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ENHANCEMENT OF DOMPERIDONE DISSOLUTION RATE VIA FORMULATION OF

ADSORBATES AND CO-ADSORBATES

Article  in  International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research · March 2016

DOI: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.7(3).951-60

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Aboutaleb et al., IJPSR, 2016; Vol. 7(3): 951-960. E-ISSN: 0975-8232; P-ISSN: 2320-5148

IJPSR (2016), Vol. 7, Issue 3 (Research Article)

Received on 30 September, 2015; received in revised form, 17 November, 2015; accepted, 05 January, 2016; published 01 March, 2016

ENHANCEMENT OF DOMPERIDONE DISSOLUTION RATE VIA FORMULATION OF

ADSORBATES AND CO-ADSORBATES
A.E. Aboutaleb, S. I. Abdel-Rahman, M. O. Ahmed and M. A. Younis *

Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.

Key words: ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to enhance the dissolution rate of water-
insoluble, weakly basic antiemetic drug; Domperidone (DMP), through the formulation
Domperidone, of adsorbates and co-adsorbates. Adsorption of drug onto the surface of three different
adsorbates, co-adsorbates, adsorbents; Avicel PH 101, Florite R and Aerosil 200 was studied and Langmuir
DSC, P-XRD, dissolution adsorption isotherms were constructed. Adsorbates of drug with the used adsorbents
Correspondence to Author: were prepared in different weight ratios by physical mixing, grinding and solvent
M. A. Younis evaporation methods. Co-adsorbates of drug with Aerosil 200 and Tween 80 were
prepared by solvent evaporation method in different weight ratios. The prepared systems
Department of Industrial Pharmacy,
were physico-chemically characterized by Fourier- transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-
Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut IR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffractometry (P-
University, Assiut 71526, Egypt. XRD). FT-IR data confirmed the absence of any chemical interaction between DMP and
Email: [email protected] the used adsorbents. P-XRD results confirmed the transformation of some systems from
the crystalline state to the amorphous state which aided in the dissolution rate
enhancement. Furthermore, the in-vitro dissolution rate of drug from these systems was
studied which showed marked enhancement of DMP dissolution rate at both pH 1.2 and
pH 6.8 (7 fold and 5 fold, respectively) compared to drug alone .It can be concluded that
the dissolution rate of DMP was markedly improved via formulation of adsorbates and
co-adsorbates.

INTRODUCTION: Domperidone (DMP) is 5- This makes the absorption of drug dissolution rate-
chloro-1-[1-[3-(2, 3 - dihydro – 2 – oxo - 1H - limited and lowers the oral bioavailability to 13-
benzimidazol-1-yl)-propyl] 4-piperidinyl]-1, 3- 17%. 3 The low oral bioavailability of DMP
dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one, with a molecular required administration of high doses which have
formula of C22H24ClN2O5. It is a dopamine (D2) been reported to be associated with cardiac side
receptor antagonist. DMP is used for the treatment effects. 4
and prevention of acute nausea and vomiting of any
cause; especially cytotoxic therapy and In 2014, The European Medicines Agency (EMA)
radiotherapy.1 DMP is practically insoluble in recommended reduction of dose to 30 mg daily for
water (1 part in 50,000 part of water) and has a pka adults and 0.25 mg/kg up to 3 times daily for
value of 7.9 so, it is a weakly basic drug with a children and decided to withdraw any dosage form
very poor dissolution rate at relatively high pH delivering higher doses from market. 4 The
values.2 challenge was to achieve maximum therapeutic
benefits using the lowest possible dose. The aim of
QUICK RESPONSE CODE current study was to deal with this challenge and
DOI:
10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.7(3).951-60 improve the dissolution rate of DMP via
formulation of adsorbates and co-adsorbates to
enhance its absorption and consequently, the oral
Article can be accessed online on:
www.ijpsr.com bioavailability. Adsorption of drugs onto
adsorbents helps to increase the effective surface
DOI link: http://dx.doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.7 (3).951-60 area of drug and thus, improves the drug

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Aboutaleb et al., IJPSR, 2016; Vol. 7(3): 951-960. E-ISSN: 0975-8232; P-ISSN: 2320-5148

dissolution. 5 The addition of surfactant to the 5. Vacuum oven drier (Poland).

