1 Variable spring supports

Design Instructions

1.1 Application Spring supports are covered to ensure operation safety, when
the tube casing and plates prevent potential injuries on touch.
Rigid supporting structures are not capable to accommodate However, the spring unit is not sealed off completely and is not
vertical displacement or large horizontal forced travels of piping. secured against ingress and deposits of dust. That is why very
This nodes should be supported by spring hangers and spring dusty environments, i.e. ceilings of coal burning boilers, require
supports. Variable spring supports are recommended for vertical cleaning of spring support interior using compressed air. Under
displacements of piping up to 5075 mm. Application of con- such circumstances, the relevant purchase order shall include a
stant supports needs to be considered for higher values. Springs literal specific requirement for cleaning options. The unit surface
supports are designed for application in assemblies comprising is galvanized as standard, outdoor applications in highly corrosive
hangers or piping supports according to the summary shown in environment or primary circuits of nuclear power plants, where
pages B.5B.7. galvanized surfaces are not acceptable, can be treated by means
of additional surface finishing using epoxy coating.
The MPS Gradior s.r.o. standard series of variable spring supports
are designed for the load range between 0.2 kN to 108 kN. High-
er loads require multi-spring supports with capacity up to 432 1.2 Design
kN. Standard range of springs is designed in three nominal trav-
el ranges of 50, 100 and 200 mm. Requirements for larger travel The spring unit is designed with a pre-compressed springs inside
may be met by coupling several springs into a series to obtain a cylindrical casing, elements for indication of elevation (force)
the total nominal travel of 300 to 400 mm. The operating temper- and turnbuckles for adjustment of spring force settings. Compen-
ature range for springs is -40 C to +80 C or even up to +150 C sation of angular tolerances of spring and corrections of toleranc-
for short-term exposure. Any lower or higher temperature would es is enabled by the spherical bearing of in-built threaded rod,
result in change of spring force due to the change in shrear mod- to ensure alignment of the rods without any additional bending.
ulus with the dispersion of +1.6 / -1.6 %. Change of spring force Spring units are delivered blocked to required set load. This block-
is proportional to the values above lower or higher temperature ing is ensured by means of shim device inserted into spring shell
range. The spring service life for cyclic stress within the range of apertures and embraced with a safety tape. The device needs to
load change of 25 % higher than 1E5 full load amplitudes. The tol- be removed from the spring unit after piping pressure test, before
erance of spring rate is less than 5 % compared to the theoretical the operation start up! The load capacity of spring unit lock during
value. pressure test is double the nominal spring load.

Spring plate
(travel indication)

Safety tape

Locking device

Spring

Turnbuckle

1.3 Materials and Technologies

Helical coil springs for all variable spring supports are manufac-
tured from SH grade materials acc. to EN 10270-1 for cold-coiled
spring and grade 51CrV-4 compliant with EN 10089 for hot-coiled
springs. Springs are quenched to the required level and pre-com-
pressed to the block length prior to their insertion into units to
achieve the spring presetting, when the creep yielding will be sta-
bilized and pre-torsioning develops in the wire surface. Further
loading will not cause any significant relaxation and the spring
force will remain within the range under 2.5 % of the operating
force. Springs have been designed using the non-linear elas-
to-plastic calculation model derived by the company MPS Gradior
s.r.o.

1.1
 1 Variable spring supports
Design Instructions

1.4 Review of Spring Support Types Spring units are supplied as single-spring (types 1.11.4 and 1.6
1.7) or multi-spring (types 1.5 and 1.8). Particular design versions
Specific type version of a spring unit is designated by the last char- divided according to integration methods are described further
acter of the three digits specifying type number. To simplify iden- below.
tification, so that the second character does not have to cover all
travel versions, the designation of type is written as simple as 1x2
(the second character is replaced with the x symbol).

