Ala Hazrath The 14 Century Mujadidh

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GANDIJI ROAD,
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2. je;ijapd] fdt[ 11 25. cyf thH]fi ; fapy; Myh Q$;uj;
3. ,khk;; mQkj; u$h u$pay;yhQ%md;Q% uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp 47
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6. Myh Q$;uj; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q%tpd; 28. kf;fh Kfh]ukh cykhf;fshy; Myh Q$;uj;
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9. Myh Q$;uj; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q% xU uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fSf;F
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10. QjP!;fspd; Zhdk; 20 30. Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
11. gj;th (khh]ff; j; jPh]gg] )[ tH|;Ftjpy; Zhdk; 20 mth]fspd; $pQhj;(nghuhl]lk;) 53
12. mwptpay; Zhdk; 21 31. Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
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18. igmj; kw;Wk; fpyh@gj; bgWjy; 31 34. cykhf;fSf;F khpahij brYj;Jjy; 59
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41. kdjpy; cs;sij mwpe;jhh] 65 gp;ugykhd bgah] : Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp
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Kd; tH|;fpa filrp mwpt[iufs; 67 c. gp. ,e;jpah.
44. ,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd; u$pay;yhQ% gpwe;j njjp : jp|;fl; fpHik, 10 k; #t;thy;
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50. k!;yf;nf Myh Q$;uj;(Leader) 82 ,Ug]gpDk; vy;yh jhPfj;jpYk;
51. vdJ FUkhhpd;(gPnuh Kh]#pj;) je;ij mDkjp bgw;whh].
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52. ryhk; (cUJ & jkpH; mh]jj ; k;) 91 je; i japd] fdt[
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Zhdj;jpYk]/ Md;kPfj;jpYk; cah;e;j ,lj;ij tfpg]ghd;. ,ij Th; i kahf ftdpj; j Myh Q$; u j;
mtDila bgah]/g[fH; fpHf;fpypUe;J nkw]F tiu cah]eJ; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp “eP|f ] s; brhy;tJ nghy; ,Ue;jhy;
gue;J tphpa[k.; ” vd;W Rgr; bra;jpia Twpdhh;fs.; Vd; ntW vGj;Jfs; te;J “mypg;” Kd; nruf;TlhJ. “yhk;”
kl;Lk; nrUtjw;F fhuzk; vd;d> vd;W tpdtpdhh;fs;. ,ijf;
,khk; ; mQkj; u$h u$pay; y hQ%md; Q % nfl;l Q$;uj; my;yhkh u!h fhd; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
mth; f spd; Muk; g epiyf; fy; t p bka; r pyph] j ; J re; n jh#j; j pd; cr] r j; j py; Myh Q$; u j;
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fisf; fl;og]gpoj;Jf; bfhz;L
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp mth]fspd;(gp!;kpy;yh my;yhQ;tplk; mth]fSf;fhf Jth bra;jhh]fs;. gpd; tpilia
fhdp) Muk;gepiyf; fy;tpapy; ele;j Ritahd rk;gtk; ,J. gpd;tUkhW Twpdhh].
Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp mth] f spd;
khpahijf;Fhpa Mrphpah] j!;kpahit brhy;ypf; bfhLj;jhh]. ghh]gg ] jw;F ,uz:L vGj;Jf;fSk; xnu khjphpahfj;jhd;
gpwF mypg]/ ng/ nj vdr] brhy;yr; brhy;y Myh Q$;uj; ,Uf;Fk;. ,uz:Lnk btw;W (Empty) MFk;. ,uz:Lnk nrh]eJ ;
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs; jpUk;gr; brhd;dhh;fs;. vGjpdhy; Tl ghh]g]gjw;F xnu khjphpahfj;jhd; ,Uf;Fk;.
“yhk;mypg;” vd;W te;jJk; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp mjDila juj;jpy; (Quality) tUk; bghGJ “yhk;” vd;gJ
bksdkhfp tpl]lhh]fs;. Mrphpah] jpUk;gj; jpUk;g brhy;ypa[k; “mypg] ” f; F ,jakhft[ k ; / “mypg] ” vd; g J “yhk; ” f; F
mikjpahfnt ,Ue;jhh;fs;. Q$;uj; my;yhkh u$h fhd; ,jakhft[k; khWk;.
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp/ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp
miyQp mth]fis nehf;fp “kfnd cd; Mrphpah] brhy;tij ,e;j jUzj;jpy; cz;ikapy; ele;jJ vd;dbtd;why;
ftdpj;J jpUk;gr; brhy;” vdf; Twpdhh]fs;. Q$; u j; my; y hkh u$h fhd; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp
mth] f s; / Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd; mth] f Sf; F mwptpd; thriya[ k ; / Md; k Pf
bksdj;jpd; fhuzj;i ; j mwpe;Jf; bfhz;lhh] my;yhkh u$h cs;Szh]tf [ isa[k; jpwe;J itj;jhh]fs;.
fhd; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp. mJahbjdpy;/ Kjy; ghlk;
fw;gpf;fg]gLtJ XbuGj;Jf;fisg; gw;wp/ Mdhy; “yhk;mypg;”
rpWtajpy; jf; t h (gagf; j p)
<buGj;J nghy ,Ug;gJ gw;wp MFk;. Q$;uj; my;yhkh u!h
jd; kPJ nehd;g[ flikapy;yhj tajpy; Myh Q$;uj;
fhd; uQkJy; y hQp miyQp bjhpe; j pUe; j hh] f s; / ,e; j
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp nehd;g[ nehw;f Mirg]gl]L] nehd;g[
jaf;fj;ij (tpdhit) bjspt[gLj;JtJ fodkhdbjhd;W/
itj;jhh]fs;. me;j uk;$hd; khjk; kpFe;j btapy; fhykha;
,Ug] g pDk; Twyhdhh] f s; . “kfnd! eP|] f s; epidg] g J ,Ue; j J. Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp
cz;ikahd Tw;Wjhd; ,Ug]gpDk; Kd;djhf eP|]fs; Xjpa mth]fSila je;ij kt;yhdh efp mypfhd; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp
“mypg]” cz;ikapy; xU “Qk;rh” MFk;. ,g;bghGJ eP|]fs; miyQp btapypd; c#;zj;ij czh]e;jth]fsha; rpwpJ
XJtnj mypg]. mypg] vg;bghGJnk xU “rhfpd; ” MFk;/ czt[ tiffis vLj; J f; bfhz; L / Myh Q$; u j;
Mdhy; mfuthpirg;go (Alphabetical order) xUth] “rhfpid” uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fis miHj;Jf;bfhz;L xU
Muk;gk; bra;aKoahJ. mjdhy;jhd; mfuthpirapy; “mypg;” miwf;Fs; brd;W fjit jhHpl]lhh;fs;. jd; kfid rhg]gplt[k;
f;F Kd;dhy; “yhk;” tUfpwJ. vd;W Twp/,|;F ahUk; c|;fis ghh]ff ; khl]lhh;fs;/ nkYk;
FHe;ijfs; ,g]goj;jhd; nehd;ig itg]ghh]fs; vd;whh]. mjw;F g[ j ; j fj; i ja[ k ; gapd; w hh; . Myh Q$; u j; uQkJy; y hQp
Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp “ahUila miyQp ntW gyhplj;jpYk; fy;tp Zhdj;ij gapd;whh.
fl;lisf;fhf ehd; nehd;g[ itj;jpUf;fpd;nwndh mtd; mtw;wpy; rpy Kf;fpakhdth]fs;...
vd;idg] ghh]jj
; tdhf cs;shd;” vd;whh]. ,jid nfl;lJk;
mtUila je;ijapd; fz;fspy; fz;zPh] te;Jtpl;lJ. 1. Q$;uj; kt;yhdh mg]Jy;myp uhk;g{hp uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp
miyQp
Myh Q$; u j; uQkJy; y hQp miyQp 6 tajpy;
jd; D ila Kjy; khh] f ; f brhw; b ghHpit ugpa[ y ; m t; t y; 2. n#f;nf fgPh/] Q$;uj; my;yhkh iraj; #h mg[y; Qrd;
khjj;jpy;/ egp !y;yy;yhQ%miyQp t!y;yk; mth]fspd; mQkj; E}hp uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
gpwg]igg] gw]wp bjhl|]fpdhh]fs]. Rkhh] 2 kzpneuk; egpfspd;
bksY}J jiyg] g py; brhw; b ghHpit nfl; L kf; f s; 3. n#f;nf jhhpf;fh/ Q$;uj; my;yhkh iraj; #hMny
bka; k we; j dh] . Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp uNy; kQ;uutp u$pay;yhQ% md;Q%
brhw; b ghHpt[ epfH; j ; j pa tpjk; midj; J kf; f isa[ k ;
cykhf;fisa[k; btFthf fth]ej ; J. 4. n#f; mQkj; gpd; i$dp jQ;yhd; kf;fP u$pay;yhQ%
md;Q%
fy; t pg; gapw; r p
5. n#f; mg]Jh] uQ]khd; kf]fP u$pay;yhQ% md;Q%
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs;
jpUf; F uhidj; jd; D ila 4 tajpy; Xjp Koj; j hh] . 6. n#f; Q%ird; gpd; rhypQh kf]fP u$pay;yhQ% md;Q%
my;yhQ%t[ila mUk;bgUk; Zhd Mw]wyhy; Myh Q$;uj;
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp jd;Dila ,!;yhkpag] gog]ig 13 Myh Q$; u j; u$pay; y hQ%jMyh
tUl|]fs;/10 khj|]fs;/ 5 ehl]fspy; Koj;jhh]fs;. mg]bghGJ md; Q %tpd; Kjy; gj; t h ( khh] f ] f j; jPh] g ] g [ )
tUlk; Qp$;hp 1286 MFk;. Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp
miyQp mth]fspd; taJk; 13 tUlk;/ 10 khjk;/ 5 ehl]fs; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs;
MFk;. jd;Dila khh]f;f gog]ig Koj;J mjpy; njh;r;rpg] bgw;w
ty; Y eh] vd; W rhd; w pjH; f s; bgWk; rkaj; j py; / Q$; u j;
“my; $h rJ}h] u!;tpah” vd;Dk; E}ypy; Myh Q$;uj; mth] f splj; j py; xU tpdh nfl] f g] g l] l J/ jha; g ] g hyhdJ
uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp TWfpwhh] f s; / “me; j tajpy; FHe;ijapDila tapw;iw brd;wile;jhy;/ mf;FHe;ij
bjhGif vd; kPJ fl]lhakhf ,Ue;jJ/ ehDk; #hpmj; rl]lk; mg]bgz:zhy; tsh]ff ; g]gl]l FHe;ij MFkh> Mfhjh>
ngqtjpy; kpf Mh]tkhf ,Ue;njd;.”
