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United States
Department
of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212

Technical information:
Household data: (202) 691-6378 USDL 09-0588
http://www.bls.gov/cps/
Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 Transmission of material in this release

http://www.bls.gov/ces/ is embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EDT),
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 Friday, June 5, 2009.
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: MAY 2009
Nonfarm payroll employment fell by 345,000 in May, about half the average monthly decline for
the prior 6 months, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The
unemployment rate continued to rise, increasing from 8.9 to 9.4 percent. Steep job losses continued in
manufacturing, while declines moderated in construction and several service-providing industries.
Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month change,
May 2007 – May 2009 seasonally adjusted, May 2007 – May 2009
Percent Thousands
10.0 400
9.0 200
8.0 0
7.0 -200
6.0 -400
5.0 -600
4.0 -800
May-07 Aug-07 Nov-07 Feb-08 May-08 Aug-08 Nov-08 Feb-09 May-09 May-07 Aug-07 Nov-07 Feb-08 May-08 Aug-08 Nov-08 Feb-09 May-09
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
The number of unemployed persons increased by 787,000 to 14.5 million in May, and the unem-
ployment rate rose to 9.4 percent. Since the start of the recession in December 2007, the number of
unemployed persons has risen by 7.0 million, and the unemployment rate has grown by 4.5 percentage
points. (See table A-1.)
Unemployment rates rose in May for adult men (9.8 percent), adult women (7.5 percent), whites
(8.6 percent), and Hispanics (12.7 percent). The jobless rates for teenagers (22.7 percent) and blacks
(14.9 percent) were little changed over the month. The unemployment rate for Asians was 6.7 percent in
May, not seasonally adjusted, up from 3.8 percent a year earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)
2
Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)
Quarterly averages Monthly data
Apr.-May
Category
IV 2008 I 2009 Mar. 2009 Apr. 2009 May 2009 change
HOUSEHOLD DATA Labor force status
Civilian labor force …………….…………… 154,648 153,993 154,048 154,731 155,081 350
Employment …………………….………… 144,046 141,578 140,887 141,007 140,570 -437
Unemployment ……………….…………… 10,602 12,415 13,161 13,724 14,511 787
Not in labor force ………………….………… 80,177 80,920 81,038 80,541 80,371 -170
Unemployment rates
All workers ……………….……………....… 6.9 8.1 8.5 8.9 9.4 0.5

Adult men …………………....……...…… 6.8 8.2 8.8 9.4 9.8 .4
Adult women ………….…………………… 5.6 6.7 7.0 7.1 7.5 .4
Teenagers ………….………………...…… 20.7 21.3 21.7 21.5 22.7 1.2
White ……….………….…...…………… 6.3 7.4 7.9 8.0 8.6 .6
Black or African American ………….…… 11.5 13.1 13.3 15.0 14.9 -.1
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity ………..…… 8.9 10.7 11.4 11.3 12.7 1.4
ESTABLISHMENT DATA Employment
Nonfarm employment ……….……...……… 135,727 133,662 133,000 p 132,496 p 132,151 p -345

Goods-producing 1…...…...……………… 20,803 19,826 19,520 p 19,246 p 19,021 p -225
Construction ..…...…………….………… 6,949 6,590 6,470 p 6,362 p 6,303 p -59
Manufacturing …………………....…… 13,062 12,468 12,296 p 12,142 p 11,986 p -156
Service-providing 1 ………...……..……… 114,924 113,835 113,480 p 113,250 p 113,130 p -120
Retail trade 2 …...…………….…..…… 15,127 14,933 14,872 p 14,836 p 14,818 p -18
Professional and business service ….....… 17,485 17,048 16,910 p 16,799 p 16,748 p -51
Education and health services …..…….… 19,035 19,138 19,158 p 19,171 p 19,215 p 44
Leisure and hospitality …...……………. 13,348 13,235 13,202 p 13,164 p 13,167 p3
Government ………...…………………… 22,538 22,543 22,543 p 22,635 p 22,628 p -7
Hours of work 3
Total private ……...…………...…………… 33.4 33.2 33.1 p 33.2 p 33.1 p -0.1

