T E S - A 2010: HE Mployment Ituation Ugust

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-10-1212
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, September 3, 2010
Technical information:
Household data: (202) 691-6378 • [email protected] • www.bls.gov/cps
Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • [email protected] • www.bls.gov/ces
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • [email protected]
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION – AUGUST 2010
Nonfarm payroll employment changed little (-54,000) in August, and the unemployment rate was
about unchanged at 9.6 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Government
employment fell, as 114,000 temporary workers hired for the decennial census completed their work.
Private-sector payroll employment continued to trend up modestly (+67,000).
Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month
August 2008 – August 2010 change, seasonally adjusted, August 2008 –
August 2010
Percent Thousands
11.0 600
10.0 400
9.0 200
8.0 0
7.0 -200
6.0 -400
5.0 -600
4.0 -800
Aug-08 Nov-08 Feb-09 May-09 Aug-09 Nov-09 Feb-10 May-10 Aug-10 Aug-08 Nov-08 Feb-09 May-09 Aug-09 Nov-09 Feb-10 May-10 Aug-10
Household Survey Data
The number of unemployed persons (14.9 million) and the unemployment rate (9.6 percent) were
little changed in August. From May through August, the jobless rate remained in the range of 9.5 to 9.7
percent. (See table A-1.)
Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for adult men (9.8 percent), adult women
(8.0 percent), teenagers (26.3 percent), whites (8.7 percent), blacks (16.3 percent), and Hispanics (12.0
percent) showed little change in August. The jobless rate for Asians was 7.2 percent, not seasonally
adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)
The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks and over) declined by 323,000 over
the month to 6.2 million. In August, 42.0 percent of unemployed persons had been jobless for 27 weeks
or more. (See table A-12.)
In August, the civilian labor force participation rate (64.7 percent) and the employment-population
ratio (58.5 percent) were essentially unchanged. (See table A-1.)
The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as
involuntary part-time workers) increased by 331,000 over the month to 8.9 million. These individuals
were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-
time job. (See table A-8.)
About 2.4 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force in August, little changed from
a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force,
wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They
were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the
survey. (See table A-16.)
Among the marginally attached, there were 1.1 million discouraged workers in August, an increase of
352,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not
currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.3
million persons marginally attached to the labor force had not searched for work in the 4 weeks
preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities.
Establishment Survey Data
Total nonfarm payroll employment was little changed (-54,000) in August. Government employment
fell by 121,000, reflecting the departure of 114,000 temporary Census 2010 workers from federal
government payrolls. Total private employment continued to trend up modestly over the month
(+67,000). Since its most recent low in December 2009, private-sector employment has risen by
763,000. (See table B-1.)
Employment in health care increased by 28,000 in August, with the largest gains occurring in
ambulatory health care services (+17,000) and hospitals (+9,000). Thus far in 2010, the health care
industry has added an average of 20,000 jobs per month, about in line with the average monthly job
growth in 2009.
Mining employment rose by 8,000 in August. Since a recent low in October 2009, employment in the
industry has increased by 72,000. Support activities for mining has accounted for about three-fourths of
the gain.
Manufacturing employment declined by 27,000 over the month. A decline in motor vehicles and parts
(-22,000) offset a gain of similar magnitude in July as the industry departed somewhat from its usual
layoff and recall pattern for annual retooling.
Within professional and business services, employment in temporary help services was up by 17,000.
This industry has added 392,000 jobs since a recent employment low in September 2009.
-2-
Construction employment was up (+19,000) in August. This change partially reflected the return to
payrolls of 10,000 workers who were on strike in July.
Employment in retail trade was about unchanged over the month. A job gain among motor vehicle and
parts dealers (+8,000) was essentially offset by losses in building materials and garden supply stores
(-6,000).
Employment in other private-sector industries, including wholesale trade, transportation and

warehousing, information, financial activities, and leisure and hospitality, showed little change in
August.
Over the month, government employment fell by 121,000, largely reflecting the loss of 114,000
temporary workers hired for Census 2010. The number of temporary Census 2010 workers peaked in
May at 564,000 but has declined to 82,000 in August.
The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged over the month
at 34.2 hours. The manufacturing workweek for all employees increased by 0.1 hour to 40.2 hours, and
factory overtime was up by 0.1 hour. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory
employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour to 33.5 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)
Average hourly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 6 cents, or 0.3
percent, to $22.66 in August. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 1.7
percent. In August, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory
employees increased by 3 cents, or 0.2 percent, to $19.08. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)
The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for June was revised from -221,000 to -175,000, and
the change for July was revised from -131,000 to -54,000.
The Employment Situation for September is scheduled to be released on Friday, October 8, 2010,
at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).
-3-
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Change from:
Aug. June July Aug.
Category July 2010-
2009 2010 2010 2010
Aug. 2010
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236,087 237,690 237,890 238,099 209
Civilian labor force...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...................... . 154,426 153,741 153,560 154,110 550
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.4 64.7 64.6 64.7 0.1
Employed................................................................... . 139,433 139,119 138,960 139,250 290
Employment-population ratio.......................................... . 59.1 58.5 58.4 58.5 0.1
Unemployed................................................................ . 14,993 14,623 14,599 14,860 261
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7 9.5 9.5 9.6 0.1
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,661 83,949 84,330 83,989 -341
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7 9.5 9.5 9.6 0.1
Adult men (20 years and over)............................................. . 10.2 9.9 9.7 9.8 0.1
Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.0 0.1
Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.7 25.7 26.1 26.3 0.2
White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 8.6 8.6 8.7 0.1
Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.2 15.4 15.6 16.3 0.7
Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................ . 7.5 7.7 8.2 7.2 –
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................ . 13.0 12.4 12.1 12.0 -0.1
Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4 8.2 8.1 8.3 0.2
Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.5 14.1 13.8 14.0 0.2
High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.8 10.8 10.1 10.3 0.2
Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 8.2 8.3 8.7 0.4
Bachelor’s degree and higher. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 4.4 4.5 4.6 0.1
Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,814 9,114 9,125 9,305 180
Job leavers................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . 835 900 900 874 -26
Reentrants....................................................................... . 3,294 3,308 3,393 3,411 18
New entrants.................................................................... . 1,096 1,140 1,188 1,259 71
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,992 2,769 2,839 2,760 -79
5 to 14 weeks................................................................... . 4,093 3,121 3,060 3,635 575
15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,825 2,208 2,151 2,235 84
27 weeks and over........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,024 6,751 6,572 6,249 -323
Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,077 8,627 8,529 8,860 331
Slack work or business conditions......................................... . 6,895 6,165 6,119 6,380 261
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,065 2,101 2,246 2,347 101
Part time for noneconomic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,768 17,870 18,157 18,558 401
Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)
Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,270 2,591 2,622 2,370 –
Discouraged workers... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 758 1,207 1,185 1,110 –
- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not
necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with
the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Aug. June July Aug.