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs;/
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs; bjspthd Kiwapy; jd;Dila 13 tajpy; mHfhf gjpy;
mog] g ilf; f y; t pia jk; je; i japlj; J k; jdJ brhd;dhh;f
; s;. “jha;gg
] hyhdJ FHe;ijapDila \f;fpd;
eLepiyf; f y; t pia $dhg] kph] r h Fyhk; fhjph] ngf; tHpahfnth my;yJ thapd; tHpahfnth FHe;ijapDila
mth]fsplj;jpy; fw;whh]. ,thplk; jhd; kPrhd; Kd;#mg] vd;w
tapw;iw brd;wile;jhy;/ mf;FHe;ijahdJ mg]bgz:zhy; \j;j kfdhh] Q%$;$Jy; ,!;yhk;/ Q$;uj; my;yhkh
tsh;ff; g]gl]l FHe;ij nghd;wnjahFk;. nkYk; mf;FHe;ij kt; y hdh KQk; k j; Qhkpj; u$h fhd; E}hp gufhjp
f;F/ mg]bgz:iz kzKog]gJ vd;gJ Quhk; MFk;. u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q% jk; je;ijiag] nghd;W fy;tp/
Mjhuk; : my; ky;g{!;/ghfk; 1/gf;fk; 12 Zhdf;flypy; njh]rr
] pg] bgw;wth]. mz:zhh] mth]fs; Qp$;hp 1362
tUlk; 17 $khjpa[y; mt;ty; md;W bjhGJ bfhz:oUf;Fk;
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fSila nghJ cyf thH; f ; i fapypUe; J kiwe; j hh; . ,th; f spd;
bjspthd Zhdkpf;f gjpy;fshy; kfpH;t[w;w mtuJ je;ij/ g[dpjkpF k$hh] #hP@g] gnuy;tpapy; (c.gp) cs;sJ.
gj; t h tH|] F k; bghWg] i g jd; D ila kfdplj; j py;
xg] g ilj; j hh; . jpdKk; E}w; W f; f zf; f hd gj; t hf; f is ,isa kfdhh] fhyj;jpd; bfsJ/ Q%$%h] K@g]jpna
fz: z paj; J lDk; / khh; f ; f g] bghWg; g [ z h; t [ l Dk; M$(z)k; Qpe;j; vd;w m#; #h ,khk; K!;jgh u$h fhd; E}hp
tH|]fpdhh]fs;. Q$;uj;jplk; gjpiy bgWtjw;F mugp/ cUJ/ gufhjp u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md; Q % mth] f s; jk; K ila
Qpe;jp/ ghurPfk;/ M|]fpyk; kw;Wk; gy bkhHpfspy; nfs;tpfs; mz:zzpd; tHpfhl]Ljypy; fy;tp Zhdf;flypy; njh]r]rpg]
te;J bfhz;oUf;Fk;. bgw;whh]. Q%$%h] K@g]jpna Mrk; Qpe;j; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp
miyQp mth] f Sf; F 10 ,yl; r k; KhpJfs; cyfstpy;
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth;fSila cs; s dh] . Q$; u j; mth] f s; 15k; E}w; w hz: o d; K$j; j pj;
gj; t hf; f isg] gw; w p g[ u @g!h; Dr.J.M.S. gy; $ d; / (,!;yhj;jpw;F cap+l]Lgth]) vd;Wk; miHf;fg]gLfpwhh].
,!; y hkpaj; J iw Muha; r ; r p/ yPld; mz: z hh] mth] f s; 14 bkhQuk; / 1402 Qp$; h papy; cyf
gy; f iyf; f Hfk; ( Qhyhe; J ) TWifapy; / “Myh Q$; u j; thH;fi; fapypUe;J kiwe;jhh;fs;. ,th]fspd; g[dpjkpF k$hh]
uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp xU kpfg] b ghpa khbgUk; #hPg] gnuy;tpapy; (c.gp) cs;sJ.
mwpt[ff ; sZ;rpak;/ mth]fSila gjpy;fs; mwptpay; kw;Wk;
Md;kPf fz:nzhl]lj;Jld; xj;Jg]nghFk;. gjpy;fSf;fhd Myh Q$; u j; u$pay; y hQ%jMyh md; Q % xU
Mjhu|; f s; jUk; tpjKk; / mthpd; tpthjKk; Zhdf; f ly;
gpuk;kpf;fjf;fjhf ,Uf;Fk;.”
irajP Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp
Myh Q$; u j; u$pay; y hQ%jMyh mth]fs; jk; je;ijaplj;jpy; fw;w fy;tpapd; tptuk;
md; Q %tpd; ,y; t hH; f ; i fa[ k ; . FHe; i jfSk; 1. jpUf;Fh]Md; jg]!Ph]
2. QjP!;fspd; jg]!Ph]
irajP Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp 3. QjP!pd; bfhs;iffs;(cNny QjPj;)
jd; D ila 18 tajpy; / Qp$; h p 1291 (1874)k; Mz: L 4. ,!;yhkpar; rl]l|]fs; (4 kj;Qg[fs;)
fz:zpakpf;f ira;apjh ,h]#hj; ngfk; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh 5. rl]l jj;Jt bfhs;iffs;(cNny @gpf;Q;)
md;Qh mth]fis kzk; Koj;jhh]. my;yhQ%jMyh 6. bkhHpfspd; ,yf;fpak;
,e;j fz;zpakpf;f jk;gjpapdUf;F 2 kfd;fs;/ 5 kfs;fis 7. jpUf;Fh;Md; tpsf;f ciu
bfhLj;jhd;. 2 kfd;fSk; nghw;wj;jf;f khh]ff
; Zhdj;ija[k/; 8. <khDila bfhs;iffs;
rpwe;j mt;ypah my;yhQ; vd;w me;j!;ija[k; bgw;wdh]. 9. tpthjf; bfhs;iffs;
10. mugpr; brhw;bwhlh] ,yf;fzk;
11. mzpapyf;fzf; bfhs;iffs; 6. ahg]gpyf;fz mwptpay; (Prosody)

12. cUtf mzpiaf; bfhz:L bkhHp mikj;jy; 7. thd rh!;jpuk; ( Astrology)
13. mwptpay; rk;ge;jkhd mzpapyf;fzk; 8. tuyhW mwptpay; (Science of History)
14. epajp Kiw (m) jh]ff; Kiw 9. Qpe;jp ciueil
15. tpthj|]fs; 10. ghurPf ciueil
16. murpay; bfhs;iffs; kw;Wk; mjd; jj;Jtk; 11. ghurPf bkhHp vGJjy;
17. mzpapyf;f jpl]lk; 12. MHkhd mugp bkhHp Zhdk;
18. ,aw;gpay;(bgsjPfk;)
19. fzpjk; nkYk; Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp gy
20. ,aw;gpay; fzpjk;(Physical Engineering) Jiwfspy; bkhj; j k; 54 tifahd Zhd|] f isg]
Mjhuk; : my; $hrJy; Kja;adh gf;fk; 22 bgw;wpUe;jhh]fs;.
Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp/ gpw xU Kiw Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
cykhf;fsplk; fw;w fy;tpapd; tptuk;. mth]fsplj;jpy; fodkhd fzpj njw;w|]fis (Theorems)
1. jpUf;Fh]Md; kddk; bra;jy; vg]go Rygkhf ifahSfpwPh]fs;> vd;W tpdh nfl]ljw]F/
2. rhpahd Xira[ld; jpUf;Fh;Md; XJjy; Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp “vdf; F ve; j
3. cz;ikiaa[k; guk;bghUisa[k; fhqk; fy;tp MrphpaUk; ,e;jj; Jiwfspy; fpilahJ ,Ug]gpDk; eP|]fs;
4. kiwthdtw;iw mwpa[k; fy;tp vd; d vd; d plk; fhz: f pd; w Ph; f nsh/ mJ vy; y hk; ehd; F
5. ,!:yhkpa ePjp bewp Rth]fshd vd;Dila miwapy; fpilf;fg] bgw;nwd;. ,J
6. QjPJ mwptpg]ghsh]fspd; bgaiu mwpjy; uNy; !y; y y; yhQ% miyQp t!y; y kpd; fpUig
7. egp KQk;kj; !y;yy;yhQ%miyQp t!y;ykpd; MFk;.”vd;whh].
thH;fi; f tuyhW. Mjhuk; : my; kPrhd;/gf;fk; 342
8. ,!:yhkpa tuyhW
9. mugp ,yf;fz ,yf;fpak; xU Kiw kt;ytp mg]Jy; Qf; ifuhghjp/ Myh Q$;uj;
10. ,yf;fpak; - Xh] tp#aj;ij gw;wpa KGikahd uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fsplj;jpy; “eP|]fs; ve;jj;
tptuk; mwpjy;. Jiwapy; (Specialised) rpwe;jth;fs;>” vd;W tpdtpdhh].
irajP Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp mjw;F Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp “ ehd;
mth]fs; ve;j xU Mrpupahpd; cjtp ,y;yhky; jhdhfnt gj; t h (khh] f ; f j; jPh] g ] g [ ) tH|] F tjpYk; / g[ j ; j f|] f s;
mwpe;J bfhz:l fy;tpapd; tptuk;... vGJtjpYk; vd;Dila ntiy brd;Wf; bfhz:oUf;fpd;wJ.
1. vz: fzpjk; (Arithmetic) ,Ug] g pDk; / ve; j neuj; j py; ve; j j; Jiwapy; mtrpak;
2. Fwp fzf;fpay; (Algebra) njitg] g Lnkh/ me; j j; Jiwapy; mf; f znk rpwe; J
3. nkYk; fzpjj;jpd; 12 fpis gphpt[fs; tps|]Fntd;. nkYk; tQhgpfspd; ( jg]yPf; $khj;/ mQ;ny
4. etPd thdtpay; (Astronomy) QjP!;/ fhjpahdp/ nkYk; gy tQhgpfs;) thjj]jpw;Fk; gjpy;
5. kug[tpay; (Science of Inheritance) bfhLf;f jahuhf ,Ug]ngd;.” vd;whh]fs;.
QjP!; f spd; Zhdk; ,d;Wk; cyfstpy; gj;thf;fis tH|;Fgth]fs; gj;thna

u$;tpahitna Mjhukhff; bfhs;fpd;wdh;.