Manufacturing …………….……...……… 40.2 39.6 39.4 p 39.5 p 39.3 p -.2
Overtime ……...………………..…….… 3.2 2.7 2.6 p 2.7 p 2.7 p .0
Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100) 3
Total private ……...………………….……… 104.1 101.7 100.7 p 100.4 p 99.7 p -0.7
Earnings 3
Average hourly earnings, total private …...… $18.34 $18.46 $18.50 p $18.52 p $18.54 p $0.02
Average weekly earnings, total private ……. 612.55 613.60 612.35 p 614.86 p 613.67 p -1.19
1
Includes other industries, not shown separately.
2
Quarterly averages and the over-the-month change are calculated using unrounded data.
3
Data relate to private production and nonsupervisory workers.
p = preliminary.
3
Among the unemployed, the number of job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs rose
by 732,000 in May to 9.5 million. This group has increased by 5.8 million since the start of the
recession. (See table A-8.)
The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) increased by 268,000
over the month to 3.9 million and has tripled since the start of the recession. (See table A-9.)
Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
In May, the civilian labor force participation rate was about unchanged at 65.9 percent. The em-
ployment-population ratio, at 59.7 percent, continued to trend down. The ratio has declined by 3.0
percentage points since December 2007. (See table A-1.)
The number of persons working part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as invol-
untary part-time workers) was little changed in May at 9.1 million. The number of such workers has
risen by 4.4 million during the recession. (See table A-5.)
Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
About 2.2 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were marginally attached to the labor force in
May, 794,000 more than a year earlier. These individuals wanted and were available for work and had
looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they
had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. Among the marginally attached, there
were 792,000 discouraged workers in May, up by 392,000 from a year earlier. Discouraged workers are
persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The other
1.4 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in May had not searched for work in the 4
weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table
A-13.)
Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
Total nonfarm payroll employment declined by 345,000 in May to 132.2 million. The decline was
about half of the average monthly job loss for the prior 6 months (-643,000). Since the recession began
in December 2007, payroll employment has fallen by 6.0 million. In May, job losses continued to be
widespread across major industry sectors. Steep job losses continued in manufacturing, while the rate of
decline moderated in several industries, including construction, professional and business services, and
retail trade. (See table B-1.)
Manufacturing employment fell by 156,000 in May. Job losses occurred in most component
industries. Three durable goods industries—motor vehicles and parts (-30,000), machinery (-26,000),
and fabricated metal products (-19,000)—accounted for about half of the overall decline in factory
employment. Since its most recent peak in February 2000, employment in motor vehicles and parts has
fallen by about 50 percent. Mining shed 11,000 jobs in May, about the same number as in April.
Employment in construction decreased by 59,000 in May, compared with an average monthly job
loss of 117,000 in the industry for the previous 6 months. In May, employment fell in nonresidential
specialty trade contractors (-30,000) and in residential construction of buildings (-11,000).
4
Job losses in professional and business services moderated in May, with the industry shedding
51,000 jobs. This compares with an average loss of 136,000 jobs per month in the prior 6 months. The
temporary help services industry, which had been dropping an average of 73,000 jobs per month over
this period, saw little employment change in May (-7,000).
Employment in leisure and hospitality was flat over the month. The industry had lost an average of
39,000 jobs per month during the prior 6 months.
Retail trade employment was down by 18,000 in May; job cutbacks in retail trade have moderated
markedly in the past 2 months. Employment in wholesale trade fell by 22,000 over the month, with over
half of the decrease (-14,000) among durable goods wholesalers.
Financial activities employment continued to decrease in May (-30,000). Securities lost 10,000 jobs
and real estate lost 9,000. Employment in credit intermediation continued to trend down, although the
May job loss was well below the average job loss for the prior 6 months. Employment in information
decreased by 24,000 in May.
Health care employment increased by 24,000 in May, about in line with its average monthly job
growth so far in 2009. Employment in government changed little in May.
The change in total nonfarm employment for March was revised from -699,000 to -652,000, and the
change for April was revised from -539,000 to -504,000.
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
In May, the average workweek for production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm pay-
rolls edged down by 0.1 hour to 33.1 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek de-
creased by 0.2 hour to 39.3 hours, and factory overtime was unchanged at 2.7 hours. (See table B-2.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls fell by 0.7 percent in May. The manufacturing index declined by 2.1 percent over the month.
(See table B-5.)
Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
In May, average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm
payrolls were essentially unchanged at $18.54, seasonally adjusted. Over the past 12 months, average
hourly earnings increased by 3.1 percent, while average weekly earnings rose by only 1.2 percent,
reflecting a decline in the average workweek. (See table B-3.)
______________________________
The Employment Situation for June 2009 is scheduled to be released on Thursday, July 2,
at 8:30 A.M. (EDT).
5
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates
Why are there two monthly measures of employment?
The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employ-
ment and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a
smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey
because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of 107,000 is statisti-
cally significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in
the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope
than the establishment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricul-
tural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The
household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?
Neither the establishment nor household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers.
Thus, while it is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants, it is not
possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The household survey does include
questions about whether respondents were born outside the United States. Data from these questions
show that foreign-born workers accounted for 15.6 percent of the labor force in 2008.
Why does the establishment survey have revisions?
The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating
additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates.
The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding
2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.
On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors
estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records.
The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more informa-
tion on the annual benchmark revision, please visit http://www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm.
Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?
Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments
with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability
of the total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately
sampled to achieve that goal.
Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?
Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employ-
ment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric
model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past
6
values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and
Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the sur-
vey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag be-
tween the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection.
BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year.
Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance
benefits?
No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons
who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed.
(People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no require-
ment or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.
Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work?
Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job,
including those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged
workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (discouraged workers and other
groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in the Employment Situation
news release.
Technical Note
This n ews release p resents statistics fro m two m ajor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as
surveys, th e C urrent Population Survey ( household su rvey) a p ercent of th e po pulation, an d th e employment-population
and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment ratio is the employed as a percent of the population.
survey). T he household s urvey p rovides t he i nformation on
the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears Establishment survey. The sample establishments are
in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample drawn f rom pri vate n onfarm busi nesses such as fact ories,
survey of abou t 6 0,000 ho useholds cond ucted b y th e U.S. offices, and s tores, as well as federal, state, and loc al
Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). government en tities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are
The estab lishment su rvey prov ides th e info rmation o n those who received pay f or any pa rt o f t he re ference pay
the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted
payrolls th at a ppears in th e B tab les, marked ESTABLISH- in eac h job t hey hold. Hours and earnings dat a a re for
MENT DATA. Th is in formation is co llected fro m p ayroll private bu sinesses an d r elate on ly to production workers in
records by BLS in cooperati on with sta te agencies. The the goods-producing sect or and n onsupervisory workers in
sample i ncludes ab out 1 60,000 businesses an d government the serv ice-providing sector. Industries are classified on the
agencies c overing ap proximately 400, 000 i ndividual work- basis of their principal activ ity in accorda nce with t he 2007
sites. Th e active sample includes about one-third of all non - version of t he Nort h Am erican Industry Classification
farm payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling System.
frame of unemployment insurance tax accounts.
For both surveys, the data for a g iven month relate to a Differences in employment estimates. The numerous
particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the conceptual a nd m ethodological di fferences bet ween t he
reference week is ge nerally th e calenda r week that contains household a nd est ablishment su rveys re sult i n i mportant
the 1 2th d ay of th e month. In th e estab lishment su rvey, th e distinctions i n t he em ployment est imates deri ved f rom t he
reference period is th e p ay p eriod in cluding th e 12 th, which surveys. Among these are:
may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
• The household survey includes agricultural workers,
Coverage, definitions, and differences between sur- the self- employed, unp aid f amily w orkers, an d
veys private h ousehold workers am ong t he employed.
These groups are exclude d from the establishm ent
Household survey. T he sa mple is selected t o reflect survey.
the entire civilian noni nstitutional popula tion. Based on
responses t o a seri es of questions o n work an d j ob sea rch • The h ousehold survey includes peo ple o n un paid
activities, each pe rson 16 years and over i n a sa mple leave am ong the e mployed. T he establishm ent
household i s cl assified as em ployed, une mployed, or not i n survey does not.
the labor force.
People are cla ssified as em ployed if t hey did any work • The household survey is limited to workers 16 years
at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in of a ge an d older. The est ablishment surve y i s not
their ow n b usiness, pr ofession, or o n their own farm; or limited by age.
worked without pay at least 1 5 hours in a famil y business or
farm. People are also counted as em ployed if they were • The h ousehold survey ha s no d uplication of
temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad individuals, because indi viduals are counted only
weather, vacat ion, labor-management dis putes, or pe rsonal once, ev en if they ho ld m ore th an on e job. In th e
reasons. establishment survey, em ployees working at more
People are cla ssified as unemployed if th ey meet all of than o ne job a nd t hus a ppearing o n m ore t han one
the f ollowing criteria: They had no em ployment duri ng t he payroll w ould b e co unted sep arately f or eac h
reference week; they were available for work at that time; and appearance.
they made specific efforts to fi nd em ployment so metime
during t he 4 -week period e nding with t he refere nce w eek. Seasonal adjustment
Persons laid off from a jo b and expecting recall need not be Over the cours e of a year, the size of the nation' s labor
looking for work to b e co unted as unemployed. The force an d t he l evels of em ployment and unemployment
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no undergo s harp fl uctuations due t o suc h s easonal eve nts as
way de pend upon the eligibility for or receipt of changes i n weather, re duced o r ex panded p roduction,
unemployment insurance benefits. harvests, m ajor hol idays, an d t he o pening and cl osing of
The civilian labor force i s t he sum of em ployed and schools. The effect of suc h seasonal va riation can be very
unemployed p ersons. Those n ot cl assified as em ployed or large; seas onal fl uctuations may account f or as m uch as 95
unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment percent of the month-to-month changes in unemployment.
rate i s t he number unem ployed as a percent of t he l abor
Because these seasonal eve nts follow a m ore or less 430,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results
regular pattern each year, the ir influence on statistical trends are off by thes e magnitudes, but rat her t hat there is about a
can b e elim inated b y adju sting th e statistics fro m month t o 90-percent chance that t he "true" over-the-month change lies
month. T hese adjustments make nonseasonal developments, within this interval. Si nce this range includes values of l ess
such as declines in eco nomic activ ity o r in creases i n th e than zero, we could not say with confidence that employment
participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For had, in fact, increased. If, however, the reported employment
example, the large num ber of youth entering the labor force rise was h alf a million, th en all o f th e v alues with in th e 90-
each J une is l ikely to obscure a ny ot her c hanges that have percent co nfidence in terval would b e greater th an zero . In
taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if this case, it is lik ely (at lea st a 90-percent chance) t hat an
the lev el o f eco nomic activ ity h as risen or d eclined. employment rise had, in fact, occurred. At an unemployment
However, bec ause t he ef fect of st udents finishing school i n rate of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can for t he m onthly chan ge i n unemployment i s abo ut
be adjusted to allow for a com parable change. Insofar as the +/-280,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment
seasonal adjus tment is made correctly, the adjuste d figure rate it is about +/-.19 percentage point.
provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in In general, es timates i nvolving m any i ndividuals or
economic activity. establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size
Most seasona lly adjuste d series are indepe ndently of t he estim ate) tha n estim ates whic h a re based on a small
adjusted i n b oth t he h ousehold an d est ablishment surve ys. number of observations. T he p recision of estimates i s also
However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such improved when the data are cumulated over time such as for
as t otal payroll em ployment, em ployment i n most quarterly and annual avera ges. T he seasonal adjust ment
supersectors, total em ployment, an d u nemployment are process can also i mprove th e stab ility o f th e m onthly
computed by aggregating independently adjusted component estimates.
series. Fo r example, to tal u nemployment is d erived b y The house hold and establi shment surve ys are also
summing the adjusted se ries fo r fo ur major age -sex affected by nonsampling error. N onsampling er rors c an
components; t his di ffers f rom t he unem ployment estim ate occur f or m any reaso ns, i ncluding the failure t o sam ple a
that wo uld be obtained by di rectly adj usting t he t otal or by segment of the population, inability to obtain information for
combining t he du ration, reason s, or mo re d etailed age all responde nts in the sam ple, inability or unwillingne ss of
categories. respondents to provide correct information on a t imely basis,
For both t he household a nd est ablishment sur veys, a mistakes made b y r espondents, and er rors m ade in the
concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which collection or processing of the data.
new sea sonal factors are cal culated each month, usi ng all For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for
relevant dat a, up t o a nd i ncluding t he data f or t he c urrent the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for
month. In t he ho usehold sur vey, ne w se asonal fact ors are this reaso n, these esti mates are lab eled preliminary in th e
used t o ad just onl y t he cur rent m onth's dat a. In the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used estimate, when nea rly all sample re ports have been received,
each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. that the estimate is considered final.
In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a Another m ajor s ource of nonsampling error i n t he
year. establishment su rvey is t he i nability to captu re, on a timely
basis, em ployment gene rated by ne w fi rms. To c orrect fo r
Reliability of the estimates this sy stematic u nderestimation of em ployment gr owth, an
Statistics based on t he household a nd es tablishment estimation procedure with two components is used to account
surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. for business births. The first component uses business deaths
When a sam ple rather than the entire population is su rveyed, to i mpute em ployment fo r b usiness births. T his i s in-
there is a chance that the sam ple estim ates may differ fr om corporated in to th e sam ple-based link relative esti mate
the "true" po pulation val ues they repres ent. The exact procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of
difference, or sampling error, varies d epending o n t he business, but im puting to the m th e sa me trend as th e o ther
particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by firms in th e sam ple. Th e s econd com ponent is an ARIMA
the stand ard erro r of th e esti mate. Th ere is abou t a 90- time series model d esigned to esti mate the residu al net
percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation.
on a sam ple will d iffer b y no m ore th an 1.6 stand ard erro rs The historical time series used to create a nd test the ARIMA
from the "true " population value because of sampling error. model was deri ved from t he u nemployment i nsurance
BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-pe rcent level universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual
of confidence. net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.
For exam ple, the confi dence interval for t he m onthly The sam ple-based estim ates from the establishm ent
change in total employment from the household survey is on survey are adjusted once a y ear (o n a l agged basi s) t o
the order of plus or minus 430,000. S uppose the estimate of universe c ounts of payroll em ployment obt ained from
total em ployment i ncreases by 10 0,000 f rom one month t o administrative records of th e u nemployment i nsurance
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on t he monthly program. The diffe rence between t he March sam ple-based
change wo uld ran ge from -330,000 to 53 0,000 (1 00,000 +/ - employment est imates and t he M arch u niverse co unts i s
known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a r ough proxy Other information
for total sur vey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate Information in th is release will b e made av ailable to
changes i n the classification of industries. Over the past sensory i mpaired i ndividuals up on req uest. Voi ce p hone:
decade, a bsolute be nchmark re visions for t otal nonfar m (202) 691 -5200; TD D m essage r eferral pho ne: 1 -800-877-
employment have averaged 0.2 percent, with a range from 0.1 8339.
percent to 0.6 percent.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Employment status, sex, and age
May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 233,405 235,271 235,452 233,405 234,739 234,913 235,086 235,271 235,452
Civilian labor force ........................................................ 154,003 153,834 154,336 154,510 153,716 154,214 154,048 154,731 155,081
Participation rate ..................................................... 66.0 65.4 65.5 66.2 65.5 65.6 65.5 65.8 65.9
Employed .................................................................... 145,927 140,586 140,363 145,974 142,099 141,748 140,887 141,007 140,570
Employment-population ratio .................................. 62.5 59.8 59.6 62.5 60.5 60.3 59.9 59.9 59.7
Unemployed ............................................................... 8,076 13,248 13,973 8,536 11,616 12,467 13,161 13,724 14,511
Unemployment rate ................................................ 5.2 8.6 9.1 5.5 7.6 8.1 8.5 8.9 9.4
Not in labor force .......................................................... 79,402 81,437 81,116 78,895 81,023 80,699 81,038 80,541 80,371
Persons who currently want a job ............................... 5,393 5,868 6,612 4,813 5,643 5,645 5,814 5,935 5,861
Men, 16 years and over
Employed .................................................................... 77,983 73,771 74,009 77,932 75,092 74,777 74,053 74,116 74,033
Unemployed ............................................................... 4,459 8,107 8,399 4,695 6,771 7,217 7,751 8,242 8,691
Employed .................................................................... 75,152 71,468 71,645 74,992 72,613 72,293 71,655 71,678 71,593
Unemployed ............................................................... 3,708 7,343 7,511 3,921 5,972 6,394 6,923 7,403 7,802
Women, 16 years and over
Employed .................................................................... 67,943 66,815 66,354 68,042 67,007 66,970 66,834 66,890 66,537
Unemployed ............................................................... 3,617 5,141 5,574 3,841 4,845 5,250 5,410 5,482 5,820
Employed .................................................................... 65,115 64,318 63,809 65,114 64,298 64,271 64,148 64,226 63,895
Unemployed ............................................................... 3,008 4,639 4,942 3,252 4,286 4,646 4,828 4,922 5,217
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Employed .................................................................... 5,660 4,799 4,910 5,868 5,188 5,184 5,083 5,103 5,082
Unemployed ............................................................... 1,360 1,267 1,520 1,363 1,359 1,427 1,410 1,398 1,491
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

Employment status, race, sex, and age
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
WHITE
Participation rate ....................................................... 66.3 65.8 66.0 66.4 65.9 66.0 66.0 66.2 66.3
Employed .................................................................... 119,603 115,587 115,444 119,611 116,692 116,481 115,693 115,977 115,561
Employment-population ratio .................................... 63.2 60.7 60.5 63.2 61.3 61.2 60.8 60.9 60.6
Unemployed ............................................................... 5,812 9,729 10,398 6,148 8,621 9,222 9,906 10,133 10,862
Unemployment rate .................................................. 4.6 7.8 8.3 4.9 6.9 7.3 7.9 8.0 8.6

Employed .................................................................... 62,671 59,847 59,932 62,476 60,683 60,361 59,811 59,967 59,820
Unemployed ............................................................... 2,744 5,451 5,699 2,916 4,443 4,819 5,221 5,543 5,946

Employed .................................................................... 52,159 51,692 51,303 52,182 51,601 51,624 51,519 51,695 51,385
Unemployed ............................................................... 2,071 3,341 3,573 2,252 3,185 3,344 3,596 3,533 3,807

Employed .................................................................... 4,772 4,049 4,209 4,953 4,408 4,497 4,363 4,316 4,356
Unemployed ............................................................... 996 937 1,126 980 993 1,059 1,089 1,058 1,108
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Employed .................................................................... 16,015 15,119 15,047 16,009 15,546 15,336 15,212 15,142 15,095
Unemployed ............................................................... 1,661 2,551 2,603 1,728 2,245 2,368 2,330 2,673 2,642

Employed .................................................................... 7,182 6,567 6,621 7,192 6,850 6,762 6,700 6,620 6,656
Unemployed ............................................................... 698 1,365 1,319 725 1,129 1,187 1,218 1,370 1,345

Employed .................................................................... 8,284 8,076 7,993 8,260 8,194 8,115 8,045 8,025 7,993
Unemployed ............................................................... 704 947 995 737 828 890 887 1,038 1,007

Civilian labor force ........................................................ 808 714 723 823 790 749 692 762 736
Employed .................................................................... 548 475 433 557 502 459 467 497 446
Unemployed ............................................................... 259 239 290 266 288 290 225 265 290
See footnotes at end of table.