Category 2009 2010 2010p 2010p
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -212 -175 -54 -54
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -215 61 107 67
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -130 1 37 0
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -9 6 7 8
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -64 -9 -4 19
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -57 4 34 -27
Durable goods1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -46 7 33 -24
Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -8.4 -5.1 22.3 -21.6
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -11 -3 1 -3
Private service-providing1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -85 60 70 67
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -8.7 4.7 8.3 4.1
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -15.3 -16.2 7.4 -4.9
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -1.1 12.1 11.6 -7.4
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -9 -14 4 -1
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -24 -11 -11 -4
Professional and business services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -34 33 -3 20
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -15.7 18.6 -0.9 16.8
Education and health services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 30 34 45
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.0 22.6 29.6 40.2
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -18 30 11 13
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -9 -7 10 3
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 -236 -161 -121
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2
Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.9 49.7 49.7 49.7
Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.4 48.2 48.2 48.2
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.3 82.4 82.4 82.4
HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.8 34.1 34.2 34.2
Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 22.28 $ 22.55 $ 22.60 $ 22.66
Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 753.06 $ 768.96 $ 772.92 $ 774.97
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.1 92.0 92.4 92.4
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.2 -0.2 0.4 0.0
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.8 99.0 99.6 99.9
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 -0.2 0.6 0.3
HOURS AND EARNINGS
PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.1 33.4 33.4 33.5
Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 18.69 $ 19.02 $ 19.05 $ 19.08
Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 618.64 $ 635.27 $ 636.27 $ 639.18
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.0 99.1 99.2 99.5
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.3
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.3 125.9 126.2 126.9
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.6
DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)5
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.9 53.7 56.7 53.0
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.2 48.8 53.0 47.0
1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing
industries.
3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average
aggregate weekly payrolls.
5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance
between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
p Preliminary
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates
Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment
and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller
margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its
much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically
significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the
household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the
establishment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural
workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household
survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the
establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it
is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not
collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify
the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born.
Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating
additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates.
The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding
2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.
On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors
estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records.
The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more informa-
tion on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm.
Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with
fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the
total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled
to achieve that goal.
Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?
Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment
change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that
forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the
net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not
immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth
of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new
businesses to the survey twice a year.
Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance
benefits?
No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who
are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed.
(People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement
or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.
Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work?
Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including
those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In
addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (discouraged workers and other groups not
officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in The Employment Situation news release.
Technical Note
This news release presents statistics from two major The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and
surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or
and the Current Employment Statistics survey (estab- unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment
lishment survey). The household survey provides informa- rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor
tion on the labor force, employment, and unemployment force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force
that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD as a percent of the population, and the employment-popu-
DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households lation ratio is the employed as a percent of the population.
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau Additional information about the household survey can be
of Labor Statistics (BLS). found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.
The establishment survey provides information on
employment, hours, and earnings of employees on non- Establishment survey. The sample establishments are
farm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories,
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local
month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricul- government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are
tural business establishments. The sample includes about those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
140,000 businesses and government agencies representing period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are
approximately 410,000 worksites and is drawn from a sam- counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are
pling frame of roughly 8.9 million unemployment insurance produced for the private sector for all employees and for
tax accounts. The active sample includes approximately production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and
one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and
For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a related employees in manufacturing and mining and
particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the logging, construction workers in construction, and non-
reference period is generally the calendar week that supervisory employees in private service-providing in-
contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment dustries.
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the Industries are classified on the basis of an estab-
12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the lishment's principal activity in accordance with the 2007
calendar week. version of the North American Industry Classification
System. Additional information about the establishment
Coverage, definitions, and differences between survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical.
surveys
Differences in employment estimates. The num-
Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect erous conceptual and methodological differences between
the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on the household and establishment surveys result in impor-
responses to a series of questions on work and job search tant distinctions in the employment estimates derived from
activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample the surveys. Among these are:
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in
 The household survey includes agricultural
the labor force.
workers, the self-employed, unpaid family
People are classified as employed if they did any work
workers, and private household workers among the
at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked
employed. These groups are excluded from the
in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or
establishment survey.
worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or
farm. People are also counted as employed if they were  The household survey includes people on unpaid
temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad leave among the employed. The establishment
weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal survey does not.
reasons.
People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of  The household survey is limited to workers 16
the following criteria: they had no employment during the years of age and older. The establishment survey is
reference week; they were available for work at that time; not limited by age.
and they made specific efforts to find employment
 The household survey has no duplication of
sometime during the 4-week period ending with the
individuals, because individuals are counted only
reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting
once, even if they hold more than one job. In the
recall need not be looking for work to be counted as
establishment survey, employees working at more
unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the
than one job and thus appearing on more than one
household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for
payroll are counted separately for each appearance.
or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.
Seasonal adjustment error. When a sample rather than the entire population is
surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may
Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor differ from the "true" population values they represent. The
force and the levels of employment and unemployment exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the
undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may particular sample selected, and this variability is measured
result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-
and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate
seasonal variation can be very large. based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-
series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal percent level of confidence.
variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal For example, the confidence interval for the monthly
developments, such as declines in employment or increases change in total nonfarm employment from the
in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus
spot. For example, in the household survey, the large 100,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment
number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-
to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative percent confidence interval on the monthly change would
to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of range from -50,000 to +150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,000).
economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by
establishment survey, payroll employment in education these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within
and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the this interval. Since this range includes values of less than
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm
seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however,
the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval
discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least
more useful tool with which to analyze changes in month- a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact,
to-month economic activity. risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5
Many seasonally adjusted series are independently percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly
adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. change in unemployment as measured by the household
However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, survey is about +/- 280,000, and for the monthly change in
such as total payroll employment, employment in most the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.19 percentage point.
major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are In general, estimates involving many individuals or
computed by aggregating independently adjusted establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the
component series. For example, total unemployment is size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a
derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age- small number of observations. The precision of estimates
sex components; this differs from the unemployment also is improved when the data are cumulated over time,
estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the such as for quarterly and annual averages.
total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more The household and establishment surveys are also
detailed age categories. affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many
For both the household and establishment surveys, a reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in population, inability to obtain information for all
which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of
all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current respondents to provide correct information on a timely
month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in
used to adjust only the current month's data. In the the collection or processing of the data.
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are For example, in the establishment survey, estimates
used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete
estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive
seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample
revisions to historical data are made once a year. reports have been received, that the estimate is considered
final.
Another major source of nonsampling error in the
Reliability of the estimates establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely
basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for
Statistics based on the household and establishment this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an
surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling estimation procedure with two components is used to
account for business births. The first component excludes universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
employment losses from business deaths from sample- administrative records of the unemployment insurance
based estimation in order to offset the missing employment program. The difference between the March sample-based
gains from business births. This is incorporated into the employment estimates and the March universe counts is
sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough
sample units going out of business, but imputing to them proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also
the same employment trend as the other firms in the incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over
sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total
birth/death employment. nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a
The second component is an ARIMA time series range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent.
model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death
employment not accounted for by the imputation. The Other information
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA
model was derived from the unemployment insurance
Information in this release will be made available to
universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone:
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
The sample-based estimates from the establishment
survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1
Employment status, sex, and age Aug. July Aug. Aug. Apr. May June July Aug.
2009 2010 2010 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236,087 237,890 238,099 236,087 237,329 237,499 237,690 237,890 238,099
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154,897 155,270 154,678 154,426 154,715 154,393 153,741 153,560 154,110
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.6 65.3 65.0 65.4 65.2 65.0 64.7 64.6 64.7
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,074 140,134 139,919 139,433 139,455 139,420 139,119 138,960 139,250
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.3 58.9 58.8 59.1 58.8 58.7 58.5 58.4 58.5
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,823 15,137 14,759 14,993 15,260 14,973 14,623 14,599 14,860
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 9.7 9.5 9.7 9.9 9.7 9.5 9.5 9.6
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,190 82,620 83,421 81,661 82,614 83,107 83,949 84,330 83,989
Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,728 6,143 6,083 5,609 5,951 5,734 5,895 5,886 5,972
Men, 16 years and over
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,341 74,749 74,592 73,436 73,548 73,639 73,375 73,454 73,608
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,363 8,323 8,093 9,031 8,905 8,606 8,642 8,507 8,691
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,728 72,068 72,215 71,142 71,358 71,477 71,316 71,332 71,521
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,403 7,287 7,211 8,055 7,998 7,760 7,793 7,638 7,811
Women, 16 years and over
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,733 65,385 65,327 65,997 65,907 65,781 65,743 65,506 65,642
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,460 6,814 6,666 5,962 6,355 6,367 5,981 6,092 6,169
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,091 62,775 62,845 63,552 63,552 63,505 63,516 63,314 63,356
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,739 5,942 5,921 5,295 5,712 5,623 5,343 5,433 5,488
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,255 5,290 4,859 4,740 4,544 4,438 4,286 4,315 4,373
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,680 1,907 1,627 1,643 1,550 1,590 1,486 1,528 1,561
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
Employment status, race, sex, and age Aug. July Aug. Aug. Apr. May June July Aug.
2009 2010 2010 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010
WHITE
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,173 115,183 114,941 114,784 114,484 114,359 114,163 114,300 114,470
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,118 10,969 10,769 11,254 11,295 11,070 10,797 10,760 10,893
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,896 60,213 60,221 59,514 59,504 59,639 59,561 59,662 59,738
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,610 5,389 5,381 6,126 6,052 5,780 5,788 5,750 5,852
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,763 50,429 50,548 51,211 51,123 50,981 50,971 50,943 50,979
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,207 4,205 4,203 3,825 4,061 4,081 3,911 3,875 3,869
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,513 4,540 4,173 4,060 3,857 3,739 3,630 3,695 3,752
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,300 1,375 1,184 1,303 1,183 1,209 1,097 1,135 1,172
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,005 15,059 15,052 14,914 14,985 15,189 15,036 14,896 14,967
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,653 3,007 2,939 2,682 2,966 2,794 2,732 2,755 2,911
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,682 6,749 6,813 6,569 6,668 6,782 6,656 6,667 6,687
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,269 1,339 1,318 1,344 1,462 1,402 1,406 1,337 1,395
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,833 7,854 7,835 7,885 7,894 7,977 7,998 7,847 7,902
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,124 1,307 1,288 1,091 1,252 1,128 1,072 1,157 1,202
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 749 817 737 708 675 694 636 643 693
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489 456 404 460 423 430 382 382 379
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 361 332 247 252 263 254 261 314
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,931 11,200 11,265 – – – – – –
See footnotes at end of table.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued
Employment status, race, sex, and age Aug. July Aug. Aug. Apr. May June July Aug.
2009 2010 2010 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,252 7,342 7,311 – – – – – –
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.3 65.6 64.9 – – – – – –
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,709 6,742 6,783 – – – – – –
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.4 60.2 60.2 – – – – – –
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542 601 528 – – – – – –
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 8.2 7.2 – – – – – –
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,679 3,857 3,955 – – – – – –
- Data not available.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced
annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
Employment status, sex, and age Aug. July Aug. Aug. Apr. May June July Aug.
2009 2010 2010 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,017 33,747 33,836 33,017 33,498 33,578 33,662 33,747 33,836
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,417 22,908 22,832 22,320 22,684 22,789 22,674 22,738 22,729
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.9 67.9 67.5 67.6 67.7 67.9 67.4 67.4 67.2
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,511 20,110 20,116 19,411 19,850 19,953 19,854 19,987 20,002
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.1 59.6 59.5 58.8 59.3 59.4 59.0 59.2 59.1
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,906 2,798 2,716 2,908 2,834 2,836 2,820 2,751 2,726
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.0 12.2 11.9 13.0 12.5 12.4 12.4 12.1 12.0
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,599 10,839 11,004 10,697 10,814 10,789 10,989 11,009 11,107
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,788 13,065 13,049 – – – – – –
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.2 83.2 82.8 – – – – – –
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,209 11,735 11,694 – – – – – –
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.0 74.7 74.2 – – – – – –
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,578 1,330 1,355 – – – – – –
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 10.2 10.4 – – – – – –
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,536 7,599 7,708 – – – – – –
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 934 1,050 1,010 – – – – – –
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 766 775 714 – – – – – –
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394 418 351 – – – – – –
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release
of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Educational attainment Aug. July Aug. Aug. Apr. May June July Aug.
2009 2010 2010 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010
Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,240 11,823 11,750 12,323 12,122 12,133 12,095 12,048 11,819
Participation rate................................... . 47.0 46.4 46.1 47.4 46.4 45.8 45.4 47.3 46.4
Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . 10,433 10,286 10,189 10,414 10,335 10,319 10,391 10,390 10,165
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.1 40.4 40.0 40.0 39.5 39.0 39.0 40.8 39.9
Unemployed........................................ . 1,807 1,538 1,562 1,909 1,787 1,814 1,704 1,658 1,654
Unemployment rate............................. . 14.8 13.0 13.3 15.5 14.7 15.0 14.1 13.8 14.0
High school graduates, no college1
Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . 34,391 33,844 34,458 34,324 34,728 34,251 33,993 34,113 34,373
Unemployed........................................ . 3,535 3,739 3,698 3,749 4,120 4,182 4,114 3,829 3,940
Some college or associate degree
Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . 33,485 33,715 33,751 33,645 33,535 33,780 33,579 33,652 33,850
Unemployed........................................ . 3,103 3,169 3,323 3,022 3,017 3,052 3,007 3,061 3,218
Bachelor’s degree and higher2
Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. . 43,495 43,725 43,460 43,650 43,642 43,581 44,200 43,924 43,582
Unemployed........................................ . 2,373 2,317 2,273 2,167 2,237 2,136 2,046 2,091 2,094
1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,
and sex, not seasonally adjusted
Total Men Women
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug.
2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010
VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,137 21,965 20,378 20,176 1,759 1,789
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,063 11,910 10,916 10,783 1,147 1,127
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.5 54.2 53.6 53.4 65.2 63.0
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,130 10,871 10,065 9,828 1,065 1,043
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.3 49.5 49.4 48.7 60.5 58.3
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 933 1,039 851 955 82 84
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7 8.7 7.8 8.9 7.1 7.4
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,074 10,055 9,462 9,393 612 662
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,947 2,181 1,581 1,780 366 401
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,644 1,854 1,354 1,576 290 278
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,459 1,679 1,201 1,428 257 252
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 175 153 149 33 26
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302 327 227 204 76 123
Gulf War-era I veterans
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,490 2,333 2,131 2,031 358 302
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 185 166 164 27 21
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344 437 249 321 95 116
World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,930 3,593 3,817 3,502 113 91
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 393 298 387 12 6
Veterans of other service periods
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,252 3,266 2,916 2,868 337 398
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 286 235 255 10 31
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205,074 207,255 89,360 90,634 115,714 116,621
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,266 140,472 70,433 70,744 69,833 69,728
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,995 127,411 63,285 63,956 63,710 63,455
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,271 13,061 7,148 6,788 6,123 6,273
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,807 66,783 18,927 19,890 45,881 46,892
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S.
Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August
2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time
periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and
another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally
adjusted
Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
Employment status, sex, and age Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug.
2009 2010 2009 2010
TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... . 26,993 26,045 209,094 212,054
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,989 5,738 148,907 148,940
Participation rate..................................................................... . 22.2 22.0 71.2 70.2
Employed............................................................................. . 4,978 4,841 135,096 135,078
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.4 18.6 64.6 63.7
Unemployed.......................................................................... . 1,011 897 13,811 13,863
Unemployment rate............................................................... . 16.9 15.6 9.3 9.3
Not in labor force....................................................................... . 21,003 20,307 60,186 63,114
Men, 16 to 64 years
Employed............................................................................. . 2,198 2,243 68,767 68,885
Unemployed.......................................................................... . 534 439 7,578 7,360
Women, 16 to 64 years
Employed............................................................................. . 2,012 1,844 60,976 60,687
Unemployed.......................................................................... . 396 381 5,868 6,088
Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 850 831 5,718 5,920
Employed............................................................................. . 768 754 5,353 5,506
Unemployed.......................................................................... . 82 77 365 415
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing
even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition;
has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or
shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
Total Men Women
Employment status and nativity Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug.
2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010
Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,312 36,347 17,683 18,237 17,629 18,110
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,142 24,644 14,314 14,616 9,828 10,028
Participation rate..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 68.4 67.8 80.9 80.1 55.8 55.4
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,695 22,415 12,847 13,360 8,847 9,055
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.4 61.7 72.7 73.3 50.2 50.0
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,447 2,229 1,466 1,256 981 974
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1 9.0 10.2 8.6 10.0 9.7
Not in labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,170 11,703 3,370 3,621 7,800 8,082
Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200,774 201,752 96,604 97,080 104,170 104,672
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,755 130,034 68,391 68,069 62,364 61,965
Participation rate..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.1 64.5 70.8 70.1 59.9 59.2
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118,379 117,504 61,494 61,232 56,885 56,272
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.0 58.2 63.7 63.1 54.6 53.8
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,375 12,530 6,897 6,837 5,479 5,693
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 9.6 10.1 10.0 8.8 9.2
Not in labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,020 71,718 28,213 29,011 41,806 42,708
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or
one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the
United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated
population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Aug. July Aug. Aug. Apr. May June July Aug.
2009 2010 2010 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,241 2,416 2,327 2,095 2,254 2,228 2,120 2,192 2,188
Wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,368 1,485 1,409 1,252 1,397 1,363 1,289 1,329 1,300
Self-employed workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 847 884 886 821 823 821 808 825 855
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 47 31 – – – – – –
Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137,833 137,717 137,592 137,285 137,199 137,207 136,857 136,599 136,974
Wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128,493 128,707 128,656 128,168 128,183 128,197 127,900 127,881 128,314