QjP!; fspd; bfhs; iffis mwpe;jpUe; jhh] . Vwf; F iwa mwptpay; Zhdk;
xt;bthU QjP!; mwptpg]ghshpd; KGikahd tuyhw;iwa[k;
mwpe;jpUe;jhh]fs;. xU QjPi! mwptpf;Fk; nghJ Myh Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs;
Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs;/ me;j QjP!pd; jd;Dila “gt[n$ KgPd; jh] Qh]fnj $kPd;” vd;w E}ypy;
tif/ me; j QjP!pd; ed; i kfs; / me; j QjP!pd; jpUf; F h] M d; trd|] f is Mjhukhff; bfhz: L g{kp
KGikahd fhuz fhhpak; Mfpa vy; y htw; i wa[ k ; Rw; W tjpy; i y khwhf g{kp epiyahf ,Uf; f pwJ vd; W k;
TWthh] f s; . epiwa rpW rpW g[ j ; j f|] f is QjP!pd; nkYk; kw;w nfhs;fs; midj;Jk; g{kpia ikakhff; bfhz:L
tiffisf; bfhz: L jdpahf gphpj; J vGjpa[ s ; s hh; f s; . Rw;Wfpd;wJ vd Mjhug]g{h]tkhf tpsf;Ffpwhh]fs;. Mdhy;
mtw; w py; xd; W jhd; “Qh$pRy; $iud; md; $k; k h etPdfhy thdtpay; g{kp jd;idj;jhnd Rw;wpf;bfhz:Lk;/
igd!;”vd;w g[jj ; fk; MFk;. Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp kw;wf; nfhs;fSk; Nhpaid ikakhff; bfhz:L Rw;Wfpd;wJ
miyQp mth] f is QjP!; f spd; Muha; r ; r pahsh] vd; W vd TWfpd;wJ. ,e;j jtwhd tpsf;fj;jpw;F/ jtW vd;Wk;
Twpdhy; kpifahfhJ. jd;Dila E}ypy; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
Mjhug]g{h]tkhf tpsf;Ffpwhh;fs;. rpy ,l|]fspy; fypyPnah
xU bghpath] TWfpwhh] Muha;rr
; p jd;ika[k; ftpij kw;Wk; rh] Irf; epa{l;ldpd; rpy jtwhd njw;w|]fSf;F
eaKk; xUthpy; ,uz:lw ,iztJ ,ayhj fhhpak;. Mdhy; (Theorems) Mjhuk; jUfpwhh] f s; . Myh Q$; u j;
,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp kl]Lk; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp mth]fSila thdtpay; g[jj ; fj;ij ek;kpy;
,jw;F tpjptpyf;F/ Vbddpy; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp ed;F mwptpay; gapd;w ; th]fs; M|]fpy bkhHpahf;fk; bra;J
miyQp xU rpwe;j ftpZh] Mthh]. nkw;fj;jpa Muha;r;rpahsUf;F bfhLj;jhy; etPd cyf
thdtpaypy; khw;wk; tu tha;gg ; z
[ L
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gj; t h (khh] f ; f j; jPh] g ] g [ ) tH|] F tjpy; Zhdk;
thdtpay; kw; W k; Xjpg] g hh] j ; j y; Zhdk;
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp jd;Dila Md;kPf
Zhdj;jhYk;/ fy;tp mwpthYk; my;yhQ;tpd; nguUisf; kt; y hdh Fyhk; Q%ird; rhQpg] Xjpg] g hh] j ; j y;
bfhz: L epahakhd khh] f ; f j; j Ph] g ] g [ f s; tH|] f pdhh] f s; . fiyapy; bgah; bgw; w th] . xU ehs; Myh Q$; u j;
#hpmj; n j K!; j gh !y; y y; yhQ% miyQp t!y; y k; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fis re;jpf;f nehpl]lJ/
(,!;yhkpar; rl]lk;) ngqtjpy; Q$;uj; mth]fs; kpfj; mg;bghGJ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
jPtpukhf ,Ug]ghh]. Mk*; #hpmj; go elf;fpwth]fs;jhd; #hpmj; kt;yhdh Fyhk; Q%irdplk; kiHapd; epytuk; vd;d> vdf;
rk;ge;jkhd gpur;rpidfis jPh]ff ; ty;yth] vd]gJ jPh]ff ; khd nfl;lhh]fs;. kt;yhdh Fyhk; Q%ird; el;rj;jpu rk;ge;jkhd
fUj;J. Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd; ml;ltizia vLj;J fzf;F nghl]L ,e;j khjj;jpy; kiH
gj; t hf; f spd; bjhFg] g [ “gj; t hna u$; t pah” vd; W ,y;iy vd;Wk; mLj;j khjj;jpy; jhd; kiH bga;a[k; vd;W
miHf;fg]gLfpwJ. 12 ghf (Volumes) g[j;jf|]fspd; ,e;j brhy; y ptpl; L el; r j; j pu ml; l tizia Myh Q$; u j;
gj;thna u$;tpah Vwf;Fiwa 12000 gf;f|]fisf; bfhz;lJ. uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fsplj;jpy; bfhLj;jhh;. Myh
Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp xU Kiw ghh]j;Jtpl;L/ kdkpy;yhky;/ ,th] vg;go vd;Dila fzpj re;njf|]fis
“my;yhQ; epidj;jhy; ,g]nghnj kiH bga;a[k;” vd;whh]. jPhj
] J
; itg]ghh]> mwpit tsh]jJ ; f;bfhs;tjw;fhf jd;Dila
kt;yhdh Fyhk; Q%ird;/ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp gnuy;tp efiuf; Tl jhz:lhjtuhy; vg]go Koa[k;> vd;w
miyQpia nehf; f p eP|] f s; el; r j; j pu ml; l tiziag] vz:z|]fSld; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
ghh] f ; f tpy; i yah> vd; w hh] . mjw; F Myh Q$; u j; mth] f is re; j pj; j hh] . rh] $paht[ j ; j Pd; jd; D ila
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp “ehd; vy;yhtw;iwa[k; ftdpj;J Muha; r ; r papd; fzpj re; n jf|] f is Myh Q$; u j;
bfhz;oUf;fpd;nwd;” vd;whh]. uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp mth] f splk; bfhLj; J tpl] L
“Koe; j hy; ,e; j re; n jf|] f is jPh] j ; J ita[ | ] f s; / ehd;
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp fofhuj;ij bgh]ypd; efUf;F brd;W tUfpnwd;.” vd;whh]. Myh Q$;uj;
ghh]j;jthnw kzp vd;d> vdf; nfl]lhh]. mjw;F kt;yhdh uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp jd;Dila vGj;J ntiyfspy;
Fyhk; Q%ird; 12 Mtjw; F \d; W fhy; g|] F fs; kPjp Kk;Kukhf ,Ue;jthnw/ rh] $paht[j;jPDila ngr;ira[k;
,Uf;fpd;wJ (11.15) vd;whh]. ,ijf; nfl]lt[ld;/ Myh Q$;uj; nfl]L bfhz:oUe;jhh]fs;. rw;W neuj;jpy; rh] $paht[j;jPd;
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp jd;Dila jhj;jhtpd; fofhuj;ij ngr;ir Koj;Jf;bfhz:L “tUfpnwd;” vd;W brhy;yptpl]L
beU|]fp jd; tpuy;fshy; bghpa Ks;is Rw;wp neuj;ij 12 kzp fpsk;g jahuhdhh].
Mf;fpdhh;/ fofhu kzp xypj;jJ.
Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp/ rh]
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp kt;yhdh $paht[j;jPid miHj;J xU fhfpj;ij ePl]Odhh]fs;. vd;d
Fyhk; Q%irid nehf;fp kzp 12 vdf; fhl]Lfpd;wnj vd;whh]. Mr] r hpak; me; j fhfpjj; j py; mtUila fzpj
mjw; F kt; y hdh Fyhk; Q%ird; “fofhu Kl; f s; ,lk; re; n jfj; j pw; f hd tpil ,Ue; j J. ,ijf; fz: l Jk; rh]
bgaUtjw;F fhuzk; eP|f ] s; jhnd!” vd;whh]. ,ijf; nfl]lJk; $paht[jj; Pd; Twyhdhh]/ “,d;W ehd; ek;gf
[ pnwd;/ c|]fsplk;
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp “my;yhQ;tpw;nf Vnjh xU tpag] g {l] L k; Zhdk; cs; s J” vd; w hh; . nkYk;
midj; J mjpfhuKk; mtd; epidj; j hy; Kiwahf fy;tpr;rhiy brd;W fzpjk; gapyhj Myh Q$;uj;
el; r j; j pu|] f spd; epiyfisa[ k ; khw; W thd; mtdJ uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp/ Vw;fdnt ,e;j Muha;r;rpia
tpUg]gg]go ….. ” vd;W thf;fpaj;ij brhy;yp Kog]gjw;Fs; bra;jJ nghy; kpf vspikahf tpilia je;jhh]fs;. ,J
kiH ntfkhf bfhl]lj; Jt|]fpaJ! Rg]Qhdy;yh!!! fzpjj;Jiwapny ,Uf;Fk; vd;dhy; KGKaw;rpia bra;j
nghjpYk; Koahky; nghdJ MFk; vd;W Mr]rhpag]gl]lhh].
fzpj Zhdk;
,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd;
rh] $paht[jj ; Pd ; vd;w gpugykhd fzpj nkij u$pay; y hQ%md; Q %tpd; ,y; n k $h@gh]
jd;Dila Muha;rr ; papd; fhuzkhft[k/; me;j Muha;rr
; papy;
tUk; fzpj FHg] g |] f is bjspe; J bfhs; t jw; f hft[ k ; ,y; n k $h@gh] vd; w “mwpthdJ gpd; d h] elf; f
b$h]kdpapy; cs;s bgh]ypd; efUf;F bry;y jpl]lkpl]lhh;. rpy ,Ug]gij Kd;ng mwpa[k;” xU fiyahFk;. ,J bghJthf
kt;yhdhf;fspd; bjhlh]ghy; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp my; y hQ; t pd; ,iwnerh] f Sf; F fpilf; f g] b gWk;
miyQp mth] f spd; fzpj Zhdk; brhy; y f; n fl] L my;yhQ;tpd; nguUshFk;.
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp gpur;rpidapd; fhuzkhf uhk;g{hpy; fyfk; btoj;jJ. uhk;g{hpd;
mth]fsplj;jpy; xU Kiw fpahkj; ehspd; mwpFwpfSk;/ fth] d h] ,e; j g] gpur; r pidia jPh] g ] g jw; f hf kD xd; i w
,khk; kQjp miyQp!yhk; mth] f spd; tUifa[ k ; kd;dUf;F mDg]gpdhd;. mjpy; nehpy; kd;diu ghh]jJ ; ngr
vjph]fhyj;jpy; vg]nghJ epfGk;> vdf;nfl]fg]gl]lJ. mjw;F ntz:oa cldo mtrpak; ,Ug]gjhy;/ kd;diu uhk;g{Uf;F
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp “ my; y hQ; t [ k ; tUkhW miHg]g[ tpLj;jpUe;jhd;. vnjr;irahf kd;dhpd;
mtdJ uNYk; (!y; y y; y hQ%miyQpt!y; y k; ) kpf kidtpa[k; gazj;jpw;F jahuhfp ,UtUk; uhk;g{h] te;J
ed; w hf mwpthh] f s; ” vd; w hh] . gpwF jpUf; F h] M d; nrh]ej; dh]. uhk;g{h] te;J nrh]ej
; rpy kzpj;Jspfspy; jpObud;W
trd|] f isa[ k ; / QjP!; f isa[ k ; xd; w d; gpd; xd; w hf kd;ddpd; kidtp ,we;jhs;. me;j ehs; bkhQuk; khjkhf
thpirahf fpahkj; ehs; gw;wp Twpf;bfhz:nl te;jhh]fs;. gpwF ,Ue;jJ. Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd;
Twyhdhh] f s; “ xU tpjkhd mwpitf; b fhz: L / ehd; fzpg]ig ,r;rk;gtk; cz:ikg;gLj;jpaJ!
epidf;fpnwd; Qp$;hp 1837 y; cyfpd; ve;j xU ,lj;jpYk;
,!;yhkpa Ml]rp ,Uf;fhJ/ me;j jUzj;jpy; Qp$;hp 1900 y; jpUf; F h] M d; bkhHpg] b gah] g ] g [ kw; W k;
,khk; kQjp miyQp!yhk; njhd;Wthh]fs; – rhj;jpak; tpsf; f t[ i u Zhdk;
,Uf; f pwJ” ,ijf; nfl] l rpy ngh] Myh Q$; u j;
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fis nehf;fp/ eP|]fs; ,y;nk cUJbkhHpapy; gy ngh] jpUf;Fh]Md; bkhHpg]bgah]gg ] [
$h@gh] mwpitf; bfhz:L mwpe;jPh]fsh> vdf; nfl]ldh]. bra; J s; s dh] . Mdhy; Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp
mjw;F Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp rphpj;jthnu miyQp mth]fspd; jpUf;Fh]Md; bkhHpg]bgah]gg ] hd “fd;$%y;
“ khk;gH|]fis rhg]gpL|]fs;/ ku|]fis vz:zhjPh]fs; ” <khd;” kw;w bkhHpg]bgah]gg ] f
[ Sld; xg]gpLk; nghJ jd;dpfuw;w
vd;whh]. Xh] jdpj;Jtk; tha;ej; jhf cUJbkhHpapy; tps|]FfpwJ. ,J
midj;J cyf kf;fshYk; Vw;Wf;bfhs;sg]gLfpwJ. fhuzk;
xU Kiw uhk; g {h] kd; d hpd; kidtp kpft[ k ; vd; d btdpy; / Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp
neha;tha;g]gl]oUe;jhs;/ kd;dh] mtis kpft[k; nerpj;jhd;;. jpUf; F h] M d; bkhHpg] b gah] g ] g py; gad; g Lj; j pa xt; b thU
,!; y hj; i j Kiwahf ngqtjpy; kd; d d; thh] j ; i jfSk; my; y hQ; kw; W k; uNy; ; !y; y y; y hQ%
mf;fiwapy;yhjtd;. rpghhpRfspd; \ykhf Myh Q$;uj; miyQpt!y;yk; mth]fspd; cah]ej ; jd;ikfSf;F Vw;w
uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp mth] f Sf; F bra; j pia fUj;ij btspg]gLj]Jk; juk; kpf;f brhw;fshf ,Ug]gnj
mDg]gpdhd;/ mjpy; jd;Dila kidtp vg]bghGJ> v|;nf MFk;.