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

Employment status, race, sex, and age
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 10,669 10,788 10,855 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Civilian labor force ........................................................ 7,156 7,128 7,170 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Participation rate ....................................................... 67.1 66.1 66.1 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Employed .................................................................... 6,881 6,659 6,690 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Employment-population ratio .................................... 64.5 61.7 61.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Unemployed ............................................................... 275 469 480 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Unemployment rate .................................................. 3.8 6.6 6.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Not in labor force .......................................................... 3,513 3,660 3,685 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in
identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population
2 Data not available. controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

Employment status, sex, and age
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Employed .................................................................... 20,699 19,895 19,673 20,565 19,800 19,684 19,640 19,854 19,595
Unemployed ............................................................... 1,405 2,422 2,626 1,560 2,132 2,416 2,536 2,521 2,843

Employed .................................................................... 11,893 11,407 11,330 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Unemployed ............................................................... 734 1,291 1,409 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)

Employed .................................................................... 7,874 7,740 7,619 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Unemployed ............................................................... 473 860 891 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)

Employed .................................................................... 933 748 724 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Unemployed ............................................................... 198 270 326 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of
identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of
2 Data not available. January data.
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Educational attainment
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 12,423 12,180 12,402 12,139 12,024 11,955 11,997 12,027 12,210
Participation rate ......................................................... 46.5 46.2 46.6 45.4 45.9 46.4 45.7 45.7 45.9
Employed ...................................................................... 11,512 10,399 10,667 11,117 10,577 10,445 10,399 10,251 10,321
Employment-population ratio ...................................... 43.1 39.5 40.1 41.6 40.4 40.5 39.6 38.9 38.8
Unemployed ................................................................. 911 1,781 1,736 1,022 1,446 1,510 1,598 1,776 1,889
Unemployment rate .................................................... 7.3 14.6 14.0 8.4 12.0 12.6 13.3 14.8 15.5
High school graduates, no college 1

Employed ...................................................................... 36,387 34,733 34,827 36,233 35,599 35,270 34,981 35,086 34,881
Unemployed ................................................................. 1,811 3,568 3,609 1,987 3,075 3,193 3,454 3,601 3,875
Some college or associate degree

Employed ...................................................................... 35,101 34,169 33,914 35,152 34,433 34,738 34,267 34,207 34,013
Unemployed ................................................................. 1,464 2,748 2,707 1,566 2,260 2,624 2,653 2,752 2,847
Bachelor’s degree and higher 2

Employed ...................................................................... 43,673 43,547 43,368 43,535 43,474 43,177 43,431 43,466 43,332
Unemployed ................................................................. 939 1,831 2,070 1,004 1,735 1,850 1,970 1,977 2,167
1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.
Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
(In thousands)

Category
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries ................................... 2,160 2,087 2,205 2,136 2,149 2,148 2,050 2,134 2,173
Wage and salary workers ............................................. 1,264 1,164 1,278 1,247 1,233 1,244 1,167 1,209 1,256
Self-employed workers ................................................. 865 894 901 849 903 875 875 887 882
Unpaid family workers .................................................. 31 29 26 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Nonagricultural industries ............................................... 143,767 138,498 138,158 143,830 139,952 139,579 138,842 138,828 138,296
Wage and salary workers ............................................. 134,164 129,381 128,997 134,328 131,110 130,465 129,478 129,724 129,298
Government ................................................................ 21,601 21,548 21,607 21,253 21,237 21,192 20,904 21,211 21,247
Private industries ........................................................ 112,563 107,832 107,389 113,063 109,997 109,311 108,674 108,555 108,054
Private households ................................................... 774 716 779 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Other industries ........................................................ 111,789 107,116 106,610 112,271 109,217 108,574 107,898 107,813 107,238
Self-employed workers ................................................. 9,470 9,063 9,099 9,383 8,816 8,962 9,184 9,052 8,990
Unpaid family workers .................................................. 132 54 63 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 2
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons .................................. 5,096 8,648 8,785 5,290 7,839 8,626 9,049 8,910 9,084
Slack work or business conditions ........................... 3,560 6,533 6,647 3,658 5,766 6,443 6,857 6,699 6,794
Could only find part-time work ................................. 1,264 1,852 1,898 1,305 1,667 1,764 1,839 1,810 1,922
Part time for noneconomic reasons ............................ 19,708 19,644 19,111 19,396 18,864 18,855 18,833 19,065 18,872
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons .................................. 5,046 8,556 8,663 5,218 7,705 8,543 8,942 8,826 8,928
Slack work or business conditions ........................... 3,522 6,462 6,552 3,599 5,660 6,390 6,773 6,650 6,681
Could only find part-time work ................................. 1,261 1,842 1,886 1,297 1,658 1,760 1,850 1,802 1,909
Part time for noneconomic reasons ............................ 19,350 19,282 18,783 18,997 18,567 18,562 18,493 18,661 18,502
1 Data not available. reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather.
2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not
jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the
industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the
usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for release of January data.
Table A-6. Selected employment indicators
(In thousands)

Characteristic
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over ................................................. 145,927 140,586 140,363 145,974 142,099 141,748 140,887 141,007 140,570
16 to 19 years ............................................................... 5,660 4,799 4,910 5,868 5,188 5,184 5,083 5,103 5,082
16 to 17 years ............................................................. 1,919 1,585 1,704 2,048 1,741 1,854 1,755 1,737 1,795
18 to 19 years ............................................................. 3,741 3,214 3,206 3,790 3,441 3,348 3,300 3,353 3,260
20 years and over ......................................................... 140,267 135,786 135,453 140,106 136,911 136,564 135,804 135,904 135,488
20 to 24 years ............................................................. 13,595 12,939 12,678 13,696 13,050 13,157 13,090 13,090 12,842
25 years and over ....................................................... 126,672 122,847 122,775 126,372 123,911 123,302 122,662 122,838 122,650
25 to 54 years ........................................................... 99,993 95,761 95,461 99,746 96,693 96,255 95,720 95,805 95,394
25 to 34 years ......................................................... 31,573 30,092 29,936 31,524 30,449 30,369 30,211 30,140 29,955
35 to 44 years ......................................................... 33,820 31,811 31,764 33,689 32,308 31,999 31,746 31,770 31,681
45 to 54 years ......................................................... 34,601 33,859 33,761 34,533 33,936 33,888 33,763 33,896 33,758
55 years and over ..................................................... 26,679 27,086 27,314 26,626 27,218 27,047 26,942 27,032 27,256
Men, 16 years and over .................................................. 77,983 73,771 74,009 77,932 75,092 74,777 74,053 74,116 74,033
16 to 19 years ............................................................... 2,832 2,303 2,364 2,940 2,479 2,484 2,398 2,438 2,440
16 to 17 years ............................................................. 927 747 821 988 818 837 803 817 851
18 to 19 years ............................................................. 1,904 1,555 1,543 1,944 1,654 1,640 1,579 1,635 1,580
20 years and over ......................................................... 75,152 71,468 71,645 74,992 72,613 72,293 71,655 71,678 71,593
20 to 24 years ............................................................. 7,215 6,612 6,531 7,232 6,723 6,784 6,656 6,701 6,574
25 years and over ....................................................... 67,937 64,856 65,113 67,746 65,879 65,479 65,031 64,960 65,001
25 to 54 years ........................................................... 53,797 50,700 50,743 53,640 51,480 51,125 50,865 50,802 50,672
25 to 34 years ......................................................... 17,357 16,122 16,090 17,300 16,461 16,449 16,288 16,199 16,082
35 to 44 years ......................................................... 18,210 17,024 17,034 18,150 17,452 17,144 17,027 17,027 17,002
45 to 54 years ......................................................... 18,230 17,555 17,618 18,190 17,567 17,532 17,550 17,576 17,588
55 years and over ..................................................... 14,140 14,156 14,371 14,106 14,399 14,354 14,166 14,157 14,329
Women, 16 years and over ............................................ 67,943 66,815 66,354 68,042 67,007 66,970 66,834 66,890 66,537
16 to 19 years ............................................................... 2,828 2,497 2,546 2,928 2,709 2,699 2,685 2,664 2,642
16 to 17 years ............................................................. 992 838 883 1,060 923 1,017 952 920 944
18 to 19 years ............................................................. 1,836 1,659 1,663 1,846 1,787 1,708 1,721 1,718 1,681
20 years and over ......................................................... 65,115 64,318 63,809 65,114 64,298 64,271 64,148 64,226 63,895
20 to 24 years ............................................................. 6,380 6,327 6,146 6,464 6,327 6,372 6,434 6,389 6,268
25 years and over ....................................................... 58,736 57,991 57,662 58,627 58,032 57,823 57,631 57,878 57,649
25 to 54 years ........................................................... 46,196 45,061 44,719 46,106 45,213 45,131 44,855 45,003 44,722
25 to 34 years ......................................................... 14,216 13,970 13,846 14,224 13,988 13,920 13,922 13,941 13,873
35 to 44 years ......................................................... 15,610 14,787 14,730 15,539 14,856 14,855 14,719 14,742 14,679
45 to 54 years ......................................................... 16,370 16,304 16,143 16,343 16,369 16,356 16,214 16,320 16,170
55 years and over ..................................................... 12,540 12,930 12,943 12,521 12,819 12,693 12,776 12,875 12,927
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present ......................................... 46,024 44,470 44,337 45,871 44,712 44,502 44,470 44,469 44,255
Married women, spouse present .................................... 36,298 35,668 35,589 36,122 35,375 35,563 35,481 35,444 35,391
Women who maintain families ........................................ 9,189 8,951 8,928 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers 2 ......................................................... 120,809 112,746 113,083 120,909 115,794 114,853 113,665 113,725 113,318
Part-time workers 3 ......................................................... 25,117 27,840 27,280 25,028 26,200 26,590 26,963 27,066 27,195
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders ................................................. 7,653 7,781 7,265 7,685 7,441 7,626 7,656 7,748 7,292
Percent of total employed ........................................... 5.2 5.5 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.2
1 Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not
2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the
per week. various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the
3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 release of January data.
hours per week.
Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons Unemployment rates 1
Characteristic (in thousands)

2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over ................................................. 8,536 13,724 14,511 5.5 7.6 8.1 8.5 8.9 9.4
16 to 19 years ............................................................... 1,363 1,398 1,491 18.9 20.8 21.6 21.7 21.5 22.7
16 to 17 years ............................................................. 560 520 548 21.5 21.4 22.9 23.7 23.0 23.4
18 to 19 years ............................................................. 810 908 966 17.6 20.2 21.0 20.9 21.3 22.9
20 years and over ......................................................... 7,173 12,326 13,019 4.9 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.3 8.8
20 to 24 years ............................................................. 1,581 2,258 2,265 10.3 12.1 12.9 14.0 14.7 15.0
25 years and over ....................................................... 5,554 9,999 10,740 4.2 6.4 6.9 7.2 7.5 8.1
25 to 54 years ........................................................... 4,650 8,139 8,777 4.5 6.7 7.2 7.6 7.8 8.4
25 to 34 years ......................................................... 1,791 3,229 3,514 5.4 7.9 8.7 9.0 9.7 10.5
35 to 44 years ......................................................... 1,509 2,580 2,789 4.3 6.5 6.8 7.2 7.5 8.1
45 to 54 years ......................................................... 1,350 2,330 2,474 3.8 5.9 6.2 6.6 6.4 6.8
55 years and over ..................................................... 915 1,849 1,961 3.3 5.2 5.6 6.2 6.4 6.7
Men, 16 years and over .................................................. 4,695 8,242 8,691 5.7 8.3 8.8 9.5 10.0 10.5
16 to 19 years ............................................................... 774 839 889 20.8 24.4 24.9 25.7 25.6 26.7
16 to 17 years ............................................................. 308 291 301 23.7 26.5 26.5 28.2 26.3 26.1
18 to 19 years ............................................................. 480 555 609 19.8 22.8 24.7 24.6 25.3 27.8
20 years and over ......................................................... 3,921 7,403 7,802 5.0 7.6 8.1 8.8 9.4 9.8
20 to 24 years ............................................................. 902 1,424 1,395 11.1 14.1 14.6 16.7 17.5 17.5
25 years and over ....................................................... 3,016 5,911 6,395 4.3 6.9 7.5 7.9 8.3 9.0
25 to 54 years ........................................................... 2,509 4,889 5,320 4.5 7.3 7.9 8.3 8.8 9.5
25 to 34 years ......................................................... 1,013 2,026 2,162 5.5 8.8 9.5 10.1 11.1 11.9
35 to 44 years ......................................................... 791 1,516 1,691 4.2 6.6 7.2 7.7 8.2 9.0
45 to 54 years ......................................................... 705 1,347 1,468 3.7 6.7 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.7
55 years and over ..................................................... 507 1,022 1,074 3.5 5.3 6.0 6.3 6.7 7.0
Women, 16 years and over ............................................ 3,841 5,482 5,820 5.3 6.7 7.3 7.5 7.6 8.0
16 to 19 years ............................................................... 589 560 602 16.7 17.1 18.3 17.8 17.4 18.6
16 to 17 years ............................................................. 252 229 247 19.2 16.2 19.8 19.4 19.9 20.7
18 to 19 years ............................................................. 330 353 358 15.2 17.5 17.0 17.2 17.1 17.5
20 years and over ......................................................... 3,252 4,922 5,217 4.8 6.2 6.7 7.0 7.1 7.5
20 to 24 years ............................................................. 679 834 870 9.5 10.0 10.9 11.0 11.5 12.2
25 years and over ....................................................... 2,538 4,088 4,345 4.1 5.8 6.2 6.5 6.6 7.0
25 to 54 years ........................................................... 2,141 3,250 3,457 4.4 6.0 6.4 6.7 6.7 7.2
25 to 34 years ......................................................... 778 1,203 1,352 5.2 6.8 7.7 7.6 7.9 8.9
35 to 44 years ......................................................... 717 1,064 1,098 4.4 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.7 7.0
45 to 54 years ......................................................... 645 983 1,007 3.8 5.0 5.3 6.1 5.7 5.9
55 years and over 2 .................................................. 357 745 791 2.8 5.4 5.3 5.8 5.4 5.8
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present ......................................... 1,395 2,986 3,219 3.0 5.0 5.5 5.8 6.3 6.8
Married women, spouse present .................................... 1,194 2,077 2,136 3.2 4.7 5.1 5.4 5.5 5.7
Women who maintain families 2 ..................................... 683 999 1,102 6.9 10.3 10.3 10.8 10.0 11.0
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers 3 ......................................................... 7,049 12,037 12,802 5.5 8.0 8.6 9.2 9.6 10.2
Part-time workers 4 ......................................................... 1,458 1,744 1,737 5.5 5.9 5.8 5.9 6.1 6.0
1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.
2 Not seasonally adjusted. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not
3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the
work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the
4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to release of January data.
Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

