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    Theory of Elasticity and Plasticity

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    rameshbabu_1979
    Unit I of the document discusses elasticity and introduces key concepts like stress, strain, equilibrium equations, compatibility equations, and Hooke's law. Stress is defined as the internal resistive force per unit area, while strain is the measure of deformation in response to stress. Hooke's law states that within the elastic limit, stress is directly proportional to strain. Stress is a tensor quantity that requires magnitude, direction and plane of action.

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    Theory of Elasticity and Plasticity

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    rameshbabu_1979
    823 views3 pages
    Unit I of the document discusses elasticity and introduces key concepts like stress, strain, equilibrium equations, compatibility equations, and Hooke's law. Stress is defined as the internal resistive force per unit area, while strain is the measure of deformation in response to stress. Hooke's law states that within the elastic limit, stress is directly proportional to strain. Stress is a tensor quantity that requires magnitude, direction and plane of action.

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    Unit I of the document discusses elasticity and introduces key concepts like stress, strain, equilibrium equations, compatibility equations, and Hooke's law. Stress is defined as the internal resistive force per unit area, while strain is the measure of deformation in response to stress. Hooke's law states that within the elastic limit, stress is directly proportional to strain. Stress is a tensor quantity that requires magnitude, direction and plane of action.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    823 views3 pages

    Theory of Elasticity and Plasticity

    Uploaded by

    rameshbabu_1979
    Unit I of the document discusses elasticity and introduces key concepts like stress, strain, equilibrium equations, compatibility equations, and Hooke's law. Stress is defined as the internal resistive force per unit area, while strain is the measure of deformation in response to stress. Hooke's law states that within the elastic limit, stress is directly proportional to strain. Stress is a tensor quantity that requires magnitude, direction and plane of action.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    Theory of Elasticity and Plasticity

    UNIT I

    ELASTICITY

    Analysis of stress and strain, equilibrium equations - Compatibility

    equations

    Stress strain relationship - Generalized Hookes law.


    UNIT II FORMULATION AND SOLUTION OF ELASTICITY PROBLEMS
    Methods of formulation of elasticity problems, methods of solution of elasticity
    problems, Plane stress and plane strain - Simple two dimensional problems in
    Cartesian and polar co-ordinates.
    UNIT III ENERGY METHODS
    Numerical and Energy methods - Castiglianos theorem - Principle of Virtual work Principle of stationary potential energy - Principle of least work Rayleighs method
    - Rayleigh-Ritz method- Finite difference method - Simple applications.
    UNIT IV TORSION
    Introduction, general solution of torsion problems, boundary conditions, stress
    function method - Torsion of non-circular sections, Prandtls membrane analogy,
    Torsion of thin walled open and closed sections - Thin walled multiple cell closed
    sections.
    UNIT V INTRODUCTION TO PLASTICITY
    Physical assumptions Criterion of yielding, plastic stress and strain relationship Elastic plastic problems in bending Torsion and thick cylinder.

    UNIT I ELASTICITY
    Stress and strain
    The stress is not a new term to a human being and it should be a
    common to both living and non-living things. Every individual and body
    responds to stress. Stress is normally defined as the internal resistive force
    per unit area offered by an object or body to an externally applied load,
    moment or torque and may be the combination of these. So whenever you
    disturb a body or a system, stress gets induced in it. Strain is the response
    arising due to the stress induced in a body. The body responds by straining.
    The strain is the measure of deformation. It is a relative phenomenon.
    Consider a prismatic bar of cross sectional area A and length L. Assume
    that the bar is fixed at one end and free at the other end. Apply a force P
    which is gradually increasing. The bar will respond to the incremental value
    of the applied tensile force. Various scientists and researchers have
    concluded that the elongation has the following relationship with the
    parameters P, A and L.
    P; -----------(1) (If you increase the load the elongation increases)
    L ;-----------(2) (The elongation will be more for lengthy specimens)

    1
    A

    ;------------(3) (The elongation diminishes as you increase the cross

    section)
    The above three equations can be summed up and thus

    PL
    AE

    said to be Youngs modulus of elasticity. The expression for

    P 1
    = .
    rewritten as L
    A E

    P
    A

    and strain

    ---(4)

    where E is

    could be

    Now we can define the formula for stress

    and hence the equation (4) could be further


    reworded as = E

    and from this the very fundamental relation between

    stress and strain could be arrived.


    E=

    ----- (5). Now this relation could be narrated as Hookes law which

    states that with in the elastic limit , stress is directly proportional to strain. It
    could be noted down that both the stress and the Youngs modulus have the
    same unit i.e., MPa. So, how will you differentiate them? The answer is E
    could be defined as the stress induced due to unit strain. The stress here is
    P
    only in one direction and that could be represented as y = A . The subscript
    represents the direction of the stress. But stress is a tensor quantity and a
    ij
    more generalized expression could be
    , where i and j = x,y,z. The stress
    needs magnitude, direction and the plane on which it acts and hence it is
    called tensor quantity. From this point we could use the stress tensor by
    substituting the corresponding values of i and j for the stress tensor.

    xx xy xz
    ij = yx yy yz
    zx zy zz

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