,wg] g hs; > vdf; nfl] o Ue; j hd; . mr; r kak; mts; kidtp
iedplhy; vd; w Chpy; ,Ue; j hs; . Myh Q$; u j; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kJy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd;
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp kd;ddplk; J}Jtid mDg]gpdhh]/ jpUf;Fh]Md; bkhHpg]bgah]gg ] [ btWk; vGj;J ntiyahf kl]Lk;
mj;J}Jtpy; kd;ddpd; kidtp uhk;g{hpy; ,wg]ghs; vdt[k;/ ,y;yhky;/ jpUf;Fh]Mdpd; rpwe;j tpsf;fkhft[k; mike;jJ.
bkhQuk; khjk; epfGk; vdt[k; TwpapUe;jhh;fs;. mjdhy; ,jidg] gw;wp Q$;uj; ira;ajpdh KQj;jpn! M$k; Qpe;j;
kd;dh] jdJ kidtpia uhk;g{hpy; j|]f tplhkYk;/ uhk;g{hpd; u$pay; y hQ% md; Q % TWifapy; “ ,J jpUf; F h] M dpd;
vy;iyf;F mg]ghy; j|]f itj;Jk; te;jhd;. bkhHpg]bgah]gg
] [ kl]Lk; my;y/ ,Jjhd; jpUf;Fh]Md;” vd;fpwhh].
xUehs; jpObud;W fhd;g{h] #QPj; fd;Z; gs;spthry; ehk; xU khjphpf;fhf/ jpUf;Fh]Md; trdkhd Nuh 93/
Maj; 7 y y; my;yhQ;/ egpfs; ehafk; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp \H;fpapUg]gjhff; fz:lhd;/ mjdhyna mtdplj]jpw;nf
t!y; y ik ghh] j ; J f; TWtjhf tUk; thf; f paj; i j brd; w ila[ k ; tHpiaf; bfhLj; j hd; ”
bkhHpg]bgah]gg ] py; kw;wth]fs; bra;j tpjj;ija[k/; Myh Q$;uj; - irajP Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd; bkhHpg]bgah]gi ] ga[k;
xg]gpl]L ghh]gn
] ghk;. cykhf; f spd; bjspt[ i u
uNYy; y hQ; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y k;
1) “kw;Wk; eP|]fs; tHp jtwpath]fshf fz:lhd; kw;Wk; ,iwtdJ md;gpdpy; vg]bghGJnk \H;fpapUg]gjhy;/ yh
mtd; c|]fSf;F tHpfhl]odhd;” ,yhQh ,y; y y; yh Q% vd; w Vfj; J tj; j py; xd; w hfp/
Mrhj;
- mg[y;fyhk; Mrhj ë mtdplj;jpw;nf brd;wila[k; tHpiaf; bfhLj;jhd;.
2) “kw;Wk; eP|]fs; ,Ul]oy; ,Ug]gjhf fz:lhd; m j d h y ; khjphp 22:

mtd; c|]fSf;F ghijiaf; fhl]odhd;” Nuh @gj; Maj; 1y; tUk; trdj;jpw;F bkhHpahf;fk; :
- KQk;kj; myp yhThp fhjph
fhjphp
1. ckJ ght|;fspy; Ke;jpatw;iwa[k/; gpe;jpatw;iwa[k;
3) “kw;Wk; eP|]fs; ,!;yhkpar; rl]lk; bjhpahjth]fshf kd;dpg]gjw;fhf ,e;j btw;wpiaf; bfhLj;njhk;.
mtd; fz:lhd;/ mjdhy; c|]fSf;F ,!;yhkpar; - m#;ug] myp jhdtp/
rl]lk; brhy;ypf;bfhLj;J tHp fhz:gpj;jhd;” - nf. V. ep$hKj;jPd; kd;gaP
- m#;ug] myp jhdtp - Mh].nf. mg]Jy; fhjph] ghftp
- mg]Jy; tQhg] M.A.
4) “tHp jtwpath]fshf fhztpy;iy kw;Wk; tHp
elj;jpdhd;” - Mh]bgh]hp
2. ckJ Kd; n dhh] f s; kw; W k; gpd; n dhh] f spd;
5) “kw;Wk; eP|]fs; mwpahjth]fshf ,Ug]gij mtd; (ck;kj;Jfspd;) ght|;fis kd;dpg]gjw;fhf ,e;j
ghh]j;jhd;/ mjdhy; c|]fSf;F neuhd ghijiaf; btw; w pia bfhLj; n jhk; .
fhz;gpj;jhd;” gj;Qh KQk;kj; $ye;jhhp
-gj; - irajP Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp
‘ 6) “kw;Wk; mtd;/ c|]fis jphpe;J miye;J cykhf; f spd; bjspt[ i uu:

bfhz:oUg]gjhf fz:lhd; kw;Wk; mtd; c|]fSf;F tHp uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;yk;
fhl]odhd;” - a{Rg] myp ght|;fis tpl]L J}a;ikahdth]/ mth] ghtk; bra;jth] vd;W
Twpdhy; ekJ <khd; gwpngha; t pLk; . epr] r akhf
Nuh 93/ Maj; 7 y; tUk; Maj;jpw;F Myh Q$;uj; Kd; n dhh] f spd; ght|; f isa[ k ; gpd; d hy; tuf; T oa
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd; xg]gw;w/ <L ,izaw;w ck; k j; J fspd; ght|; f isa[ k ; kd; d pf; F k; bghUl] L k; /
mw;gj
[ khd bkhHpahf;f
; j;ij ,g]nghJ ghh]gn
] ghk;/ ,!;yhj;ij ghpg{uzk; bra;tjw;Fk; ,e;j btw;wpia my;yhQ;
mspj;jhd;. ( KGikahf ,!;yhj;ij Vw;Wf; bfhz:lth]fs;-
“ kw; W k; mtd; c|] f is mtdJ md; g pdpy; ght|;fis tpl]L J}a;ikg g ] Lj;jg]gLfpwhh]fs;.)
khjphp 3 : jd; D ila mjpfg] g oahd neuj; i j rl] l k; rk; g e; j khd

Nuh @ghj; j pQh Maj; 5y; tUk; trdj; j pw; F g[ j ; j f|] f is vGJtjpYk; / gj; t h tH|] F tjpYk;
bkhHpahf; f k; : brytHpj;jhh]. mjdhy; KGj; jpUf;Fh]Mdpw;Fk; tpsf;ft[iu
vGj neukpy;yhky; nghdJ. ,Ug]gpDk; rpy ed;F fy;tpf; fw;w
1. v|;fSf;F neuhd ghijia fhl]Lthahf! nkijfspd; fUj;jhtJ/ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp
- m#;ug] myp jhdtp kw;Wk; xl]L bkhj;j tQhgpfs; miyQp mth] f spd; midj; J g[ j ; j f|] f isa[ k ; xd; W
jpul]odhy; KGj; jpUf;Fh]Mdpd; tpsf;ft[iu fpilf;f mjpf
2. v|; f is neuhd ghijapy; elj; J thahf ! tha]gg ] f
[ s; ,Ug]gjhff; TWfpd;wdh].
irajP Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp
-irajP
“gp!; k py] y hQph] u Q; k hdph] u QPk;” vd; g jw; F Myh
cykhf; f spd; bjspt[ i u : Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp mth] f spd; ePz: l
neuhd ghijia fhl] L thahf! vdpy; / eh|; f s; brhw;bghHpt[ g[j;jf totpy; cs;sJ. vspa eilapy; cs;s
,Jtiu rj; j pakhd ghijia fz: l jpy; i y mjdhy; ,e;j E}y; “my; kPyhJd; egptpa;ah” vd;w jiyg]gpy; ; cs;sJ.
,iwth! v|; f Sf; F fhl] L thahf! eh|; f s; ghh] j ; J f;
bfhs;fpnwhk;. rj;jpag]ghijapy; elg]gjw;F kdkpy;iy vd;Wk; xU Kiw/ Q$;uj; kt;yhdh #h mg]Jy; fhjph] rhQpg]
Twyhk;. u$pay; y hQ%jMyh md; Q Ptpd; re; j df; F l (c+!; )
itgtj;jpy; Myh Q$;uj; uQkJy;yhQp miyQp Nuh
khwhf/ neuhd ghijapy; elj;Jthahf! vd;gjw;F tj;JQh gw;wp fhiy 9 kzpapypUe;J gpw;gfy; 3 kzp tiu
uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;yk;/ my;yhQ;tpd; bjhlh]eJ
; 6 kzp neuk; Nuh tj;JQhit kl]Lk; tpsf;fpdhh].
gphpakhd egpahf te;jjd; bghUl]Lk;/ eh|;fs; mth] kPJ jd;Dila tpsf;ft[iuia Koj;Jf;bfhz:L brhd;dhh;fs;
itj;j KG ek;gpf;ifahy; (<khdhy;) eh|;fs; neh]tHpahd “ ehd; 80% tpsf; f t[ i uiajhd; ,e; j Nuhtpw; F
rj; j paj; i j (cz: i kia) fz: L f; b fhz: n lhk; . Mdhy; / vGjpa[ s ; n sd; ” vd; w hh] . mg] g oahdhy; KGj;
,iwth! (my;yhQ;) eh|;fs; elg]gjw;F rf;jpaw;wth]fshf jpUf;Fh]Mdpw;Fk; tpsf;ft[iu vGJtjw;F neuk; vg]go
,Uf; f pnwhk; . mjdhy; eP v|; f is rj; j pag] g hijapy; fpilf;Fk;> vd;W ehk; nahrpj;Jg] ghh]ff; ntz:Lk;.
elj;Jthahf! vd;W TWfpnwhk;.
ftpij Zhdk
Zhdk;
ghU|]fs;! Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
mth] f spd; xg] g w; w / <L ,izaw; w cz: i kahd ,khk; mQkj; u$h(z) fhd; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q%
bkhHpg]bgah]g]g[! nkYk; g[dpj egp !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp mth;fs; jk;Kila mjpfg]goahd neuj;ij ftpij ,aw;Wtjpy;
t!y; y kpd; khpahijf; F Fiwt[ Vw; g lhkYk; / brytHpg] g hh] f s; . ,tUila ftpijfs; midj; J k; g[ d pj
fz: z paj; J lDk; / kpff; ftdKld; mHfhd brhw; f is egpfshh] !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;yk; mth]fisg] gw;wpa
gad;gLj;JtJ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp g[fH; ghkhiyfshFk;. Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
mth]fspd; jdpr;rpwg]ghFk;. mth]fspd; ftpijfspypUe;J mtUila Md;kh kw;Wk; beZ;rk;
egpfs; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;yk; mth]fspd; fhjy;
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs;/ flypy; \H;fpapUg]gij fz:Lf; bfhs;syhk;.
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd; ftpij ,aw; W tjpy; rpwe; J tps|] f pa $dhg] jhf;
ftpijfs; #hpmj; rl]l tuk;gpw;Fs; ,Uf;Fk;. xt;bthU bjQ;ytpaplk; bfhLj;jDg]gp jpUj;jk; VjhtJ ,Ue;jhy; rhpr;
ftpij thpfSk; “,y; Q hk; ” vd; w Kj; J f; f shy; bra; a brhd; d hh] f s; . ,ijf; nfl] l jhf; bjQ; y tp
my|] f hpf; f g] g l] o Uf; F k; . “,y; Q hk; ” vd; g J mt; y pah te;jth]fis nehf;fp “eP|]fs; bfhz:L te;jpUg]gJ Myh
‘ Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd; Myh (cah]ej ; )
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Xh] cd; d jkhd czh] t [ MFk; . ,J mk; g pah ftpij. ,jpy; jpUj;jk; vdr; brhy;tjw;Fk;/ ,Ug]gjw;Fk;
miyQp!yhk;fSf;F fpilf;fg]bgw;w tQPiag] nghd;W/ tha;gg
] py;iy. Mdhy; ,e;jf; ftpijj; bjhlh] Kw;Wg]bgwhky;
mt[ypahf;fs; “,y;Qhk;” fpilf;fg] bgWthh]fs;. cs; s J. ,jpy; ehd; / filrp moia vd; D ila
gf;fj;jpypUe;J vGj Mirg]gLfpnwd;. jat[r; bra;J Myh
ftpij vd;gJ bgUk;ghYk; fw;gidahfnt mika[k.; Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fsplk; ntz:of;
Mdhy; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd; bfhs;S|]fs;/ ,ij khw;wk; bra;a ntz:lhbkd;W” vdf; Twp
xt;bthU ftpij thpfSk; jpUf;Fh]Md; kw;Wk; QjP!;fspd; filrp thpia ,t;thW vGjpdhh]fs;.
tpsf; f t[ i uia gpujpgypg] g jhf ,Uf; F k; . Myh Q$; u j;
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp jd;Dila ftpijfis mugp/ Ky;nf Rfd; fp #hQp Jk; F u$h(
“Ky; u$h(z) K!y;yk;
cUJ/ ghurPf bkhHpfspy; ,aw;wpdhh]fs;. ,J vy;yhk; xd;whf $p!; !pk;j; Mfna nQh/ rpf;nf gpl]lh jpna iQ
iQ”
bjhFf;fg]gl]L “Qjhapnf gf;#p#;” (ght|]fs; kd;dpf;fg]gLk;
g{|]fhtdk;) vd;w g[jj; f totpy; cs[s
; J. cyf mstpy; cs;s (mstpy;yh bgU epk;kjpia mspf;Fk; ikahdJ
kf; f s; uNy; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y k; (ngdh ik) c|] f Silanj u$h. ey; t hH; j ; J f; f s;
mth] f Sila fhjiy bjhptpg] g jw; F Myh Q$; u j; c|] f Sf; F / eP|] f s; jpUk; g pa jpirbay; y hk; uNy;
uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQptpd; ftpijfisna beZ; r k; !y;yy;yhQP miyQp t!y;ykth]fSila epidit/
cUf/ fz:fspy; Mde;jf; fz:zPh] bgUf/ ey;y uhf|]fnshL Kj;jpiu gjpj;J tpl;Oh]fs;.)
gof; f pd; w dh] . Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp
mth]fspd; ftpijfspy; xd;whd/ Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp/ jhd;
g[fHg]gLtij tpUk;ghj nghjpYk; jhf; bjQ;ytpapd; ntz:L
cd; fp kQf; nd jpy; fp Fd;r;nr fpyh jpah iQ.
