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    Solar Mobile Charger

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    Ashis karmakar
    The document is a seminar presentation submitted by a student on the topic of a solar mobile charger. It includes an introduction, objectives, description of the solar process and photovoltaic cells, specifications of the charger components, diagrams of the system, an explanation of how it works, advantages and disadvantages, applications, and conclusions. The presentation aims to educate about the basic operations, benefits, and future potential of solar powered mobile phone charging.

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    Solar Mobile Charger

    Uploaded by

    Ashis karmakar
    2K views16 pages
    The document is a seminar presentation submitted by a student on the topic of a solar mobile charger. It includes an introduction, objectives, description of the solar process and photovoltaic cells, specifications of the charger components, diagrams of the system, an explanation of how it works, advantages and disadvantages, applications, and conclusions. The presentation aims to educate about the basic operations, benefits, and future potential of solar powered mobile phone charging.

    Original Description:

    A Project Report on Solar Mobile Charger

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    The document is a seminar presentation submitted by a student on the topic of a solar mobile charger. It includes an introduction, objectives, description of the solar process and photovoltaic cells, specifications of the charger components, diagrams of the system, an explanation of how it works, advantages and disadvantages, applications, and conclusions. The presentation aims to educate about the basic operations, benefits, and future potential of solar powered mobile phone charging.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2K views16 pages

    Solar Mobile Charger

    Uploaded by

    Ashis karmakar
    The document is a seminar presentation submitted by a student on the topic of a solar mobile charger. It includes an introduction, objectives, description of the solar process and photovoltaic cells, specifications of the charger components, diagrams of the system, an explanation of how it works, advantages and disadvantages, applications, and conclusions. The presentation aims to educate about the basic operations, benefits, and future potential of solar powered mobile phone charging.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 16

    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &

    TECHNOLOGY

    SEMINAR
    ON
    SOLAR MOBILE CHARGER

    Submitted By:
    xxxxx
    Roll No.: xxx
    Department of Power
    Electronics And
    Instrumentation Engineering

    Jorhat Institute of Science and


    Technology,Jorhat
    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
    TECHNOLOGY

    Contents:

     Introduction.

     Objectives.

     Solar Process.

     PV Cell Specification.

     Specification of Charger.

     Block Diagram.

     Circuit Diagram.

     Working.

     Advantage.

     Disadvantage.

     Application.

     Conclusion.

     References.

     Bibliography
    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
    TECHNOLOGY

    Objectives::

    • To study the basic operations of a solar mobile charger.

    • To know the advantages and limitations of its use.

    • To know the future scope of the solar mobile charger.

    • Maximizing the use of it in day to day life.


    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
    TECHNOLOGY

    Solar Process:

    • Photovoltaic cells are made of special


    materials called semiconductors such as
    silicon. An atom of silicon has 14 electrons,
    arranged in three different shells.

    • The outer shell has 4 electrons .Therefore


    a silicon atom will always look for ways to
    fill up its last shell, and to do this, it will
    share electrons with four nearby atoms.
    Now we use phosphorus(with 5 electrons
    in its outer shell)Therefore when it
    combines with silicon, one electron
    remains free.

    • When energy is added to pure silicon it can


    cause a few electrons to break free of their
    bonds and leave their atoms. These are
    called free carriers, which move randomly
    around the crystalline lattice looking for
    holes to fall into and carrying an electrical
    current.
    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
    TECHNOLOGY

    • However, there are so few, that they aren't very useful. But our impure silicon
    with phosphorous atoms takes a lot less energy to knock loose one of our
    "extra“ electrons because they aren't tied up in a bond with any neighbouring
    atoms. As a result, we have a lot more free carriers than we would have in
    pure silicon to become N-type silicon.

    • The other part of a solar cell is doped with the element boron(with 3
    electrons in its outer shell)to become P-type silicon.

    • Now, when this two type of silicon interact, an electric field forms at the
    junction which prevents more electrons to move to P-side.

    • When photon hits solar cell, its energy breaks apart electron-hole pairs. Each
    photon with enough energy will normally free exactly one electron, resulting
    in a free hole as well. If this happens close enough to the electric field, this
    causes disruption of electrical neutrality, and if we provide an external current
    path, electrons will flow through the P side to unite with holes that the
    electric field sent there, doing work for us along the way. The electron flow
    provides the current, and the cell's electric field causes a voltage.
    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
    TECHNOLOGY

    PV Cell Specifications:

    6
    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
    TECHNOLOGY

    Specifications of Charger:

    • Uses high-efficiency mono crystalline silicon.