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,665 20,326 20,062 21,124 21,440 21,270 21,242 20,978 20,575
Private industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107,828 108,381 108,595 107,094 106,706 106,906 106,740 106,869 107,760
Private households........................... . 859 692 678 – – – – – –
Other industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106,969 107,689 107,916 106,273 105,977 106,204 106,065 106,270 107,118
Self-employed workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,269 8,927 8,884 9,032 8,910 8,952 8,889 8,779 8,678
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 83 52 – – – – – –
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1
All industries
Part time for economic reasons2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,835 8,737 8,628 9,077 9,152 8,809 8,627 8,529 8,860
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,497 5,994 6,031 6,895 6,268 6,143 6,165 6,119 6,380
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,917 2,360 2,183 2,065 2,489 2,326 2,101 2,246 2,347
Part time for noneconomic reasons3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,921 16,635 16,888 18,768 18,140 17,929 17,870 18,157 18,558
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,712 8,610 8,509 8,946 9,049 8,661 8,472 8,386 8,730
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,406 5,907 5,953 6,797 6,213 6,041 6,074 6,018 6,304
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,900 2,346 2,159 2,046 2,486 2,306 2,086 2,192 2,320
Part time for noneconomic reasons3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,590 16,313 16,546 18,383 17,798 17,627 17,580 17,774 18,161
1 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the
entire week.
2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions,
inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
3 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training,
retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during
the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of
the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
Characteristic Aug. July Aug. Aug. Apr. May June July Aug.
2009 2010 2010 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010
AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,074 140,134 139,919 139,433 139,455 139,420 139,119 138,960 139,250
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,255 5,290 4,859 4,740 4,544 4,438 4,286 4,315 4,373
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,949 1,698 1,637 1,694 1,453 1,429 1,380 1,345 1,402
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,306 3,591 3,223 3,043 3,073 2,992 2,899 2,984 2,975
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134,819 134,844 135,060 134,693 134,911 134,982 134,833 134,646 134,877
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,015 13,275 13,202 12,714 12,509 12,818 12,698 12,670 12,838
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,804 121,569 121,858 122,042 122,352 122,203 122,263 122,109 122,074
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94,896 93,780 94,027 94,903 94,487 94,227 94,270 94,062 94,005
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,018 30,405 30,429 29,951 30,208 30,162 30,157 30,278 30,318
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,445 30,470 30,612 31,444 30,874 30,844 30,772 30,604 30,584
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,433 32,906 32,986 33,507 33,405 33,221 33,341 33,180 33,104
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,908 27,789 27,831 27,140 27,865 27,976 27,993 28,047 28,069
Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,341 74,749 74,592 73,436 73,548 73,639 73,375 73,454 73,608
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,613 2,680 2,377 2,294 2,189 2,162 2,059 2,122 2,087
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 991 905 808 833 698 679 631 667 667
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,622 1,776 1,569 1,464 1,500 1,479 1,434 1,472 1,428
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,728 72,068 72,215 71,142 71,358 71,477 71,316 71,332 71,521
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,723 6,857 6,857 6,483 6,357 6,565 6,473 6,434 6,571
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,005 65,211 65,358 64,685 64,945 64,922 64,862 64,937 64,952
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,842 50,624 50,750 50,501 50,363 50,317 50,264 50,340 50,321
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,376 16,616 16,689 16,219 16,370 16,272 16,274 16,403 16,478
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,925 16,702 16,725 16,822 16,661 16,686 16,649 16,644 16,601
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,541 17,306 17,336 17,460 17,332 17,359 17,341 17,293 17,242
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,163 14,588 14,608 14,184 14,582 14,605 14,598 14,597 14,631
Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,733 65,385 65,327 65,997 65,907 65,781 65,743 65,506 65,642
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,642 2,609 2,482 2,446 2,355 2,275 2,227 2,192 2,286
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 958 794 829 861 755 750 749 678 735
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,685 1,816 1,654 1,579 1,573 1,513 1,466 1,512 1,547
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,091 62,775 62,845 63,552 63,552 63,505 63,516 63,314 63,356
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,292 6,418 6,345 6,231 6,152 6,253 6,225 6,236 6,267
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,799 56,358 56,500 57,358 57,407 57,282 57,401 57,172 57,122
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,053 43,157 43,277 44,402 44,124 43,910 44,006 43,722 43,684
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,642 13,789 13,740 13,732 13,837 13,890 13,882 13,875 13,840
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,520 13,768 13,887 14,623 14,213 14,158 14,123 13,960 13,983
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,892 15,600 15,650 16,047 16,073 15,862 16,000 15,887 15,862
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,746 13,201 13,223 12,956 13,283 13,371 13,396 13,450 13,438
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,859 43,367 43,512 43,847 43,205 43,322 43,333 43,369 43,433
Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,672 33,886 33,721 35,151 34,643 34,238 34,332 34,304 34,213
Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,777 8,829 8,714 – – – – – –
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,863 113,974 113,508 112,117 112,091 112,716 112,646 112,076 111,822
Part-time workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,211 26,160 26,411 27,636 27,167 26,750 26,755 27,082 27,705
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,772 6,579 6,515 7,079 7,029 7,239 7,002 6,546 6,814
Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 4.7 4.7 5.1 5.0 5.2 5.0 4.7 4.9
1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated
population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons Unemployment rates
Characteristic (in thousands)
Aug. July Aug. Aug. Apr. May June July Aug.
2009 2010 2010 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010
AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,993 14,599 14,860 9.7 9.9 9.7 9.5 9.5 9.6
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,643 1,528 1,561 25.7 25.4 26.4 25.7 26.1 26.3
16 to 17 years................................... . 612 586 643 26.5 29.2 29.8 29.2 30.4 31.4
18 to 19 years................................... . 1,023 924 933 25.2 24.1 24.6 24.0 23.6 23.9
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,350 13,072 13,299 9.0 9.2 9.0 8.9 8.8 9.0
20 to 24 years................................... . 2,270 2,345 2,249 15.1 17.2 14.7 15.3 15.6 14.9
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,124 10,784 11,062 8.4 8.3 8.4 8.2 8.1 8.3
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,113 8,684 8,782 8.8 8.7 8.7 8.5 8.5 8.5
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,483 3,336 3,287 10.4 10.2 10.5 10.3 9.9 9.8
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,802 2,659 2,564 8.2 8.1 8.1 7.8 8.0 7.7
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,827 2,689 2,931 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.5 7.5 8.1
55 years and over............................ . 1,983 2,066 2,215 6.8 7.0 7.1 6.9 6.9 7.3
Men, 16 years and over.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,031 8,507 8,691 11.0 10.8 10.5 10.5 10.4 10.6
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 976 869 880 29.9 29.3 28.1 29.2 29.0 29.7
16 to 17 years................................... . 350 321 328 29.6 32.2 32.4 32.8 32.5 33.0
18 to 19 years................................... . 625 535 558 29.9 27.8 26.3 27.4 26.7 28.1
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,055 7,638 7,811 10.2 10.1 9.8 9.9 9.7 9.8
20 to 24 years................................... . 1,329 1,438 1,377 17.0 19.9 16.1 17.8 18.3 17.3
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,773 6,270 6,476 9.5 8.9 9.1 9.0 8.8 9.1
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,624 5,047 5,126 10.0 9.3 9.5 9.4 9.1 9.2
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,108 1,957 1,919 11.5 10.9 11.4 11.5 10.7 10.4
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,772 1,505 1,493 9.5 8.5 8.6 8.3 8.3 8.3
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,743 1,584 1,713 9.1 8.5 8.4 8.6 8.4 9.0
55 years and over............................ . 1,149 1,223 1,350 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.5 7.7 8.4
Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,962 6,092 6,169 8.3 8.8 8.8 8.3 8.5 8.6
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667 659 681 21.4 21.4 24.6 22.3 23.1 22.9
16 to 17 years................................... . 262 266 315 23.3 26.2 27.4 25.8 28.2 30.0
18 to 19 years................................... . 399 389 374 20.2 20.2 22.9 20.3 20.5 19.5
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,295 5,433 5,488 7.7 8.2 8.1 7.8 7.9 8.0
20 to 24 years................................... . 941 907 872 13.1 14.3 13.2 12.6 12.7 12.2
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,352 4,514 4,586 7.1 7.6 7.6 7.2 7.3 7.4
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,489 3,637 3,656 7.3 7.9 7.9 7.5 7.7 7.7
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,375 1,379 1,368 9.1 9.4 9.5 8.9 9.0 9.0
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,030 1,153 1,071 6.6 7.6 7.4 7.4 7.6 7.1
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,084 1,105 1,217 6.3 6.9 6.8 6.4 6.5 7.1
55 years and over1 .......................... . 919 984 977 6.7 5.7 5.9 6.5 6.9 6.9
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,344 3,054 3,179 7.1 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.6 6.8
Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,041 2,103 2,188 5.5 6.3 6.3 5.9 5.8 6.0
Women who maintain families1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,225 1,362 1,346 12.2 11.0 11.6 12.1 13.4 13.4
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,181 12,675 12,845 10.5 10.6 10.4 10.2 10.2 10.3
Part-time workers3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,845 1,863 2,005 6.3 6.5 6.7 6.4 6.4 6.7
1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time
jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of
the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
Reason Aug. July Aug. Aug. Apr. May June July Aug.
2009 2010 2010 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,316 8,964 8,894 9,814 9,246 9,223 9,114 9,125 9,305
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,526 1,281 1,359 1,704 1,359 1,478 1,424 1,268 1,480
Not on temporary layoff........................... . 7,790 7,682 7,535 8,110 7,887 7,746 7,690 7,857 7,825
Permanent job losers........................... . 6,406 6,383 6,214 6,654 6,494 6,410 6,404 6,518 6,480
Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . 1,384 1,300 1,321 1,408 1,393 1,336 1,287 1,339 1,345
Job leavers............................................ . 909 935 943 835 938 969 900 900 874
Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,386 3,591 3,492 3,294 3,739 3,453 3,308 3,393 3,411
New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,212 1,647 1,430 1,096 1,231 1,206 1,140 1,188 1,259
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.8 59.2 60.3 65.3 61.0 62.1 63.0 62.5 62.7
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.3 8.5 9.2 11.3 9.0 9.9 9.8 8.7 10.0
Not on temporary layoff........................... . 52.6 50.8 51.1 53.9 52.0 52.2 53.2 53.8 52.7
Job leavers............................................ . 6.1 6.2 6.4 5.6 6.2 6.5 6.2 6.2 5.9
Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.8 23.7 23.7 21.9 24.7 23.3 22.9 23.2 23.0
New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 10.9 9.7 7.3 8.1 8.1 7.9 8.1 8.5
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 5.8 5.7 6.4 6.0 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.0
Job leavers............................................ . 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2
New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
Duration Aug. July Aug. Aug. Apr. May June July Aug.
2009 2010 2010 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,867 3,111 2,632 2,992 2,682 2,752 2,769 2,839 2,760
5 to 14 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,322 3,507 3,939 4,093 2,991 3,019 3,121 3,060 3,635
15 weeks and over................................... . 7,633 8,519 8,189 7,849 8,969 8,924 8,959 8,722 8,484
15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,572 1,978 1,916 2,825 2,253 2,161 2,208 2,151 2,235
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,061 6,541 6,273 5,024 6,716 6,763 6,751 6,572 6,249
Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.1 32.6 33.1 25.2 33.0 34.4 35.2 34.2 33.6
Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.5 20.3 19.6 15.5 21.6 23.2 25.5 22.2 19.9
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.3 20.6 17.8 20.0 18.3 18.7 18.6 19.4 18.5
5 to 14 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.2 23.2 26.7 27.4 20.4 20.5 21.0 20.9 24.4
15 weeks and over................................... . 51.5 56.3 55.5 52.6 61.3 60.7 60.3 59.7 57.0
15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.4 13.1 13.0 18.9 15.4 14.7 14.9 14.7 15.0
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.1 43.2 42.5 33.6 45.9 46.0 45.5 44.9 42.0
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
Unemployment
Employed Unemployed
rates
Occupation
Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug.
2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010
Total, 16 years and over1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,074 139,919 14,823 14,759 9.6 9.5
Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . 51,724 50,879 2,925 2,762 5.4 5.1
Management, business, and financial operations
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,849 20,741 1,141 1,067 5.0 4.9
Professional and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,875 30,138 1,785 1,695 5.6 5.3
Service occupations................................................. . 25,115 25,228 2,797 2,998 10.0 10.6
Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,132 33,429 3,252 3,345 8.7 9.1
Sales and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,902 15,367 1,511 1,519 8.7 9.0
Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,230 18,062 1,741 1,826 8.7 9.2
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations........................................................ . 13,561 13,743 2,176 2,136 13.8 13.5
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 984 1,092 182 117 15.6 9.6
Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,613 7,665 1,555 1,498 17.0 16.3
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............ . 4,964 4,985 439 522 8.1 9.5
Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations........................................................ . 15,542 16,640 2,421 2,046 13.5 10.9
Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,691 8,243 1,366 1,078 15.1 11.6
Transportation and material moving occupations............. . 7,852 8,397 1,055 968 11.8 10.3
1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed Unemployment
persons rates
Industry and class of worker (in thousands)
Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug.
2009 2010 2009 2010
Total, 16 years and over1 ............................................................... . 14,823 14,759 9.6 9.5