“cd; nfhSf;fpz|;f mij khw;wk; bra;ahky; tpl]Ltpl]lhh]fs;.
$p!; uhQ; ry; jpna iQ Tr;nr g!h jpah iQ.iQ.” Mdhy; fy;tp mwpt[ ,y;yhj ngijfs; kw;Wk; tQhgpfs; gyh]
jk;ik jhnk g[fH;e;Jf; bfhs;syhnkh> vd;W cz:ikr]
(uNy; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y Kila eWkzk; rk; g tk; bjhpahky; csWfpd; w dh] . “my; y hQ; vy; y hk;
kdjpDila \iy KLf;bfy;yhk; gutpaJ. ve;j gf;fk; mwpe;jtdhf ,Uf;fpd;whd;.”
brd;whh]fnsh/ me;j \iyfbsy;yhk; mtUila trk;
Mapd.)
igmj; kw; W k; fpyh@gj; bgWjy;
vd;w Kjy; moahf bjhl|]Fk; ftpijia Myh
Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs;/ mf;fhyj;jpy; Qp$;hp 1294 y; jd;Dila 19 tajpy; ra;ajpdh Myh
Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs;/ ,khKy; m!;gpah
ira;ajpdh #h Mny uNy; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q% Q$;uj; mg[y; Q%ird; E}hp gufhjp u$pay;yhQ%jMyh
mth] f splk; igmj; vDk; Zhdj; j Pl] i r bgw; W mthpd; md;Q%/ ira;ajpdh #h Mny uNy; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh
rPluhdhh]. igmj; bgw;w me;j Md;kPf epfH;rr
; pia tptukhff; md;Q%it ghh]j;J nfl]fyhdhh]fs;/ “Q%$%h] (jiytnu)/
fhz:nghk;. ,e; e hs; t iu kQ; u uh #hP@g] g pd; tHf; f khdJ ahuhtJ
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Md; k Pfj; j Pl] i r bgwte; j hy; / mtiu Khpjhf; F nthk; /
xUKiw Q$;uj; kt;yhdh mg]Jy; fhjph] gjha[dp mthplk; fpyh@gj; bgw kdjpy; vz:zk; ,Ue;jhy;/ ehk;
u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q% gnuy;tp #hP@g]gpw;F tUifg] mtiu ,iwtHpapy; e@g]!pw;F vjpuhf nghuhl brhy;nthk;.
g[hpe;J Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fSf;F nkYk; mtuJ gapw; r pf; f hf fha; e ; J nghd
kQ;uuh #hP@g]gpw;F tUkhW miHg]g[ tpLj;jhh]. Myh Q$;uj; buhl]oj;Jz:Lfisa[k; rhg]gplf; bfhLg]nghk;. ,jw;Fg] gpwF/
uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp mth] f Sk; miHg] g pid me;j egh] rhpahf ,Uf;fpwhh] vdj; bjhpe;j gpwnf xd;W my;yJ
Vw;Wf;bfhz:L kQ;uuh #hP@g]gpw;F ,UtUkhf nrh]e;Jr; ,uz:L rpy;rpyhf;fspd; fpyh@gj;ija[k;/ ,$h!j;ija[k;
brd;wdh]. (mDkjp) bfhLg] n ghk; . Mdhy; ,d; W ,e; j thypgiu
midj;J rpy;rpyhf;fspd; fpyh@gj;ija[k;/ ,$h!j;ija[k
kQ; u uh #hP@g] g pd; ,uapy; epiyaj; j pw; F (; mDkjp) bfhLj;J Mrph]tjpj;jPh]fs; nkYk; eP|]fs; vGjpa
te;jile;jt[ld; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp; miyQp g[jj; f|]fis fhl]o/ mijbay;yhk; rhp ghh]ff ; t[k; TwpdPh]fs;.
“ ehd; vd;Dila Kh]#jpd; (Md;kPff; FUtpd;) thridia Vd; ,bjy;yhk;>>>” vd;W Mr;rhpaj;Jld; tpdtpdhh;fs;.
Efh] f pd; n wd; ” vd; W Twyhdhh] f s; . ,UtUkhf nrh] e ; J
mikjpahf nfl]Lf;bfhz:oUe;j ira;ajpdh #h
fhd;fhna gufhjpapy; EiHe;jJk;/ ira;ajpdh #h Mny
Mny uNy; u$pay; y hQ%jMyh md; Q % “ X! kf; f ns!
uNy; u$pay; y hQ%jMyh md; Q % - Myh Q$; u j;
c|;fSf;F mQkj; u$h gw;wp bjhpahJ. ,|]F tuf;Toa
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fisf; fz:lJk;
kw;wth]fs; fpyh@gj;Jk;/ ,$h!j;J[k; bgWtjw;F Kd;
“thU|]fs;/ c|]fspd; tUiff;fhf ehd; ePz:l fhykhf
j|;fis mth]fs; gf;Ftg]gLj;jpf; bfhs;s ntz:Lk;. Mdhy;
fhj;jpUf;fpd;nwd;” vd;whh]fs;.
mQkj; u$h fhd; / vy; y hk; ty; y my; y hQ; t hy;
jahh]gLj;jg]gl]nl ,|]F te;jhh]fs;. ,g]bghGJ mtUf;F
ira;ajpdh #h Mny uNy; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh njitahdJ vy; y hk; vd; D ila bjhlh] g [ kl] L k; j hd;
md; Q % cldoahf Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp mjdhy;jhd; mQkj; u$h fhid vd;Dila KhPjhf;fpndd;
mth]fSf;F igmj; bfhLj;J/ midj;J N@gp rpy;rpyhf;fspd; ( rPluhf;fpndd;)” vd;whh]. nkYk; “vd; kdk; vg;bghGJk;
fpyh@gj; i ja[ k ; / ,$h!j; i ja[ k ; (mDkjp) bfhLj; J my;yhQ;tpDila gaj;jpdhy; mGJ bfhz:oUe;jJ vy;yhk;
Mrph] t jpj; j hh] f s; . mr; r kak; Q$; u j; ira; a jpdh mg[ y ; fpahkj; ehspy; mtd; nfl]Fk; tpdhthd/ cyfj;jpypUe;J
Q%ird; E}hp gufhjp u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q% (Q$;uj; vdf;fhf vd;d bfhz:L te;jpUf;fpwha;> vd;gjw;F ,Jtiu
kt; y hdh K!; j gh u$h fhd; u$pay; y hQ%md; Q %tpd; vdf;F tpil bjhpahky; ,Ue;jJ. Mdhy;/ ,d;W me;jf;
FUththh] ) me; j Md; k Pfj; j Pl] i r ghpkhWk; neuj; j py; ftiy jPh]ej ; J.
cldpUe;jhh]. ,th] kpfr; rpwe;j mt;ypah my;yhQ; Mthh].
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd; rpwg]ig fpahkj; ehsd;W my;yhQ; vd;dplk;/ X! Mny uNy;!
czh]ej ; tUk; Mthh]. vdf;fhf vd;d bfhz:L te;jpUf;fpwha;> vdf; nfl]ghd; vdpy;/
cldoahf vd;Dila ug]gpw;F(,iwtDf;F) ,khk; mQkj; Kjy; g[ d pj Q$; gazk

gazk;
u$h fhd; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q%it ghprhf mspg]ngd;”
vd;whh]. uNy; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;yKila ut;yh
(k$hh]) #hP@g]ig fhqtjw;F mth]fspd; nerh]fs; Jog]gij
,e;j nkd;ikkpf;f rk;gtk; irajP Myh Q$;uj;/ ahuhYk; vGjt[ k ; / brhy; y t[ k ; KoahJ. M#pnf uNy;
m$PKy; guf;fj;/ gh$pny gnuy;tp/ ,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd; (uNYy; y htpd; fhjyd; ) ,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd;
u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q%tpd; cah]e;j juj;ij Rl]of; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q%tpd; fz:fs; kjPdh ja;apghtpd;
fhl]Ltjw;F rpwe;j rhd;whFk;. jh]ghiu fhqk; ghf;fpak; mthpd; Kjy; Q$;$py; #t;thy;
26/ Qp$;hp 1295 (1876) y; jd;Dila 20 tJ tajpy; fpilj;jJ.
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp jd;Dila
FUtpd; kPJk; mtuJ FLk; g j; j pd; kPJk; msg] g wpa fl]lhakhd Q$; flikfis Koj;jthW/ xU ehs;
khpahijiaa[k;/ md;iga[k; itj;jpUe;jhh]fs;. jd;Dila kf;(@)hpg] bjhGifia kfhnk-,g]uhQPk; miyQp!yhk;
FUtpd; (Kh]#jpd;) bjhlh]g[ itj;jpUg]gth]fisa[k; kpf;f ,lj;jpy; bjhGJ bfhz:oUe;jhh]fs;. bjhGJ Koj;jt[ld;
khpahijia Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mspj;J mtiu nehf;fp/ kf;fj;J Kfuk;khit rhh]ej ; #h@gp kj;Qgpd;
te;jhh]fs;. kQ;uuh #hP@g]gpw;F brd;W Kh]#jpd; Mrpfis Q$;uj; my;yhkh Q%ird; gpd; rhypQh u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%
bgwr; bry; Y k; nghJ/ jd; D ila fhyzpfis ,uapy;
beU|]fpdhh]fs;. Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
epiyaj;jpnyna itj;Jtpl]L btWk; fhy;fSld; ele;J
mth]fspd; fuj;ij gw;wpathW jd;Dila tPlo ; w;F miHj;Jr;
brd; W jd; D ila FUtpw; F (Kh] # jpw; F ) khpahijia
brd;whh]. me;j khbghpa ,khk; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp
brYj;Jthh]fs;. ahuhtJ jd;Dila FUtplkpUe;J VjhtJ
miyQp mth] f spd; bew; w papy; ifia itj; j thW
jfty;fisnah/ my;yJ ghh]ry;fisnah bfhz:L te;jhy;
Twpdhh] f s; “epr; r akhf/ c|] f Sila bew; w papy;
mth]fisa[k; kpf;f khpahija[lDk;/ fz:zpaj;JlDk;
elj; J thh] f s; . te; j th] f is rhg] g plhky; bry; y mDkjp my;yhQ;tpDila E}h] ,Ug]gij ghh]f;fpd;nwd;” vd;whh].
mspf;fkhl]lhh]fs;/ jhnd tPlo ] w;Fs; brd;W te;jth]fSf;fhd nkYk; rpwpJk; jaf;fkpy;yhky; MW QjP!f ; is bjhFj;jth]
czitj; jk; jiyapy; itj; J f; bfhz: L te; J kpf; f vd rhd; w pjy; tH|] f p Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp
khpahija[ld; cgrhpg]ghh]fs;. te;jth]fis kpf fz:zpakhd mth]fSf;F “$paht[jj ; Pd; (jPdpd; gpufhrkhd xspna!)” vd;W
brhw;fshy; kl]Lnk ngRthh]fs;. gl]lKk; bfhLj;jhh]fs;.
ira;ajpdh Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp kjPdj;J cykhf;fshd/ Qdgp kj;Qig rhh]ej
; Kg]jp
mth] f s; bgw; w fpyh@gj; kw; W k; ,$h!j; j pdhy; ira;ajpdh my;yhkh mg]Jh] uQ;khd; rpuh$; kw;Wk; Kg]jp
yl]rf;fzf;fhndhh]fs; Q$;uj; mth]fspd; Khpjhdhh]fs;. i#f; iraj; mQkj; jQyhd; #hgp u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%kh
,d; w st[ k ; nfhof; f zf; f hdth] f is Myh Q$; u j; mth] f shYk; MW QjP!; f spd; bjhFg] g hsh] vd
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp tHp elj;Jfpwhh]fs;. Myh Q$;uj; rpwg]gpf;fg]gl]lhh]fs;.
