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    Pounds Per Square Inch Kpa: Overpressure Effects

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    LG GL
    The document discusses the effects of overpressure from explosions. It provides the following effects at different overpressure levels: 1) At 10 psi (pounds per square inch), reinforced concrete buildings are severely damaged, severe heart and lung damage can occur, and limbs can be blown off. Most buildings collapse except concrete buildings. 2) At 4 psi, injuries are universal, fatalities occur, residential structures collapse, and brick walls are destroyed. 3) At 2 psi, injuries are common and fatalities may occur. It then provides additional information on calculating the peak overpressure from an explosive charge measured in TNT equivalent mass using a chart relating scaled distance (Z) to overpressure ratio.

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    Pounds Per Square Inch Kpa: Overpressure Effects

    Uploaded by

    LG GL
    14 views4 pages
    The document discusses the effects of overpressure from explosions. It provides the following effects at different overpressure levels: 1) At 10 psi (pounds per square inch), reinforced concrete buildings are severely damaged, severe heart and lung damage can occur, and limbs can be blown off. Most buildings collapse except concrete buildings. 2) At 4 psi, injuries are universal, fatalities occur, residential structures collapse, and brick walls are destroyed. 3) At 2 psi, injuries are common and fatalities may occur. It then provides additional information on calculating the peak overpressure from an explosive charge measured in TNT equivalent mass using a chart relating scaled distance (Z) to overpressure ratio.

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    rast 66

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    The document discusses the effects of overpressure from explosions. It provides the following effects at different overpressure levels: 1) At 10 psi (pounds per square inch), reinforced concrete buildings are severely damaged, severe heart and lung damage can occur, and limbs can be blown off. Most buildings collapse except concrete buildings. 2) At 4 psi, injuries are universal, fatalities occur, residential structures collapse, and brick walls are destroyed. 3) At 2 psi, injuries are common and fatalities may occur. It then provides additional information on calculating the peak overpressure from an explosive charge measured in TNT equivalent mass using a chart relating scaled distance (Z) to overpressure ratio.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    14 views4 pages

    Pounds Per Square Inch Kpa: Overpressure Effects

    Uploaded by

    LG GL
    The document discusses the effects of overpressure from explosions. It provides the following effects at different overpressure levels: 1) At 10 psi (pounds per square inch), reinforced concrete buildings are severely damaged, severe heart and lung damage can occur, and limbs can be blown off. Most buildings collapse except concrete buildings. 2) At 4 psi, injuries are universal, fatalities occur, residential structures collapse, and brick walls are destroyed. 3) At 2 psi, injuries are common and fatalities may occur. It then provides additional information on calculating the peak overpressure from an explosive charge measured in TNT equivalent mass using a chart relating scaled distance (Z) to overpressure ratio.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Overpressure Effects[3]

    Reinforced concrete buildings severely damaged


    10 pounds per square inch (69 kPa) Severe heart and lung damage
    Limbs can be blown off
    Most buildings collapse except concrete buildings
    4 pounds per square inch (28 kPa) Injuries universal
    Fatalities occur
    Residential structures collapse
    Brick walls destroyed
    2 pounds per square inch (14 kPa)
    Injuries common
    Fatalities may occur

    It is well-known that 1 megaton of TNT is 4.184E15 joules of energy, which would lead one to
    conclude that therefore, the amount of energy produced by combustion of 1 kg of TNT must be
    4.2 MJ. What is not so well known is that this figure is actually a mere convention used as a
    basis of unit conversion, and that the energy which is actually produced by the detonation of TNT
    can be considerably different than this figure.
    Please note that when calculating Z, the mass of charge is TNT equivalent mass, not necessarily
    the actual mass of the charge. In order to use the chart, you would calculate Z, and then draw
    intersection lines to find the corresponding overpressure ratio (either that or you can look up the
    mathematical functions used to model the curve and then solve the problem that way, but the
    graphical method is generally adequate for rough estimates.

    Example: if we take a 10 pound TNT charge and we want to know the peak overpressure at a
    distance 10 feet away at 1 bar and 20 degrees Celsius, we would calculate Z=3/(4.5*293/1)^.333
    so that Z=0.27. From the chart, we would see that the peak overpressure ratio is roughly 3, so
    that the peak overpressure would be 3 bars.

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