Type 1x1 Type 1x2 Type 1x3 Type 1x4

Range: 0.2108 kN Range: 0.2108 kN Range: 0.2108 kN Range: 0.263 kN
Travel: 50, 100, 200 mm Travel: 50, 100, 200 mm Travel: 50, 100, 200 mm Travel: 50, 100, 200 mm

Type 1x5 Type 1x6 Type 1x7 Type 1x8

Range: 48432 kN Range: 0.263 kN Range: 0.2108 kN Range: 48432 kN
Travel: 50, 100 mm Travel: 50, 100 mm Travel: 50, 100, (200) mm Travel: 50, 100 mm

Selection of spring size: required load under any piping operation change condition is determined using the following formula:
and occasional conditions shall be within the range of selected dF = (Fh - Fc) / Fh < 25 %
spring operating characteristics. Further, the travel reserve is re-
quired to min. 5 mm or 20 % of the pipe displacement value. The where Fh refers to hot load and Fc is the cold or set load respec-
selection of spring size shall also accommodate changes to the tively. Springs with lower travel show greater load changes due to
set load of spring by 10 %. Spring units also feature the so called higher stiffness, yet their application is more economical for their
hidden travel allowances, i.e. 5 mm above the rated minimum or lower weight. Higher values of load change are acceptable if con-
maximum. However, this allowance may not be relied upon dur- firmed by the piping flexibility analysis.
ing spring selection.
Correction of design displacement is performed in case of the
Caution: Displacement of the pipe above the lowest value of op- total displacement comprising the result of vertical and horizon-
erating travel of spring support may impose the risk of complete tal displacement exceeds 2.5 mm, or, if the travel reserve is be-
spring alleviation! low 10mm. These values occur with approximately 4 deviation
of rods exceeding 1 m per hanger length. The total design dis-
Additional load is determined by the so called dead forces that placement of spring support is given by the formula: sr = uz + uv*
are equal to the sum of loads on those parts of hanger or sup- tan (a/2), where uz refers to the vertical displacement obtained
port assembly, which perform a displacement together with pipe. through pipe analysis, uv is the resultant horizontal displacement
Those include mainly clamps, beams, supports and parts of rods of pipe at the particular node, and a is the angular deviation of
below the spring support. It shall be added to the values of set hanger rod. However, some software would calculate the com-
load, obtained from piping flexibility analysis, when the dead bined displacement when the length of hanger rod is entered,
forces exceed the approximate value of 0.01 to 0.02 multiple of such situation does not require any further correction.
calculation forces. The design load of spring is then determined
by the formula Fzn = Fan + Gi, where Fan refers to the force ob-
tained through analysis of pipe for n-th load condition and Gi 1.5 Declination of Hanger Rod
is the sum of weights of moving assembly parts. The additional
force is usually calculated with the accuracy to 0.002 multiple of Standards applicable to piping design require the assurance of
the calculation force. the hanger rod declination to 4 from its vertical position in every
direction. Spring units types 1x11x4 shall be therefore consid-
Selection of nominal travel is defined by the condition of load ered with respect to its characteristics described in the text below.
change between hot and cold condition respectively. The load

1.2
1 Variable spring supports
Design Instructions

a/ Spring Supports Type 1x1 and 1x2 PTFE slide plate in head is recommended for higher displacement
These are used for assemblies SH1, SH2, SH4, SH5, SH8 and other. levels. The support in pair requires polished slide surface made
These are integrated into hanger rod between two joints. Hori- of stainless steel (design T). Further checks shall be focused on
zontal displacement of pipe declines the full rod with spring unit, displacement allowances. Axial and lateral displacements require
where the rod remains theoretically direct when passing through the allowance determined by distance between the spring sup-
spring support. In this case, the angular deviation is limited only port head and the edge of support base. Lateral displacement of
by parameters of swing joints in pipe clamps and attachment to clamp supports further require verification of assembly stability
structure, that is why spring cages do not require any check or against spinning of clamps and pipe (cranking of support). That
specifications of special designs. The weight of spring support ob- occurs approximately after lateral displacement of 0.4 D1, where
viously results in slight cranking of link between both end points D1 refers to the diameter of spring support head. When higher dis-
of the rod resulting in tilt inside the spring unit that is, however, placement required, the clamp support shall be secured against
balanced by the spherical pad on the interior spring plate. spinning by means of attachment and shape joint.