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp mth]fs; ,e;njh-ghf; Jizf;fz:lj;jpy; 30
fyp@ghf; f isa[ k ; / cyfpd; kw; w gFjpfspy; ; 35 tuyhw; W rpwg] g [ k pf; f ,e; j g[ d pj Q$; gazj; j py;
fyp@ghf; f isa[ k ; (gpujpepjpfs; ) nrh] j ; J bkhj; j k; 65 ira;ajpdh Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs;
fyp@ghf;fis cUthf;fpdhh]fs;. kf;fh-kjPdh ja;apghitr; rhh]e;j cykh bgUkf;fsplk;
jg]yPf; $khj;ij rhh]e;j njt;ge;j; cykhf;fspd; jtwhd ,uz:lhk; @gj;th ( khh]f;fj; jPh]g]g[ )
bfhs;iffs;/ ek;gpf;iffis gw;wp Fw;wk; rhl]odhh]. mjw;F
Mjhukhf jd;Dila g[j;jf|]fshd “ my;$hK Rd;dh yp “X! gog]gth]fns! my; KjhkJy; K!;jdhj; vd;Dk;
mQyp gpj;dh kw;Wk; my; KjhkJy; K!;jdhj;” vd;gjpy; g[jj
; fk; c|]fs; iffspy; ,Ug]gJ mtrpak; vd epidf;fpnwd;.
mth] f s; brhy; y paij/ vGjpaij gl] o aypl; L mjw; F ,e; j g] g[ j ; j fk; c|] f Sf; F kpfr; rpwe; j Mjhuk; MFk; .
tpiliaa[k; Twp rkh]gg] pj;jhh]fs;. ,ijf; ftdkhf fz:qw;w mjpYk; Fwpg]ghf tQhgprf; bfhs;iffSf;F ,J Xh] rpwe;j
kf; f h Kfuk; k h kw; W k; kjPdh Kdt; t uhit rhh] e ; j kWg]ghFk;. tQhgpfs; ahh] vd;why;> egpj;Jtj;ij chpik
cykhf; f s; / xU Kf; f pakhd gpugykhd g[ j ; j fkhd bfhz; l hoa “Fyhk; mQkj; fhjpahdp” kw; W k;
“Qp!;!hKy; Quikd;” vd;gjpy; gj;thf;fis vGjpdhh]fs;. khh] f j; j pypUe; J btspnawp tpl] L / g[ d pj egpfspd;
mjpy; my; y hQ; kw; W k; uNy; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp fz:zpaj;ija[k;/ khpahijiaa[k; nftyg]gLj;Jk; “fhrpk;
t!y; y k; mth] f is juf; F iwthft[ k ; / nfypahft[ k ; ehndhj; t p/ u#Pj; mQkj; f|; n fhQp/ fyPy; mQkj;
ngrpath]fs;/ vGjpath]fis fLikahf fz;oj;jhh]fs;. mk; n gl] t p/ m#; u g] myp jhdtp kw; W k; ,th] f is
mjd; tptukhdJ/ gpd; g w; W gth] f s; . epr; r akhf ,th] f s; g{kpapy; FHg] g k;
tpistpg]gth]fs;/ ,th]fspd; ghija[k; mt;thwhdnj MFk;.”
Kjy; @gj;th ( khh]f;fj; jPh]g]g[ )
“,th]fs; (tQhgpfs;) v|;nf muh$fk; bra;fpwhh]fs;
“my; KjhkJy; K!;jdhj;” g[j;jfj;jpy; ,lk; bgw;w vd; W vLj; J f; f hl] o a ,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd;
jtwhd bfhs;iffspd; jtwhd jiyth;fs;/ kpff; bfl]l u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q% mth]fSf;F my;yhQ; Rgr;bra;jp
rhj;jhd;fis fhl]oYk; kpf nkhrkhdth]fs;. ,th]fSila tH|]fl]Lk;. my;yhQ;tpd; fUiza[k;/ fpUiga[k; Myh
bfl; l r] bray; f shy; juk; bfl] l nkhrkhd ek; g pf; i f Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs; kPJk;/ mtuJ
Jnuhfpfshf khwpa[ss ; dh].” FLk;gj;jhh] kPJk;/ FHe;ijfs; kPJk; bghHpe;J fpahkj; ehs;
tiu cz:ik ngRgth]fshfnt ,Uf;fl]Lk;.” MkPd;.
“fath]fis cyfpw;F btspf;fhl]oa ,khk; mQkj; gj;th tH|]fpath] – KQk;kj; gpd; mg]J!;!yhk;
u$h fhd; u$pay; y hQ%jMyh md; Q % mth] f Sf; F jhfp!;jhdp u$pay;yhQ%jMyhmd;Q%/
my;yhQ;tpd; btFkjpfs; fpl]ll]Lk;/ my;yhQ; ,th]fspd; K@g]jp – kjPdj;Jy; Kdt;tuh
mhpa ntiyfis bghUe;jp bfhs;sl]Lk; nkYk; kf;fspd;
kdjpy; Xh] cah]ej
; ,lj;ij bfhLf;fl]Lk;.” \d;whk; @gj;th ( khh]f;fj; jPh]g]g[ )
“mstw; w mUshsd; / ,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd;
“Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd; u$pay; y hQ%jMyh md; Q % mth] f is vg] b ghGJk;
eht[k; mtuJ vGj;Jf;fSk; fl]lisfis bfhLf;fpd;wd. kfpH; r ; r pahft[ k ; / ghJfhg] g hft[ k ; itf; f l] L k; .
Vbddpy; ,iwtd; tpUk; g [ f pwtw; i w KGtJkhf khh]ff
; j;jpypUe;J tpyf;fg]gl]l rhj;jhd;fshd kph]rh Fyhk;
bgwf;Toatuhf ,Uf;Fk; ek;gpf;ifahsuhf jpfH;fpwhh]fs;.:” mQkj; fhjpahdp/ u#Pj; mQkj; f|]nfhQp/ fyPy; mk;ngl]tp
gj;th tH|]fpath] – KQk;kj; raPj; gpd; ghg]!Py; kw;Wk; m#;ug] myp jhdtp Mfpnahh] g[dpj egpfshh] uNy;
u$pay;yhQ%jMyhmd;Q%/ !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y ik juf; F iwthft[ k ; /
#hgp kj;Qgpd; K@g]jp – kf;fh gHpj;Jk;/ ngrpa[k/; vGjpa[k; tUfpd;wdh]. ,th]fs; fh@gph]fs;
vdf; TWtjpy; ve; j tpj re; n jfKk; ,y; i y. ,e; j r; fy; t p Zhdj; j py; rpwe; J tps|] f pa kf; f h efuj; J
rhj;jhd;fis fh@gph]fs; vdf; TWtjpypUe;J jLf;Fk; cykh bgUkf;fs;/ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
mjpfhuKilath] f Sk; fh@gph] f ns!, ,th] f Sf; F mth] f spd; bjspthd gjpy; f isa[ k ; / rhpahd neuj; j py;
kuzj;jz:lid bfhLf;fg]gl ntz:Lk;.” brhy;ypathW bra;jija[k; ghh]jJ ; Mr;rhpaj;Jld; tpspe;J
gj;th tH|]fpath] – my;yhQ;tpd; moik KQk;kj; epd;whh]fs;. gpd;dhspy; xUth] fz:Lg]gpoj;jhh]/ Myh Q$;uj;
gpd; Qk;jhd; kQrhp u$pay;yhQ%jMyhmd;Q%/ uQkJy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd; g[jj ; fkhd “my; jt;yJy;
k!;$pnj egtpa;apd; CHpad; kf; f pa; a h gpy; khjj; j py; ifgpa; a h” y; cs; s bkhj; j
jiyg]gf [ spy; cs;s vGj;Jf;fspd; Tl]Lj;bjhifahdJ 1323
,uz: l hk; g[ d pj Q$; gazk; MFk;. ,J Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp mth]fs; jkJ
,uz:lhtJ g[dpj Q$; bra;j mnj Qp$;hp 1323tJ Mz:il
,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q% Fwpg]gJ Mr]rhpak; MFk;!
jk;Kila ,uz:lhtJ g[dpj Q$; gazj;ij Qp$;hp 1323
(1905)y; jd; D ila 49tJ tajpy; epiwntw; w pdhh] f s; . g[ d pj egpfshh] uNYy; y hQ; !y; y y; y hQ%
Jy;Qh$; 25 k; ehs; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp miyQp t!y; y k; mth] f spd; Kd; d piyapy;
kPz:Lk; xU Kiw kf;fj;J bghpa cykhf;fshd i#f;
rhypQh fkhy; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q%/ my;yhkh iraj; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp jk;Kila
,!;khapy; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q% kw;Wk; gy N@gp ,uz: l htJ g[ d pj Q$; gazj; j py; uNy; !y; y y; y hQ%
cykhf;fis re;jpf;Fk; tha;g]ig bgw;whh]fs;. mth]fs;
miyQp t!y;yk; mth]fisf; fhz ntz:Lk; vd;w Mty;
midtUk; Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQpapd; kPJ
kpFe;J vGe;jjd; fhuzkhf bjhlh]rr ; pahf j+nj #hP@g]ig
khpahijiaa[k/; md;iga[k; bghHpe;jhh]fs;.
mHfhft[ k ; / jhH; i ka[ l Dk; jpUegpfshh] !y; y y; y hQ%
mr; r kaj; j py; my; y hkh i#f; rhypQh fkhy; miyQp t!y; y k; k$(r)hh] #hP@g] Kd; Xjpf;
u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q%/ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp bfhz:oUe;jhh]fs;. uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp
miyQp mth]fsplk; kf;fj;J tQhgp Mypk;fs; nfl]Fk; t!y;yikf; fhqnthk; vd;w ek;gpf;if Myh Q$;uj;
kiwthd Zhd|]fis (,y;nk ifg]) gw;wpa 5 nfs;tpfis uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQptpd; kdJf;Fs; nt+d;wpaJ.
vLj;J itj;jhh]fs;. nkYk; 2 ehl]fspy; mf;nfs;tpfSf;F
gjpy; mspf;FkhW ntz:of;bfhz:lhh]fs;. me;j ,ut[ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
mth] f s; / g[ d pj egpfshh] uNy; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs; t!y;yk; jpUr; rd;dpjhdj;jpd; Kd; j|;fpapUe;j ,uz:lhtJ
mjw;fLj;j ehs; fLk; fha;rr ] yhy; mtjpg]gl]lhh]fs;. ,Ue;j ,uthFk;. me;j ,unt uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp
nghjpYk; kiwthd Zhd|]fisg] gw;wpa nfs;tpfSf;F t!y;yik fhqk; bghd;dhd tha;gi ] gg] bgw;whh]fs;. me;j
gjpiy mspf;Fk; bghWg]ig czh]ej ; th]fsha;/ jd;Dila ,dpa jUzj;jpy; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp/
ngdhtpid vLj;J mugp bkhHpapy; 400 gf;f|]fis 8 kzp
uNYy; y hQ; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y kpd; KG
neuj;jpy; vGjp Koj;jhh]fs;. jd;Dila g[jj ; fj;jpw;F “my;
moikahdhh]fs;. gpwF jd; ngdhit vLj;J egpfshhpd;
jt; y Jy; kf; f pa; a h gpy; khjj; j py; ifgpa; a h” vdg]
bgahpl]lhh]fs;. g[fH;khiyia (ehj; #hP@g]) vGjpdhh]fs;.
