DATA AND RESULTS:

Test for Acidity and Alkalinity

Reagents Theoretical Result Actual Result Interpretation Photodocumentation

Aspirin Blue to Red Base from the

(Acidic) acquired data, we
conclude that
Aspirin is acidic due
to its highly acidic
Red to Red
nature and the
Blue to Red
presence of H3O+
functional group.

Acetaminophen Blue to Red The results indicate

(acidic) that
acetaminophen is
acidic because of
its H3O+ group.
Red to Red
Blue to Red

Furosemide Blue to Red Base from the

(Acidic) acquired data, we
conclude that
furosemide is
highly acidic due to
Red to Red the changing of its
Blue to Red environment.

Theophylline Blue to Red Base from the

(Acidic) acquired data, we
conclude that
theophylline is
highly acidic due to
Red to Red the changing of its
Blue to Red environment.
Chlorobutanol Blue to Red Base from the
(acidic) acquired data, we
conclude that
chlorobutanol is an
acid because it has
Red to Red
an H3O+ functional
Blue to Red
group.

Caffeine Blue to Blue Blue to Blue Based from the

acquired data, we
conclude that
caffeine is not an
acid due to the -OH
functional group
present in its
structure.
 Test for Hydrogen and Oxygen

Reagents Theoretical Result Actual Result Interpretation Photodocumentation

Aspirin Formation of There is the

Formation of
moisture or water presence of
droplets of water
on cooler parts of droplets Hydrogen and
the tube shows the oxygen in the
presence of oxygen substance (air is
and hydrogen. displaced).

Acetaminophen Formation of There is the

moisture or water presence of
Formation of droplets Hydrogen and
droplets of water oxygen in the
on cooler parts of substance (air is
the tube shows the displaced).
presence of oxygen
and hydrogen

Furosemide Formation of There is the

moisture or water presence of
Formation of
droplets of water droplets Hydrogen and
on cooler parts of oxygen in the
the tube shows the substance (air is
presence of oxygen displaced).
and hydrogen

Theophylline Formation of There is the

Formation of moisture or water presence of
droplets of water droplets Hydrogen and
on cooler parts of oxygen in the
the tube shows the substance (air is
presence of oxygen displaced).
and hydrogen

Chlorobutanol Formation of Formation of There is the

droplets of water moisture or water presence of
on cooler parts of droplets Hydrogen and
the tube shows the oxygen in the
 presence of oxygen substance (air is
and hydrogen displaced).

Caffeine Formation of There is the

water droplets presence of
Formation of Hydrogen and
droplets of water oxygen in the
on cooler parts of substance (air is
the tube shows the displaced).
presence of oxygen
and hydrogen
 Test for Carbon

Reagents Theoretical Result Actual Result Interpretation Photodocumentation

Aspirin White Crystals The experiment

are formed at yielded a negative
the bottom of result indicating
Carbon is oxidized
the test tube. presence of
to carbon dioxide
Carbon in Aspirin.
which is indicated
by the formation
of a black or grey
precipitate.

Acetaminophen No reaction The experiment

yielded a negative
result indicating
presence of
Carbon is oxidized Carbon in
to carbon dioxide Acertaminophen.
which is indicated
by the formation
of a black or grey
precipitate.

Furosemide Black deposit The experiment

yielded a positive
result indicating
presence of
Carbon in
Furosemide.

Carbon is oxidized
to carbon dioxide
which is indicated
by the formation
of a black or grey
precipitate.
Theophylline Black deposit The experiment
yielded a negative
result indicating
Carbon is oxidized presence of
to carbon dioxide Carbon in
which is indicated Theophylline.
by the formation
of a black or grey
precipitate.

Chlorobutanol Milky white ppt. The presence of

Carbon is not
Carbon is oxidized evident based
to carbon dioxide from the
which is indicated conducted
by the formation experiment.
of a black or grey
precipitate.

Caffeine No reaction There is no

indication of
Carbon is oxidized Carbon present.
to carbon dioxide
which is indicated
by the formation
of a black or grey
precipitate.
 Test for Nitrogen
Reagents Theoretical Result Actual Result Interpretation Photodocumentation
Aspirin No reaction There is absence
of Nitrogen in
aspirin because
there is no change
in color from the
Red litmus has no
red litmus paper.
reaction.

Acetaminophen Red to Blue There is presence

if nitrogen in
Acetaminophen.
When
A positive result is
acetaminophen is
indicated when
heated with soda
red litmus turns to
lime (a mixture of
blue.
fused NaOH and
CaO) will liberate
ammonia gas.

Furosemide Red to Blue The presence of

nitrogen is evident
since the red
litmus paper
A positive result is turned blue.
indicated when (positive)
red litmus turns to
blue.
Theophylline Red to Blue Theophylline
yielded a positive
result with the
test for nitrogen
because of the
liberation of
A positive result is
ammonia gas.
indicated when
red litmus turns to
blue.

Chlorobutanol No reaction Chlorobutanol

does not contain
nitrogen in its
component
Red litmus has no because of the
reaction. negative result it
showed.

Caffeine No reaction Caffeine contains

Nitrogen since
there is no change
of color from the
A positive result is litmus paper.
indicated when
red litmus turns to
blue.

Test for Halogen: Beilsten Test

Reagents Theoretical Result Actual Result Interpretation Photodocumentation

Aspirin Red-orange Aspirin reacts

flame negatively for
Beilsten test

Red/orange flame
Acetaminophen Red flame Acetaminophen
reacts negatively
for Beilsten test
therefore does not
contain Halogens.
Red/orange flame

Furosemide Red flame Furosemide

exhibits a negative
response to Flame
test.
Red/orange flame

Theophylline Red flame The substance

does not react
positively to the
test, thus,
Red/orange flame indicating absence
of halogens.