b/ Spring Supports Type 1x3 and 1x5 b/ Spring Supports Type 1x6
These are used for assemblies SH3, SH6, SH10, SH13, SH21 and These are equipped with rod ends that enable tilt by 6. These are
other. These are located on the auxiliary structure and the hanger used in assemblies that require minimum resistance to horizon-
rod is fitted in the joint cradle above spring support. The rod is tal movement. However, the analysis of piping flexibility requires
passing through the inner diameter of spring as well as the space verification, whether the node cannot develop any higher hori-
determined by planes of girders below the spring support. Hori- zontal displacement of pipe, exceeding the anticipated level; that
zontal displacement of pipe declines the rod passing through the is due to various inaccuracies or very low flexibility of the piping
spring; its deviation therefore requires consistent checking. That or kinematic uncertainty of certain section. It is recommended to
also depends on rated spring travel, as springs with high travel stabilise the piping using guides in adjacent nodes, i.e. to force
are long and the cathetus of the imaginary triangle developed is nodal displacement of rigid strut at a single specific and possible
short. Springs with travel of 200 mm are applicable for rod dec- direction required.
linations up to 2.5 only. Higher values require use of type 133A,
see the relevant catalogue sheet for details. Another parameter
to be checked is the collision of rod with girder webs under the
spring support.

c/ Spring Supports Type 1x4

These are used for assemblies SH7 and SH15. They are fitted to the
beam, when the hanger rod extends out of the spring support
up to the top swing joint. Inside the spring, this rod is attached
to the central unit plate via the spherical pad representing the
second swing joint. Displacement of pipes results in declination
of rod passing through the spring, its deviation therefore shall be
checked. It depends on the nominal spring travel, as springs with
high travel are long and the cathetus of imaginary triangle devel-
oped is short. Supports with travel of 200 mm are applicable for
rod deviations of up to 2.5 only. Higher deviations require instal-
lation of type 134A, see the relevant catalogue sheet for details.

1.6 Displacement on Spring Supports

Standards applicable to piping design require assurance that

the horizontal force developed by displacement of pipe does
not exceed 0.070.3 multiple of the vertical load, depending on
displacement. This condition can be met by suitable selection of
elements in pipe support assembly. The assembly further requires
verification of stability, as described further below.

a/ Spring Supports Type 1x7 and 1x8

Weld-on or clamped support is placed onto the flat head of spring
unit with diameter D1, as specified in catalogue sheet. Horizontal
displacement of pipe develops friction forces. The friction surface
of metal-metal type may be used for horizontal displacement of
up to 0.1 nominal spring travel. The use of spring supports with

1.3
 1 Variable spring supports
Design

1.7 Design of Particular Spring Unit Types

Eye Rod Spring Unit Rod Rod Spring Unit

Type 1x1 Type 1x2
Spring unit for attachment to Spring unit for the most com-
the structure via welding eye mon applications, attached
and connection of rod to the into the threaded rod. The
turnbuckle. It is suitable for spring support may be locat-
assembly with short assembly ed at any point on the rod, the
length. It may be also used in only restriction is the option
assemblies for seismic appli- for adjustment of rod length
catioons, when the spring in by means of built-in turnbuck-
the rod centre is not secured le. Its position on the rod shall
against oscillation. be selected in such manner
to prevent the spring support
from collisions, spring unit
shall be visible and accessible
for adjustment purposes.

Beam top attachment Beam to rod Spring Unit

Spring Unit Type 1x3 Type 1x4
Spring unit for installation on a Spring unit for attachment
pair of beams using a securing to threaded rod and beam to
sheet featuring slots for bolt- set the support. Used for dou-
ing. The rod passes through ble-rod hangers of horizontal
the spring centre and it is at- pipes. Attachment to the beam
tached to the top of spring type 334 using bolts and pivot.
support via a nut and lock nut The assembly is applied in re-
set onto a spherical washer to stricted areas that require low
enable tilting. construction height of hang-
ers. Higher displacements of
pipe need to be checked for
compliance of rod declination
values as specified in the rele-
vant catalogue sheet.

Rod end Spring Unit Spring Support Type 1x7

Type 1x6 Spring support for attach-
Spring supports for attach- ments on structure using bolts
ment on structure and clamp and mounted to slide under
support via rod ends. Suitable pipe support. It is suitable for
for assemblies with horizon- any regular assembly without
tal pipe displacement that the need for stabilisation. For
require elimination of the ef- horizontal displacement of
fect of friction. The maximum pipe set on, exceeding 10 mm,
deviation of support from its the spring support of type
vertical axis shall be limited to 1x7T shall be used, fitted with
6. The design of this support a sliding head PTFE plate.
also enables additional height
adjustment.

1.4
1 Variable spring supports
Marking

1.8 Marking

Spring supports are marked by two different means:

1. Shortened labels used for code marking of assemblies only. This marking specifies the size and nominal travel of spring but it does
not differentiate between various types.