adsorbates yields co-adsorbates which have the
additional advantage of increasing the wettability 6. Differential Scanning Calorimeter, DSC-50
and solubility of drug. 6 The Adsorption of drug (Shimadzu, Japan).
onto the surface of Avicel PH 101, Florite R and
Aerosil 200 was studied and Langmuir adsorption 7. Fourier- transform infrared spectrometer
isotherms were constructed. Adsorbates of drug (Shimadzu IR-470, Japan).
and the used adsorbents were prepared using three
different techniques; physical mixing, grinding and 8. X-ray diffractometer (Philips 1710 model,
solvent evaporation in weight ratios of 1:1, 1:3 and Germany).
1:5 (w/w) drug to adsorbent, respectively.
Co-adsorbates of drug with Tween 80 and Aerosil 9. Vibrating uniball mill (VEB Leuchten bau-
200 were prepared by solvent evaporation method KM1, Germany).
in weight ratios of 1:1:5, 1:3:5 and 1:5:5 (w/w/w),
respectively. The prepared systems were 10. Digital precise shaking water bath
characterized for their physico-chemical properties (DAIHAN scientific company-model WSB-
and in-vitro dissolution rate at two different pH 45, Korea).
values; 1.2 and 6.8.
Methods:
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Determination of Equilibrium Adsorption of
Materials: Domperidone:
Phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8) containing 20
1. Domperidone (Pharco, for pharmaceutical
µg/ml of drug was prepared and added to 100 mg
and chemical industry, Egypt).
of the investigated adsorbent in clean dry 100 ml
volumetric flasks. The flasks were firmly closed
2. Micro crystalline cellulose (Avicel) PH 101
and shaken at a rate of (40±2) stroke/minute in a
grade (Evans Chem. CO., Egypt).
thermostatically controlled water bath at 37± 0.5
°C. After suitable time intervals (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12,
3. Florite R (Tokuyama Soda, Tokyo, Japan).
18 and 24 hours ), samples of 1ml were withdrawn
from each test solution , filtered immediately and
4. Aerosil 200 (El-Nasr pharmaceuticals and
assayed spectrophotometrically at λmax of 284 nm
chemicals CO., Egypt).
for the remaining DMP content . Control test
solution, containing identical concentration of
5. Tween 80® (sigma chemical CO., USA).
DMP without adsorbent, was treated similarly to
check for any drug loss. Blank solutions containing
All other used chemicals and reagents were of
only adsorbents without drug were also treated
pharmaceutical grade and were used as received.
similarly. The equilibrium time for adsorption of
drug onto the surface of all the investigated
Equipment:
adsorbents was achieved within 4-6 hours. There
1. Single beam spectrophotometer (JENWAY- was no decrease in drug concentration in the
model 6305, UK). control experiment confirming the absence of any
drug loss due to degradation or adsorption to glass
2. Electric sensitive balance (Precisa, utensils during equilibration.
Switzerland)
Construction of Langmuir Adsorption
3. USP II dissolution apparatus (Erweka DT- Isotherms:
D6, Heusenstamm, Germany). Phosphate buffer solutions (pH 6.8) containing
different concentrations of domperidone (10, 12,
4. Digital pH meter (JENWAY-model 3310, 16, 20 and 30 µg/ml) were added to 100 mg of the
UK) investigated adsorbent in clean, dry 100 ml

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volumetric flasks. All samples were subjected to Preparation of domperidone co-adsorbates:

the same conditions and treated as previously DMP co-adsorbates with Tween 80 and Aerosil
mentioned in equilibrium adsorption study. All 200 were prepared in weight ratios of 1:1:5, 1:3:5
samples were left for 12 hours to ensure and 1:5:5 ,respectively using solvent evaporation
equilibrium. technique. The accurately measured volume of
Tween 80 equivalent to the specific intended
Preparation of physical mixtures of drug and weight of surfactant (1, 3 and 5g) was added to 5 g
adsorbents: of Aerosil 200 in a porcelain dish to prepare Tween
Florite R and Avicel PH 101 were activated in 80: Aerosil 200 mixtures in ratios of 1:5, 3:5 and
vacuum drier at 120°C and 70°C for 3 and 24 5:5 (w/w). The obtained slurry was infrequently
hours, respectively and stored in a dessicator over stirred using a glass rod for 2 hours and then dried
calcium chloride till used. Aerosil 200 was used as in an oven at 110°C till constant weight was
received. Physical mixtures of DMP with Avicel obtained. The final dried powder obtained was
pH 101, Florite R and Aerosil 200 at weight ratios dispersed in minimum amount of methanol and
of 1:1, 1:3 and 1:5 (w/w) drug: adsorbent were then added to the methanolic solution containing
prepared by gentle blending of the desired amount the specified amount of drug with sufficient
of the drug and the adsorbent using a mortar and a stirring. The solvents were removed under reduced
pestle. The prepared samples were pulverized, pressure at 40°C till constant weight was obtained.
sieved to obtain a particle size range of 125-250 The prepared samples were pulverized, sieved to
µm and stored in a dessicator over calcium chloride obtain a particle size range of 125-250 µm and
till used. stored in a dessicator over calcium chloride till
used.
Preparation of ground mixtures of drug and
adsorbents: Characterization of The prepared systems:
Ground mixtures of the drug and the previously Drug content:
mentioned adsorbents at weight ratios of 1:1, 1:3 An accurately weighed amount of the prepared
and 1:5 (w/w) drug: adsorbent were prepared by systems equivalent to 10 mg of the drug was added
grinding the physical mixtures of drug with each to 100 ml volumetric flask, dissolved in minimum
adsorbent in a vibrating ball mill for 15 minutes. amount of methanol and the volume completed to
The prepared samples were pulverized, sieved to 100 ml with phosphate buffer (pH 6.8). After
obtain a particle size range of 125-250 µm and suitable dilution, DMP content was determined
stored in a dessicator over calcium chloride till spectrophotometrically at 284 nm. Only those
used. samples containing 100± 5% of the claimed
amount of DMP were considered for further
Preparation of loaded mixtures of drug and studies.
adsorbents:
Loaded mixtures of DMP with each adsorbent at Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) studies:
weight ratios of 1:1, 1:3 and 1:5 (w/w) drug: A qualitative FT-IR analysis was performed for
adsorbent were prepared by solvent evaporation drug, adsorbents and the prepared systems.
method. The desired amount of drug was dissolved Samples of 1-2 mg were mixed with potassium
in methanol. The accurately weighed adsorbent was bromide (IR grade) and compressed into discs in a
dispersed in minimum amount of methanol and compressor unit under vacuum and then scanned
then added to the solution of drug with sufficient from 4000 to 400 cm-1 with an empty pellet holder
stirring. The solvents were removed under reduced as a reference.
pressure at 40°C till constant weight was obtained.
The prepared samples were pulverized, sieved to Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
obtain a particle size range of 125-250µm and studies:
stored in a dessicator over calcium chloride till DSC thermograms were obtained by using a
used. shimadzu DSC-50 (Japan) equipped with a
software computer program. Samples of about 5mg

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were placed in an aluminum pan of 50 µl capacity the maximum amount of drug adsorbed to form
and 0.1mm thickness, press-sealed with aluminum monolayer under experimental conditions (limiting
cover of 0.1mm thickness. An empty pan sealed in adsorption capacity) (m.mole/g).
the same way was used as a reference. Samples
were heated from 30°to 300°C at a rate of 10°C Fig. (1, 2 and 3) represent typical Langmuir
min-1 and nitrogen flow of 40 ml/min. Indium was isotherms for adsorption of DMP onto the surface
used as a standard for calibrating temperature. of Avicel pH101, Florite R and Aerosil 200,
Thermograms obtained were analyzed using TA-50 respectively. Langmuir isotherms were obtained by
program to determine temperature and heat of plotting (X/m) versus (Ceq).The curves showed
fusion (ΔH) for each peak. typical type I Langmuir isotherms proving the
formation of an adsorbed monolayer of drug onto
Powder X-ray diffractometry (P-XRD) studies: the surface of the used adsorbents.8
The X-ray diffractograms were obtained using
Philips 1710 diffractometer (Germany). The target
was CuKα radiation operating at 40KV and a
current of 40mA and a single crystal graphite
monochromator was used. The diffraction patterns
were achieved using continuous scan mode with 2θ
ranging from 4° to 60° at a rate of 0.6°/min.