nth N v yh yh $hh] gph]nj iQd;……”

“nth g[fH;e;Jf; bfhz:oUe;jhh]fs;. vijr; bra;jhYk; my;yhQ;
(c|]fis Rw;wp Mapuk; Mapuk; thdth]fs; jphpfpwhh]fs;…) kw;Wk; mtDila uNy; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;ykpd;
vd;w Kjy;thpiaf; bfhz:L Muk;gpf;Fk; Myh Q$;uj; jpUg]bghUj;jj]jpw;fhfnt bra;jhh]fs;.
uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp filrp thpia ,g] g o
vGJfpwhh]fs; xUKiw Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
mth]fs; gnuy;tpapy; cs;s u$h k!;$pjpy; ,Ue;jhh]fs;.
nfhap fpa[ d ; g{r; n r njhp ghj; u$h/
“nfhap mg] b ghGJ xU k$; N g] i g (my; y hQ; t pd; typ) re; j pf; f
J$;nr Fj;nj Q$hh] gph]nj iQd; ” neh] e ; j hh] f s; . k$; N g] g hd Q$; u j; njhfh #h
u$pay;yhQ%jMyhmd;Q%/ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp
(cd;idg] gw;wp ahuhtJ nfl]lhy; u$h/ c|]fspd; mth]fisg] ghh]jJ ; “ X! mQkj; u$h! ehd; uNy; !y;yy;yhQ%
eha;fs; Mapuk; jphpe;J bfhz:oUf;fpwJ mJg]nghy;……) miyQp t!y; y kpd; Mw; w iy g{kpapy; kl] L k; jhd;
ghh]ff
; pd;nwd;/ thdpy; ,y;iy” vd;whh].
kjpB ja;apghit tpl]L fpsk;gk [ ; neuj;jpy; kPz:Lk; xUKiw Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp mjw; F
uNYy; y hQ; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y ik fhz gjpyhf “uNy; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;ykpd; Mw;wy;
tpUk; g pdhh] f s; . Mdhy; Koatpy; i y/ mjdhy; fz: thdj;jpy; cs;sJ nghd;nw g{kpapYk; cs;sJ” vd;whh]fs;.
fy|;fpath]fshf jd;Dila ftpijapd; filrp thpfis k$;Ng] cldoahf “,y;iy/ ,y;iy vd;dhy; thdpy; mtuJ
“c|] f spd; eha; f s; Mapuk; jphpe; J bfhz: o Uf; f pwJ Mw;wiy ghh]ff ; Koatpy;iy” vd;whh]. kPzL
: k; Myh Q$;uj;
mJg]nghy;……” vd vGjpf;bfhz:oUf;Fk; nghJ g[dpj uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp “ eP|] f s; ghh] j ; j hYk; rhpna/
egpfshh] uNy; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;yk; k$h(z)h] ghh] f ; f htpl] l hYk; rhpna/ uNy; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp
#hP@g]gf [ F
; gpd; gf;fkhf epd;W bfhz:L fhl]rpaspj;jhh]fs;. t!y; y kpd; Mw; w y; thdj; j pYk; g{kpapYk; cs; s J.”
,jidf; fz:l Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp “ Va; vd;whh]fs;. clnd k$;Ng] Md;kPff; nfhgj;jpy; cah]e;j
u!h/ cd;Dila kdJ gw;wpa tpyhrk; g[dpj egpfshhpd; Fuypy; “ngh! mtid ehd; js;sp tpLfpnwd;” vd;whh]fs;.
jpUr;rd;dpjhdj;jpy; bjhpa te;jJ/ vg]go mile;jha; vd;W
kl] L k; nfl] f hnj/ vg] g o mij mile; j ha; vd; W kl] L k; mr;rkak; tPl]od; nky;Tiuapy; rpW FHe;ijahd
nfl]fhnj/ cdf;F my;yhQ; nghJkhdtdhf ,Uf;fpd;whd;. kt;yhdh K!;jgh u$h fhd; u$pay;yhQ%jMyhmd;Q%
cdf; F my; y hQ; nghJkhdtdhf ,Uf; f pd; w hd; . ” tpisahof;bfhz:oUe;J fPnH tpGe;J tpl]lhh]fs;. Myh
vd;fpwhh]fs;. Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp tPl;ow;Fs; EiHe;jJk;
mtuJ jhahh] brhd; d hh] f s; “ cdf; F bjhpa[ k y; y th>
g[dpj egpfshh] uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQ% k$;Ng]fsplk; tpthjk; bra;tijf; fhl;oYk; mikjpahf
miyQp t!y; y k; kPJ nerk; ,Ug]gJ ey;ybjd;W.”
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp jd;Dila
jd;Dila thH;ehspd; xt;bthU fzKk; g[dpj egpfshh] kfid miHj;J mog]gl]ljh> vdf; nfl]lhh]fs;. ,y;iy vd;W
KQk;kj; K!;jgh uNy; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;yik gjpy; te;jJk;/ “ ehd; Mapuk; K!;jgh u!hf;fis uNy;
!y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y kpd; re; n jh#j; j pw; f hf miyQp/ egpfs; ehafk; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;yk;
(u$ht[ff ; hf) jpahfk; bra;a jahuhf ,Uf;fpd;nwd;. Mdhy; kPJ fhl]oa md;g[k; khpahijiaa[k; ghh]f;Fk; nghJ/ me;j
xU nghJk; uNy; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y kpd; md; g [ ,y; y htpoy; ,!; y hk; vd; g J capuw; w cliyg]
fz:zpaj;ij Fiwf;Fk; xU brhy;iyahtJ brhy;tjw;F nghd; w jhFk; vdj; bjhpfpwJ. caph] vd; g nj uNy;
ehd; tp;l khl]nld;.” vd;whh]fs;. !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y k; kPJ fhl] L k; md; g [ k ;
khpahija[k; jhd; MFk;.” vd;fpwhh].
rpwpJ neuk; fHpj; J me; j k$; N g] / Myh Q$; u j;
uQkJy; y hQp miyQp mth] f splk; jpUk; g p te; J “X! ira; a Jkhh] f is nerpj; j y;
mQkj; u$h! eP|] f s; jhd; btw; w pahsh] f s; / ek; K ila
thjj;ij Ry;jhDy; Qpe;j; Q$;uj; fh$h fhPg] eth!; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs; g[dpj
u$pay;yhQ%jMyhmd;Q% mth]fsplk; bfhz:Lr;brd;nwd;. egpfshh] !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y k; mth] f spd;
mth] c|] f Sf; F rhjfkhf gjpyspj; j hh] f s; . tHpj;njhd;wy;fshd ira;aJkhh]fis vt;thW nerpj;J
my; Q k; J ypy; y hQ; ! c|] f spd; Mrph] t hjj; j hy; ehd; khpahij bra; a ntz: L k; vd cyf K!; y pk; f Sf; F
,g] b ghGJ “uNy; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y kpd; ,r;rk;gtk; \yk; TWfpwhh]fs;.
kfpikia thdj;jpYk; Tl ghh]ff ; pd;nwd;.” vd;whh]fs;.
xU ehs; ,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd; u$pay;yhQ% jMyh
Q$;uj; kt;yhdh eaPKj;jPd; Kuhjhghjp/ xUKiw md; Q % xUthpd; miHg] g pid Vw; W mthpd; tPl] o w; F
Myh Q$;uj; uQkJy;yhQp miyQp mth]fsplk; “ Vd; gy;yhf;fpy; brd;Wf; bfhz:oUe;jhh]fs;. jpObud;W ira;ajpdh
eP|]fs; ira;ajpdh uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQP miyQp Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp gy;yhf;if epWj;j
t!y;yk; mth]fspd; fz:zpaj;ij Fiwf;Fk; tifapy; brhd;dhh]fs; nkYk; gy;yhf;F J}f;Fgth]fis nehf;fp “ ehd;
ele; J f; bfhs; g th] f splk; / fLikahf ele; J f; c|] f spy; xUthplkpUe; J ira; a jpDila thridia
bfhs;fpwPh]fs;> ” vd;W tpdtpdhh]. mjw;F Myh Q$;uj; Efh] f pd; n wd; . ahh] c|] f spy; ira; a j; guk; g iuia
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp “ X! kt;yhdh! ehd; mth]fsplk; rhh]e;jth]fs;>” vd;W TwpathW gy;yhf;fpypUe;J btspna
fLikahf ele; J f; bfhs; f pnwd; / mth] f s; uNy; te;jhh]fs;.
!y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y k; mth] f spd;
fz: z paj; i ja[ k ; / khpahijiaa[ k ; bfLg] g jw; F gjpyhf me;j gy;yhf;F J}f;Fgth]fspy; xUth] jhd; ira;aj;
vd;id mth]fs; ,yf;fhf;fp bfhs;sl]Lk;. mijg]gw;wp ehd; vd; W ja|] f pathnw Twpdhh] . clndna vy; y h fy; t p
ftiyg] gl nghtjpy;iy. vd;id ntz:Lkhdhy; mth]fs; Zhd|;fspYk; nkd;ikahd Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp
J}w; w pf; b fhs; s l] L k; . Mdhy; vd; D ila md; g pw; F hpa miyQp ira;aJkhh]fspd; epiyikiaf; fz;L fz:fspy;
jiytuhd $dhng KQk; k j; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp fz:zPh] rpe;jpathW me;j ira;aJ eghpd; fhy;fisg] gw;wp;/
t!y;yk;/ tQhgpfs; brhy;Yk; midj;J ght|]fspypUe;Jk; jd;id kd;dpf;FkhW jhH;ika[ld; ntz:of;bfhz:lhh]fs;.
tpLgl]lth]fs; - J}a;ikahdth]fs;.” vd;whh]fs;. ehis fpahkj; ehspy; uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp
t!y;yk; vd;idg] ghh]j;J/ mth]fspd; g[dpj guk;giuia
Dr.fh] u h] Q%ird; / Jiznte; j h] - gYrp!; j hd; nftyg]gLj;jptpl]lha; vd Twpdhy; ehd; vd;d bra;ntd; vd;W
gy;fiyf;fHfk;. TWifapy; “Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp Joj;jhh]fs;.
ira;aJkhuhd me;j gy;yhf;F J}f;Fgth] Q$;uj; vdJ <Wfspy; xU tifahd khw;w|;fs; Vw;gl]L kpf;f typia
mth]fis kd;dpj;J tp;l]lhh]fs; ,Ue;jnghjpYk; M#pnf Vw;gLj;jpaJ/ kpf;f typapd; fhuzkhf vd;dhy; thiaj;
uNy; Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp/ me; j jpwf; f Tl Koatpy; i y/ mjDld; nrh] e ; J fha; r ; r Yk;
ira;aJkhiu mnj gy;yhf;fpy; cl]fhu itj;J jd;Dila te;Jtpl]lJ. vd; cly;epiy kpf nkhrkhdJ! lhf;lh] te;J
g[dpjkhd njhs;fspy; me;j gy;yhf;if Rke;Jf; bfhz:L rpy kzpj;Jspfs; vd;id Th]eJ ; ftdpj;J gpnsf; nehahy;
brd;whh]fs;. my;yhQ% mf;gh]! mtjpa[ W fpnwd; vd; W Twpdhh] . vd; d hy; mg; n ghJ ngr
Koatpy;iy ,y;iybad;why; lhf;lhpd; fzpg;g[ jtW vd;W
Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp me; j TwpapUg;ngd;.