Size (116) Travel (1, 2, 3)

Number designating spring Number designating spring

size as shown in Table 1.2, travel as shown in type
pg. 1.6. number marking.

Marking example: Designation of spring with load capacity of 12.000 N and nominal travel of 100 mm: the code No. 6.2.

2. Marking with type number is used for specification in purchase orders. Type number comprises the size and travel code, as well
as specification of the spring support type.

1 Travel Type FN

1 variable spring support 1 nominal travel of 50 mm nominal load in (N), see table
product group 2 nominal travel of 100 mm on pg. 1.6
3 nominal travel of 200 mm
1 spring unit for hangers, eye-rod attachment type
2 spring unit for hangers, rod-rod attachment type
3 spring unit for hangers, beam-rod attachment type
4 spring unit for beam for double-rod hangers of
horizontal pipe
5 multi-spring unit, beam-rod attachment type
6 spring support, attachment with two joint lugs
7 spring support, slide surface beam attachment type
8 multi-spring support, slide surface beam type

For marking examples see catalogue sheets for particular spring types.

1.5
 1 Variable spring supports
Spring Characteristics

1.9 Spring Characteristics The table with spring characteristics relates to cage types 1, 2, 3, 4,
6 and 7.
Single-spring units for hangers and supports are divided into
twelve basic nominal load sizes ranging from 0.2 to 108 kN. Nom- Each of these cages is provided with a single spring only. For bear-
inal load is defined by spring maximum operating load of spring ing capacity classes that determine the joining dimension of rod
in N and the operating travel. Size of spring marked with a num- (see summary on pg. A.11) refer to the bottom line.
ber 112 corresponds with its nominal load. Characteristics of
load-travel values for all spring sizes and spring rates relevant to
particular nominal travel values are shown in the table below.

Table 1.1 Summary of Nominal Loads

Spring size
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Nominal load FN (kN)
0.6 1.2 2.3 4 7 12 21 36 51 63 84 108
Load group
1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 6 7 8

Table 1.2 Summary of Spring Rates

Operating travel Spring size
50 100 200 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
mm mm mm Load (kN)
0 0 0 0.20 0.40 0.77 1.33 2.33 4.0 7.0 12.0 17.0 21.0 28.0 36.0
2.5 5 10 0.22 0.44 0.84 1.47 2.57 4.4 7.7 13.2 18.7 23.1 30.8 39.6
5 10 20 0.24 0.48 0.92 1.60 2.80 4.8 8.4 14.4 20.4 25.2 33.6 43.2
7.5 15 30 0.26 0.52 1.00 1.73 3.03 5.2 9.1 15.6 22.1 27.3 36.4 46.8
10 20 40 0.28 0.56 1.07 1.87 3.27 5.6 9.8 16.8 23.8 29.4 39.2 50.4
12.5 25 50 0.30 0.60 1.15 2.00 3.50 6.0 10.5 18.0 25.5 31.5 42.0 54.0
15 30 60 0.32 0.64 1.23 2.13 3.73 6.4 11.2 19.2 27.2 33.6 44.8 57.6
17.5 35 70 0.34 0.68 1.30 2.27 3.97 6.8 11.9 20.4 28.9 35.7 47.6 61.2
20 40 80 0.36 0.72 1.38 2.40 4.20 7.2 12.6 21.6 30.6 37.8 50.4 64.8
22.5 45 90 0.38 0.76 1.46 2.53 4.43 7.6 13.3 22.8 32.3 39.9 53.2 68.4
25 50 100 0.40 0.80 1.53 2.67 4.67 8.0 14.0 24.0 34.0 42.0 56.0 72.0
27.5 55 110 0.42 0.84 1.61 2.80 4.90 8.4 14.7 25.2 35.7 44.1 58.8 75.6
30 60 120 0.44 0.88 1.69 2.93 5.13 8.8 15.4 26.4 37.4 46.2 61.6 79.2
32.5 65 130 0.46 0.92 1.76 3.07 5.37 9.2 16.1 27.6 39.1 48.3 64.4 82.8
35 70 140 0.48 0.96 1.84 3.20 5.60 9.6 16.8 28.8 40.8 50.4 67.2 86.4
37.5 75 150 0.50 1.00 1.92 3.33 5.83 10.0 17.5 30.0 42.5 52.5 70.0 90.0
40 80 160 0.52 1.04 1.99 3.47 6.07 10.4 18.2 31.2 44.2 54.6 72.8 93.6
42.5 85 170 0.54 1.08 2.07 3.60 6.30 10.8 18.9 32.4 45.9 56.7 75.6 97.2
45 90 180 0.56 1.12 2.15 3.73 6.53 11.2 19.6 33.6 47.6 58.8 78.4 100.8
47.5 95 190 0.58 1.16 2.22 3.87 6.77 11.6 20.3 34.8 49.3 60.9 81.2 104.4
50 100 200 0.60 1.20 2.30 4.00 7.00 12.0 21.0 36.0 51.0 63.0 84.0 108.0
Spring rate (N/mm)
2.0 4.0 7.7 13.3 23.3 40 70 120 170 210 - -
4.0 8.0 15.3 26.7 46.7 80 140 240 340 420 560 720
8.0 16.0 30.7 53.3 93.3 160 280 480 680 840 1120 1440