In-vitro dissolution studies:

USP dissolution apparatus II (paddle type) was
used at a rotation speed of 50 rpm. Powdered FIG.1: TYPICAL LANGMUIR ISOTHERM FOR
samples of each preparation equivalent to 10 mg of ADSORPTION OF DMP ONTO AVICEL PH101 IN A
domperidone were added to the dissolution medium BUFFER SOLUTION OF pH 6.8 AT 37°C.
(500ml buffer solution with pH 1.2 or 6.8, kept at
37±0.5°C). Pure drug was sieved to obtain a size
range of 125-250 µm and treated similarly. At time
intervals of 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes,
samples (5ml) of the solution were withdrawn with
a volumetric pipette, using cotton plug as a filter
and replaced with an equal volume of fresh
dissolution medium equilibrated at 37°C. The
samples were analyzed spectrophotometrically at λ
max of 284nm. Each experiment was performed in
triplicate, and the mean recordings were used for FIG.2: TYPICAL LANGMUIR ISOTHERM FOR
ADSORPTION OF DMP ONTO FLORITE R IN A BUFFER
calculations. SOLUTION OF pH 6.8 AT 37°C.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

Langmuir adsorption isotherms:
The adsorption of DMP onto surface of Avicel
PH101, Florite R and Aerosil 200 was evaluated
using Langmuir adsorption model: 7

y=x/m= k.n.Ceq/1+n.Ceq

where, (y) is the amount of DMP in millimoles (X)

adsorbed per (m) grams of adsorbent , (Ceq) is the FIG.3: TYPICAL LANGMUIR ISOTHERM FOR
equilibrium concentration of drug (m.mole/L) , (K) ADSORPTION OF DMP ONTO AEROSIL 200 IN A BUFFER
is the association constant (L/m.mole) , and (n) is SOLUTION OF pH 6.8 AT 37°C.

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The linear form of Langmuir equation is: slope and intercept of the linear plots.
Ceq/y= Ceq/n + 1/n.k
n= 1/slope
When (Ceq/y) was plotted against (Ceq), a straight
K=1/n.intercept
line was obtained indicating that adsorption of
DMP onto the surface of the investigated
The limiting adsorption capacities of DMP onto
adsorbents was a continuous function of the initial
Avicel PH 101, Florite R and Aerosil 200 were
concentration of the drug 9 (Fig. 4, 5 and 6).
equal to 0.01611, 0.018918 and 0.022131
m.mole/g, respectively. The association constant
values were equal to 8.110683, 6.942144 and
5.663699 L/m.mole, respectively. These results
indicated that Aerosil 200 has the highest
adsorption capacity for the drug followed by Florite
R and finally, Avicel PH 101.

Drug content of the prepared systems:

UV spectroscopic assays confirmed the
homogeneity of DMP content in all the investigated
FIG.4: LINEAR LANGMUIR PLOT FOR ADSORPTION OF
DMP ONTO THE SURFACE OF AVICEL PH 101 IN A
samples. The differences between theoretical and
BUFFER SOLUTION OF pH 6.8 AT 37°C. actual drug contents were negligible in physical
mixtures, but there were slight differences between
them in ground, loaded mixtures and coadsorbates
(typically 98±2%), probably due to loss of drug
during grinding or solvent evaporation.

Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR)

spectroscopic studies:
Fig. (7) shows the FT-IR spectra of DMP-Florite R
systems. Domperidone (Fig.7, trace A) showed
characteristic peaks at 1697 cm-1 (C=O stretching
vibration), 3300-3500 cm-1 (N-H stretching
FIG.5: LINEAR LANGMUIR PLOT FOR ADSORPTION OF vibration), 3000-3100 cm-1 (aromatic =C-H
DMP ONTO THE SURFACE OF FLORITE R IN A BUFFER stretching vibration), 2850-3000cm-1
SOLUTION OF pH 6.8 AT 37°C.
(sp3 –C-H vibration) and several bands at 1400-
1600 cm-1 (aromatic C=C stretching vibration).
Florite R (Fig.7, trace B) showed no characteristic
absorption bands due to its inorganic nature
(porous calcium silicate).

