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    Theories of Place Making

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    Mitoko Sato
    Theories of place making and local development planning focuses on key elements for establishing livable environments, including unplanned community interactions and common experiences among residents. While urban planners envision environmental qualities, a gap exists between their visions and public interests. Postmodern planning calls for more open and democratic decision-making processes. True placemaking is community-driven, inclusive, and focuses on creating destinations through flexible and collaborative efforts, rather than top-down solutions. Key factors in dividing private and public spaces influence community relations and sense of place.

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    Theories of Place Making

    Uploaded by

    Mitoko Sato
    38 views25 pages
    Theories of place making and local development planning focuses on key elements for establishing livable environments, including unplanned community interactions and common experiences among residents. While urban planners envision environmental qualities, a gap exists between their visions and public interests. Postmodern planning calls for more open and democratic decision-making processes. True placemaking is community-driven, inclusive, and focuses on creating destinations through flexible and collaborative efforts, rather than top-down solutions. Key factors in dividing private and public spaces influence community relations and sense of place.

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    Theories of place making and local development planning focuses on key elements for establishing livable environments, including unplanned community interactions and common experiences among residents. While urban planners envision environmental qualities, a gap exists between their visions and public interests. Postmodern planning calls for more open and democratic decision-making processes. True placemaking is community-driven, inclusive, and focuses on creating destinations through flexible and collaborative efforts, rather than top-down solutions. Key factors in dividing private and public spaces influence community relations and sense of place.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    38 views25 pages

    Theories of Place Making

    Uploaded by

    Mitoko Sato
    Theories of place making and local development planning focuses on key elements for establishing livable environments, including unplanned community interactions and common experiences among residents. While urban planners envision environmental qualities, a gap exists between their visions and public interests. Postmodern planning calls for more open and democratic decision-making processes. True placemaking is community-driven, inclusive, and focuses on creating destinations through flexible and collaborative efforts, rather than top-down solutions. Key factors in dividing private and public spaces influence community relations and sense of place.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 25

    Theories of place making and local

    development planning
    Thorbjörg K. Kjartansdóttir

    NordPlus 2014
    The good life ...
    • Everywhere people are striving to analyse and define the good
    environment, where people feel good...
    • Wanting to plan, create and understand the good environment
    • We are looking at the physical factors and the social factors in the
    environment
    • Many agree on these following elements being important in the process
    of establishing the good environment in a local area:
    – What people create and nourish in an “ unplanned“ or “predicted“
    way
    – People that know things about each other- common experience
    Urban planners usually have
    very outspoken visions
    on environmental qualities that
    contribute to livability
    (e.g. Howard, 1898; Corbusier,
    1935; Jacobs, 1961;
    Dantzig and Saaty, 1973).
    Urban Livability
    • Physical factors: Impact of stress factors; noise, traffic, crowds, buildings,
    fear, pollution, natural disasters; earthquakes, landslides
    • And also something else ..
    • What is:
    • The good city?
    • The good place?
    • The good community?
    • Sustainable community?
    • The good life, quality life?

    • Are the concepts ‘livability’, ‘quality of life’, ‘quality of place’ and


    ‘sustainability’ related to the good life?

    Pacione (1990)
    Postmodernistic planning
    • An era or a social theory – a way of thinking and acting
    • Recognised: A gap exists between cultural trends, interests and values
    of the public and the planning processes which are currently in use
    • Democracy has weakness, politicians tend to focus their efforts on
    personal gratification instead of working for the people - Flyvbjerg
    • How a better society can merge forward with a more open structure
    and processes of decisions – L. Sandercock
    • But this is not enough, something else is needed
    • What?
    Communication - understanding
    • Structure of power and politics
    • Todays planners talk about and want to understand the
    disguised control that has influence on people‘s possibilites to
    plan and find ways to make their life better
    • Complicated relations between authority, the specialist and
    the public
    • Collaboration?

    The communicative process of social construction and


    knowledge...

    Philip Allmendinger 2. ed. 2009


    New power and movements
    • Today more open debate and discussion in movements and
    organisations
    • Difficulties occur when they try to survive within the existing system
    How to move on?
    • Participiation in planning is often under to much control of the existing
    system and planning structure
    • By methods that are put forward in
    collaborative planning
    To deal with the problem
    • Planners are both participating and planning
    • Who is responsible and for what? - that is one problem when you get involved
    • But the way foward is to focus on:
    Sustainability
    Economical factors Environment
    Local communities

