded with
electronics, software, sensors, and network connectivity, which enables these objects to collect and
exchange data.

 IoT allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure,
creating opportunities for more direct integration between the physical world and computer-based
systems, and resulting in improved efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit.

 "Things," in the IoT sense, can refer to a wide variety of devices such as heart monitoring implants,
biochip transponders on farm animals, electric clams in coastal waters, automobiles with built-in
sensors, DNA analysis devices for environmental/food/pathogen monitoring or field operation
devices that assist fire-fighters in search and rescue operations.

 These devices collect useful data with the help of various existing technologies and then
autonomously flow the data between other devices.
 A BRIEF HISTORY OF IOT

 Kevin Ashton, Inventor of Internet of Things

The term Internet of Things is 16 years old. But the actual idea of connected devices had been
around longer, at least since the 70s. Back then, the idea was often called “embedded internet” or
“pervasive computing”. But the actual term “Internet of Things” was coined by Kevin Ashton in
1999 during his work at Procter & Gamble. Ashton who was working in supply chain optimization,
wanted to attract senior management’s attention to a new exciting technology called RFID. Because
the internet was the hottest new trend in 1999 and because it somehow made sense, he called his
presentation “Internet of Things”.
Even though Kevin grabbed the interest of some P&G executives, the term Internet of Things did not
get widespread attention for the next 10 years.

 Radio-frequency identification (RFID)

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) was seen as a prerequisite for the IoT at that point. If all
objects and people in daily life were equipped with identifiers, computers could manage and
inventory them. Besides using RFID, the tagging of things may be achieved through such
technologies as near field communication, barcodes, QR codes, bluetooth, and digital watermarking.
 INTRODUCING “INDUSTRIAL INTERNET OF THINGS”

 Internet of Things no more needs any introduction. When these IoT capabilities are implemented in
the Industrial and Manufacturing space, it becomes Industrial IoT. This technology is an
amalgamation of different technologies like machine learning, big data, sensor data, M2M
communication, and automation that have existed in the industrial backdrop for many years.

 Industrial Internet makes a connected enterprise by merging the information and operational
department of the industry. Thus improving visibility, boosting operational efficiency, increases
productivity and reduces the complexity of process in the industry. Industrial IoT is a transformative
manufacturing strategy that helps to improve quality, safety, productivity in an industry.

 Advantages

 Predictive & Proactive maintenance

 Real-Time Monitoring
 Asset/Resource Optimization
 Remote Diagnosis

 Drivers

 Technology of Smart Sensors, Robotics & Automation, Augmented/Virtual reality, Big Data Analytics,
Cloud Integration, Software applications, Mobile, Low power Hardware devices and Scalability of IPv6-
3.4X 10^38 IP address, etc.is a major driver for the Industrial Internet.
 Customer Behavior: The edge that IIoT gives to enterprises over their competitor helps them achieve
better customer satisfaction and retention through value addition.
 Macro-Economic Drivers: Government policies like Industry 4.0, Smart Factories, Make In India,
Make In China 2025 & Smart Cities, Japan’s Industrial Value Chain Initiative Foum, Support of Green
initiatives, Rising Energy & crude oil prices, Favorable FDI policies, Policies by regulatory bodies, etc.
works totally in favour of the IIoT evolution.
FOUR PHASES OF INDUSTRIAL INTERNET REVOLUTION

 Phases 1 and 2 represent immediate opportunities that drive the near-term adoption, starting with
operational efficiency. These activities are happening now, and will likely accelerate in the next
two years.

 Phases 3 and 4 include long-term structural changes that are roughly three years away from
mainstream adoption.

 Survey results support the view that the impact of the Industrial Internet is incremental in the
near-term but transformative over the longterm: 72% of respondents believe that the development
of the Industrial Internet will be disruptive to their businesses and industries, and more (79% of
respondents) think those disruptions will occur within the next five years. These disruptions will
manifest themselves in Phases 3 and 4 in the form of the outcome economy and an integrated
human-machine workforce.
 IOT & SMART SYSTEMS DRIVERS

 Sensors & Actuators

 Connectivity

 People & Processes

 DIVERSE & COMPOUND APPLICATIONS OF IOT

 Education
 Food
 Pharmaceuticals
 Retail
 Management
 Logistics
 Transport
 Infrastructure
 Home & Household
 IOT – THE KEY TO SUPPLY CHAIN EFFICIENCY

 We’ve all heard of the proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT), but in reality, the IoT hasn’t even
reached its peak yet. Gartner predicts 2016 will see 5.5 million new IoT devices every day, with a
total of 6.4 billion used around the world. With so much connectivity comes untapped potential,
especially in the supply chain and global logistics industry.

 Sensors are being deployed throughout forward-thinking supply chains, making every inch of
the global supply chain a data point that can be captured, analyzed and fine-tuned for increased
efficiency. Now that supply chains are part of the connected world, organizations across the globe
are realizing significant benefits, including:

 Visibility
 Operational Efficiency
 Customer Service
 Inventory Management
 Loss Management
 IOT IN INDIA

 In a move to play a larger role in the global evolution of IoT domain, while catering to the domestic
requirements and inefficiencies that can be potentially bridged by numerous IoT solutions, the Indian
government is taking various initiatives including policies and regulatory framework development
(India’s first IoT policy framework was released in October, 2014), driving solutions development
(and deployment) in partnership with private industry players (Smart City & Smart Grid projects)
and market creation.