Reason
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs 3,949 8,687 8,930 4,319 6,980 7,696 8,243 8,814 9,546
On temporary layoff .................................................... 856 1,586 1,459 1,121 1,441 1,488 1,557 1,625 1,832
Not on temporary layoff .............................................. 3,094 7,101 7,471 3,197 5,539 6,208 6,686 7,189 7,714
Permanent job losers .............................................. 2,220 5,853 6,140 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Persons who completed temporary jobs ................ 874 1,248 1,331 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Job leavers ..................................................................... 819 842 851 881 917 820 887 890 910
Reentrants ...................................................................... 2,515 2,932 3,236 2,522 2,751 2,834 2,974 3,087 3,180
New entrants .................................................................. 793 788 956 832 780 1,005 868 900 956
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed ........................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Job losers and persons who completed temporary
jobs ............................................................................. 48.9 65.6 63.9 50.5 61.1 62.3 63.5 64.4 65.4
On temporary layoff .................................................. 10.6 12.0 10.4 13.1 12.6 12.0 12.0 11.9 12.6
Not on temporary layoff ............................................ 38.3 53.6 53.5 37.4 48.5 50.2 51.5 52.5 52.9
Job leavers ................................................................... 10.1 6.4 6.1 10.3 8.0 6.6 6.8 6.5 6.2
Reentrants .................................................................... 31.1 22.1 23.2 29.5 24.1 22.9 22.9 22.5 21.8
New entrants ................................................................ 9.8 5.9 6.8 9.7 6.8 8.1 6.7 6.6 6.6
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary

jobs ............................................................................. 2.6 5.6 5.8 2.8 4.5 5.0 5.4 5.7 6.2
Job leavers ................................................................... .5 .5 .6 .6 .6 .5 .6 .6 .6
Reentrants .................................................................... 1.6 1.9 2.1 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1
New entrants ................................................................ .5 .5 .6 .5 .5 .7 .6 .6 .6
1 Data not available.

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

Duration
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks .............................................................................. 3,222 2,855 3,192 3,257 3,658 3,404 3,371 3,346 3,275
5 to 14 weeks ..................................................................................... 2,035 3,526 3,633 2,478 3,519 3,969 4,041 3,982 4,321
15 weeks and over ............................................................................. 2,819 6,867 7,148 2,808 4,634 5,264 5,715 6,211 7,002
15 to 26 weeks ................................................................................ 1,263 2,966 3,179 1,238 1,987 2,347 2,534 2,531 3,054
27 weeks and over .......................................................................... 1,557 3,901 3,969 1,570 2,647 2,917 3,182 3,680 3,948
Average (mean) duration, in weeks .................................................... 17.0 23.4 23.1 16.8 19.8 19.8 20.1 21.4 22.5
Median duration, in weeks .................................................................. 8.2 15.4 15.1 8.3 10.3 11.0 11.2 12.5 14.9
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed ............................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Less than 5 weeks ............................................................................ 39.9 21.5 22.8 38.1 31.0 26.9 25.7 24.7 22.4
5 to 14 weeks ................................................................................... 25.2 26.6 26.0 29.0 29.8 31.4 30.8 29.4 29.6
15 weeks and over ........................................................................... 34.9 51.8 51.2 32.9 39.2 41.7 43.5 45.9 48.0
15 to 26 weeks ............................................................................... 15.6 22.4 22.8 14.5 16.8 18.6 19.3 18.7 20.9
27 weeks and over ......................................................................... 19.3 29.4 28.4 18.4 22.4 23.1 24.2 27.2 27.0
Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
Unemployment
Employed Unemployed
rates
Occupation
May May May May May May
2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009
Total, 16 years and over 1 ....................................................... 145,927 140,363 8,076 13,973 5.2 9.1
Management, professional, and related occupations ............. 52,544 52,256 1,407 2,373 2.6 4.3
Management, business, and financial operations
occupations ................................................................................ 21,822 21,368 610 1,032 2.7 4.6
Professional and related occupations ...................................... 30,722 30,888 796 1,341 2.5 4.2
Service occupations ....................................................................... 24,679 24,884 1,648 2,578 6.3 9.4
Sales and office occupations ....................................................... 35,589 33,854 1,779 3,115 4.8 8.4
Sales and related occupations .................................................. 16,167 15,627 861 1,528 5.1 8.9
Office and administrative support occupations ...................... 19,422 18,227 918 1,587 4.5 8.0
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations .................................................................................... 14,876 13,445 1,207 2,398 7.5 15.1
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................. 1,008 1,004 80 111 7.3 10.0
Construction and extraction occupations ................................ 8,684 7,339 907 1,796 9.5 19.7
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ................ 5,184 5,103 220 491 4.1 8.8
Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations .................................................................................... 18,238 15,923 1,228 2,517 6.3 13.7
Production occupations .............................................................. 9,136 7,557 653 1,396 6.7 15.6
Transportation and material moving occupations ................. 9,103 8,366 575 1,122 5.9 11.8
1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed Unemployment
persons rates
Industry and class of worker (in thousands)
May May May May

2008 2009 2008 2009
Total, 16 years and over 1 .................................................... 8,076 13,973 5.2 9.1

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .................... 6,362 11,649 5.3 9.8
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction ......................... 28 98 3.4 13.3
Construction .................................................................................. 809 1,768 8.6 19.2
Manufacturing ............................................................................... 879 2,010 5.3 12.6
Durable goods ............................................................................ 565 1,320 5.4 13.2
Nondurable goods ..................................................................... 314 690 5.3 11.5
Wholesale and retail trade ......................................................... 1,049 1,835 5.2 9.0
Transportation and utilities ......................................................... 269 506 4.3 8.5
Information ..................................................................................... 170 303 5.0 9.5
Financial activities ........................................................................ 361 536 3.7 5.7
Professional and business services ......................................... 829 1,514 5.9 10.9
Education and health services .................................................. 619 1,005 3.2 4.9
Leisure and hospitality ................................................................ 1,074 1,599 8.4 11.9
Other services ............................................................................... 275 476 4.4 7.5
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers ...... 94 136 7.4 10.0
Government workers ..................................................................... 461 702 2.1 3.1
Self employed and unpaid family workers ................................. 366 530 3.4 5.0
1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2009 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2007
Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2007 North American Industry Classification
System. No historical data have been revised.
Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
(Percent)

Measure
2008 2009 2009 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the

civilian labor force ..................................................................... 1.8 4.5 4.6 1.8 3.0 3.4 3.7 4.0 4.5
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a

percent of the civilian labor force .............................................. 2.6 5.6 5.8 2.8 4.5 5.0 5.4 5.7 6.2
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force

(official unemployment rate) ................................................. 5.2 8.6 9.1 5.5 7.6 8.1 8.5 8.9 9.4
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the

civilian labor force plus discouraged workers ........................... 5.5 9.0 9.5 5.8 8.0 8.5 8.9 9.3 9.8
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other

marginally attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor
force plus all marginally attached workers ................................ 6.1 9.8 10.3 6.4 8.8 9.3 9.8 10.1 10.6
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus

total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent
of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers 9.4 15.4 15.9 9.8 13.9 14.8 15.6 15.8 16.4
NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a
working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job part-time schedule. For more information, see "BLS introduces new range of
and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly
subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not Labor Review. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the
looking currently for a job. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are release of January data.
Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
Total Men Women