Physical, ground and loaded mixtures showed the

same characteristic absorption bands of drug.
Increasing the amount of Florite R in mixture, the
absorption band of C=O group of domperidone
FIG.6: LINEAR LANGMUIR PLOT FOR ADSORPTION OF
became more broad and decreased in intensity due
DMP ONTO THE SURFACE OF AEROSIL 200 IN A BUFFER to dilution effect.10 Similar results were obtained
SOLUTION OF pH 6.8 AT 37°C. with Avicel PH 101 and Aerosil 200. The results
confirmed the absence of any chemical interactions
The maximum adsorption capacity (n) and the between drug and the used adsorbents.
association constant (K) can be calculated from the

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peak of drug was completely disappeared in fig.(9,

traces E and F), Fig. (10, traces D, E, F and G) and
Fig. (11, traces C, D and E) suggesting that drug
was changed to the amorphous state 11 which was
confirmed by P-XRD studies as shown later.

Endotherm

FIG.7: FT-IR SPECTRA OF DMP-FLORITE SYSTEMS. (A) FIG. 8: DSC THERMOGRAMS OF DMP-AVICEL
DMP, (B) FLORITE R,(C) 1:5 PHYSICAL MIXTURE,(D) 1:5 SYSTEMS.(A) DMP (B) AVICEL PH 101 (C) 1:5 PHYSICAL
GROUND MIXTURE,(E) 1:5 LOADED MIXTURE. MIXTURE (D) 1:5 GROUND MIXTURE (E) 1:5 LOADED
MIXTURE.
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
studies:
Fig. (8-11) show DSC thermograms of the prepared
systems. DMP (Fig.8-11, trace A) showed a sharp
melting endothermic peak at 252.49°C with a
fusion enthalpy (ΔH) of
(-94.37 J/g). This indicated that the drug was
present in a pure crystalline state. Avicel pH 101
Endotherm

(Fig. 8, trace B), Florite R (Fig.9, trace B) and

Aerosil 200 (Fig.10 and 11, trace B) showed no
endothermic peaks up to 300°C. Increasing the
amount of adsorbent in physical mixtures (Fig.8-
10, trace C), the melting endothermic peak of drug
was decreased in intensity and fusion enthalpy due
to dilution effect. 5 Fig. (11) shows the DSC
thermograms of DMP-Tween80-Aerosil 200 co-
adsorbates. It was obvious that the melting
endothermic peak of DMP was severely decreased
in intensity and fusion enthalpy in case of ground
and loaded mixtures due to reduction of FIG.9: DSC THERMOGRAMS OF DMP-FLORITE R
SYSTEMS.(A) DMP (B) FLORITE R (C) 1:5 PHYSICAL
crystallinity resulted from grinding and solvent MIXTURE (D) 1:5 GROUND MIXTURE (E) 1:3 LOADED
evaporation methods. The melting endothermic MIXTURE (F) 1:5 LOADED MIXTURE.

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F ) and Fig.(14,traces C, D and E) confirming the

transformation of DMP from the crystalline state to
the amorphous state in these systems 12 as
suggested from DSC results mentioned before.
Endotherm

FIG.10: DSC THERMOGRAMS OF DMP-AEROSIL

SYSTEMS. (A) DMP (B) AEROSIL 200 (C) 1:5 PHYSICAL
MIXTURE (D) 1:3 GROUND MIXTURE (E) 1:5 GROUND
MIXTURE (F) 1:3 LOADED MIXTURE (G) 1:5 LOADED
MIXTURE.

FIG.12: POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTOGRAMS OF DMP-

FLORITE SYSTEMS.
(A) DMP, (B) FLORITE R, (C) 1:3 LOADED MIXTURE, (D)
1:5 LOADED MIXTURE.
Endotherm

FIG.11: DSC THERMOGRAMS OF DMP CO-ADSORBATES.

(A) DMP (B) AEROSIL 200 (C) 1:1:5 CO-ADSORBATE (D)
1:3:5 CO-ADSORBATE (E) 1:5:5 CO-ADSORBATE.