Every spring is pre-set into the unit to the basic preload (with the
label displacement value of 0 mm), which is equal to one half of
the nominal travel. That means the default preload for nominal
travel of 50 mm is 25 mm, the default pre-load for rated travel of
100 mm is 50 mm and the value for rated travel of 200 is 100 mm.

1.6
1 Variable spring supports
Spring Characteristics

Multi-spring units for hangers and supports are divided into The table with spring characteristics relates to cage types 5 and 8
four nominal load sizes ranging from 48 and 432 kN. Spring sizes formed by multiple springs each. Bearing capacity classes to de-
marked with number 1316 corresponds with its nominal load. termine the joining dimension of rod (see the summary in intro-
Characteristics of load-travel values for all spring sizes and spring duction and data sheets for product group 800 joining parts),
rates relevant to particular nominal travel values are shown in the see the bottom line.
table below.
Table 1.4 Summary of Spring Characteristics
Table 1.3 Summary of Spring Characteristics Travel Spring size
Spring size 50 100 13 14 15 16
13 14 15 16 mm Load (kN)
Rated load FN (kN) 0 0 48 68 112 144
144 204 336 432 2.5 5 53 75 123 158
Load group 5 10 58 82 134 173
9 10 11 12 7.5 15 62 88 146 187
10 20 67 95 157 202
Multi-spring units are produced for nominal travel of 50 and 100 12.5 25 72 102 168 216
mm only. These springs are used for suspension of walls and boiler
15 30 77 109 179 230
parts, supporting of duct systems, condensers, furnaces, cooling
17.5 35 82 116 190 245
water supply pipes and various machinery or devices.
20 40 86 122 202 259
The multi spring units manufactured by MPS Gradior s.r.o. are 22.5 45 91 129 213 274
equipped with locking mechanisms and sucient load settings 25 50 96 136 224 288
after installation. 27.5 55 101 143 235 302
30 60 106 150 246 317
Multi-spring units are usually used for balancing of small thermal 32.5 65 110 156 258 331
displacements or installation inaccuracies, beam flexures, differ-
35 70 115 163 269 346
ent setting-down of foundations, etc.
37.5 75 120 170 280 360
40 80 125 177 291 374
42.5 85 130 184 302 389
45 90 134 190 314 403
47.5 95 139 197 325 418
50 100 144 204 336 432
Spring rate (N/mm)
960 1 360 2 240 2 880
1 920 2 720 4 480 5 760

1.10 Design

Multi spring support comprise of four springs, these are arranged

in circular pattern around the central tube. Springs are inserted
onto dowels. When in the set position, the moving centre plate is
blocked by means of thread bars that need to be removed prior
to commissioning.

Spring supports type 1x8 shall be always provided with PTFE slid-
ing surfaces for horizontal displacement of pipe exceeding 5 mm.
The counterpart (base of support) shall be then provided with
polished stainless surface. Supports are adjusted by loosening
four heads of hexagonal shape to accommodate spanner de-
signed with axial bearings to enable their easy loosening.