Category
May May May May May May
2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force .................................................................. 79,402 81,116 30,470 31,545 48,932 49,570
Persons who currently want a job ...................................................... 5,393 6,612 2,427 3,110 2,966 3,501
Marginally attached to the labor force 1 ........................................ 1,416 2,210 754 1,165 662 1,046
Reason not currently looking:
Discouragement over job prospects 2 .................................. 400 792 260 499 140 294
Reasons other than discouragement 3 ................................. 1,016 1,418 494 666 522 752
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders 4 .................................................................. 7,653 7,265 3,842 3,540 3,812 3,725
Percent of total employed ............................................................... 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.8 5.6 5.6
Primary job full time, secondary job part time ................................. 4,205 3,908 2,300 2,034 1,904 1,873
Primary and secondary jobs both part time .................................... 1,827 1,832 577 634 1,250 1,199
Primary and secondary jobs both full time ...................................... 286 231 195 155 91 76
Hours vary on primary or secondary job ......................................... 1,296 1,254 739 691 557 563
1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
were available to take a job during the reference week. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their
2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, secondary job(s), not shown separately.
employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of
3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such January data.
reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
(In thousands)
Change
Industry May Mar. Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May from:
2008 2009 2009p 2009p 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009p 2009p Apr. 2009-
May 2009 p
Total nonfarm ............................. 138,190 132,077 132,348 132,667 137,517 134,333 133,652 133,000 132,496 132,151 -345
Total private ........................................ 115,314 109,148 109,320 109,663 115,029 111,793 111,105 110,457 109,861 109,523 -338
Goods-producing ............................................ 21,658 19,056 18,986 18,999 21,612 20,127 19,832 19,520 19,246 19,021 -225
Mining and logging ................................................... 764 739 728 724 763 781 771 754 742 732 -10
Logging ........................................................... 55.5 49.2 47.6 49.5 57.3 55.2 54.5 51.9 51.4 51.6 .2
Mining .................................................................... 708.6 689.3 680.8 674.4 705.5 725.3 716.4 701.9 690.7 680.2 -10.5
Oil and gas extraction ........................................ 158.5 165.2 164.6 165.5 158.8 167.7 167.8 166.9 167.1 167.1 .0
Mining, except oil and gas 1................................. 230.8 213.5 217.5 221.0 226.3 227.9 225.7 222.8 221.1 219.0 -2.1
Coal mining ...................................................... 78.8 83.2 82.0 80.5 79.2 84.9 84.1 83.3 82.5 81.2 -1.3
Support activities for mining .............................. 319.3 310.6 298.7 287.9 320.4 329.7 322.9 312.2 302.5 294.1 -8.4
Construction ............................................................. 7,352 6,121 6,202 6,331 7,293 6,706 6,593 6,470 6,362 6,303 -59
Construction of buildings ................................... 1,678.1 1,420.5 1,420.9 1,434.1 1,676.9 1,536.9 1,509.5 1,481.5 1,458.4 1,445.7 -12.7
Residential building ......................................... 849.8 689.3 691.6 697.2 847.4 755.2 741.2 724.2 712.3 701.0 -11.3
Nonresidential building .................................... 828.3 731.2 729.3 736.9 829.5 781.7 768.3 757.3 746.1 744.7 -1.4
Heavy and civil engineering construction ........ 1,005.3 826.6 864.2 903.4 982.1 926.6 919.0 907.2 889.0 880.3 -8.7
Specialty trade contractors ............................... 4,668.7 3,873.9 3,917.3 3,993.0 4,633.6 4,242.2 4,164.4 4,081.4 4,015.0 3,976.5 -38.5
Residential specialty trade contractors ........... 2,070.4 1,677.3 1,697.7 1,740.1 2,051.4 1,838.3 1,801.2 1,770.3 1,735.9 1,727.7 -8.2
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors ..... 2,598.3 2,196.6 2,219.6 2,252.9 2,582.2 2,403.9 2,363.2 2,311.1 2,279.1 2,248.8 -30.3
Manufacturing ........................................................... 13,542 12,196 12,056 11,944 13,556 12,640 12,468 12,296 12,142 11,986 -156
Production workers ....................................... 9,767 8,570 8,472 8,370 9,770 8,946 8,804 8,654 8,531 8,398 -133
Durable goods ....................................................... 8,568 7,575 7,455 7,338 8,567 7,881 7,753 7,620 7,485 7,354 -131
Wood products ................................................... 468.5 377.0 377.5 377.0 468.3 403.9 390.4 388.4 383.7 377.1 -6.6
Nonmetallic mineral products ............................ 476.4 403.8 414.2 411.3 473.0 434.3 425.8 417.0 415.2 409.0 -6.2
Primary metals .................................................... 448.3 385.6 373.3 364.2 447.9 409.3 395.2 386.4 375.4 365.6 -9.8
Fabricated metal products ................................. 1,539.6 1,362.6 1,334.0 1,316.5 1,544.8 1,425.3 1,399.0 1,370.3 1,343.1 1,324.4 -18.7
Machinery ........................................................... 1,192.6 1,068.7 1,040.9 1,013.3 1,192.2 1,126.0 1,100.8 1,070.5 1,045.3 1,018.9 -26.4
Computer and electronic products 1.................... 1,250.1 1,184.5 1,168.1 1,154.5 1,252.8 1,212.9 1,196.9 1,187.1 1,173.1 1,158.7 -14.4
Computer and peripheral equipment ............. 183.6 173.4 167.8 165.2 183.6 180.3 175.5 173.5 168.5 165.3 -3.2
Communications equipment ........................... 129.0 128.1 128.1 127.4 129.1 129.6 129.0 128.5 128.3 127.7 -.6
Semiconductors and electronic components . 433.5 396.3 388.5 382.8 434.4 410.5 403.3 397.6 390.8 384.9 -5.9
Electronic instruments ..................................... 442.2 430.5 429.1 425.4 443.1 433.8 431.9 430.9 430.3 426.1 -4.2
Electrical equipment and appliances ................ 427.5 387.8 378.7 373.3 428.5 406.1 399.1 389.7 380.5 374.5 -6.0
Transportation equipment 1.................................. 1,644.1 1,402.9 1,370.5 1,335.8 1,636.6 1,423.5 1,423.7 1,400.4 1,366.5 1,330.6 -35.9
Motor vehicles and parts 2................................. 905.5 708.3 683.2 651.7 897.2 711.2 718.7 702.8 675.9 646.1 -29.8
Furniture and related products .......................... 491.3 405.0 399.7 395.6 491.6 428.6 417.4 408.8 401.3 394.6 -6.7
Miscellaneous manufacturing ............................ 629.4 596.9 598.1 596.3 631.4 611.0 604.5 601.1 601.1 600.1 -1.0
Nondurable goods ................................................. 4,974 4,621 4,601 4,606 4,989 4,759 4,715 4,676 4,657 4,632 -25
Food manufacturing ........................................... 1,463.7 1,435.3 1,440.1 1,453.3 1,483.1 1,470.7 1,467.2 1,464.4 1,476.1 1,474.6 -1.5
Beverages and tobacco products ...................... 200.9 185.7 186.3 188.8 201.4 194.2 191.3 191.6 190.9 190.1 -.8
Textile mills ......................................................... 155.1 127.4 126.7 127.2 154.3 133.6 130.0 128.2 127.8 127.0 -.8
Textile product mills ........................................... 150.2 128.7 126.3 126.4 149.1 137.4 134.2 129.3 127.3 127.2 -.1
Apparel ................................................................ 201.7 172.2 168.4 169.8 200.8 178.9 176.3 173.8 169.9 170.1 .2
Leather and allied products ............................... 33.6 31.5 32.0 31.7 33.6 32.4 31.9 31.7 31.8 31.6 -.2
Paper and paper products ................................. 449.5 415.2 412.8 408.7 449.8 427.3 422.5 418.3 414.5 409.4 -5.1
Printing and related support activities ............... 601.3 538.8 530.2 529.6 601.2 558.1 549.2 541.5 534.7 531.1 -3.6
Petroleum and coal products ............................. 119.2 111.5 113.5 114.5 117.1 114.2 114.6 114.5 114.4 113.8 -.6
Chemicals ........................................................... 854.3 821.0 815.8 815.5 854.2 832.7 828.2 823.4 819.2 816.6 -2.6
Plastics and rubber products ............................. 744.3 653.8 649.0 640.4 744.3 679.7 669.3 659.0 650.2 640.4 -9.8
See footnotes at the end of table.

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued
(In thousands)
Change
2008 2009 2009p 2009p 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009p 2009p Apr. 2009-
May 2009 p
Service-providing .............................................. 116,532 113,021 113,362 113,668 115,905 114,206 113,820 113,480 113,250 113,130 -120
Private service-providing ............................... 93,656 90,092 90,334 90,664 93,417 91,666 91,273 90,937 90,615 90,502 -113
Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................... 26,447 25,173 25,116 25,232 26,503 25,735 25,605 25,479 25,364 25,310 -54
Wholesale trade .................................................... 5,998.0 5,706.4 5,689.3 5,690.1 5,989.3 5,819.3 5,773.7 5,741.3 5,707.2 5,685.3 -21.9
Durable goods .................................................... 3,078.7 2,884.6 2,862.5 2,858.7 3,078.2 2,959.6 2,926.2 2,899.4 2,874.7 2,860.9 -13.8
Nondurable goods .............................................. 2,071.0 1,985.1 1,990.7 2,000.8 2,063.7 2,013.9 2,006.6 2,002.5 1,997.3 1,994.4 -2.9
Electronic markets and agents and brokers ..... 848.3 836.7 836.1 830.6 847.4 845.8 840.9 839.4 835.2 830.0 -5.2
Retail trade ............................................................ 15,335.2 14,640.4 14,632.8 14,733.2 15,419.9 14,991.5 14,934.3 14,872.4 14,835.9 14,818.4 -17.5
Motor vehicle and parts dealers 1........................ 1,891.0 1,683.6 1,685.7 1,689.7 1,877.4 1,730.1 1,716.8 1,701.8 1,690.8 1,681.9 -8.9
Automobile dealers ......................................... 1,219.0 1,058.6 1,054.8 1,054.0 1,214.6 1,088.6 1,078.7 1,067.7 1,059.1 1,052.2 -6.9
Furniture and home furnishings stores ............. 539.4 489.5 485.5 482.1 547.6 508.3 499.7 497.7 492.3 487.3 -5.0
Electronics and appliance stores ....................... 546.9 513.7 511.6 503.3 555.0 535.5 533.7 518.6 516.9 513.6 -3.3
Building material and garden supply stores ...... 1,321.4 1,168.7 1,208.1 1,240.1 1,256.0 1,214.9 1,207.1 1,193.5 1,189.1 1,185.7 -3.4
Food and beverage stores ................................. 2,861.0 2,802.3 2,794.5 2,820.3 2,864.0 2,835.3 2,826.0 2,827.6 2,825.6 2,824.6 -1.0
Health and personal care stores ....................... 1,001.4 980.2 978.8 980.2 1,004.8 985.7 986.9 985.0 983.5 982.7 -.8
Gasoline stations ................................................ 840.5 820.6 824.7 832.1 838.1 833.0 832.1 830.4 831.2 829.9 -1.3
Clothing and clothing accessories stores ......... 1,444.4 1,379.1 1,375.7 1,380.4 1,490.9 1,445.0 1,443.8 1,433.4 1,432.1 1,428.8 -3.3
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music
stores ................................................................ 630.6 591.3 586.2 590.4 649.2 620.8 613.6 610.0 608.9 608.2 -.7
General merchandise stores 1............................. 2,979.0 3,013.9 2,985.1 3,000.6 3,043.2 3,040.7 3,040.7 3,045.5 3,042.4 3,049.3 6.9
Department stores .......................................... 1,512.0 1,498.7 1,478.1 1,487.9 1,564.0 1,529.1 1,532.6 1,530.9 1,523.9 1,528.4 4.5
Miscellaneous store retailers ............................. 850.4 788.0 791.0 809.3 851.8 819.5 815.1 810.4 805.9 808.9 3.0
Nonstore retailers ............................................... 429.2 409.5 405.9 404.7 441.9 422.7 418.8 418.5 417.2 417.5 .3
Transportation and warehousing .......................... 4,556.1 4,257.5 4,226.7 4,239.4 4,536.3 4,354.4 4,327.0 4,295.5 4,251.1 4,236.6 -14.5
Air transportation ................................................ 499.4 472.4 468.8 470.5 498.3 476.8 474.8 474.0 469.3 470.1 .8
Rail transportation .............................................. 231.7 219.4 216.9 216.9 230.3 227.1 224.1 220.7 217.3 216.8 -.5
Water transportation ........................................... 66.2 56.9 57.1 56.9 65.8 59.7 60.9 59.6 58.1 57.4 -.7
Truck transportation ........................................... 1,405.8 1,275.1 1,265.4 1,269.9 1,405.1 1,323.3 1,313.9 1,300.3 1,281.8 1,273.7 -8.1
Transit and ground passenger transportation ... 439.2 419.5 414.8 426.3 418.8 408.1 406.4 406.2 399.3 405.7 6.4
Pipeline transportation ....................................... 41.6 42.6 42.9 42.4 41.7 43.1 43.1 43.0 43.1 42.7 -.4
Scenic and sightseeing transportation .............. 29.8 20.7 24.4 30.5 28.1 26.9 27.0 27.0 27.9 29.1 1.2
Support activities for transportation ................... 593.0 549.7 547.8 540.3 591.5 569.3 561.0 554.6 551.6 545.4 -6.2
Couriers and messengers .................................. 575.1 554.7 550.0 547.8 578.9 563.2 563.7 558.5 556.0 551.2 -4.8
Warehousing and storage .................................. 674.3 646.5 638.6 637.9 677.8 656.9 652.1 651.6 646.7 644.5 -2.2
Utilities ................................................................... 557.6 568.7 567.1 569.2 557.0 569.3 570.0 570.1 569.7 569.5 -.2
Information ................................................................ 3,018 2,902 2,884 2,865 3,013 2,924 2,918 2,905 2,885 2,861 -24
Publishing industries, except Internet ............... 886.7 826.1 817.5 809.4 890.4 846.3 836.3 827.8 820.9 812.4 -8.5
Motion picture and sound recording industries . 389.4 393.2 393.1 386.3 383.3 376.7 389.8 393.7 389.3 379.9 -9.4
Broadcasting, except Internet ............................ 317.4 297.7 294.4 293.6 317.7 306.5 302.5 299.0 296.7 295.3 -1.4
Telecommunications .......................................... 1,025.1 996.5 987.4 988.3 1,025.3 1,001.6 999.5 996.7 990.0 988.5 -1.5
Data processing, hosting and related services . 267.1 254.9 258.1 253.7 263.3 257.0 254.6 253.9 255.1 251.6 -3.5
Other information services ................................. 132.4 133.9 133.2 133.8 132.5 135.7 134.8 134.1 133.4 133.6 .2
Financial activities .................................................... 8,183 7,818 7,777 7,763 8,179 7,954 7,898 7,857 7,812 7,782 -30
Finance and insurance .......................................... 6,038.1 5,827.1 5,787.7 5,767.0 6,039.7 5,890.4 5,853.9 5,829.5 5,798.0 5,778.7 -19.3
Monetary authorities - central bank ................... 22.6 20.8 20.5 20.5 22.5 21.0 20.9 20.8 20.6 20.5 -.1
Credit intermediation and related activities 1....... 2,750.1 2,634.5 2,614.3 2,607.8 2,746.7 2,665.3 2,648.8 2,635.4 2,619.9 2,613.9 -6.0
Depository credit intermediation 1..................... 1,824.6 1,779.8 1,774.7 1,771.5 1,824.8 1,798.1 1,790.9 1,783.4 1,778.7 1,775.5 -3.2
Commercial banking .................................... 1,363.4 1,331.6 1,327.6 1,325.2 1,363.0 1,346.6 1,340.5 1,334.2 1,330.2 1,329.6 -.6
Securities, commodity contracts, investments .. 863.1 806.9 793.5 782.7 865.8 826.5 814.9 805.8 795.1 785.6 -9.5
Insurance carriers and related activities ........... 2,312.8 2,276.8 2,271.7 2,269.0 2,314.7 2,287.4 2,281.1 2,279.4 2,274.5 2,271.0 -3.5
Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles ........ 89.5 88.1 87.7 87.0 90.0 90.2 88.2 88.1 87.9 87.7 -.2
Real estate and rental and leasing ....................... 2,144.6 1,990.4 1,988.9 1,995.9 2,138.9 2,063.2 2,043.8 2,027.0 2,014.0 2,003.2 -10.8
Real estate .......................................................... 1,487.1 1,399.1 1,398.1 1,398.1 1,486.2 1,444.9 1,432.4 1,421.9 1,413.4 1,404.8 -8.6
Rental and leasing services ............................... 630.0 563.2 562.6 569.6 624.8 589.9 583.2 576.6 572.2 569.9 -2.3
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets ......... 27.5 28.1 28.2 28.2 27.9 28.4 28.2 28.5 28.4 28.5 .1
See footnotes at the end of table.