Powder X-ray diffraction (P-X-RD) studies:

Fig.(12-14) show powder x-ray diffractograms of
DMP-Florite R, DMP-Aerosil 200 and DMP co-
adsorbates systems, respectively. Pure drug FIG.13: POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTOGRAMS OF DMP-
(Fig.12-14, trace A) showed strong peaks of AEROSIL SYSTEMS.
crystallinity which were completely disappeared in (A) DMP, (B) AEROSIL 200 ,(C) 1:3 GROUND MIXTURE, (D)
1:5 GROUND MIXTURE, (E) 1:3 LOADED MIXTURE, (F) 1:5
Fig.(12, traces C and D), Fig.(13, traces C,D,E and LOADED MIXTURE.

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wetting effect of surfactant in co-adsorbates which

was responsible for enhancement of solubility and
dissolution of drug compared with adsorbates with
adsorption effect only .6 Increasing amount of
surfactant in the system, the release of drug was
enhanced. The order of drug release from all
systems at different pH values was: pH1.2> pH 6.8.
This can be explained by the weakly basic nature of
drug (pka=7.9) favoring lower pH values that
induce drug ionization and consequently, improve
the solubility and dissolution rate of drug.15

FIG.14: POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTOGRAMS OF DMP-

TWEEN 80-AEROSIL 200 COADSORBATES. (A)DMP, (B)
AEROSIL 200, (C) 1:1:5, (D) 1:3:5, (E) 1:5:5.
FIG.15: EFFECT OF ADSORBENT TYPE ON RELEASE
In-vitro dissolution studies: PROFILES OF DMP FROM 1:5 (DRUG: ADSORBENT)
LOADED MIXTURES IN A BUFFER SOLUTION OF pH 1.2.
The dissolution profiles of domperidone from the
various prepared systems are shown in Fig. (15-
20). All prepared systems showed higher
dissolution rates than the untreated drug. The drug
was released from the different prepared systems in
the order of: Aerosil 200 systems > Florite R
systems > Avicel pH101 systems. This was the
same order of adsorbing power as indicated from
Langmuir adsorption isotherms mentioned before.
These results confirmed that adsorption effectively
participated in the enhancement of drug dissolution
rate. Within each system, the order of drug release FIG.16: COMPARISON OF DMP RELEASE FROM
PHYSICAL, GROUND AND LOADED MIXTURES
was: loaded mixtures > ground mixtures > physical CONTAINING DRUG AND AEROSIL 200 IN WEIGHT
mixtures. RATIO OF 1:5 IN A BUFFER SOLUTION OF pH 1.2.

This can be explained by drug deposition on more

extensive surface areas in case of loaded and
ground mixtures than physical mixtures.13
Moreover, in some ground and loaded mixtures, the
drug was changed to the amorphous state which has
higher solubility and dissolution rate than
crystalline state.14 Increasing drug: adsorbent ratio
in mixture from 1:1 to 1:5, the dissolution rate was
increased. It is obvious that all co-adsorbates
showed the highest dissolution rate among all FIG.17: EFFECT OF DIFFERENT WEIGHT RATIOS OF
prepared systems. This can be attributed to the AEROSIL 200 ON THE RELEASE OF DMP FROM ITS
combination of adsorption effect in addition to LOADED MIXTURES IN A BUFFER SOLUTION OF pH 1.2.

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drug: adsorbent ratios. All co-adsorbates showed

crystalline-to-amorphous transitions. The
enhancement of domperidone dissolution rate can
be attributed to many factors including: the
increase in drug surface area, reduction of
crystallinity, crystalline-to-amorphous transitions
and surfactant-induced increase in drug wettability.
Domperidone release from the prepared systems
was pH-dependent and more favored at low pH
values.
FIG.18: RELEASE PROFILES OF DMP FROM THE
PREPARED CO-ADSORBATES IN A BUFFER SOLUTION
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FIG.19: RELEASE PROFILES OF DMP FROM THE
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Aboutaleb et al., IJPSR, 2016; Vol. 7(3): 951-960. E-ISSN: 0975-8232; P-ISSN: 2320-5148

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How to cite this article:

Aboutaleb AE, Abdel-Rahman SI, Ahmed MO and Younis MA: Enhancement of Domperidone Dissolution Rate via Formulation of
Adsorbates and Co-Adsorbates. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2016; 7(3): 951-60.doi: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.7(3).951-60.

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