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,729 11,285 9.8 9.4
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... . 93 93 11.8 10.9
Construction.......................................................................... . 1,542 1,483 16.5 17.0
Manufacturing........................................................................ . 1,866 1,463 11.8 9.5
Durable goods..................................................................... . 1,297 984 13.0 10.0
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 569 479 9.7 8.6
Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,794 1,909 8.8 9.3
Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547 440 9.8 7.3
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358 302 10.7 9.7
Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ . 566 606 6.0 6.7
Professional and business services............................................... . 1,560 1,524 11.0 10.5
Education and health services..................................................... . 1,239 1,430 6.0 6.7
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . 1,636 1,507 12.0 10.8
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528 530 8.2 8.3
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... . 195 114 13.1 7.9
Government workers................................................................... . 1,118 1,292 5.1 6.0
Self-employed and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 569 638 5.3 6.1
1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Aug. July Aug. Aug. Apr. May June July Aug.
2009 2010 2010 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as

a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 5.5 5.3 5.1 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.5
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian
labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 5.8 5.7 6.4 6.0 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.0
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the
civilian labor force (official unemployment
rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 9.7 9.5 9.7 9.9 9.7 9.5 9.5 9.6
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers,
as a percent of the civilian labor force plus
discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.0 10.4 10.2 10.1 10.6 10.3 10.2 10.2 10.3
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers,
plus all other persons marginally attached to
the labor force, as a percent of the civilian
labor force plus all persons marginally attached
to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.9 11.2 10.9 11.0 11.3 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons
marginally attached to the labor force, plus
total employed part time for economic reasons,
as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all
persons marginally attached to the labor
force................................................. . 16.5 16.8 16.4 16.8 17.1 16.6 16.5 16.5 16.7
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are
available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a
job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for
full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
Total Men Women
Category Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug.
2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force............................................ . 81,190 83,421 31,583 32,632 49,607 50,789
Persons who currently want a job. . . . ............................. . 5,728 6,083 2,572 2,785 3,156 3,298
Marginally attached to the labor force1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,270 2,370 1,197 1,292 1,072 1,078
Discouraged workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 758 1,110 480 704 278 405
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3 . . . . 1,512 1,260 717 587 795 673
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,772 6,515 3,206 3,226 3,566 3,289
Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 4.7 4.3 4.3 5.4 5.0
Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,545 3,431 1,776 1,855 1,769 1,576
Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,683 1,617 555 586 1,127 1,031
Primary and secondary jobs both full time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 267 176 173 116 94
Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,214 1,167 666 603 548 563
1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week,
but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling
or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation
problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Change
Industry Aug. June July Aug. Aug. June July Aug. from:
2009 2010 2010p 2010p 2009 2010 2010p 2010p July 2010-
Aug. 2010p
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129,871 131,346 130,077 130,149 130,082 130,419 130,365 130,311 -54
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108,531 108,634 108,772 108,903 107,563 107,696 107,803 107,870 67
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,646 18,248 18,348 18,443 18,245 17,994 18,031 18,031 0
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 689 732 747 752 678 726 733 741 8
Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.1 48.0 49.3 49.8 49.4 48.2 48.3 48.1 -0.2
Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637.4 683.9 697.6 702.5 628.6 677.7 685.0 692.5 7.5
Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161.4 166.5 166.3 168.3 160.1 164.7 165.1 166.8 1.7
Mining, except oil and gas1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214.9 220.1 222.3 223.7 207.4 214.1 214.5 216.2 1.7
Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.2 82.8 83.0 83.5 81.0 82.9 83.0 83.1 0.1
Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261.1 297.3 309.0 310.5 261.1 298.9 305.4 309.5 4.1
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,185 5,786 5,862 5,914 5,885 5,596 5,592 5,611 19
Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,385.5 1,294.9 1,302.2 1,306.1 1,332.2 1,264.9 1,257.4 1,254.6 -2.8
Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647.3 600.7 596.3 598.9 617.9 582.2 574.8 572.2 -2.6
Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 738.2 694.2 705.9 707.2 714.3 682.7 682.6 682.4 -0.2
Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . . 894.4 855.0 869.3 888.4 830.5 807.9 809.9 820.5 10.6
Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,905.3 3,635.8 3,690.5 3,719.7 3,722.3 3,523.5 3,524.4 3,535.4 11.0
Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . 1,671.2 1,599.1 1,609.8 1,605.3 1,584.9 1,536.9 1,528.9 1,521.7 -7.2
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . . 2,234.1 2,036.7 2,080.7 2,114.4 2,137.4 1,986.6 1,995.5 2,013.7 18.2
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,772 11,730 11,739 11,777 11,682 11,672 11,706 11,679 -27
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,186 7,197 7,200 7,218 7,151 7,166 7,199 7,175 -24
Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360.5 360.5 356.8 356.3 350.2 354.2 349.2 346.2 -3.0
Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403.4 394.2 394.1 394.2 391.6 384.5 383.6 382.8 -0.8
Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354.2 371.9 372.3 375.1 353.9 372.7 373.7 374.4 0.7
Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,289.8 1,305.8 1,314.8 1,322.3 1,284.2 1,306.1 1,315.4 1,313.7 -1.7
Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,001.7 999.1 1,002.2 1,003.3 1,002.9 999.3 1,001.1 1,000.2 -0.9
Computer and electronic products1 . . . . . . . . . . 1,115.0 1,099.5 1,102.9 1,104.6 1,113.3 1,098.0 1,099.5 1,102.1 2.6
Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . . 161.1 158.5 160.1 161.4 161.2 159.2 160.0 160.9 0.9
Communication equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119.9 122.1 121.1 122.1 120.1 121.5 120.9 122.0 1.1
Semiconductors and electronic
components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366.2 366.5 368.1 370.4 365.8 366.4 368.1 370.2 2.1
Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418.8 406.1 407.3 405.4 417.4 404.6 404.4 403.8 -0.6
Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . . 371.0 370.5 373.0 374.0 369.8 369.5 371.2 372.1 0.9
Transportation equipment1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,330.7 1,355.4 1,343.0 1,350.1 1,331.1 1,345.8 1,371.6 1,350.2 -21.4
Motor vehicles and parts2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655.1 689.1 673.7 682.3 654.7 681.5 703.8 682.2 -21.6
Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377.2 366.5 364.9 362.3 372.8 361.6 358.8 357.8 -1.0
Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 582.2 574.0 576.0 576.0 581.5 574.0 575.3 575.0 -0.3