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued
(In thousands)
Change
2008 2009 2009p 2009p 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009p 2009p Apr. 2009-
May 2009 p
Professional and business services ........................ 17,878 16,691 16,767 16,704 17,887 17,205 17,029 16,910 16,799 16,748 -51
Professional and technical services 1..................... 7,759.3 7,748.9 7,739.9 7,575.9 7,821.5 7,765.5 7,729.2 7,697.9 7,683.1 7,664.3 -18.8
Legal services .................................................. 1,163.2 1,138.6 1,135.1 1,133.0 1,165.2 1,154.1 1,148.7 1,144.9 1,141.0 1,139.7 -1.3
Accounting and bookkeeping services ........... 892.7 1,037.8 1,028.0 881.0 944.9 927.5 924.4 929.5 933.7 939.8 6.1
Architectural and engineering services .......... 1,448.5 1,356.4 1,351.3 1,344.4 1,449.3 1,411.1 1,394.2 1,377.9 1,363.5 1,349.1 -14.4
Computer systems design and related
services .......................................................... 1,443.4 1,451.5 1,457.4 1,454.9 1,445.8 1,462.4 1,463.7 1,459.2 1,461.7 1,458.9 -2.8
Management and technical consulting
services .......................................................... 1,000.9 1,006.0 1,009.1 1,011.2 1,002.3 1,025.7 1,021.6 1,016.0 1,017.0 1,017.7 .7
Management of companies and enterprises ....... 1,897.3 1,850.1 1,833.4 1,817.4 1,902.1 1,871.7 1,862.1 1,852.6 1,837.8 1,821.5 -16.3
Administrative and waste services ....................... 8,221.4 7,092.2 7,193.6 7,311.1 8,163.3 7,567.5 7,437.8 7,359.4 7,278.2 7,262.1 -16.1
Administrative and support services 1................. 7,862.0 6,739.0 6,835.3 6,947.2 7,804.4 7,203.1 7,076.5 6,999.2 6,916.8 6,898.4 -18.4
Employment services 1...................................... 3,210.5 2,448.4 2,440.0 2,479.8 3,242.7 2,720.5 2,638.7 2,567.0 2,504.5 2,493.3 -11.2
Temporary help services ............................. 2,403.3 1,735.6 1,725.7 1,764.4 2,426.7 1,965.7 1,892.7 1,835.4 1,780.7 1,774.2 -6.5
Business support services .............................. 824.1 804.5 792.3 783.3 822.6 817.6 805.0 799.1 793.4 788.7 -4.7
Services to buildings and dwellings ............... 1,936.4 1,657.2 1,776.5 1,852.3 1,853.5 1,812.5 1,796.8 1,791.5 1,783.7 1,784.0 .3
Waste management and remediation services 359.4 353.2 358.3 363.9 358.9 364.4 361.3 360.2 361.4 363.7 2.3
Education and health services ................................ 18,847 19,286 19,326 19,283 18,798 19,119 19,138 19,158 19,171 19,215 44
Educational services ............................................. 3,051.9 3,222.7 3,221.2 3,123.2 3,025.4 3,088.4 3,083.1 3,077.9 3,072.6 3,080.5 7.9
Health care and social assistance ........................ 15,794.8 16,062.8 16,104.6 16,160.0 15,772.3 16,030.3 16,054.7 16,080.1 16,098.2 16,134.6 36.4
Health care 3......................................................... 13,257.1 13,503.0 13,533.3 13,565.7 13,268.3 13,490.2 13,515.0 13,535.9 13,554.6 13,578.1 23.5
Ambulatory health care services 1.................... 5,633.2 5,763.4 5,793.8 5,814.4 5,634.9 5,753.3 5,770.1 5,779.8 5,797.0 5,814.6 17.6
Offices of physicians .................................... 2,252.0 2,302.4 2,306.5 2,310.9 2,256.8 2,300.4 2,304.4 2,308.0 2,310.7 2,314.2 3.5
Outpatient care centers ................................ 531.7 537.0 539.0 541.1 531.5 538.0 538.5 537.7 539.2 541.4 2.2
Home health care services .......................... 950.9 992.3 1,006.7 1,016.2 951.8 981.4 991.0 996.7 1,005.9 1,013.2 7.3
Hospitals .......................................................... 4,618.0 4,704.9 4,700.9 4,703.5 4,627.2 4,707.5 4,711.3 4,715.1 4,714.9 4,715.2 .3
Nursing and residential care facilities 1............ 3,005.9 3,034.7 3,038.6 3,047.8 3,006.2 3,029.4 3,033.6 3,041.0 3,042.7 3,048.3 5.6
Nursing care facilities ................................... 1,615.6 1,617.6 1,621.1 1,626.8 1,615.1 1,616.6 1,617.9 1,621.8 1,624.4 1,627.3 2.9
Social assistance 1................................................ 2,537.7 2,559.8 2,571.3 2,594.3 2,504.0 2,540.1 2,539.7 2,544.2 2,543.6 2,556.5 12.9
Child day care services ................................... 888.0 873.5 873.5 886.2 863.3 862.7 860.4 858.2 854.3 861.3 7.0
Leisure and hospitality ............................................. 13,721 12,820 13,050 13,377 13,495 13,268 13,236 13,202 13,164 13,167 3
Arts, entertainment, and recreation ...................... 2,060.1 1,775.9 1,858.5 1,972.8 1,978.3 1,943.8 1,936.2 1,928.7 1,901.8 1,896.4 -5.4
Performing arts and spectator sports ................ 430.3 377.6 396.3 416.8 409.4 405.7 398.6 400.5 393.6 397.7 4.1
Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks ...... 139.2 120.9 128.4 137.9 133.9 130.3 130.9 130.6 130.7 131.5 .8
Amusements, gambling, and recreation ........... 1,490.6 1,277.4 1,333.8 1,418.1 1,435.0 1,407.8 1,406.7 1,397.6 1,377.5 1,367.2 -10.3
Accommodation and food services ...................... 11,660.4 11,043.6 11,191.9 11,403.8 11,516.7 11,323.7 11,299.7 11,273.2 11,261.7 11,270.9 9.2
Accommodation .................................................. 1,879.7 1,672.8 1,679.3 1,715.5 1,872.1 1,768.4 1,754.7 1,732.7 1,723.2 1,723.5 .3
Food services and drinking places .................... 9,780.7 9,370.8 9,512.6 9,688.3 9,644.6 9,555.3 9,545.0 9,540.5 9,538.5 9,547.4 8.9
Other services .......................................................... 5,562 5,402 5,414 5,440 5,542 5,461 5,449 5,426 5,420 5,419 -1
Repair and maintenance .................................... 1,247.0 1,163.6 1,168.7 1,170.1 1,239.6 1,184.7 1,177.3 1,166.3 1,164.5 1,161.1 -3.4
Personal and laundry services .......................... 1,341.7 1,294.3 1,300.6 1,307.8 1,325.3 1,313.6 1,312.5 1,302.4 1,297.2 1,294.1 -3.1
Membership associations and organizations .... 2,972.9 2,943.8 2,944.6 2,962.1 2,976.9 2,963.1 2,958.7 2,956.8 2,958.0 2,963.9 5.9
Government .............................................................. 22,876 22,929 23,028 23,004 22,488 22,540 22,547 22,543 22,635 22,628 -7
Federal ................................................................... 2,764 2,787 2,895 2,881 2,763 2,793 2,796 2,808 2,894 2,879 -15
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service ................. 2,011.7 2,069.2 2,171.5 2,176.2 2,007.7 2,065.8 2,071.0 2,086.0 2,170.9 2,169.4 -1.5
U.S. Postal Service ............................................ 752.4 717.7 723.2 705.2 755.7 726.9 724.9 721.7 722.7 709.6 -13.1
State government .................................................. 5,206 5,323 5,330 5,228 5,167 5,192 5,192 5,186 5,188 5,188 0
State government education .............................. 2,379.8 2,525.4 2,529.5 2,425.2 2,348.0 2,380.2 2,382.3 2,379.9 2,384.1 2,387.5 3.4
State government, excluding education ............ 2,825.8 2,797.5 2,800.5 2,802.6 2,818.5 2,811.6 2,809.4 2,805.9 2,803.6 2,800.2 -3.4
Local government .................................................. 14,906 14,819 14,803 14,895 14,558 14,555 14,559 14,549 14,553 14,561 8
Local government education ............................. 8,431.8 8,444.7 8,413.7 8,433.2 8,085.2 8,070.7 8,076.7 8,078.7 8,082.4 8,084.4 2.0
Local government, excluding education ........... 6,474.1 6,374.7 6,389.6 6,461.9 6,472.9 6,484.7 6,482.5 6,469.8 6,470.1 6,476.1 6.0
1
Includes other industries, not shown separately. 3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing
2
Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor and residential care facilities.
vehicle parts. p = preliminary.
Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and
selected industry detail
Change
2008 2009 2009p 2009p 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009p 2009p Apr. 2009-
May 2009 p
Total private ....................................... 33.6 33.1 32.8 33.0 33.7 33.3 33.3 33.1 33.2 33.1 -0.1
Goods-producing .......................................... 40.2 38.7 38.4 39.0 40.2 39.3 39.2 38.9 39.0 38.9 -.1
Mining and logging ................................................. 44.2 42.9 42.5 43.0 44.6 44.2 43.9 43.4 43.0 43.4 .4
Construction ............................................................ 38.6 37.3 37.0 38.1 38.5 37.9 38.0 37.7 37.6 37.7 .1
Manufacturing ......................................................... 40.9 39.2 38.9 39.3 40.9 39.8 39.5 39.4 39.5 39.3 -.2
Overtime hours ............................................ 3.7 2.5 2.3 2.7 3.9 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.7 .0
Durable goods ..................................................... 41.2 39.2 38.9 39.2 41.2 39.8 39.6 39.3 39.6 39.3 -.3
Overtime hours ............................................ 3.8 2.3 2.1 2.4 3.9 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.4 -.1
Wood products .................................................. 39.3 36.2 36.4 37.6 39.0 36.9 37.1 36.9 37.0 37.0 .0
Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 42.5 39.2 40.1 40.4 42.3 40.2 40.0 39.9 40.2 40.2 .0
Primary metals .................................................. 42.2 40.3 39.1 39.4 42.4 40.4 40.1 40.1 39.9 39.7 -.2
Fabricated metal products .............................. 41.4 38.8 38.4 38.9 41.5 39.7 39.5 39.0 39.2 39.0 -.2
Machinery .......................................................... 42.1 40.0 39.6 39.5 42.2 40.9 40.6 40.1 40.2 39.8 -.4
Computer and electronic products ................ 41.1 39.8 39.6 39.7 41.1 40.7 40.5 39.9 40.2 39.9 -.3
Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 40.8 38.6 38.6 39.3 41.1 39.4 38.9 38.8 39.6 39.4 -.2
Transportation equipment ............................... 41.9 40.0 40.0 40.0 41.9 40.4 40.1 40.0 40.7 39.9 -.8
Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. 41.5 37.9 38.7 37.8 41.4 38.6 38.2 38.0 39.0 37.6 -1.4
Furniture and related products ....................... 38.5 37.5 36.9 37.7 38.8 37.7 37.4 37.7 37.6 37.8 .2
Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 39.0 38.3 37.9 38.1 39.2 38.4 38.2 38.2 38.2 38.1 -.1
Nondurable goods ............................................... 40.3 39.2 38.8 39.3 40.5 39.7 39.5 39.4 39.5 39.5 .0
Overtime hours ............................................ 3.7 2.8 2.6 3.1 3.8 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 .1
Food manufacturing ......................................... 40.7 39.6 38.9 40.0 40.8 40.1 39.9 40.1 40.1 40.1 .0
Beverages and tobacco products .................. 39.9 35.8 35.0 36.9 39.5 37.0 37.0 36.2 35.9 36.5 .6
Textile mills ........................................................ 38.7 36.2 35.9 36.0 38.9 37.1 36.4 36.3 36.4 36.1 -.3
Textile product mills ......................................... 38.3 37.0 36.8 37.2 38.7 37.0 37.1 37.0 37.2 37.4 .2
Apparel ............................................................... 36.1 36.2 35.7 36.2 36.0 36.0 35.6 36.1 36.1 36.1 .0
Leather and allied products ............................ 39.0 33.1 31.9 31.9 38.8 34.0 33.3 32.8 32.2 31.5 -.7
Paper and paper products .............................. 42.1 40.7 41.0 40.6 42.6 41.6 41.5 41.1 41.2 40.8 -.4
Printing and related support activities ........... 38.3 37.6 37.0 37.0 38.6 37.7 37.3 37.5 37.5 37.4 -.1
Petroleum and coal products .......................... 44.0 43.3 43.5 43.8 44.1 45.1 43.8 44.3 44.2 44.2 .0
Chemicals .......................................................... 40.9 40.9 40.7 40.6 41.2 41.1 41.1 40.9 40.9 40.8 -.1
Plastics and rubber products .......................... 41.0 39.3 39.1 39.7 40.9 39.9 39.6 39.4 39.8 39.8 .0
Private service-providing ............................. 32.3 32.1 31.8 31.9 32.4 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 .0
Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 33.1 32.7 32.6 32.9 33.2 32.9 32.8 32.7 32.8 32.9 .1
Wholesale trade ................................................... 38.2 37.9 37.6 37.7 38.3 38.1 37.9 37.8 37.8 37.8 .0
Retail trade ........................................................... 30.0 29.5 29.6 29.9 30.1 29.7 29.8 29.7 29.8 29.9 .1
Transportation and warehousing ...................... 36.2 35.7 35.4 36.0 36.4 36.0 35.7 35.7 36.0 36.2 .2
Utilities ................................................................... 42.4 42.2 42.3 42.0 42.5 42.6 43.2 42.4 42.3 42.1 -.2
Information ............................................................... 36.2 36.8 36.2 36.0 36.6 37.2 36.9 36.7 36.5 36.5 .0
Financial activities .................................................. 35.6 36.5 35.8 35.7 35.9 36.2 36.2 36.1 36.0 36.0 .0
Professional and business services .................... 34.8 34.9 34.4 34.6 34.9 34.9 34.8 34.7 34.8 34.7 -.1
Education and health services ............................. 32.5 32.4 32.2 32.2 32.7 32.4 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 .0
Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 25.3 24.8 24.6 24.7 25.3 24.8 25.0 24.8 24.8 24.8 .0
Other services ......................................................... 30.7 30.5 30.4 30.5 30.8 30.7 30.6 30.5 30.5 30.6 .1
1 Data relate to production workers in mining and logging and manufacturing, 2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor
construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory workers vehicle parts.
in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately p = preliminary.
four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and
Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Industry May Mar. Apr. May May Mar. Apr. May

