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    Gas Laws

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    1. Gases are made up of tiny particles that are in constant, random motion and collide with each other and the container walls. 2. The kinetic molecular theory describes gases as particles with negligible volume that exert pressure through collisions without losing kinetic energy. 3. Gas properties like volume, pressure, temperature and amount are related through gas laws including Boyle's law relating pressure and volume, Charles's law relating volume and temperature, and the combined and ideal gas laws.

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    Gas Laws

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    125 views32 pages
    1. Gases are made up of tiny particles that are in constant, random motion and collide with each other and the container walls. 2. The kinetic molecular theory describes gases as particles with negligible volume that exert pressure through collisions without losing kinetic energy. 3. Gas properties like volume, pressure, temperature and amount are related through gas laws including Boyle's law relating pressure and volume, Charles's law relating volume and temperature, and the combined and ideal gas laws.

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    1. Gases are made up of tiny particles that are in constant, random motion and collide with each other and the container walls. 2. The kinetic molecular theory describes gases as particles with negligible volume that exert pressure through collisions without losing kinetic energy. 3. Gas properties like volume, pressure, temperature and amount are related through gas laws including Boyle's law relating pressure and volume, Charles's law relating volume and temperature, and the combined and ideal gas laws.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    125 views32 pages

    Gas Laws

    Uploaded by

    api-322046670
    1. Gases are made up of tiny particles that are in constant, random motion and collide with each other and the container walls. 2. The kinetic molecular theory describes gases as particles with negligible volume that exert pressure through collisions without losing kinetic energy. 3. Gas properties like volume, pressure, temperature and amount are related through gas laws including Boyle's law relating pressure and volume, Charles's law relating volume and temperature, and the combined and ideal gas laws.

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    Gas Laws

    The Issue with gases


    1. We cant see them
    2. We know they exists
    The Kinetic Molecular Theory
    1. Gases are made up of tiny particles
    2. These particles are so small to the volume
    they occupy, that their volume is negligible
    3. These tiny particles are in constant random
    straight-line motion: colliding with each
    other and the side of their container
    i.e. PRESSURE
    The Kinetic Molecular Theory
    4. The attraction/repulsion force in between
    the molecules (i.e. intermolecular forces) are
    weak
    London forces

    5. When gas molecules hit each other no kinetic


    energy is lost
    The Kinetic Molecular Theory
    6. The temperature in Kelvin is directly related
    to the average kinetic energy of the gas
    Gases are made
    1. tiny particles
    2. Of negligible volume
    3. That are in constant motion and
    Ideal bumping into each other
    Gas 4. and continuing their motion
    5. Without losing kinetic energy
    6. Average kinetic energy of the gas =
    temperature
    Properties and equations
    Volume
    Pressure
    Temperature
    Amount
    Properties and equations
    Volume
    Pressure
    P1V1 = P2V2
    Temperature
    Amount
    Lungs and Fluids
    Inspiration
    The diaphragm and the
    intercostals muscles
    contract
    This increases the volume of
    the lungs, therefore
    decreasing the pressure and
    making it smaller than the
    exterior air pressure.
    The outside air moves to fill
    in the ''empty'' space and
    therefore moves into the
    lungs to equalize the
    pressure
    Lungs and Fluids

    Expiration
    The diaphragm and
    intercostals muscles relax
    The lungs decrease in
    volume
    The pressure inside the
    lungs becomes higher that
    the exterior air pressure
    The air moves from the
    area of high pressure (your
    lungs) to the area of low
    pressure (outside)
    Properties and equations
    Volume
    Pressure
    P1V1 = P2V2
    Temperature
    Amount
    Boyles Law Problems
    1) A container holds 500.0 mL of CO2 at 20.0 C
    and 742 torr. What will be the volume of the
    CO2 if the pressure is increased to 795 torr?
    Boyles Law Problems
    2) A gas tank holds 2785 L of propane, C3H8,
    at 830.0 mm Hg. What is the volume of the
    propane at standard pressure?
    Boyles Law Problems
    3) A balloon contains 7.2 L of He. The pressure
    is reduced to 2.00 atm and the balloon
    expands to occupy a volume of 25.1 L. What
    was the initial pressure exerted on the
    balloon?
    Boyles Law Problems
    4) A sample of neon occupies a volume of 461
    mL at STP. What will be the volume of the
    neon when the pressure is reduced to 93.3
    kPa?
    Boyles Law Problems
    5) 352 mL of chlorine under a pressure of 680.
    mm Hg are placed in a container under a
    pressure of 1210 mm Hg. The temperature
    remains constant at 296 K. What is the volume
    of the container in liters?
    Properties and equations
    Volume
    Pressure
    Temperature
    Amount
    Properties and equations
    Volume V1 = V2
    Pressure T1 T2
    Temperature
    Amount
    Extreme cases
    Charless Law Problems
    1) A container holds 50.0 mL of nitrogen at 25
    C and a pressure of 736 mm Hg. What will be
    its volume if the temperature increases by 35
    C?
    Charless Law Problems
    2) A sample of oxygen occupies a volume of
    160 dm3 at 91 C. What will be volume of
    oxygen when the temperature drops to 0.00
    C?
    Charless Law Problems
    3) A sample of hydrogen has an initial
    temperature of 50. C. When the temperature
    is lowered to -5.0 C, the volume of hydrogen
    becomes 212 cm3 . What was the initial
    volume of the hydrogen in dm3 ?
    Charless Law Problems
    4) 568 cm3 of chlorine at 25 C will occupy
    what volume at -25 C while the pressure
    remains constant?
    Charless Law Problems
    5) A sample of helium has a volume of 521
    dm3 at a pressure of 75 cm Hg and a
    temperature of 18 C. When the temperature
    is increased to 23 C, what is the volume of
    the helium?
    Properties and equations
    Volume V1 = V2
    Pressure T1 T2
    Temperature
    Amount
    Properties and equations
    Volume
    Pressure
    Temperature
    Amount
    Properties and equations
    Volume P1 = P2
    Pressure T1 T2
    Temperature
    Amount
    Combined Gas Law
    Properties and equations
    Volume
    Pressure
    Temperature
    Amount
    The Ideal Gas Law

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