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,586 4,533 4,539 4,559 4,531 4,506 4,507 4,504 -3
Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,498.6 1,464.6 1,483.5 1,498.2 1,463.3 1,461.8 1,462.5 1,461.2 -1.3
Beverages and tobacco products. . . . . . . . . . . . 191.8 186.2 184.8 185.4 187.2 182.4 180.6 181.0 0.4
Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.0 124.4 123.4 122.9 122.1 123.6 123.9 122.1 -1.8
Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.9 123.5 122.9 122.9 124.6 123.2 123.2 123.0 -0.2
Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170.0 166.6 164.1 167.5 166.8 163.9 164.5 164.9 0.4
Leather and allied products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.3 29.0 28.0 29.7 29.1 28.8 28.4 29.3 0.9
Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404.3 400.8 400.4 399.8 402.7 398.7 397.7 398.0 0.3
Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . . 513.7 497.0 494.9 494.1 513.4 495.5 496.1 493.4 -2.7
Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119.2 117.7 117.7 117.2 115.4 113.9 113.6 113.3 -0.3
Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 794.7 784.1 782.7 780.1 793.2 779.6 778.9 778.8 -0.1
Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 617.4 638.7 636.2 641.6 613.5 634.3 637.1 638.7 1.6
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89,885 90,386 90,424 90,460 89,318 89,702 89,772 89,839 67
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,831 24,808 24,777 24,788 24,819 24,741 24,766 24,757 -9
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,612.2 5,612.1 5,620.7 5,621.1 5,588.2 5,579.9 5,588.2 5,592.3 4.1
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,811.0 2,780.2 2,791.8 2,791.8 2,799.3 2,767.6 2,774.8 2,775.1 0.3
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,982.4 1,989.1 1,984.6 1,983.3 1,972.8 1,973.9 1,972.6 1,974.5 1.9
Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. . 818.8 842.8 844.3 846.0 816.1 838.4 840.8 842.7 1.9
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,497.0 14,442.2 14,442.5 14,463.0 14,477.0 14,431.3 14,438.7 14,433.8 -4.9
Motor vehicle and parts dealers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,648.5 1,648.8 1,646.2 1,657.3 1,628.0 1,631.7 1,628.9 1,636.7 7.8
Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,022.4 1,022.4 1,021.2 1,028.0 1,012.6 1,016.5 1,015.6 1,019.1 3.5
Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . . 437.4 435.7 434.4 432.6 441.2 441.3 439.1 436.9 -2.2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
— Continued
[In thousands]
Change
2009 2010 2010p 2010p 2009 2010 2010p 2010p July 2010-
Aug. 2010p
Retail trade - Continued
Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 477.3 470.9 471.9 475.5 482.4 479.6 479.7 481.4 1.7
Building material and garden supply stores.. . 1,164.0 1,200.8 1,171.2 1,145.3 1,149.6 1,145.7 1,141.9 1,136.1 -5.8
Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,843.7 2,824.3 2,820.8 2,822.0 2,832.3 2,803.3 2,804.2 2,807.5 3.3
Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 982.8 977.7 973.7 974.1 983.6 974.5 973.5 974.2 0.7
Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 843.2 829.3 837.8 836.5 830.3 820.4 823.7 822.0 -1.7
Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . . 1,366.7 1,368.0 1,390.6 1,402.3 1,354.4 1,391.0 1,391.7 1,390.5 -1.2
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music
stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611.7 591.6 586.4 601.1 619.6 609.8 609.3 606.8 -2.5
General merchandise stores1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,926.2 2,913.6 2,927.1 2,928.8 2,955.2 2,941.8 2,954.5 2,949.8 -4.7
Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,447.5 1,454.5 1,462.2 1,471.2 1,471.7 1,488.7 1,493.3 1,493.6 0.3
Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 785.4 770.8 773.3 775.1 780.3 768.3 769.9 769.8 -0.1
Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410.1 410.7 409.1 412.4 420.1 423.9 422.3 422.1 -0.2
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,160.0 4,194.5 4,157.6 4,148.7 4,194.8 4,174.4 4,186.0 4,178.6 -7.4
Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460.7 455.7 456.2 457.8 457.6 453.8 453.2 453.8 0.6
Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217.0 218.7 220.9 220.4 217.7 218.9 219.8 220.5 0.7
Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.2 66.2 66.7 66.1 62.5 64.1 63.5 63.3 -0.2
Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,272.7 1,248.7 1,257.6 1,263.2 1,251.0 1,234.5 1,239.5 1,239.9 0.4
Transit and ground passenger
transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351.2 419.1 371.1 351.3 417.6 418.1 429.5 417.5 -12.0
Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.5 39.2 39.2 39.5 41.4 39.2 39.1 39.4 0.3
Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . . 36.3 35.1 37.6 37.0 28.0 28.8 28.7 28.6 -0.1
Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . . 541.2 547.5 550.7 551.4 539.8 546.5 548.6 549.2 0.6
Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534.5 520.1 515.1 517.7 540.6 523.1 520.8 522.5 1.7
Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639.7 644.2 642.5 644.3 638.6 647.4 643.3 643.9 0.6
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561.8 559.1 556.0 554.9 559.3 555.0 552.9 552.5 -0.4
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,779 2,724 2,726 2,719 2,776 2,711 2,715 2,714 -1
Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . 782.3 760.7 763.0 763.2 781.1 760.9 761.3 761.6 0.3
Motion picture and sound recording
industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350.9 356.6 362.8 358.4 347.6 345.1 351.4 352.2 0.8
Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295.7 294.6 294.9 297.4 296.3 294.8 296.2 297.8 1.6
Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 967.0 925.6 919.0 916.2 966.8 925.5 920.1 916.5 -3.6
Data processing, hosting and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250.0 246.2 245.2 242.6 251.1 245.5 245.5 244.2 -1.3
Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133.1 140.1 141.5 141.6 133.0 139.3 140.9 141.2 0.3
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,746 7,636 7,640 7,626 7,695 7,591 7,580 7,576 -4
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,728.5 5,661.0 5,659.8 5,653.3 5,718.9 5,649.9 5,643.3 5,642.9 -0.4
Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . . 21.2 21.2 21.4 21.4 21.0 21.2 21.2 21.2 0.0
Credit intermediation and related
activities1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,584.0 2,565.9 2,570.7 2,566.7 2,578.6 2,562.3 2,560.0 2,561.0 1.0
Depository credit intermediation1 . . . . . . . . . . 1,759.6 1,756.6 1,761.5 1,762.2 1,752.5 1,753.8 1,753.5 1,754.9 1.4
Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,316.6 1,315.2 1,319.8 1,320.2 1,311.9 1,313.0 1,314.0 1,315.6 1.6
Securities, commodity contracts,
investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799.2 800.5 802.0 800.9 798.6 797.9 799.2 799.8 0.6
Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . . 2,236.7 2,188.2 2,181.8 2,181.0 2,233.4 2,183.4 2,179.0 2,177.7 -1.3
Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . . 87.4 85.2 83.9 83.3 87.3 85.1 83.9 83.2 -0.7
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,017.2 1,975.4 1,979.8 1,972.5 1,975.8 1,941.2 1,936.8 1,932.9 -3.9
Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,427.0 1,397.6 1,400.0 1,396.4 1,402.8 1,379.8 1,377.5 1,374.5 -3.0
Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 563.9 553.6 555.6 551.9 547.2 537.4 535.5 534.6 -0.9
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . . 26.3 24.2 24.2 24.2 25.8 24.0 23.8 23.8 0.0
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,528 16,786 16,806 16,871 16,371 16,697 16,694 16,714 20
Professional and technical services1 . . . . . . . . . . . 7,405.6 7,361.4 7,386.7 7,387.9 7,450.6 7,407.5 7,416.7 7,428.8 12.1
Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,120.5 1,115.0 1,115.5 1,107.1 1,116.5 1,101.1 1,101.4 1,102.4 1.0
Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . . 844.8 818.5 816.5 823.7 921.3 894.5 895.7 899.4 3.7
Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . 1,316.2 1,286.8 1,292.5 1,293.2 1,301.6 1,277.0 1,277.2 1,277.2 0.0
Computer systems design and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,425.8 1,441.9 1,459.3 1,463.9 1,421.4 1,447.2 1,455.5 1,459.5 4.0
Management and technical consulting
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 990.8 988.3 992.6 990.8 987.8 987.6 986.6 986.9 0.3
Management of companies and enterprises. . . . 1,856.7 1,839.9 1,835.0 1,834.3 1,845.1 1,825.5 1,821.6 1,819.1 -2.5
Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,265.7 7,584.9 7,584.1 7,648.3 7,075.6 7,463.6 7,455.8 7,465.6 9.8