Chlorobutanol Green flame Any Substance

which contains
Chlorine, Bromine
Must impart or Iodine in their
characteristic as their
green color component
imparts a green or
bluish green flame
in Beilsten test
Caffeine Orange flame Caffeine shows a
negative result to
Beilsten test

Red/orange flame
 Test For Halogen: With Soda Lime

Reagents Theoretical Result Actual Result Interpretation Photodocumentation

Aspirin White Precipitate Aspirin is positive

in this test
because of the
formation
White curdy formed,therefore
precipitate sodium halide and
chlorine is
present.

Acetaminophen Black Solution Acetaminophen

gives black
solution,therefore
no formation of
sodium halide
White curdy
precipitate

Furosemide White precipitate Furosemide

formed Sodium
halide and
presence of
White curdy Chlorine is
precipitate because of the
precipitate
formed.
Theophylline White-yellow jelly There is a
like substance/ formation of
precipitate Sodium halide and
presence of
White curdy Chlorine is
precipitate eveident because
of the precipitate
formed.

Chlorobutanol White Precipitate Chlorobutanol is

positive in this
test, because of
the formation of
White curdy White curdy
precipitate precipitate and
chlorine which
resembles sodium
halide.

Caffeine Yellow Color

Caffeine is
negative for this
White curdy test,Because there
precipitate is no formation of
white curdy
precipate.
 Test for Sulfur and Phosphorus
Reagents Theoretical Actual Result Interpretation Photodocumentation
Result
Aspirin Sulfur – White Sulfur-Black Aspirin
precipitate Solution showed negative
Phosphorus – Phosphorous- response for
Yellow Black solution sulphur and
precipitate phosphorus

Acetaminophen Sulfur – White Sulfur-Black Acetaminophen

precipitate Solution showed negative
Phosphorus – Phosphorous- response for
Yellow Black solutio sulphur and
precipitate phosphorus

Furosemide Sulfur – White White Furosemide

precipitate Precipitate showed a white
Phosphorus – precipitate.
Yellow
precipitate

Theophylline Sulfur-Black Theophylline

Sulfur – White Solution showed negative
precipitate Phosphorous- response for
Phosphorus – Black solutio sulphur and
Yellow phosphorus.
precipitate
 (Sulfur) (Phosphorous)

Chlorobutanol Sulfur – White Sulfur-brown Chlorobutanol

precipitate ring at junction showed negative
Phosphorus – Phosphorous- response for
Yellow White sulphur and
precipitate precipitate phosphorus

(Phosphorous) (Sulfur)
Caffeine Sulfur – White
precipitate
Phosphorus –
Yellow
precipitate

Millon’s Test
Reagents Theoretical Result Actual Result Interpretation Photodocumentation

Aspirin No reaction The absence of

Phenyl amino acids
Compounds with a
in aspirin is seen
hydroxybenzene
because it did not
radical react with
react with mercuric
Millon’s reagent to
sulphate in
form a red colored
sulphuric acid
complex.
(Millon’s reagent).

Acetaminophen Violet solution There is the

absence of Phenols
in acetaminophen
Compounds with a
because it yielded a
hydroxybenzene
negative response
radical react with
in Millon’s test.
Millon’s reagent to
form a red colored
complex.

Furosemide Light yellow Furosemide shows

solution a negative
Compounds with a
response in
hydroxybenzene
Millon’s test.
radical react with
Millon’s reagent to
form a red colored
complex.
Theophylline Slightly Yellowish Theophylline does
color solution not contain
tyrosine which is
Compounds with a
proven by the
hydroxybenzene
absence of
radical react with
mercuric fumarate
Millon’s reagent to
for which gives
form a red colored
pinkish or red
complex.
coloured
compound.

Chlorobutanol Yellow solution Chlorobutanol

employed a
Compounds with a negative solution in
hydroxybenzene Millon’s test.
radical react with
Millon’s reagent to
form a red colored
complex.

Caffeine Light Yellow Caffeine show a

(almost clear) negative result with
Compounds with a Millon’s test
hydroxybenzene indicating the
radical react with absence of Phenols.
Millon’s reagent to
form a red colored
complex.
 Ferric Chloride Test
Reagents Theoretical Result Actual Result Interpretation Photodocumentation
Aspirin Violet Solution Aspirin when
mixed with Ferric
Chloride should
not react to form
a violet solution.
Blue/purple/violet/green However, impure
or red brown color Acetyl salicylic
acid and salicylic
acid reacts with
ferric chloride to
form a violet
solution.
Acetaminophen Dark Blue color Ferric Chloride
reacts with
Phenol to form
Iron-phenol
complex which
gives the purple
Blue/purple/violet/green
color therefore
or red brown color
indicating a
positive result
with
acetaminophen.

Furosemide Reddish Furosemide show

Solution a positive
response to this
test because the
ferric chloride
Blue/purple/violet/green reacts with
or red brown color Phenol to form
Iron-phenol
complex which
gives the purple
color.
Theophylline Yellow-brown The substance
color solution Theophylline
shows a negative
result in Ferric
Chloride test, this
Blue/purple/violet/green concludes that it
or red brown color does not contain
phenols.

Chlorobutanol Yellow-brown Chlorobutanol

color solution shows a negative
result in Ferric
Chloride test, this
concludes that it
Blue/purple/violet/green does not contain
or red brown color phenols.

Caffeine Orange Color Caffeine shows a

negative result in
Ferric Chloride
test, this
Blue/purple/violet/green
concludes that it
or red brown color
does not contain
phenols.