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    Sliding Contact and Rolling Contact Bearing

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    orgasandrey
    Bearings are used to support rotating members like shafts and allow relative motion with minimal friction. They are classified as sliding contact or rolling contact bearings. Sliding contact bearings have simpler design but higher friction, while rolling contact bearings can carry more load with less friction. Common types of rolling element bearings include ball bearings, tapered roller bearings, and needle bearings, which vary in their capabilities to handle different load types and directions. Proper lubrication is important for bearings to operate efficiently.

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    Sliding Contact and Rolling Contact Bearing

    Uploaded by

    orgasandrey
    1K views45 pages
    Bearings are used to support rotating members like shafts and allow relative motion with minimal friction. They are classified as sliding contact or rolling contact bearings. Sliding contact bearings have simpler design but higher friction, while rolling contact bearings can carry more load with less friction. Common types of rolling element bearings include ball bearings, tapered roller bearings, and needle bearings, which vary in their capabilities to handle different load types and directions. Proper lubrication is important for bearings to operate efficiently.

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    Lagare cu alunecare si lagare cu rostogolire

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    Bearings are used to support rotating members like shafts and allow relative motion with minimal friction. They are classified as sliding contact or rolling contact bearings. Sliding contact bearings have simpler design but higher friction, while rolling contact bearings can carry more load with less friction. Common types of rolling element bearings include ball bearings, tapered roller bearings, and needle bearings, which vary in their capabilities to handle different load types and directions. Proper lubrication is important for bearings to operate efficiently.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views45 pages

    Sliding Contact and Rolling Contact Bearing

    Uploaded by

    orgasandrey
    Bearings are used to support rotating members like shafts and allow relative motion with minimal friction. They are classified as sliding contact or rolling contact bearings. Sliding contact bearings have simpler design but higher friction, while rolling contact bearings can carry more load with less friction. Common types of rolling element bearings include ball bearings, tapered roller bearings, and needle bearings, which vary in their capabilities to handle different load types and directions. Proper lubrication is important for bearings to operate efficiently.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The document discusses different types of bearings including sliding contact bearings, rolling contact bearings, ball bearings, roller bearings, and needle bearings. It also covers classifications, lubrication mechanisms, and applications of these bearings.

    The main types of bearings discussed are sliding contact bearings, ball bearings, roller bearings, taper roller bearings, needle bearings, and journal bearings.

    Some advantages of journal bearings discussed are that they require little radial space, run quietly, have a longer life span, are less sensitive to contamination, are less costly, can better sustain shock loads, require less precise mounting, and are available in split halves.

    SLIDING CONTACT BEARINGS:

    INTRODUCTION
    •Bearings are machine elements which are used
    to support a rotating member viz., a shaft. They
    transmit the load from a rotating member to a
    stationary member known as frame or housing.
    •They permit relative motion of two members in
    one or two directions with minimum friction, and
    also prevent the motion in the direction of the
    applied load.
    SLIDING CONTACT AND ROLLING
    CONTACT BEARINGS
    Classification of bearing
    The bearings are classified broadly into two categories
    based on the type of contact they have between the
    rotating and the stationary member

    a. Sliding contact
    b. Rolling contact

    The sliding contact bearings having surface contact and are


    coming under lower kinematic pair.
    SLIDING CONTACT BEARINGS - ADVANTAGES AND
    DISADVANTAGES

    • These bearings have certain advantages over the rolling


    contact bearings. They are:
    1. The design of the bearing and housing is simple.
    2. They occupy less radial space and are more compact.
    3. They cost less.
    4. The design of shaft is simple.
    5. They operate more silently.
    6. They have good shock load capacity.
    7. They are ideally suited for medium and high speed
    operation.
    The disadvantages are:

    1. The frictional power loss is more.


    2. They required good attention to lubrication.
    3. They are normally designed to carry radial
    load or axial load only.
    SLIDING CONTACT BEARINGS - CLASSIFICATION

    • Bearing classification based on type of load


    carried
    a. Radial bearings
    b. Thrust bearings or axial bearings
    c. Radial – thrust bearings
    Radial bearings
    These bearings carry only radial loads.
    Thrust or axial bearings
    These bearings carry only axial loads
    Radial thrust bearings
    These bearings carry both radial and thrust loads.
    Bearing classification based on type of lubrication

    • The type of lubrication means the extent to which


    the contacting surfaces are separated in a shaft
    bearing combination. This classification includes
    (a) Thick film lubrication (The film thickness is anywhere from 8 to 20
    μm. Typical values of coefficient of friction are 0.002 to 0.010.)

    (b) Thin film lubrication (The coefficient of friction commonly ranges


    from 0.004 to 0.10. )

    (c) Boundary lubrication( The typical coefficient of friction is 0.05 to 0.20.)