 A key part of smart city development is the Smart Power Grid. There are currently 14 ongoing smart
grid pilot projects in India, in cities such as Pondicherry, Mysore, Kolkata, Mumbai, etc. All these
projects are in public private partnership mode. Key features being implemented as a part of these
pilot projects include Advanced Metering Infrastructure, Peak Load Management, Outage
Management System, Renewable Energy Integration, etc.
 TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES OF IOT

 At present IoT is faced with many challenges, such as:

 Scalability

 Technological Standardization

 Interoperability

 Discovery

 Software complexity

 Data volumes and interpretation

 Power Supply

 Interaction and short range communication

 Wireless communication

 Fault tolerance
 CRITICISM & CONTROVERSIES OF IOT

 Scholars and social observers and pessimists have doubts about the promises of the
ubiquitous computing revolution, in the areas as:

 Privacy

 Security

 Autonomy and Control

 Social control

 Political manipulation

 Design

 Environmental impact

 Influences human moral decision making

 LEADERS IN IOT MARKET

 Intel

 AWS(Amazon Web Services)

 Telit

 Davra Networks

 Ericsson

 ARM Technologies

 Cumulocity

 Cyber Lightning

 Cisco

 Jasper
 MARKET POTENTIAL & FUTURE OF IOT

 We’ll overestimate what it can do in 10 years and underestimate what it can do in 20. More seamless
interaction. We’re removing humanity—in some places this is good, in others? (e.g., electronic seal
with alzheimers patient versus a real person).
 The ability to aggregate and analyze disparate data. Whatever you can monitor/measure and
imagine, you’ll be able to do.
 We are currently at the Internet of Thing. Every manufacturer is creating a single product. We have
to go across manufacturers and start talking to one another. This is two to five years aways.
 The market is endless. It’s exciting. Build great software with a sophisticated backend with multiple
security levels like Cisco is offering. Bring order and sophistication to data. Security is currently
10th on the list. It needs to be in the top five. Security is an art that involves cryptography. Most
companies don’t have the talent they need to develop secure products.
 Very wild west. Major players will emerge. Platform wars will enable a vast network of sensors
to work together. A dominant platform will emerge. There are a lot of custom platforms right now.
We’ll see more standardization of platforms and more plug and play. Right now everyone is doing
different things for different reasons - raw socket versus HTTP requests. Things will standardize
over time. Ten years ago I worked on a vehicle management system that, today, has evolved to more
standardized common protocol for a more reliable and scalable infrastructure. Hardware
manufacturers that make server boards are now doing distributed processing because data is not
going to a centralized location. There’s so much data, you have to decide what’s relevant to keep.
 It’s becoming ubiquitous. In 10 years, anything that needs to be connected will have the ability
to be present on the internet.
 We will have 25 to 50 billion connected devices which will connect via a mesh network. This
will bring global, ubiquitous access to data and will make the life of telcos more difficult. Google is
looking in to ubiquitous wi-fi - the devices can connect to the network or range of devices through a
decentralized mesh network. Cloud networks are expanding. The global cloud will have all devices
residing there. Render connected devices provide computational power to someone on the other side
of the world.
 More and more devices are connected to each other via APTs. Connect all the things that you
want. Drive to your home, garage door opens without pressing a button, coffee starts, heat adjusts,
etc.
 We’re just seeing the tip of the iceberg. Adoption of technology is a fraction of what it will be.
 Piece of human computer interaction. Bigger than putting things on the internet. Make it
understandable, understanding, enhance humanity. Make IoT move in a more humanistic way.
 Unified ecosystem of all devices where companies talk to each other. There has to be a standard.
Maybe it’s established by Apple or Google because of the size of their user bases.
 We will continue to see the evolution of personal devices - glasses, watches, personal devices,
home devices. Hardware will connect everything. This will be led at the enterprise level by the IBMs
and Ciscos. I’m not as close to the enterprise level. Will introduce to Belkin and Fitbit.
 The ability to use data from devices to make intelligent, informed decisions.
 Using data to iterate your products quickly while they’re in the customers’ hands.
 Creating a smarter world. Companies not working in silos. Open to other partners, providers and
vendors to promote the sharing of information, automation and best practices.
 Remaking everything - healthcare, cars, cities, homes, industry.
 It’s exciting. We haven’t even started to fully understand the possibilities of getting remote
control via the phone. Learning patterns will automatically adjust over time and people will see new
possibilities.
 Visibility and reliability. The percent of industrial equipment that is currently connected is between
one and 25% depending on the company. There’s tremendous opportunity to connect equipment.
Likewise, the probability of detecting an important event without false positives is about 30%, except
at GE where we’re a world class 99%. The ability to tell what’s wrong and to diagnose a solution is
nowhere near 99%. We’re probably at 30% right now. We must improve the model of the machine
and the people that interacted with it and what they did. When we’re able to capture more
information on the machines and the people, we’ll move from anomaly detection to correction.
Providing better operational data to the cloud will help us improve operational optimization.
 It will evolve like other IT. Wildly hyped and then clocked and scaled over the next five to seven
years. The next frontier will be more customer centric. We’re currently working with a
commercial carpet manufacturer putting RFID chips in squares of carpet to see traffic patterns in
stores.
 REFERENCES

 https://www.google.co.in/

 https://sites.google.com/a/cortland.edu/the-internet-of-things/advantages

 https://www.moduslink.com/iot-key-efficiency-supply-chain/

 http://www.crn.com/slide-shows/networking/300080392/top-20-iot-enterprise-market-leaders-in-
2016.htm/pgno/0/2

 http://www.networkcomputing.com/internet-things/10-leaders-internet-things-
infrastructure/1612927605

 https://www.youtube.com/

 https://www-01.ibm.com/software/in/info/internet-of-things/

 http://www.nasscom.in/iot-india-next-big-wave

 http://www.sdcexec.com/article/12159728/the-internet-of-things-to-transform-supply-chains-into-
supply-streams