Crim. 3 Ethics and Values
Crim. 3 Ethics and Values
Crim. 3 Ethics and Values
ETHICS
- the science of the morality of human acts
- the study of the human motivation, and ultimately of human rational behaviour
- derived from the Greek word, ethos, which means characteristic way of acting and
ethikos, which means customary
MORALITY
- the quality which makes an act good or bad, good or evil, right or wrong
MORAL DISTINCTIONS
1) moral - good, right
2) immoral - bad, wrong
3) amoral - neither good nor bad
HUMAN ACTS
- acts that are done knowingly, deliberately and freely
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS
- a set of moral code to which every profession must subscribe
- guides the professional where the law is silent or inadequate
POLICE ETHICS
- an example of professional ethics
- a practical science that treats the principle of human morality and duty as applied to law
enforcement
VALUES
- anything that a person considers important in life, such as material things, ideas and
experiences
KINDS OF VALUES
1) BIOLOGICAL VALUES
- those that are necessary for survival, such as food, shelter, clothing, sex, water, sleep
- include the physiological needs of man as man
2) PSYCHOLOGICAL VALUES
- those are that are necessary for emotional fulfillment of man, such as relationships,
companionship, family, friendships, love
3) INTELLECTUAL VALUES
- those that are necessary for the intellectual fulfillment of man, such as achievements,
career, success
4) MORAL VALUES
- those that are necessary for the spiritual fulfillment of man
VIRTUE
- a habit that inclines the person to act in a way that harmonizes with his nature
- the habit of doing good
- the opposite is vice, the habit of doing bad
RIGHT
- anything that is owed or due
- something to which a person has a just and lawful claim
- anything that a person can lawfully demand
HUMAN RIGHTS
- rights pertaining to the rights of man
- rights inherent to man by virtue of being a human being
- are the supreme, inherent and inalienable rights to life, dignity and to self-development
2) RIGHT TO LIBERTY
Exceptions:
for reasons of public health and public safety
penalty for commission of a crime
circumstances of warrantless arrests
3) RIGHT TO PROPERTY
Exceptions:
circumstances of warrantless search
by virtue of court order
BILL OF RIGHTS
- a list of individual liberties, freedom and rights which are guaranteed and protected under
Article III of the 1987 Philippine Constitution
- protection of individuals against abuses of the state
- protection of the rights of an accused
DUTY
- anything we are obliged to do or to omit
- a moral obligation incumbent upon a person of doing, omitting or avoiding
- for every right, there is a corresponding duty
IMPORTANT TERMS
NON-FEASANCE
- the failure to perform an act or duty that is part of ones obligation without sufficient
excuse
MALFEASANCE
- the commission of an act that one is prohibited to do
MISFEASANCE
- the improper or incorrect performance of an act that should be done or performed
INCOMPETENCY
- lack of adequate ability and fitness for the satisfactory performance of police duties;
could be due to physical or intellectual limitations or lack of skill
DISLOYALTY TO THE GOVERNMENT
- abandonment or renunciation of ones loyalty to the government of the Philippines
- advocating to overthrow the present administration
POLICE DISCRETION
- the act or the liberty to decide according to the principles of justice and the
police officers ideas of what is right and proper under the circumstances
I will keep my private life unsullied as an example to all; maintain courageous calm in the
face of danger, scorn or ridicule; develop self-restraint and be constantly mindful of the welfare
of others. Honest in thought and deed in both my personal and official life, I will be exemplary in
obeying the laws of the land and regulations of my organization. Whatever I see or hear of a
confidential nature or that is confided to me in my official capacity will be kept ever secret unless
revelation is necessary in the performance of my duty.
I recognize the badge of my office as a symbol of public faith and I accept it as a public
trust to be held so long as I am true to the ethics of police service. I will never engage in acts of
corruption or bribery, nor will I condone such acts by other police officers. I will cooperate with
all legally authorized agencies and their representatives in the pursuit of justice.
I know that I alone am responsible for my own standard of professional performance and
will take every reasonable opportunity to enhance and improve my level of knowledge and
competence. I will constantly strive to achieve these objectives and ideals, dedicating myself
before God to my chosen profession... law enforcement.
I believe in God, the Supreme Being, a Great Provider, and the Creator of all men
and everything dear to me. In return, I cannot less than love Him above all, seek His
guidance in the performance of my sworn duties and honor Him at all times.