    Patsy Healey; Making better places and Collaborative planning


    gulations
    Sustainability and communities not so
    simple...
    1. Within
    Often communities are planned in very specialized ways
    “ Gated communities “ for specific behavior, interest, age or other things
    Less tolerance for difference
    Crime gangs take over – or few people take all control
    2. Ouside
    People have relations all over, family, friends, work, interest
    global influences, climate, water, pollution
    3. Rights, law and rules
    Tax regulations, prices, have influence on choises people make for staying or not

    4. Large economic –cultural regions have influence on the smaller units

    New level –new legislation Place – governence


    e.g. open process in decissions along with more complicaded land use regulation
    The division of space

    • How we divide space influences the way we use space


    • Behavior and relations are shaped by the division of space by
    ownership, to private and public space
    Private property
    • Clear definition of area
    • Legal rights and rules
    • Personal space – space of the home
    • Home- intimate, close- homely.. More private today than before
    • Different from public space
    • Private –public space- ownership
    • Divsion of workers, family, citizens, guests, dwellers, owners
    • Who does it belong to and what does that mean? Who is part of the
    community – who is not?
    • NordPlus 2014: What about the homeless, unregistrated, the invisible?
    Personal space
    • Invisible balloon around us,
    • How we locate us in buses, classrooms etc.
    • Picture a bus or a bus stop filling up
    • A car/bicycle is a mobile personal balloon
    Public space
    • Not as important today as before?
    • Agora, plaza
    • Economical
    • Social, cultural
    • Political
    • There are possibilities in the public space for the development
    of experiences, trust, relations, knowledge, common interests -
    space- place –an organized frame?
    Behaviour differences in public and private
    spaces
    • Cultural,
    • race,
    • age,
    • gender,
    • Social class
    • Matters for relations in spatial and for social
    understanding
    Division of space and places
    • Private space -The home- less to do, less production, smaller
    • Public –private space has clear bounderies for administrative
    reasons, control and rights
    • Something in between?
    • The street, the sidewalk, half public - half private areas which
    are of importance, where people meet

    • Jane Jacobs ( 1961), Jan Gehl (1971),


    Communities and places
    In the sense of planning…
    Space becomes place when and where interactions, meaning experience and relations are placed

    IT TAKES A PLACE TO CREATE A COMMUNITY, AND A COMMUNITY TO CREATE A PLACE

    An effective Placemaking process capitalizes on a local community’s assets, inspiration, and potential,
    ultimately creating good public spaces that promote people’s health, happiness, and well being. When we
    asked visitors to pps.org what Placemaking means to them, responses suggested that this process is
    essential–even sacred–to people who truly care about the places in their lives.

    True Placemaking begins at the smallest scale.


    Pioneer
    Courthouse Kungstradgarden,Stockholm,
    Square, Sweden
    Portland, OR

    Luxembourg Gardens,
    Paris, France
    Reykjavik, Iceland

    .
    WHAT PLACEMAKING IS–AND WHAT IT ISN’T
    HTTP://WWW.PPS.ORG/REFERENCE/WHAT_IS_PLACEMAKING/

    • PLACEMAKING IS: • PLACEMAKING ISN’T:


    • Imposed from above
    • Community-driven • Reactive
    • Visionary • Design-driven
    • Function before form • A blanket solution
    • Adaptable • Exclusionary
    • Monolithic development
    • Inclusive • Overly accommodating of the car
    • Focused on creating destinations • One-size-fits-all
    • Flexible • Static
    • Culturally aware • Discipline-driven
    • Privatized
    • Ever changing • One-dimensional
    • Trans-disciplinary • Dependent on regulatory controls
    • Context-led • A cost/benefit analysis
    • Transformative • Project-focused
    • A quick fix
    • Inspiring
    • Collaborative
    • Sociable
    Planners should think about:

    Bls 215
    How planning can be:

    Bls 217
    Peter Hall: Urban and Regional Planning, 2002
    Patsy Healey: Collaborative Planning, Shaping places in Fragmented Societies, 2. ed.2006
    Patsy Healey: Collaborative Planning, Shaping places in Fragmented Societies, 2.2006
    Patsy Healey; Making Better Places, The Planning Project in the Twenty–First Century, 2010
    Robert Fishman, Urban Utopians: Ebinezer Howard, Frank Lloyd Wright and Le Corbusier,
    Readings in Planning Theory, 2003 Iris Marion Young¸City life and difference, í Readings in
    Planning Theory
    Jane Jacobs: The death and life of great american cities, 1989
    Project for Public Places: www.pps.org
    Ali Madanipour,: Public and private spaces of the city, 2003
    Leonie Sandercock, Towards Cosmopolis, 1998.
    Philip Allemendinger: Planning Theory, 2009 .
    http://www.goolarabooloo.org.au/lurujarri.html

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