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
— Continued
[In thousands]
Change
2009 2010 2010p 2010p 2009 2010 2010p 2010p July 2010-
Aug. 2010p
Administrative and waste services - Continued
Administrative and support services1 . . . . . . . . 6,909.5 7,225.6 7,219.2 7,284.9 6,725.1 7,108.9 7,099.2 7,109.5 10.3
Employment services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,464.2 2,803.2 2,781.6 2,840.7 2,381.7 2,791.8 2,770.9 2,773.1 2.2
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,795.9 2,109.3 2,093.5 2,164.7 1,733.6 2,100.7 2,099.8 2,116.6 16.8
Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 796.8 780.1 784.5 785.3 809.1 793.7 797.2 796.8 -0.4
Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . . 1,836.7 1,840.5 1,851.4 1,843.7 1,735.0 1,728.8 1,735.8 1,738.1 2.3
Waste management and remediation
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356.2 359.3 364.9 363.4 350.5 354.7 356.6 356.1 -0.5
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,894 19,353 19,257 19,290 19,221 19,532 19,566 19,611 45
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,779.2 2,959.1 2,864.9 2,848.3 3,088.7 3,146.4 3,151.4 3,156.3 4.9
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,114.4 16,394.2 16,391.7 16,441.2 16,132.6 16,385.2 16,414.8 16,455.0 40.2
Health care3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,589.5 13,768.7 13,811.4 13,833.5 13,558.6 13,748.1 13,770.9 13,799.1 28.2
Ambulatory health care services1 . . . . . . . . . 5,798.2 5,920.3 5,944.4 5,956.6 5,789.0 5,911.8 5,929.7 5,946.6 16.9
Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,287.6 2,314.0 2,320.4 2,326.7 2,283.8 2,315.4 2,318.4 2,323.7 5.3
Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544.1 552.0 555.0 557.8 544.2 551.9 554.0 556.7 2.7
Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,029.0 1,067.6 1,073.6 1,074.0 1,028.1 1,064.8 1,070.9 1,073.7 2.8
Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,687.8 4,719.4 4,728.2 4,735.2 4,675.4 4,714.6 4,713.2 4,721.8 8.6
Nursing and residential care facilities1 . . . . 3,103.5 3,129.0 3,138.8 3,141.7 3,094.2 3,121.7 3,128.0 3,130.7 2.7
Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,654.6 1,658.9 1,662.6 1,662.5 1,649.4 1,655.3 1,657.4 1,656.4 -1.0
Social assistance1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,524.9 2,625.5 2,580.3 2,607.7 2,574.0 2,637.1 2,643.9 2,655.9 12.0
Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 808.4 849.2 797.5 820.7 855.7 864.3 864.8 868.5 3.7
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,708 13,677 13,799 13,774 13,083 13,100 13,111 13,124 13
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,159.6 2,154.0 2,221.7 2,167.6 1,901.9 1,907.1 1,908.7 1,903.8 -4.9
Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . . 424.5 431.6 451.0 448.3 398.6 407.8 414.8 417.1 2.3
Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks. . . 140.9 141.5 145.0 141.0 129.9 129.4 129.7 129.3 -0.4
Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . . 1,594.2 1,580.9 1,625.7 1,578.3 1,373.4 1,369.9 1,364.2 1,357.4 -6.8
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,547.9 11,522.5 11,577.4 11,605.9 11,180.9 11,193.3 11,202.6 11,219.9 17.3
Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,879.7 1,843.0 1,910.2 1,913.7 1,754.0 1,762.2 1,773.6 1,778.7 5.1
Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . . 9,668.2 9,679.5 9,667.2 9,692.2 9,426.9 9,431.1 9,429.0 9,441.2 12.2
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,399 5,402 5,419 5,392 5,353 5,330 5,340 5,343 3
Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,154.3 1,156.4 1,156.3 1,157.8 1,148.0 1,145.2 1,147.3 1,149.8 2.5
Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,287.8 1,288.2 1,278.4 1,268.4 1,278.5 1,269.3 1,266.8 1,262.2 -4.6
Membership associations and organizations. . . . 2,956.9 2,957.7 2,984.0 2,966.2 2,926.6 2,915.8 2,925.8 2,931.0 5.2
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,340 22,712 21,305 21,246 22,519 22,723 22,562 22,441 -121
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,833.0 3,192.0 3,067.0 2,940.0 2,815.0 3,173.0 3,030.0 2,919.0 -111.0
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,142.4 2,539.4 2,408.5 2,290.8 2,120.4 2,518.0 2,379.2 2,268.3 -110.9
U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 690.4 652.5 658.2 649.4 694.4 655.3 650.9 650.3 -0.6
State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,905.0 4,951.0 4,877.0 4,892.0 5,172.0 5,159.0 5,174.0 5,160.0 -14.0
State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,075.3 2,161.4 2,093.7 2,117.3 2,367.4 2,394.5 2,415.5 2,409.3 -6.2
State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 2,829.4 2,789.1 2,783.4 2,774.3 2,804.7 2,764.8 2,758.0 2,750.7 -7.3
Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,602.0 14,569.0 13,361.0 13,414.0 14,532.0 14,391.0 14,358.0 14,362.0 4.0
Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,930.2 8,026.3 6,770.2 6,861.6 8,034.0 8,005.6 7,987.9 7,977.5 -10.4
Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 6,672.0 6,542.5 6,590.6 6,552.8 6,497.9 6,385.6 6,370.2 6,384.2 14.0
1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Aug. June July Aug.
Industry 2009 2010 2010p 2010p
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. . 33.8 34.1 34.2 34.2
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.6 39.3 39.4 39.5
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.5 43.1 43.4 43.6
Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.2 37.4 37.5 37.6
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.1 40.1 40.1 40.2
Durable goods... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................................. . 39.1 40.3 40.4 40.4
Nondurable goods.............................................................. . 39.0 39.6 39.5 39.8
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.9 33.1 33.1 33.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.3
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.8 38.2 38.2 38.3
Retail trade...................................................................... . 31.3 31.2 31.3 31.3
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.1 38.4 38.5 38.5
Utilities........................................................................... . 40.9 41.1 41.1 41.4
Information......................................................................... . 36.5 36.7 36.6 36.6
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.5 37.1 37.0 37.0
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.9 35.2 35.4 35.4
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.9 32.9 32.9 32.9
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.6 25.7 25.8 25.9
Other services..................................................................... . 31.5 31.9 31.9 31.9
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing........................................................................... . 2.3 2.9 2.9 3.0
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0 2.9 2.9 2.9
Nondurable goods................................................................... . 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.2
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Industry Aug. June July Aug. Aug. June July Aug.
2009 2010 2010p 2010p 2009 2010 2010p 2010p
Total private................................................ . $22.28 $22.55 $22.60 $22.66 $ 753.06 $ 768.96 $ 772.92 $ 774.97
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.88 23.98 24.03 24.12 921.77 942.41 946.78 952.74
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.52 27.40 27.48 27.78 1,169.60 1,180.94 1,192.63 1,211.21
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.92 25.14 25.17 25.20 927.02 940.24 943.88 947.52
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.14 23.22 23.28 23.38 904.77 931.12 933.53 939.88
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.69 24.68 24.74 24.88 965.38 994.60 999.50 1,005.15
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.70 20.87 20.90 20.95 807.30 826.45 825.55 833.81
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.89 22.21 22.25 22.31 720.18 735.15 736.48 738.46
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.41 19.74 19.76 19.84 661.88 675.11 677.77 680.51
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.64 26.23 26.34 26.47 969.19 1,001.99 1,006.19 1,013.80
Retail trade......................................... . 15.45 15.57 15.58 15.63 483.59 485.78 487.65 489.22
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.42 20.96 20.94 20.96 778.00 804.86 806.19 806.96
Utilities.............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. . 33.12 32.83 32.81 33.05 1,354.61 1,349.31 1,348.49 1,368.27
Information............................................ . 29.58 30.46 30.43 30.53 1,079.67 1,117.88 1,113.74 1,117.40
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.48 27.13 27.23 27.32 966.52 1,006.52 1,007.51 1,010.84
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.20 27.23 27.32 27.40 949.28 958.50 967.13 969.96
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.45 22.84 22.91 22.96 738.61 751.44 753.74 755.38
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.00 13.06 13.07 13.10 332.80 335.64 337.21 339.29
Other services........................................ . 19.70 19.90 19.88 19.90 620.55 634.81 634.17 634.81
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours1 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2
Percent Percent
change change
Industry from: from:
Aug. June July Aug. July Aug. June July Aug. July
2009 2010 2010p 2010p 2010- 2009 2010 2010p 2010p 2010 -
Aug. Aug.
2010p 2010p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.1 92.0 92.4 92.4 0.0 96.8 99.0 99.6 99.9 0.3
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.2 80.6 80.9 81.1 0.2 86.6 87.3 87.9 88.5 0.7
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.5 98.3 100.0 101.5 1.5 100.0 108.2 110.3 113.2 2.6
Construction................................. . 75.4 72.1 72.3 72.7 0.6 81.7 78.8 79.0 79.6 0.8
Manufacturing............................... . 82.2 84.2 84.4 84.5 0.1 88.4 90.9 91.4 91.8 0.4
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.7 81.3 81.9 81.6 -0.4 86.3 89.1 90.0 90.2 0.2
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.2 89.1 88.9 89.5 0.7 92.6 94.3 94.2 95.1 1.0
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.4 95.4 95.4 95.5 0.1 100.1 102.6 102.9 103.2 0.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . 92.0 92.0 92.3 92.3 0.0 96.1 97.7 98.2 98.5 0.3
Wholesale trade.......................... . 92.2 93.0 93.1 93.5 0.4 98.6 101.8 102.4 103.2 0.8
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.0 91.4 91.8 91.7 -0.1 94.0 94.1 94.5 94.8 0.3
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . 91.5 91.7 92.2 92.1 -0.1 94.8 97.6 98.0 97.9 -0.1
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.9 98.7 98.3 98.9 0.6 108.3 107.0 106.6 108.0 1.3
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.5 90.9 90.8 90.7 -0.1 97.5 98.5 98.3 98.6 0.3
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.5 92.8 92.4 92.4 0.0 95.7 98.3 98.2 98.5 0.3
Professional and business services...... . 89.9 92.4 92.9 93.1 0.2 99.0 102.0 102.9 103.3 0.4
Education and health services. . . . ........ . 102.9 104.6 104.8 105.0 0.2 108.2 111.9 112.4 113.0 0.5
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.6 96.1 96.5 97.0 0.5 100.2 101.2 101.8 102.5 0.7
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.4 94.2 94.4 94.4 0.0 104.5 106.4 106.5 106.7 0.2
1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual
average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding
2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly
hours, and employment.
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
2009 2010 2010p 2010p 2009 2010 2010p 2010p
Total nonfarm.............. . . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . 64,943 64,837 64,779 64,719 49.9 49.7 49.7 49.7
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,072 51,912 51,932 51,948 48.4 48.2 48.2 48.2
Goods-producing..................................... . 4,232 4,144 4,154 4,148 23.2 23.0 23.0 23.0
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 101 101 103 14.5 13.9 13.8 13.9
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 789 736 735 733 13.4 13.2 13.1 13.1
Manufacturing...................................... . 3,345 3,307 3,318 3,312 28.6 28.3 28.3 28.4
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,775 1,744 1,755 1,750 24.8 24.3 24.4 24.4
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,570 1,563 1,563 1,562 34.7 34.7 34.7 34.7
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,840 47,768 47,778 47,800 53.6 53.3 53.2 53.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,173 10,038 10,039 10,018 41.0 40.6 40.5 40.5
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,698.8 1,678.0 1,677.4 1,679.0 30.4 30.1 30.0 30.0
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,324.4 7,227.4 7,225.1 7,210.1 50.6 50.1 50.0 50.0
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,008.3 997.5 1,002.1 995.2 24.0 23.9 23.9 23.8
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141.5 135.1 134.2 133.3 25.3 24.3 24.3 24.1
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,157 1,106 1,110 1,112 41.7 40.8 40.9 41.0
Financial activities................................. . 4,566 4,472 4,461 4,456 59.3 58.9 58.9 58.8
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,392 7,426 7,413 7,413 45.2 44.5 44.4 44.4
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,880 15,067 15,092 15,124 77.4 77.1 77.1 77.1
Leisure and hospitality............................ . 6,854 6,849 6,857 6,872 52.4 52.3 52.3 52.4
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,818 2,810 2,806 2,805 52.6 52.7 52.5 52.5
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,871 12,925 12,847 12,771 57.2 56.9 56.9 56.9
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted1
[In thousands]
Aug. June July Aug.
Industry 2010p
2009 2010 2010p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,575 88,767 88,852 88,908