    Bearing classification based on type
    of lubrication
    Bearing classification based on lubrication
    mechanism

    a. Hydrodynamic lubricated bearings


    b. Hydrostatic lubricated bearings
    c. Elasto hydrodynamic lubricated bearings
    d. Boundary lubricated bearings
    e. Solid film lubricated bearings
    Hydrodynamic lubricated bearings

    • In these bearings the load-carrying surfaces


    are separated by a stable thick film of
    lubricant that prevents the metal-to-metal
    contact. The film pressure generated by the
    moving surfaces that force the lubricant
    through a wedge shaped zone. At sufficiently
    high speed the pressure developed around
    the journal sustains the load.
    Hydrodynamic lubricated bearings
    Hydrostatic lubricated bearings

    • In these bearings, externally pressurized


    lubricant is fed into the bearings to separate
    the surfaces with thick film of lubricant. These
    types of bearings do not require the motion of
    the surfaces to generate the lubricant film.
    Hence they can operate from very low speed
    to high speed.
    Hydrostatic lubricated bearings
    JOURNAL / SLEEVE BEARINGS

    • The radial bearings are also called journal or


    sleeve bearings. The portion of the shaft
    inside the bearing is called the journal and this
    portion needs better finish and specific
    property. Depending on the extent to which
    the bearing envelops the journal, these
    bearings are classified as full, partial and fitted
    bearings.
    Types of journal bearing
    Hydrodynamic lubrication

    • In 1883 Beauchamp Tower discovered that


    when a bearing is supplied with adequate oil,
    a pressure is developed in the clearance space
    when the journal rotates about an axis that is
    eccentric with the bearing axis. He exhibited
    that the load can be sustained by this fluid
    pressure without any contact between the
    two members.
    Hydrodynamic lubrication
    • The load carrying ability of a hydrodynamic bearing
    arises simply because a viscous fluid resists being
    pushed around. Under proper conditions, this
    resistance to motion will develop a pressure
    distribution in the film that can support useful load.
    Two mechanisms responsible for this are wedge film
    and squeeze film action.
    • The load supporting pressure in hydrodynamic
    bearings arises from either (1) the flow of a viscous
    fluid in a converging channel, the wedge film, or (2) the
    resistance of a viscous fluid to being squeezed out from
    the between approaching surface, the squeeze film.
    Stages in hydrodynamic lubrication
    Stages in hydrodynamic lubrication
    LUBRICANT FOR JOURNAL BEARING APPLICATION

    1. SAE 10 – spindle oil for light loaded bearings


    and high speeds.
    2. SAE 20 – 40 – Machine oil for bearings of IC
    engines, machine tools, turbines etc.
    3. SAE40-50 – Machine oil for diesel engines
    heavy load and medium speeds.
    4. SAE 60-70 – machine oil for high temperature,
    heavy load and low speeds.
    ISO Specification of Lubrication oils

    • Industrial fluid lubricants are commonly


    specified in terms of international standards,
    which appear as
    1. ASTM D 2422,
    2. American National Standard Z11.232,
    3. ISO Standard 3448.
    Ball and roller bearings
    • Introduction to Bearings
    Ball Bearings
    – Radial and Thrust loads
    Roller Bearings
    – Radial and Thrust loads
    Needle Bearings
    – Only radial loads
    Ball bearings
    Terminology
    – Outer ring, which contains the outer raceway
    – Inner ring, which contains the inner raceway
    – Complement of balls
    – Two-piece separator (also called cage or
    retainer)
    Types of ball bearings
    APPLICATIONS OF ROLLER BEARINGS
    • Tapered roller bearing (TRB):
    – TRB can take both radial and axial loads and used for gear boxes for heavy
    trucks, bevel-gear transmission, lathe spindles, etc.
    • Thrust ball bearing:
    – It can take only thrust loads.
    – Thrust ball bearing are used for heavy axial loads and low speeds.
    • Needle roller bearing:
    – It use small diameter of rollers. They are used for radial load at slow speed
    and oscillating motion.
    • They have the advantage of light weight and occupy small space.
    • They are used in aircraft industry, live tail stock centers, bench-drill spindles,
    etc.
    Needle bearing
    Ball Bearing assembly
    Ball bearings
    Ball bearing nomenclature
    Ball bearings
    Double row angular contact bearing
    2 piece inner-ring ball bearing
    Advantages
    – The maximum complement of balls makes for
    higher load carrying capacity.
    – The very deep ball raceway shoulder makes
    for high thrust-load capacity.
    – Thrust loads can be handled in both directions.
    Roller bearing
    • Because of the line contact, they can take greater
    loads
    • They also have more rolling resistance (0.0015
    for roller and 0.0008 for ball bearing)
    Types of roller bearings
    – Cylindrical
    – Tapered
    – Spherical
    Roller bearings
    Taper roller bearings
    Needle bearings
    • Use large number of small diameter rollers.
    • There is no space between rollers (needles).
    No cage required.
    • Drawn cup type is very thin and compact
    because of the design. Used for lighter loads.
    Needle bearings
    Cylindrical roller thrust bearing
    Advantages of journal bearings
    – Requires little radial space
    – Run quietly
    – Have a longer life span
    – Are less sensitive to contamination
    – Are less costly
    – Can better sustain shock loads
    – Requires less precise mounting
    – Are available in split halves

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