2008 2009 2009p 2009p 2008 2009 2009p 2009p
Total private ....................................... $17.94 $18.57 $18.53 $18.48 $602.78 $614.67 $607.78 $609.84
Seasonally adjusted ..................... 17.99 18.50 18.52 18.54 606.26 612.35 614.86 613.67
Goods-producing .......................................... 19.15 19.74 19.80 19.84 769.83 763.94 760.32 773.76
Mining and logging ................................................. 21.52 23.40 23.35 23.02 951.18 1,003.86 992.38 989.86
Construction ............................................................ 21.61 22.45 22.46 22.60 834.15 837.39 831.02 861.06
Manufacturing ......................................................... 17.65 18.09 18.15 18.08 721.89 709.13 706.04 710.54
Durable goods ..................................................... 18.60 19.17 19.21 19.20 766.32 751.46 747.27 752.64
Wood products .................................................. 14.11 14.67 14.70 14.87 554.52 531.05 535.08 559.11
Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 16.89 17.19 17.40 17.33 717.83 673.85 697.74 700.13
Primary metals .................................................. 20.24 19.69 20.01 19.97 854.13 793.51 782.39 786.82
Fabricated metal products .............................. 16.85 17.29 17.43 17.39 697.59 670.85 669.31 676.47
Machinery .......................................................... 18.01 18.26 18.22 18.31 758.22 730.40 721.51 723.25
Computer and electronic products ................ 20.95 21.71 21.75 21.84 861.05 864.06 861.30 867.05
Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 15.66 15.95 16.00 16.12 638.93 615.67 617.60 633.52
Transportation equipment ............................... 23.59 24.80 24.76 24.83 988.42 992.00 990.40 993.20
Furniture and related products ....................... 14.48 15.02 14.95 14.99 557.48 563.25 551.66 565.12
Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 14.97 16.02 16.02 15.92 583.83 613.57 607.16 606.55
Nondurable goods ............................................... 16.05 16.43 16.53 16.42 646.82 644.06 641.36 645.31
Food manufacturing ......................................... 13.91 14.24 14.28 14.23 566.14 563.90 555.49 569.20
Beverages and tobacco products .................. 19.19 20.40 20.25 20.25 765.68 730.32 708.75 747.23
Textile mills ........................................................ 13.50 13.88 13.79 13.68 522.45 502.46 495.06 492.48
Textile product mills ......................................... 11.86 11.34 11.35 11.33 454.24 419.58 417.68 421.48
Apparel ............................................................... 11.43 11.26 11.48 11.36 412.62 407.61 409.84 411.23
Leather and allied products ............................ 12.88 14.21 14.34 13.89 502.32 470.35 457.45 443.09
Paper and paper products .............................. 18.79 18.90 19.26 19.03 791.06 769.23 789.66 772.62
Printing and related support activities ........... 16.66 16.69 16.75 16.61 638.08 627.54 619.75 614.57
Petroleum and coal products .......................... 26.85 29.80 29.89 29.37 1,181.40 1,290.34 1,300.22 1,286.41
Chemicals .......................................................... 19.33 19.93 20.01 20.08 790.60 815.14 814.41 815.25
Plastics and rubber products .......................... 15.74 16.20 16.20 16.11 645.34 636.66 633.42 639.57
Private service-providing ............................. 17.64 18.31 18.25 18.18 569.77 587.75 580.35 579.94
Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 16.12 16.45 16.43 16.37 533.57 537.92 535.62 538.57
Wholesale trade ................................................... 19.93 20.64 20.69 20.66 761.33 782.26 777.94 778.88
Retail trade ........................................................... 12.89 13.02 13.02 13.00 386.70 384.09 385.39 388.70
Transportation and warehousing ...................... 18.35 18.64 18.59 18.46 664.27 665.45 658.09 664.56
Utilities ................................................................... 28.84 29.42 29.51 29.56 1,222.82 1,241.52 1,248.27 1,241.52
Information ............................................................... 24.65 25.40 25.22 25.34 892.33 934.72 912.96 912.24
Financial activities .................................................. 20.19 20.67 20.65 20.69 718.76 754.46 739.27 738.63
Professional and business services .................... 20.88 22.52 22.30 22.23 726.62 785.95 767.12 769.16
Education and health services ............................. 18.76 19.23 19.33 19.29 609.70 623.05 622.43 621.14
Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 10.83 11.00 10.99 10.98 274.00 272.80 270.35 271.21
Other services ......................................................... 16.11 16.33 16.26 16.32 494.58 498.07 494.30 497.76
1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

p= preliminary.
Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector
and selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted
Percent
May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May change from:
Industry 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009p 2009p Apr. 2009- p
May 2009
Total private:
Current dollars ................................................ $17.99 $18.43 $18.46 $18.50 $18.52 $18.54 0.1
Constant (1982) dollars 2................................. 8.27 8.64 8.61 8.64 8.65 N.A. (3)
Goods-producing .......................................................... 19.20 19.72 19.78 19.85 19.84 19.86 .1
Mining and logging ................................................................. 21.79 23.14 23.14 23.33 23.32 23.25 -.3
Construction ............................................................................ 21.72 22.43 22.42 22.59 22.58 22.66 .4
Manufacturing ......................................................................... 17.68 17.99 18.07 18.10 18.12 18.10 -.1

Excluding overtime 4..................................................... 16.88 17.36 17.47 17.52 17.52 17.50 -.1
Durable goods ..................................................................... 18.63 18.99 19.09 19.17 19.20 19.22 .1
Nondurable goods ............................................................... 16.08 16.43 16.49 16.46 16.48 16.44 -.2
Private service-providing ............................................. 17.69 18.14 18.17 18.20 18.23 18.25 .1
Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................................... 16.13 16.36 16.38 16.38 16.40 16.40 .0
Wholesale trade ................................................................... 20.07 20.41 20.52 20.59 20.70 20.77 .3
Retail trade ........................................................................... 12.87 12.97 12.96 12.97 12.98 12.98 .0
Transportation and warehousing ...................................... 18.39 18.72 18.67 18.68 18.65 18.60 -.3
Utilities ................................................................................... 28.81 29.22 29.67 29.31 29.37 29.53 .5
Information ............................................................................... 24.71 24.98 25.09 25.31 25.25 25.37 .5
Financial activities .................................................................. 20.23 20.53 20.55 20.62 20.64 20.73 .4
Professional and business services .................................... 20.96 22.04 22.17 22.26 22.30 22.35 .2
Education and health services ............................................. 18.80 19.18 19.24 19.24 19.34 19.35 .1
Leisure and hospitality ........................................................... 10.83 10.97 10.97 10.98 10.98 10.99 .1
Other services ......................................................................... 16.04 16.30 16.25 16.23 16.23 16.27 .2
1 See
footnote 1, table B-2. 4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time
2 The
Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers and one-half.
(CPI-W) is used to deflate this series. N.A. = not available.
3 Change was 0.1 percent from Mar. 2009 to Apr. 2009, the latest month available. p = preliminary.
Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and
(2002=100)

