By-Vishva R. Patel (120773106044)

BY- VISHVA R.
PATEL
(120773106044)
Introduction
Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC), which
flows under its own weight and does not
require any external vibration for
compaction, has revolutionized concrete
placement.
SCC, was first introduced in the late 1980s
by Japanese researchers, is highly
workable concrete that can flow under its
own weight through restricted sections
without segregation and bleeding.
Keywords
Self-compacting Concrete;
Fly Ash;
Mix Design;
Fresh Properties;
Hardened Concrete Properties;
Compressive Strength.
Materials Used
Cement
Ordinary Portland cement (Grade 43)
was used. Its physical properties are as
given in Table 1.
Physical property Results obtained IS: 8112-1989 [4] specifications
Fineness (retained on 90-mm sieve) 8.0 10mm
Normal Consistency 28% -
Vicat initial setting time (minutes) 75 30 minm
Vicat final setting time (minutes) 215 600 maxm
Compressive strength 3-days (MPa) 23 22.0 minm
Compressive strength 7-days (MPa) 36 33.0 minm
Compressive strength 28days(MPa) 45 43.0 minm
Specific gravity 3.15 -
Table 1. Physical Properties of Cement

Conti
Fly ash
Class F Fly ash obtained from Panipat
Thermal Power Station, Haryana, India.
The physical and chemical properties of
fly ash are given in the Table 2 and
Table 3, respectively.
Sr. No. Physical Properties Test Results
1. Colour Grey (Blackish)
2. Specific Gravity 2.13
3. Lime Reactivity -average compressive strength 4.90 MPa

after 28 days of mixture A
Table 2. Physical Properties of Fly Ash

Sr. No. Constituents Percent by Weight
1. Loss on ignition 4.17
2. Silica (SiO2) 58.55
3. Iron Oxide (Fe2 O3) 3.44
4. Alumina (Al2 O3) 28.20
5. Calcium Oxide (CaO) 2.23
6. Magnesium Oxide (MgO) 0.32
7. Total Sulphur (SO3) 0.07
8. Insoluble residue -
9. Alkalies a) Sodium Oxide (Na2O) 0.58

b) Potassium Oxide (K2O) 1.26
Table 3. Chemical Properties of Fly Ash
The properties of fly ash conform to IS: 3812-2003.

Conti
Admixtures
A polycarboxylic ether based superplasticizer complying with

ASTM C-494 type F, was used.
Aggregates
Locally available natural sand with 4.75 mm maximum size was

used as fine aggregate, having specific gravity, fineness
modulus and unit weight as given in Table 4 and crushed stone
with 16mm maximum size having specific gravity, fineness
modulus and unit weight as given in Table 4 was used as
coarse aggregate.
Both fine aggregate and coarse aggregate conformed to Indian

Standard Specifications IS: 383-1970.
Table 4 gives the physical properties of the coarse and fine

aggregates.
Physical tests Coarse aggregate Fine aggregate
Specific gravity 2.67 2.66
Fineness modulus 6.86 2.32
Bulk density (kg/m3) 1540 1780
Table 4. Physical Properties of Coarse and Fine Aggregates

Test Methods
Self- Compacting Concrete is
characterized by filling ability, passing
ability and resistance to segregation.
Many different methods have been
developed to characterize the properties of
SCC.
No single method has been found until
date, which characterizes all the relevant
workability aspects, and hence, each mix
has been tested by more than one test
method for the different workability
parameters.
Conti
Table 5 gives the recommended values
for different tests given by different
researchers for mix to be characterized
as SCC mix.
Sr. No. Property Range
1. Slump Flow Diameter 500-700 mm [7]
2. T50cm 2-5 sec [7]
3. V-funnel 6-12 sec [8]
4. L-Box H2/H1 0.8 [9]
Table 5. Recommended Limits for Different Properties

Figure 1. Slump Flow
Test
The slump flow test is used to
assess the horizontal free flow of
SCC in the absence of
obstructions.
On lifting the slump cone, filled
with concrete, the concrete
flows.
The average diameter of the
concrete circle is a measure for
the filling ability of the concrete.
The time T50cm is a secondary
indication of flow.
It measures the time taken in
seconds from the instant the
cone is lifted to the instant when
horizontal flow reaches diameter
of 500mm.
Figure 2. V-funnel test
The flowability of the fresh
concrete can be tested with the
V-funnel test, whereby the flow
time is measured, figure 2.
The funnel is filled with about
12 litres of concrete and the time
taken for it to flow through the
apparatus is measured.
Further, T 5min is also
measured with V-funnel, which
indicates the tendency for
segregation, wherein the funnel
can be refilled with concrete and
left for 5 minutes to settle.
If the concrete shows
segregation, the flow time will
increase significantly.
According to Khayat and
Manai, a funnel test flow time
less than 6s is recommended for
a concrete to qualify for an SCC.
Figure 3. L-Box test
The passing ability is
determined using the L- box
test as shown in Fig 3.
The vertical section of the
L-Box is filled with concrete,
and then the gate lifted to let
the concrete flow into the
horizontal section.
The height of the concrete
at the end of the horizontal
section is expressed as a
proportion of that remaining
in the vertical section
(H2/H1).
This is an indication of
passing ability. The specified
requisite is the ratio between
the heights of the concrete at
each end or blocking ratio to
be 0.8.
Conclusions
At the water/powder ratio of 1.180 to
1.215, slump flow test, V-funnel test and
L-box test results were found to be
satisfactory, i.e. passing ability, filling
ability and segregation resistance are
well within the limits.
References
Expert Lecture held in Ambuja House by
A.K.Doshi.
www.wekipedia.com/SCC/test
www.googleimage.com/selfcompactingc
oncrete/1324

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BY- VISHVA R.

Fineness (retained on 90-mm sieve) 8.0 10mm

Normal Consistency 28% -

Vicat initial setting time (minutes) 75 30 minm

Vicat final setting time (minutes) 215 600 maxm

Compressive strength 3-days (MPa) 23 22.0 minm

Compressive strength 7-days (MPa) 36 33.0 minm

Compressive strength 28days(MPa) 45 43.0 minm

Specific gravity 3.15 -

Table 1. Physical Properties of Cement

1. Colour Grey (Blackish)

2. Specific Gravity 2.13

3. Lime Reactivity -average compressive strength 4.90 MPa

Table 2. Physical Properties of Fly Ash

1. Loss on ignition 4.17

2. Silica (SiO2) 58.55

3. Iron Oxide (Fe2 O3) 3.44

4. Alumina (Al2 O3) 28.20

5. Calcium Oxide (CaO) 2.23

6. Magnesium Oxide (MgO) 0.32

7. Total Sulphur (SO3) 0.07

9. Alkalies a) Sodium Oxide (Na2O) 0.58

Table 3. Chemical Properties of Fly Ash

The properties of fly ash conform to IS: 3812-2003.

A polycarboxylic ether based superplasticizer complying with

Locally available natural sand with 4.75 mm maximum size was

Both fine aggregate and coarse aggregate conformed to Indian

Table 4 gives the physical properties of the coarse and fine

Specific gravity 2.67 2.66

Fineness modulus 6.86 2.32

Bulk density (kg/m3) 1540 1780

Table 4. Physical Properties of Coarse and Fine Aggregates

1. Slump Flow Diameter 500-700 mm [7]

2. T50cm 2-5 sec [7]

3. V-funnel 6-12 sec [8]

4. L-Box H2/H1 0.8 [9]

Table 5. Recommended Limits for Different Properties

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