I believe that respect for authority is a duty. I respect and uphold the Constitution,
the laws of the land and the applicable rules and regulations. I recognize the legitimacy and
authority of the leadership, and follow and obey legal orders of my superior officers.
I believe in selfless love and service to people. Towards this end, I commit myself to
the service of my fellowmen over and above my personal convenience.
I believe in the sanctity of marriage and respect for women. I shall set the example
of decency and morality and shall have high regard for family life and chastity.
I believe in responsible dominion and stewardship over material things. I shall
inhibit myself from ostentatious display of my property. I shall protect the environment and
conserve nature to maintain ecological balance. I shall respect private and public properties
and prevent others from destroying them.
I believe in the wisdom of truthfulness. I must be trustworthy and I shall speak the
truth at all times as required by the profession.
PNP STAND OF BASIC ISSUES
1) PNP IMAGE
- the PNP shall live in accordance with the PNP Core Values and shall possess the
following virtues:
a) HONOR
b) INTEGRITY
c) VALOR
d) JUSTICE
e) HONESTY
f) HUMILITY
g) CHARITY
h) LOYALTY TO SERVICE
2) CAREER MANAGEMENT
- the PNP shall formulate and implement policies and human resources development
system for all PNP personnel, from recruitment to retirement
3) POLICE MANAGEMENT LEADERSHIP
- the primary basis for consideration in the selection of personnel for employment and
deployment shall be the individuals capabilities and competent leadership
4) EQUALITY IN THE SERVICE
- there shall be judicious and equitable distribution of opportunity to prove ones worth in
the PNP service;
- the PNP shall strictly adhere to the rule of merit and fitness system
5) DELICADEZA
- all members of the PNP must have moral courage to sacrifice self-interest
6) POLICE LIFESTYLE
- the PNP shall endeavor to promote a lifestyle that is acceptable and respectable in the
eyes of the public because the public expects a police officer to live a simple, yet
dignified life
7) POLITICAL PATRONAGE
- all PNP members must inhibit themselves from soliciting political patronage in matters
pertaining to assignments, promotions, trainings and awards
8) HUMAN RIGHTS
- all PNP members shall respect and protect human dignity and mans rights to life, liberty
and property
ETHICAL STANDARDS
- shall refer to established and generally accepted moral values and ethical acts
1) MORALITY
- police officers must adhere to high standard of morality and decency and shall set good
example for others
2) JUDICIOUS USE OF AUTHORITY
- police officers shall exercise proper and legitimate use of authority and discretion in the
performance of their duty
3) INTEGRITY
- police officers shall not allow themselves to be victims of corruption and dishonest
practices
4) JUSTICE
- police officers shall strive constantly to respect the rights of others
5) HUMILITY
- police officers shall recognize the fact that they are public servants and not the masters
of the people
- they should perform their duties without arrogance
- they should recognize their own inadequacies, inabilities and limitations as individuals
- they should perform their duties without attracting attention or expecting the applause of
others
6) ORDERLINESS
- police officers shall follow logical procedures in accomplishing tasks assigned to them to
minimize wasted time and resources
7) PERSEVERANCE
- police officers must exert all efforts to achieve their goal or mission even in the face of
difficulties and obstacles
CUSTOMS
- established usage or social practices carried on by tradition that have obtained the force
of law
SALUTE
- the usual greeting rendered by uniformed personnel upon meeting and recognizing
persons entitled to it
ADDRESS/TITLE
- junior in rank must address senior members who are entitled to a salute with the Sir or
Maam
COURTESY CALLS
1) COURTESY CALL OF NEWLY-ASSIGNED/APPOINTED MEMBER
- PNP members who are newly-assigned or appointed to a unit or command must call on
the chief of the unit or command and to other key personnel for accounting, orientation
and other purposes
2) CHRISTMAS CALL
- PNP members pay a Christmas call on their local executives in their respective area of
responsibility
3) NEW YEARS CALL
- PNP members pay a New Years call on their commanders and/or key officials in their
respective area of responsibility
4) PROMOTION CALL
- newly-promoted PNP members call on their unit head
5) EXIT CALL
- PNP members pay an exit call on their superiors in the unit or command when relieved
or reassigned out of said unit or command
RANK-HAS-ITS-OWN-PRIVILEGE
- PNP members must acknowledge that different ranks carry with them corresponding
privileges
CEREMONY
- a formal act or set of formal acts established by customs or authority as proper to special
occasion
FLAG-RAISING CEREMONY
- PNP members honor the flag by raising it and singing the National Anthem before the
start of the official days work