Percent
Industry May Mar. Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May change from:
2008 2009 2009p 2009p 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009p 2009p Apr. 2009-
May 2009 p
Total private ....................................... 106.9 99.3 98.6 99.6 106.9 102.5 101.9 100.7 100.4 99.7 -0.7
Goods-producing .......................................... 98.4 81.2 80.4 81.7 98.1 88.1 86.5 84.1 82.9 81.5 -1.7
Mining and logging ................................................. 133.4 125.2 121.3 121.6 134.9 138.3 135.1 129.6 125.4 124.1 -1.0
Construction ............................................................ 109.8 86.0 86.9 91.8 108.6 97.5 96.1 93.2 90.9 90.0 -1.0
Manufacturing ......................................................... 91.7 77.1 75.6 75.5 91.7 81.7 79.8 78.3 77.3 75.7 -2.1
Durable goods ..................................................... 94.2 76.6 74.8 73.8 94.1 81.6 79.6 77.3 76.3 74.1 -2.9
Wood products .................................................. 80.2 58.8 59.1 60.8 79.7 64.6 62.5 62.0 61.2 60.1 -1.8
Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 94.8 72.6 76.7 77.2 93.3 81.0 78.9 76.8 77.2 76.4 -1.0
Primary metals .................................................. 89.1 70.3 65.7 64.2 89.5 75.6 72.0 70.0 67.3 64.9 -3.6
Fabricated metal products .............................. 102.7 83.3 80.4 79.9 103.2 89.8 87.4 84.2 82.6 80.6 -2.4
Machinery .......................................................... 102.9 84.4 81.4 78.0 103.0 91.8 88.9 84.9 82.7 79.1 -4.4
Computer and electronic products ................ 102.8 91.2 89.7 88.4 102.9 96.4 94.1 91.5 91.1 89.0 -2.3
Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 88.8 75.9 74.1 74.2 89.9 81.8 79.1 76.7 76.5 74.6 -2.5
Transportation equipment ............................... 91.5 71.1 69.2 67.2 90.9 73.2 72.4 71.0 69.9 66.5 -4.9
Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. 76.0 52.1 51.1 47.6 75.0 53.5 53.2 51.9 50.6 46.6 -7.9
Furniture and related products ....................... 77.4 60.5 58.7 59.0 77.9 64.7 62.5 61.4 59.9 59.0 -1.5
Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 89.7 81.9 81.6 81.9 90.2 84.8 83.7 82.4 82.6 82.2 -.5
Nondurable goods ............................................... 87.4 77.8 76.7 77.7 88.1 81.6 80.3 79.3 79.2 78.6 -.8
Food manufacturing ......................................... 100.0 94.8 93.5 97.1 101.8 98.7 98.0 98.2 99.1 99.0 -.1
Beverages and tobacco products .................. 94.7 82.4 80.4 85.3 93.8 90.1 88.8 86.7 85.3 85.8 .6
Textile mills ........................................................ 49.7 37.1 36.7 36.9 49.4 39.7 38.2 37.3 37.5 36.9 -1.6
Textile product mills ......................................... 72.0 58.5 56.9 57.2 71.9 62.7 61.4 58.5 57.6 57.5 -.2
Apparel ............................................................... 56.5 48.0 45.9 47.1 56.3 49.7 48.4 48.4 47.0 47.1 .2
Leather and allied products ............................ 72.9 57.5 56.7 54.8 71.8 60.9 59.1 57.4 56.8 54.1 -4.8
Paper and paper products .............................. 82.7 73.3 73.6 72.1 83.9 77.9 76.4 74.8 74.4 72.6 -2.4
Printing and related support activities ........... 87.3 75.7 73.1 73.4 87.9 78.7 76.5 75.9 74.8 74.5 -.4
Petroleum and coal products .......................... 102.6 84.2 89.6 89.8 101.3 93.3 89.2 89.4 92.4 90.1 -2.5
Chemicals .......................................................... 94.9 89.0 88.1 87.9 95.2 91.0 90.4 89.3 88.6 88.0 -.7
Plastics and rubber products .......................... 89.3 73.4 72.5 72.0 88.9 78.0 76.2 74.3 73.9 72.4 -2.0
Private service-providing ............................. 109.4 104.3 103.7 104.5 109.4 106.6 105.9 105.5 105.1 104.9 -.2
Wholesale trade ................................................... 109.6 102.7 101.5 101.7 109.7 105.6 104.2 103.3 102.5 101.9 -.6
Retail trade ........................................................... 100.0 93.8 94.1 95.7 101.1 96.8 96.8 96.1 96.1 96.4 .3
Transportation and warehousing ...................... 108.4 99.7 98.2 100.0 108.4 102.8 101.2 100.7 100.6 100.6 .0
Utilities ................................................................... 97.3 98.8 98.5 97.9 97.5 100.1 101.6 99.6 99.0 98.3 -.7
Information ............................................................... 99.8 97.7 95.1 94.3 100.7 99.4 98.4 97.4 96.2 95.4 -.8
Financial activities .................................................. 107.2 105.5 102.9 102.5 108.1 106.5 105.8 104.9 104.0 103.5 -.5
Other services ......................................................... 100.2 96.5 96.5 97.2 99.9 98.2 97.6 97.0 96.9 97.1 .2
1 See footnote 1, table B-2. the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the
2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours estimates
motor vehicle parts. are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and production
p = preliminary. and nonsupervisory worker employment.
NOTE: The index of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing
Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and
(2002=100)

Percent
Industry May Mar. Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May change from:
2008 2009 2009p 2009p 2008 2009 2009 2009 2009p 2009p Apr. 2009-
May 2009 p
Total private ....................................... 128.1 123.2 122.1 123.0 128.5 126.2 125.7 124.4 124.2 123.5 -0.6
Goods-producing .......................................... 115.4 98.1 97.5 99.3 115.4 106.4 104.7 102.3 100.7 99.1 -1.6
Mining and logging ................................................. 167.0 170.3 164.7 162.8 170.9 186.2 181.8 175.9 170.1 167.8 -1.4
Construction ............................................................ 128.1 104.3 105.4 112.0 127.4 118.0 116.4 113.7 110.9 110.1 -.7
Manufacturing ......................................................... 105.8 91.2 89.8 89.3 106.0 96.1 94.3 92.6 91.6 89.7 -2.1
Durable goods ..................................................... 109.4 91.7 89.7 88.5 109.4 96.8 94.9 92.6 91.4 88.9 -2.7
Nondurable goods ............................................... 99.2 90.3 89.6 90.2 100.1 94.7 93.6 92.2 92.2 91.4 -.9
Private service-providing ............................. 132.3 131.0 129.8 130.2 132.7 132.6 131.9 131.6 131.3 131.3 .0
Wholesale trade ................................................... 128.7 124.9 123.7 123.8 129.8 126.9 126.0 125.3 125.0 124.6 -.3
Retail trade ........................................................... 110.5 104.6 105.0 106.7 111.5 107.7 107.5 106.9 107.0 107.2 .2
Transportation and warehousing ...................... 126.1 117.9 115.8 117.2 126.5 122.1 119.9 119.3 119.0 118.8 -.2
Utilities ................................................................... 117.1 121.3 121.3 120.8 117.3 122.1 125.8 121.8 121.3 121.2 -.1
Information ............................................................... 121.8 122.9 118.8 118.3 123.1 122.9 122.2 122.0 120.3 119.8 -.4
Financial activities .................................................. 133.8 134.8 131.4 131.1 135.2 135.1 134.4 133.8 132.7 132.7 .0
Other services ......................................................... 117.6 114.8 114.3 115.6 116.8 116.6 115.6 114.7 114.5 115.1 .5
1 See footnote 1, table B-2. by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate
p= preliminary. payroll estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly
NOTE: The index of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by earnings, average weekly hours, and production and nonsupervisory
dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate payrolls worker employment.
Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change
(Percent)
Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Private nonfarm payrolls, 271 industries 1
Over 1-month span:

2005 ......................................................... 52.6 60.1 54.1 58.1 56.8 58.3 58.5 59.2 54.2 55.9 62.7 57.6
2006 ......................................................... 64.9 62.2 63.8 59.8 49.1 51.8 59.2 55.4 55.7 56.3 59.4 60.7
2007 ......................................................... 53.5 55.5 52.4 49.4 55.9 48.3 50.7 46.5 55.9 57.2 59.4 57.9
2008 ......................................................... 42.1 40.6 44.1 41.1 42.6 36.9 37.6 39.1 34.7 33.0 27.1 20.5
2009 ......................................................... 22.1 20.8 19.6 p 25.8 p 32.7
Over 3-month span:

2005 ......................................................... 51.7 57.2 59.0 59.8 57.9 62.0 60.5 62.9 60.3 55.5 56.3 62.7
2006 ......................................................... 67.7 68.6 65.1 65.1 60.5 58.9 55.5 57.0 55.0 54.4 59.0 64.2
2007 ......................................................... 62.5 54.8 54.2 54.8 54.1 50.4 52.8 48.7 53.3 53.9 58.3 62.5
2008 ......................................................... 57.7 44.8 40.2 39.7 37.3 33.6 33.6 32.8 34.9 33.2 26.9 20.8
2009 ......................................................... 18.6 14.2 15.1 p 16.1 p 23.1
Over 6-month span:

2005 ......................................................... 55.4 57.9 58.1 57.0 58.3 60.9 63.1 63.3 61.6 59.6 61.4 62.5
2006 ......................................................... 64.6 63.8 67.5 66.2 65.5 66.6 60.3 61.1 57.9 57.9 62.4 59.0
2007 ......................................................... 60.3 57.2 60.5 58.3 55.5 56.5 52.8 52.4 56.6 54.4 56.8 59.0
2008 ......................................................... 56.6 53.0 50.7 47.4 40.2 33.4 31.0 33.4 30.6 29.0 26.0 24.4
2009 ......................................................... 21.6 17.2 15.1 p 15.7 p 14.6
Over 12-month span:

2005 ......................................................... 60.9 60.9 60.0 59.2 58.3 60.3 61.3 63.3 60.7 59.2 59.8 61.8
2006 ......................................................... 67.2 65.5 65.9 62.9 65.5 66.8 64.8 64.4 66.6 65.9 64.9 66.2
2007 ......................................................... 63.3 59.4 61.1 59.6 59.2 58.3 56.8 57.2 59.4 58.9 58.1 59.6
2008 ......................................................... 54.4 56.1 52.6 49.1 50.2 47.8 43.7 42.3 38.0 37.8 32.3 28.2
2009 ......................................................... 24.0 22.0 19.9 p 18.6 p 19.9
Manufacturing payrolls, 83 industries 1
Over 1-month span:

2005 ......................................................... 36.7 46.4 42.2 46.4 40.4 33.7 41.0 43.4 45.8 47.6 44.6 47.0
2006 ......................................................... 57.8 49.4 53.6 47.0 37.3 50.6 49.4 42.2 40.4 42.8 41.0 44.0
2007 ......................................................... 44.6 41.0 30.7 24.7 38.0 32.5 43.4 30.7 39.2 42.8 60.8 48.2
2008 ......................................................... 30.7 28.9 37.3 32.5 40.4 25.3 25.9 27.7 22.9 18.7 15.1 10.2
2009 ......................................................... 6.0 9.6 10.8 p 19.9 p 12.0
Over 3-month span:

2005 ......................................................... 36.7 43.4 41.0 41.6 35.5 36.1 34.9 36.7 42.2 44.0 38.6 48.8
2006 ......................................................... 56.6 57.2 48.2 48.2 44.6 50.0 43.4 45.2 36.7 33.1 35.5 39.2
2007 ......................................................... 40.4 33.1 33.1 28.9 29.5 30.1 31.9 28.9 30.7 30.7 39.2 51.2
2008 ......................................................... 48.8 33.7 28.3 29.5 26.5 22.9 19.9 16.9 22.3 21.1 15.1 11.4
2009 ......................................................... 6.0 3.6 3.6 p 8.4 p 10.2
Over 6-month span:

2005 ......................................................... 33.7 39.8 38.0 36.1 35.5 34.9 39.8 36.1 36.1 38.0 36.7 39.8
2006 ......................................................... 45.2 45.2 50.6 48.8 50.6 50.0 45.2 47.0 43.4 42.2 39.8 34.3
2007 ......................................................... 37.3 33.1 29.5 28.9 30.7 34.9 28.9 26.5 29.5 28.3 33.7 38.0
2008 ......................................................... 34.3 30.1 37.3 35.5 25.3 20.5 17.5 18.1 16.9 13.3 11.4 9.6
2009 ......................................................... 9.0 4.8 4.8 p 6.0 p 6.0
Over 12-month span:

2005 ......................................................... 45.2 44.0 42.2 41.0 36.7 35.5 32.5 34.3 33.1 33.7 33.7 38.0
2006 ......................................................... 44.0 41.0 41.0 39.8 39.8 45.2 42.2 42.8 47.0 48.8 45.8 44.6
2007 ......................................................... 39.8 36.7 37.3 30.7 28.9 29.5 30.7 28.9 33.1 28.9 34.3 35.5
2008 ......................................................... 27.7 28.9 25.9 25.3 30.7 27.1 24.7 19.3 21.7 21.7 16.9 15.1
2009 ......................................................... 8.4 4.8 4.8 p 4.8 p 7.2
1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where
unadjusted data for the 12-month span. 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing
p = preliminary. and decreasing employment.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing

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Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 Transmission of material in this release

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: MAY 2009

Unemployment (Household Survey Data)

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

HOUSEHOLD DATA Labor force status

All workers ……………….……………....… 6.9 8.1 8.5 8.9 9.4 0.5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA Employment

Nonfarm employment ……….……...……… 135,727 133,662 133,000 p 132,496 p 132,151 p -345

Total private ……...…………...…………… 33.4 33.2 33.1 p 33.2 p 33.1 p -0.1

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100) 3

Total private ……...………………….……… 104.1 101.7 100.7 p 100.4 p 99.7 p -0.7

Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)

Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)

Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Men, 16 years and over

Men, 20 years and over

Women, 16 years and over

Women, 20 years and over

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Men, 20 years and over

Women, 20 years and over

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Men, 20 years and over

Women, 20 years and over

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

See footnotes at end of table.

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Men, 20 years and over

Women, 20 years and over

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Less than a high school diploma

High school graduates, no college 1

Some college or associate degree

Bachelor’s degree and higher 2

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 2

Table A-6. Selected employment indicators

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

AGE AND SEX

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May

AGE AND SEX