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    Boiling PDF

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    Rahul Kotadiya
    1) Boiling heat transfer involves phase change between liquid and vapor and occurs at the solid-liquid interface when the surface temperature is above the saturation temperature. 2) There are two main modes of boiling - pool boiling where the liquid is stationary and convection boiling where external forces induce liquid motion. 3) The boiling curve shows that extremely high heat fluxes are possible during nucleate boiling due to bubble nucleation, growth, and detachment from the surface, which effectively transports latent heat of vaporization away from the surface.

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    Boiling PDF

    Uploaded by

    Rahul Kotadiya
    230 views11 pages
    1) Boiling heat transfer involves phase change between liquid and vapor and occurs at the solid-liquid interface when the surface temperature is above the saturation temperature. 2) There are two main modes of boiling - pool boiling where the liquid is stationary and convection boiling where external forces induce liquid motion. 3) The boiling curve shows that extremely high heat fluxes are possible during nucleate boiling due to bubble nucleation, growth, and detachment from the surface, which effectively transports latent heat of vaporization away from the surface.

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    1) Boiling heat transfer involves phase change between liquid and vapor and occurs at the solid-liquid interface when the surface temperature is above the saturation temperature. 2) There are two main modes of boiling - pool boiling where the liquid is stationary and convection boiling where external forces induce liquid motion. 3) The boiling curve shows that extremely high heat fluxes are possible during nucleate boiling due to bubble nucleation, growth, and detachment from the surface, which effectively transports latent heat of vaporization away from the surface.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    230 views11 pages

    Boiling PDF

    Uploaded by

    Rahul Kotadiya
    1) Boiling heat transfer involves phase change between liquid and vapor and occurs at the solid-liquid interface when the surface temperature is above the saturation temperature. 2) There are two main modes of boiling - pool boiling where the liquid is stationary and convection boiling where external forces induce liquid motion. 3) The boiling curve shows that extremely high heat fluxes are possible during nucleate boiling due to bubble nucleation, growth, and detachment from the surface, which effectively transports latent heat of vaporization away from the surface.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 11

    Boiling Heat Transfer

    Many engineering applications involve condensation or


    boiling phase change
    Refrigerator refrigerant boils in the evaporation section
    refrigerant condenses in the condenser section
    Power plant steam production by boiling water in the boiler
    steam condensation in the condenser
    Evaporation - at the liquid-vapor interface when
    the vapor pressure less than the saturation pressure
    at the given temperature.
    Water at 20C And relative humidity =60%.
    Saturation pressure (see Steam tables) p = 2,3 kPa
    p
    = p = . p = 1,38 kPa
    p
    Evaporation: human body, drying wet clothes, vegetables, fruits,
    1 etc.
    Boiling Heat Transfer
    Boiling occurs at the solid-liquid interface when
    the liquid is brought into contact with a surface
    with temperature Tw above the saturation
    temperature Tsat.

    Boiling rapid formation of vapor


    bubbles.
    Bubbles detach from the surface and rise in
    the liquid to reach the free surface.

    Heat flux: q&boiling = (Tw Tsat ) = Texcess [W / m 2 ]


    In forced and natural convections physical parameters
    involved , , , cp.
    In boiling new parameters latent heat lv (or l23 or r) and
    surface tension 2
    Boiling Heat Transfer
    Boiling occurs in two basic modes:
    Pool boiling (var ve velkm objemu) liquid
    is quiescent, motion due to free convection
    near the surface, mixing induced by bubble
    growth and detachement
    Convection boiling (flow boiling) motion
    due to external forces and free convection
    near the surface, mixing induced by bubble
    growth and detachement

    3
    Boiling Heat Transfer

    Boiling also occurs as subcooled (liquid temperature below


    the saturated temperature bubbles collapse and condense)
    and saturated

    4
    Boiling Curve

    Notice extremely
    high heat flux

    5
    Modes of Pool Boiling

    6
    Boiling Crisis

    In case there is no control of


    heat flux transfered at the surface

    What happens when the heat flux


    is increased beyond the q&max

    What happens when the heat flux


    is decreased below the q&min

    What happens with the vapor film?

    7
    Boiling Heat Transfer

    For practical applications the best


    is to operate devices in the region
    of nucleate boiling highest heat
    transfer rates.

    Which mechanism is responsible


    for such high heat transfer?

    Convective motion of bubbles they detach from the surface


    and move up new liquid is entrained towards the surface
    - up to 98% of heat transferred from the surface
    Transfer of latent heat of evaporation
    Why increasing the heating (temperature of heated plate i.e.
    Texcess) results in an increase of heat transfer rate? 8
    Boiling Heat Transfer
    Equilibrium bubble radius
    2
    R=
    Puvnit Pvn

    (
    q& = f T a nb )
    a = 1.2, b=1/3
    n number of nucleation sites
    n T 5 6

    (
    q& f T 3 )
    9
    Boiling Heat Transfer

    Heat flux in the nucleate boiling region:

    0,33
    c p (Tw Tsat ) q&
    = C wf
    l 23 Pr s
    l 23 g ( f v )

    Cwf and s depends on the combination of


    the surface and liquid

    Heat transfer coefficient in the nucleate boiling region for water


    at 2.104 < p < 107 (Pa):
    = 3,5 q& 0,7 p0,176
    10
    Convective (flow) Boiling Heat Transfer
    Complication various flow
    burn-out
    patterns - slug, annular

    dry-out Nucleate boiling region


    2
    TP V
    = 1+
    L L
    Annular boiling region
    0,5
    TP 1
    = 3,5
    L X tt

    Roughly, to which point on the boiling curve corresponds


    the burn-out point? 11

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