FLAG-RETREAT CEREMONY
- PNP members salute the lowering of the flag at the end of the official days work
HALF-MAST
- the flag is raised at half-mast in deference to deceased uniformed members of the
command
HONOR CEREMONIES
- arrival and departure honor ceremonies are rendered to visiting dignitaries, VIPs, PNP
officers with the rank of Chief Superintendent and above and AFP officers of equivalent
grade
TURN-OVER CEREMONY
- the relinquishment and assumption of command or key position is publicly announced by
the outgoing and incoming officers
WEDDING CEREMONY
- during marriage of PNP members, a ceremony is conducted with participants in uniform
and swords drawn
ANNIVERSARY
- the birth or institutional establishment of a command or unit is commemorated in an
anniversary ceremony
SOCIAL DECORUM
- a set of norms and standards practiced by members during social and other functions
UNIFORM/APPEARANCE
- police officers must observe the following:
a) wearing of prescribed uniform
b) wearing, as part of the uniform, awards and decorations earned in accordance with
the prescribed rules and regulations
c) adherence to haircut prescribed by rules and regulations
MANNER OF WALKING
- every PNP officer is expected to walk with pride and dignity
TRADITION
- bodies of beliefs, stories, customs and usages handed down from generation to
generation with the effect of an unwritten law
POLICE TRADITIONS
1) SPIRITUAL BELIEFS
- PNP members are traditionally religious and God-loving persons; they attend religious
services together with the members of their family
2) VALOR
- police officers sacrifice their lives and limbs for the people they have pledged to serve
3) PATRIOTISM
- police officers manifest their love of country with a pledge of allegiance to the flag and a
vow to defend the Constitution
4) DISCIPLINE
- police officers manifest discipline by instinctive obedience to lawful orders and through
spontaneous actions towards attainment of organizational objectives guided by moral,
ethical and legal norms
5) GENTLEMANLINESS
- police officers are upright in character, polite in manners, dignified in appearance and
sincere in their concern for their fellowmen
6) WORD OF HONOR
- police officers stand by, and commit to uphold, their word
7) DUTY
- police officers are dedicated public servants who perform their tasks with a deep sense
of responsibility and self-sacrifice
8) LOYALTY
- police officers are traditionally loyal to the organization, country and fellowmen
9) CAMARADERIE
- the binding spirit that enhances teamwork and cooperation in the police organization
POLICE OFFICERS PLEDGE
1) I will love and serve God, my country and people;
2) I will uphold the Constitution and obey legal orders of the duly-constituted authorities
3) I will oblige myself to maintain a high standard of morality and professionalism
4) I will respect the customs and traditions of the police service; and
5) I will live a decent and virtuous life and to serve as an example to others.
Section 2. Declaration of Policy and Principles. It is hereby declared the policy of the State
to establish a highly efficient and competent police force which is national in scope and civilian
in character administered and controlled by a national police commission.
The Philippine National Police (PNP) shall be a community and service oriented agency
responsible for the maintenance of peace and order and public safety.
PNP VISION
The Men and Women of the PNP is committed to a vision of a professional, dynamic and
highly motivated Philippine National Police working in partnership with a responsive
community towards the attainment of a safe place to live, work, invest and do business with.
PNP MISSION
To enforce the law, to prevent and control crimes, to maintain peace and order, and to
ensure public safety and internal security with the active support of the community
IMPORTANT TERMS
POLICE
- a group of persons established, maintained and organized for keeping order, safety,
protection of lives and property and for prevention and detection of crimes
COMMUNITY
- refers to the civilian populace or the public in general, and shall be used
interchangeably with the terms, public, citizenry, society and private sector
- a body of people organized into political, municipal or social unity or a body of persons
living in the same locality
- derived from the Latin words, communis, which means common, and tatis which
means fellowship
POLICE-COMMUNITY RELATIONS
- the sum total of the dealings between the police and the people it serves, and whose
goodwill and cooperation it craves, for the greatest possible efficiency in the service
- refers to the reciprocal attitudes of the police and the community
PUBLIC RELATIONS
- the act of bringing about better understanding, confidence and acceptance for an
individual or an organization
MEDIA/MASS MEDIA
- the channels through which information is disseminated to the public
- may be in the form of television, movies, radio or newspaper, and the like
PROPAGANDA
- the planned use of mass communication for public purpose