Goods-producing....... . . . . . . . . . . . ..................................................... . 13,120 12,958 12,972 12,970
Mining and logging.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493 542 550 553
Construction.......................................................................... . 4,435 4,220 4,205 4,222
Manufacturing........................................................................ . 8,192 8,196 8,217 8,195
Durable goods..................................................................... . 4,886 4,914 4,937 4,915
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,306 3,282 3,280 3,280
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,455 75,809 75,880 75,938
Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. . 21,020 20,964 20,980 20,955
Wholesale trade................................................................... . 4,502.2 4,486.8 4,486.0 4,487.1
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,416.8 12,418.5 12,426.9 12,419.7
Transportation and warehousing................................................ . 3,652.4 3,618.5 3,629.4 3,609.6
Utilities.............................................................................. . 448.4 440.6 438.1 438.2
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,218 2,179 2,183 2,184
Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ . 5,950 5,856 5,844 5,837
Professional and business services............................................... . 13,346 13,684 13,691 13,708
Education and health services..................................................... . 16,873 17,119 17,153 17,198
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . 11,568 11,549 11,559 11,581
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,480 4,458 4,470 4,475
1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees
in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Aug. June July Aug.
Industry 2009 2010 2010p 2010p
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. . 33.1 33.4 33.4 33.5
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.4 40.2 40.3 40.5
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.3 44.8 44.8 45.5
Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.0 38.2 38.2 38.4
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.0 41.0 41.1 41.2
Durable goods... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................................. . 40.0 41.3 41.4 41.4
Nondurable goods.............................................................. . 39.9 40.5 40.7 40.9
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.0 32.2 32.3 32.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.8 33.3 33.5 33.5
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.5 37.8 38.0 38.1
Retail trade...................................................................... . 29.8 30.1 30.4 30.3
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.1 37.4 37.5 37.5
Utilities........................................................................... . 41.9 42.2 42.3 42.2
Information......................................................................... . 36.5 36.6 36.3 36.3
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.1 36.3 36.1 36.4
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.7 35.0 35.1 35.1
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.2
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.7 24.7 24.8 24.8
Other services..................................................................... . 30.5 30.7 30.9 30.9
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing........................................................................... . 3.0 3.9 3.8 3.9
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 3.9 3.8 3.8
Nondurable goods................................................................... . 3.3 3.8 3.7 4.0
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
2009 2010 2010p 2010p 2009 2010 2010p 2010p
Total private................................................ . $18.69 $19.02 $19.05 $19.08 $ 618.64 $ 635.27 $ 636.27 $ 639.18
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.95 20.22 20.25 20.29 786.03 812.84 816.08 821.75
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.27 23.91 23.94 23.95 1,007.59 1,071.17 1,072.51 1,089.73
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.70 23.17 23.23 23.29 862.60 885.09 887.39 894.34
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.31 18.54 18.56 18.57 732.40 760.14 762.82 765.08
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.45 19.70 19.72 19.75 778.00 813.61 816.41 817.65
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.63 16.78 16.79 16.78 663.54 679.59 683.35 686.30
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.42 18.76 18.79 18.83 589.44 604.07 606.92 608.21
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.54 16.85 16.84 16.86 542.51 561.11 564.14 564.81
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.98 21.51 21.58 21.55 786.75 813.08 820.04 821.06
Retail trade......................................... . 13.04 13.23 13.22 13.22 388.59 398.22 401.89 400.57
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.82 19.15 19.13 19.19 679.40 716.21 717.38 719.63
Utilities.............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. . 29.71 30.31 30.40 30.49 1,244.85 1,279.08 1,285.92 1,286.68
Information............................................ . 25.67 25.75 25.97 25.84 936.96 942.45 942.71 937.99
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.90 21.39 21.45 21.47 754.49 776.46 774.35 781.51
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.45 22.79 22.85 22.95 779.02 797.65 802.04 805.55
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.55 19.97 20.03 20.08 629.51 643.03 642.96 646.58
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.16 11.34 11.35 11.35 275.65 280.10 281.48 281.48
Other services........................................ . 16.65 16.89 16.85 16.87 507.83 518.52 520.67 521.28
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on
private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
[2002=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours2 Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3
Percent Percent
change change
Industry Aug. June July Aug. from: Aug. June July Aug. from:
2009 2010 2010p 2010p July 2009 2010 2010p 2010p July
2010 - 2010 -
Aug. Aug.
2010p 2010p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.0 99.1 99.2 99.5 0.3 122.3 125.9 126.2 126.9 0.6
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.0 79.6 79.9 80.3 0.5 96.5 98.6 99.1 99.7 0.6
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.4 129.0 130.9 133.7 2.1 153.5 179.4 182.3 186.2 2.1
Construction................................. . 84.4 80.7 80.4 81.2 1.0 103.4 101.0 100.9 102.1 1.2
Manufacturing............................... . 75.2 77.1 77.5 77.5 0.0 90.1 93.5 94.1 94.1 0.0
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.4 76.2 76.8 76.4 -0.5 89.2 93.8 94.5 94.3 -0.2
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.7 78.3 78.7 79.0 0.4 91.3 92.9 93.3 93.7 0.4
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.2 104.4 104.8 104.9 0.1 130.4 134.3 135.0 135.4 0.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . 96.1 97.3 98.0 97.9 -0.1 113.4 117.0 117.7 117.7 0.0
Wholesale trade.......................... . 99.4 99.9 100.4 100.7 0.3 122.9 126.6 127.6 127.8 0.2
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.7 94.6 95.6 95.3 -0.3 104.7 107.3 108.4 107.9 -0.5
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . 99.3 101.9 102.5 101.9 -0.6 118.5 123.8 124.3 124.0 -0.2
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.1 95.1 94.8 94.6 -0.2 119.2 120.3 120.3 120.4 0.1
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.4 91.0 90.5 90.5 0.0 117.4 116.1 116.3 115.8 -0.4
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.8 101.7 101.0 101.7 0.7 132.8 134.5 133.9 135.0 0.8
Professional and business services...... . 103.8 107.3 107.7 107.8 0.1 138.6 145.6 146.4 147.3 0.6
Education and health services. . . . ........ . 117.2 118.9 118.8 119.5 0.6 150.6 156.1 156.4 157.7 0.8
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.7 104.6 105.1 105.3 0.2 132.7 134.6 135.4 135.7 0.2
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.9 96.0 96.9 97.0 0.1 116.3 118.2 119.0 119.2 0.2
2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual
average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding
2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly
hours, and employment.
p Preliminary

T E S - A 2010: HE Mployment Ituation Ugust

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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-10-1212

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, September 3, 2010

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • [email protected]

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION – AUGUST 2010

Household Survey Data

Establishment Survey Data

Employment in other private-sector industries, including wholesale trade, transportation and

Aug. June July Aug.

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

See footnotes at end of table.

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Less than a high school diploma

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

VETERANS, 18 years and over

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Foreign born, 16 years and over

AGE AND SEX

AGE AND SEX

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

Total, 16 years and over1 ............................................................... . 14,823 14,759 9.6 9.5

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

See footnotes at end of table.

See footnotes at end of table.

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,575 88,767 88,852 88,908

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

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