    • Solar panel: 5.5V/1000mA

    • Output voltage: 5.5V

    • Output current: 300-550 mA

    • Time taken to charge mobile phone using the charger : about 60mintues for
    typical mobile
    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
    TECHNOLOGY

    Block Diagram:

    8
    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
    TECHNOLOGY

    Circuit Diagram:
    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
    TECHNOLOGY

    Description:

    • The Solar Panel being the major and important part of the circuit captures the
    Solar energy and drives it to the battery.

    • Solar panels are as good as power supplies of an average of 12V in bright


    sunlight.

    • IC LM 317 solves the problem by regulating the output voltage but it again
    dissipated 2V across it which makes the system less efficient.

    • Solar charger circuits need voltage regulators so as to charge the batteries at


    constant voltage

    • The battery is thus charged at constant voltage and at desired rate depending
    on the amount of current supplied.

    • Batteries are the easiest way to store energy. Hence solar charger circuits aim
    at charging batteries rather than driving components .

    • The battery charging process should be stopped once it is fully charged and
    this is ensured using a zener which will start conducting at the cut off voltage
    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
    TECHNOLOGY

    Working :

    • During the daylight hours the solar panel detects the Solar Radiation incident
    on it and produces the voltage pulses.

    • The voltage pulses are rectified by a diode and then given to the adjustable
    voltage regulator. Then it produces a constant output voltage irrespective of
    input voltage.

    • Then it is given to the control circuit, the control circuit consists of diodes and
    transistor.

    • Diodes are simply blocking diodes which ensure that the current flows only in
    one way so that the battery doesn’t discharge when the output from solar
    panel is low.

    • Zener Diode and the Transistor: This part of circuit ensures that once the
    charging cut off voltage is reached by the battery, the charging stops. The
    Zener is rated at 6.8V as breakdown. This allows all the voltage to drop across
    the Zener and the transistor switches on due to biasing of the Base-Emitter
    junction. The transistor acts like a switch and once the battery is charged, it
    draws all the current thus protecting the battery.
    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
    TECHNOLOGY

    Advantages:

    • Solar energy is a renewable energy sources.

    • Solar energy comes in free of charge.

    • Solar cells panel on the solar charger does not require much maintenance.

    • It also helps reduces cost such as electric bills as the solar charger source of energy
    is free.

    Disadvantages:

    • Solar charger need light to work.

    • Charging a device by solar charger is much slower than the main charger
    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
    TECHNOLOGY

    Application:

    • For low-power portable electronics, like calculators or small fans, a


    photovoltaic array may be a reasonable energy source rather than a battery.

    • Solar chargers can charge lead acid or Ni-Cd battery bank up to 48 V and
    hundreds of ampere-hours (up to 400 Ah) capacity.

    • Small portable models designed to charge a range of different mobile phones,


    cell phones, iPods or other portable audio equipment.

    • Public solar chargers permanently installed in public places, such as parks,

    squares and streets, which passersby can use for free.


    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
    TECHNOLOGY

    Conclusion:

    • The energy must thus be conserved and used efficiently.

    • In solar mobile charger ripples are not produced as a direct DC power is


    supplied.

    • Battery life is high and also its adaptability.

    • So, Solar mobile charger is highly applicable in today’s world.

    • This is due to the continual depletion of resources.

    • Solar energy is renewable and can be used for the simplest of purpose i.e.
    solar mobile charger.
    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
    TECHNOLOGY

    References :

    • www.google.com

    • www.wikipedia.com

    • Power Electronics , by Bhimbra P.S.

    • Solar Electricity Engineering of Photovoltaic System, by Lorezo E.


    JORHAT INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE &
    TECHNOLOGY

    Bibliography::

    • An Energy-aware Survey on Mobile-phone Chargers, p. 8. Bonner, J. (2012),

    Portable Solar Panel Charging Station, p.31.

    • Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Incentives: A summary of Federal

    Programs, p.5. de Groot, H. (2008),

    • www.google.com

    • www.wikipedia.com

    • Power Electronics , by Bhimbra P.S.

    • Solar Electricity Engineering of Photovoltaic System, by Lorezo E.

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