Cross-section of multi-spring unit

1.7
 1 Variable spring supports
Installation Instructions

Installation of spring hangers is guided by assembly drawings Spring supports type 1x7 and 1x8 are inserted under sliding sup-
supplied by the manufacturer. Spring hangers/supports are de- ports of piping. Supports shall be checked for correct position, so
livered blocked with preset cold set load as required. Hanger rods that the sliding support base always lies on the plate of spring
shall be shortened to the required length at suspension points support head. Additional load adjustments are performed by
prior to hanger installation. turning the centre bolt moving support tube. The spring unit
shall be secured against horizontal displacement using the bot-
1.11 Deblocking tom contact plate.

Unlocking is always done after completion of pressure test and all Spring setting check unlocking of all springs will be followed by
works on piping, i.e. connecting of all equipment at the start and position check and processing of report with assessment of devia-
end of the route, branches and full erection. Locking devices are tions from theoretical/installation position. Permissible deviations
removed at any order, e.g. from the start of branch along the flow in vertical direction are:
direction. However, it is essential that this process is performed branch-intermediate hangers: +/-10 % of the nominal spring
without any excessive force: inability to remove the locking ele- travel, max. 25 mm,
ment is due to imbalance of load in spring and the pipe weight. branch-end hangers: +/-5 % of the nominal spring travel, max.
The differential force is then transferred to the spring unit body 10 mm.
via locking element. At first, the release of locking device shall be
done by straining or releasing the rod using the turnbuckle on Checks shall be conducted to verify the actual travel reserves,
hanger or the adjustment nut on support. Further verification fo- which shall be within the following ranges:
cuses on the subsequent hangers in branch, whether it transfers The reserve for constant supports in cold or hot condition to the
the load properly strained rod or spring hanger; and whether end position shall be at least 10 % of the calculation displace-
the sliding supports sits tight on the base. ment; however the minimum value is 25 mm.
The reserve for variable springs in cold or hot condition to the
end position shall be at least 10 % of to the calculation displace-
ment; however the minimum value is 5 mm.
Checks of travel allowance shall be done considering the as-
sumed end position during operation as well! Unlocking of all
hangers and the position check result shall be stated in report.

The depth for rod screwing into built-in turnbuckle should be

equal to approximately 0.5 rate spring travel. When the addi-
tional adjustment of load completed, the minimum length of
screwing overlap shall be 0.5 M (see figure below). For spring
supportss type 1x2 the top rod shall be screwed into the top plate
to the depth M and secured by means of locking nut.
M
M
M/2

Removal of locking device

Left locking device in shop default condition Type 1x2 Type 1x3
Right ejection of locking device after removal of the safety tape

Spring supports type 1x2 and 1x4 are attached to rods using a
turnbuckle integrated into the spring unit. The steel safety tape
M/2

securing the locking devices shall be removed first. If the spring

load is set-up properly, i.e. the pipe weight equals to the set spring
load, locking device can be removed from spring shell slots freely.
Potential modifications of settings are done by means of reducing Type 1x4 Types 1x7, 1x8
the rod length (increasing the load) or extending the rod length
(decreasing the load) by turning the turnbuckle. Once unlocked,
the locking devices are secured to the hanger rod using a binding Springs adjustment corrections after deblocking are conducted
wire for future use. progressively, from the node with greatest deviation from the in-
stallation position required to the node with lowest deviation. A
Spring supports type 1x3 and 1x5 are set on a pair of beams. The deviation of position is defined as a drop or lift of pipe compared
hanger rod passes through spring unit to be secured with two to the mark on spring support label or position defined in the de-
nuts on the top bearing pad; these nuts are also used for addi- sign specification of springs (the piping cold position might differ
tional adjustments. Horizontal displacement of hanger shall be from the set position). Negative deviation of position would raise
prevented by means of contact plate. the set load, whereas positive deviation will reduce it. Adjustment

1.8
1 Variable spring supports
Installation Instructions

of one node might result in spontaneous alignment of adjacent

hangers. Load on one node should be reset by the maximum of
5 % of the set value and if the position is not aligned to reach
the tolerance range required, the spring on adjacent hanger will
be reset. In case such unsatisfactory condition prevails, the proce-
dure will be repeated up to reset values of +/-10 % for particular
springs compared to initial settings. Higher re-adjustment values
shall be considered by the pipe design engineer, same as the
permissible value of deviation from the vertical position in mm
(permissible drop or lift). New values of spring load settings shall
be recorded and saved prior to commissioning. The check of cold
position is repeated after commissioning and first shutdown. Load
deviations in the newly established condition should not exceed
5 % compared to the previous settings.

1.9