gy;yhf;F J}f;Fgtiu rhjhuz kdpjdhf fUjhky;/ g[dpj
egpfshh] !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y k; mth] f spd; Vbdd;why; vdf;F kpfg]bghpa tpahjpfs; vJt[k; tuhJ
guk;giuia rhh]ej ; th]fs; vdf; fUjp bfhLj;j khpahija[k/; vd;W bjhpa[k;/ vg]gobadpy; ehd; Vw;fdnt uNYy;yhQ;
md;gk[ ; ghh]gg
] th]fis tpag]gpy; MH;jj; paJ! !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;yk; mth]fs; brhd;dgo bfhoa
kw;Wk; jPtpu neha;fspypUe;J fhg]ghw;Wk; ,e;j JMit
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fsJ “my;Qk;J ypy;yhQpy; y$p M@gpdp kpk; kg]jpyf gpQp
miwapd; gf;fj;jpy; xU ira;aj; guk;giuia nrh]e;j xU t @gj; jy; d p myh fjPuk; kpkk; fyf j@g] j Pyd; ”
rpWtd; tpisahLthd; . mr; r pWtd; Myh Q$; u j; Xjpf;bfhz:nld;. mjdhy; vdf;F gpnsf; neha; nghd;w bfhoa
uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp mth] f spd; miwia flf; f neha;fs; tuhJ vd;w ek;gpf;if ,Ue;jJ.
nehpl]lhy;/ clndna Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
khpahij epkph]j;jk; fhuzkhf vGe;J epd;W tpLthh]fs;. rpwpJ neuj; j py; kpFe; j khpahija[ l d; ehd; rw; W
mr;rpWtd; xU ehisf;F 10 Kiw flf;f nehpod;/ Myh rj;jkhf “ ah my;yhQ;! cdJ gphpakhd QgPg] uNny fhPk;
Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fSk; 10 Kiw vGe;J !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y k; mth] f spd; thf; i f
epd;W khpahij brYj;Jthh]fs;. cz: i kahf; F ! lhf; l hpd; fzpg] i g bgha; a hf; F ”vd; W
kd;whondd;. mg]bghGJ vdJ tyJ gf;fj;jpypUe;J xU
Rd; d j; J fisg] gpd; g w; W jy; rj; j j; i jf; nfl] n ld; mjpy; kp!; t hf; kw; W k; fUkpsif
gad;gLj;JkhW mwpt[iwg]gLj;jg]gl;lJ! clndna rpwpJ
,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q%/ f#;lj;Jld; vGe;J kp!;thf;if bfhz:L gy; Jyf;fpndd;/
uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;yk; mth]fspd; fUkpsif khj;jpiuiag] nghy; vd; ehtpy; itj;jpUe;njd;.
Rd;dj;fisg] gpd;gw;Wtjpy; kpf;f Mh]tkhf ,Ug]ghh]fs;. gpd; rpwpJ neuj; j py; my; y hQ; t pd; kfpikahy; ehd; Fzk;
tUk; rk;gt|;fspypUe;J Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp mile;njd;. vdJ gyj;ija[k; bgw;nwd;. lhf;lhpd; fzpg]g[
miyQp Rd;dj;Jfspd; kPJ itj;jpUe;j ek;gpf;iffis ehk; jtwhdJ mog]gilna ,y;yhjJ vd;W brhy;yp mDg]gpndd;.”
milahsk; fz:Lf; bfhs;syhk;. vd;whh]fs;.
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp jdf;F neh]ej ; kt;yhdh KQk;kj; #hP@g] vd;gth] Myh Q$;uj;
rk;gtj;ij jhnd Twyhdhh]fs; “ gnuy;tpapy; xU Kiw uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp my;yhQ; kw;Wk; uNYy;yhQ;
gpnsf; neha; gutpa[ss
; jhf tje;jp fpsk;gpaJ/ mr;rkaj;jpy; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;yk; mth]fs; kPJ itj;jpUf;Fk;
ek; g pf; i fia Fwpg] g pLk; rk; g tj; i j gpd; t UkhW mstpy;yh md;g[k; khpahija[k; itj;jpUe;jhh]fs;. Q$;uj;
TWfpwhh] f s; / “Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp KQj; j pn! M$k; Qpe; j ; u$pay; y hQ%jMyh md; Q %
mtuJ je;ija[ld; Q$;i$ Koj;Jf; bfhz:L fg]gypy; tUk; TWfpwhh]fs; : “ehd; jhUy; ,@g]jh gnuy;tp #hP@g]gpy; ,Uf;Fk;
nghJ xU g[ay; cUthdJ. fg]gypd; nfg]ld; g[aypd; ntfj;ij nghJ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp 11 +gha;fF ;
gw;wpa[k; mjdhy; caph]gg ] piHg]gJ fodk; vd;gija[k; fg]gypy; kjpg; g hd ,dpg] g [ gz: l |; f is th|] f p te; J ira; a jpdh
cs; s th] f Sf; F vr; r hpf; i fa{l; o ghJfhg] g [ fyd; f is bfsJy; M$k; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q% mth]fspd; kPJ
cLj;jpf; bfhs;SkhW Twpf; bfhz;oUe;jhh]. Myh Q$;uj; ghj; j pQh Xjp/ ,dpg] g [ gz: l |; f is gfph] e ; J bfhLf; f
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp jk; je;ij ftiya[ld; ,Ug]gij brhd;dhh]fs;.
nehf;fpdhh]. mtuJ je;ij Twpdhh] “vdJ ftiy vy;yhk;
cd;idg] gw;wpaJjhd;” vd;whh]fs;. mjw;F Myh Q$;uj; jpObud;W Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp “ je; i jna! nfg] l d; ek; i k kz:oapl]L j#hQ%j; epiyapy; ,Ue;jhh]fs;. mUfpy; brd;W
iftpl]lhYk; my;yhQ; ek;ik fhg]ghw;Wthd;”. uNYy;yhQ; ghh] j ; j g] nghJ Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp
!y;yy;yhQP miyQp t!y;yk; Twpa[ss ; hh]fs; ahh] ,e;j jd;Dila Mrph]tjpf;fg]gl]l ehtpd; Edpahy;/ rpe;jpa rpy
JMit “ Rg]Qhdy; y$p(Z) rf;fu ydh Qh$h(Z) tkh ghj; j pQh jg] + f; i f (gpurhjj; i j) vLj; J rhg] g pl] L f;
Fd; d h yQ% Kf; h paPd; t ,d; d h ,yh ug] g pdh y Kd; bfhz:oUe;jhh]fs;.
fypg{ (B) d; ” gazj; j pd; nghJ Xjpf; b fhs; f pwhh] f nsh/
mth] f s; vg] n gw; g l] l tpgj; J fspypUe; J k; jg] g pj; J f; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp/ ira;ajpdh bfsJy;
bfhs;thh]fs;. M$k; Q$;uj; i#f; mg]Jy; fhjph] $Pyhdp u$pay;yhQ%jMyh
md; Q % mth] f spd; kPJ epiwa g[ f H; ghkhiyfis
“vdnt ehd; ,e;j JMit fg]gypy; EiHa[k; nghnj vGjpa[ss; hh]fs;.
Twptpl]nld;” vd;whh]fs;. Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp
miyQp ,t]thW Twpf;bfhz:oUf;Fk; nghnj nfg]ld; kpf cyf thH] f ; i fapy; Myh Q$; u j;
re;njh#khf te;J g[aypd; jpir khwptpl]lJ vd;W kfpH;rr
; p uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp
bgh|;f gazpfsplk; bjhptpj;jhh]. nkYk; gazpfs; ahUk;
ftiyg]gl njitapy;iy/ fg]gypw;F ve;j tpj Mgj;Jkpy;iy Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp rpy Vf;fh]
vd;whh]. epy|;fSf;F chpikahsuhf ,Ue;jhh]fs;. mjDila KG
bghWg]iga[k; ek;gpf;iff;F chpath]fsplk; xg]gilj;J tpl]L
bfsJ ehafk; i#f; mg] J y; fhjph] $Pyhdp rpy khj thliffis kl]Lk; bgw;W te;jhh]fs;. me;j khj
u$pay; y hQ%jMyh md; Q % mth] f s; kPJ thlifia ira; a Jkhh] f Sf; F tpUe; J tH|; f t[ k ; /
nerk; g[j;jf|;fis th|;ft[k; bryt[ bra;J tpLthh]fs;. Myh
Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp jd;Dila ghf;bfl]fspy;
,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q%/
xU rpy ehza|;fisna itj;jpUg]ghh]fs;. mth] vg]bghGJk;
ira;ajpdh bfsJy; M$k; Q$;uj; i#f; mg]Jy; fhjph]
jkf;F brhe;jkhd epy|;fspypUe;J tUk; tUkhdk; gw;wp
$Pyhdp u$pay; y hQ%jMyh md; Q % mth] f spd; kPJ
tprhhpj;jJ Tl fpilahJ. Mjhuk; (my; kPrhd; - gf;fk; 335)
,e;jpahtpy; fpyh@gj; ,af;fk; ele;J bfhz:oUe;j ira;ajpdh mg[Q%iuuh u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q%

ntisapy; fhe;jp/ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fshy; fpilf;fg] bgw;w kp#;fhj;; #hP@g] gpy; cs;s
mth]fis fhz tpUk;gpdhh]. fhe;jp TWifapy;/ “,khk; QjP!;/ K$j;jpj; gw;wp TWtij ghh]gn
] ghk;.
mQkj; u$h fhd; u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q% kf;fsplj;jpy;
ey; y bry; t hf; i f bgw; w pUf; f pwhh] . mjdhy; mthplk; “epr; r akhf xt; b thU E}w; w hz: o d; KotpYk;
brhy;Y|;fs;/ kf;fis fpyh@gj; ,af;fj;jpy; g|;F bgw cjtp nguUshsdhd my;yhQ;thy; xU kdpjd;/ ck;kj;jpw;fhf
bra;a brhy;Y|;fs;” vd;whh]. mDg]gp itf;fg]gLthh]. tUgth] jPdpw;F cap+l]Lgtuhf
,Ug]ghh].” bgha;ahd khw;w|;fis ,!;yhj;jpy; g[Fj;jp FHg]gk;
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp “vijg] gw;wp Vw; g Lj; J k; mwpahikf; fhyj; j py; jPnd KQk; k jp
fhe;jp vd;dplk; ngRthh]> khh]ff
; j;ijg] gw;wpah> cyfj;ijg] !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y k; mth] f spd; bfhoia
gw;wpah> cyf rk;ge;jkhd tp#akhf ,Ue;jhy;/ ehd; g|;F ifapy; neh]ikahf/ ijhpakhf gpoj;J Rd;dj; kw;Wk; gpj;mj;
bgw; W vd; d bra; n td; > ehd; cyf tp#a|; f spy; Mfpatw; w pd; ntw; W ikfis gphpj; J f; fhl] o KQk; k j;
Mh]tkpy;yhky; ,Uf;fpnwd;. mjdhy; fhe;jpia re;jpg]gjpy; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;ykpd; ck;kj;Jf;fis tHp
Mh]tk; ,y;iy” vd;whh]fs;. Mjhuk; (my; kPrhd; - gf;fk; 335) elj; j pr; bry; g tnu K$j; j pj; (cap+l] L gth] )
vd;wiHf;fg]gLthh].
14 Mk; E}w; w hz: o d; K$j; j pj;
K$j;jpj; vd;gth] xU E}w;whz:od; ,Wjpapnyh my;yJ
Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp jdJ Muk;gj;jpnyh tuyhk;. E}W Mz:LfSf;F xU Kiw tuf;
fhyj; j pd; bfsjhf/ ,khkhf (mg[ Qdp@gh fhuzk; vd;dbtdpy; E}w;whz:L fhyj;jpy; kf;fSila
u$pay;yhQ%jMyh md;Q%) Mf jpfH;ej ; hh]fs;. Myh Q$;uj; vz: z |] f s; / Rw; W g] g [ w k; / mwpahik Mfpatw; w py; gyj; j
uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp kpfr] rpwe; j my; y hQ; t pd; khw; w |] f s; Vw; g LfpwJ. ,jdhy; tHp jtwp elf; f
typahft[ k ; (,iw nerh] ) jpfH; e ; j hh] f s; . jd; D ila Muk;gpf;fpd;wdh].
thH; f ; i fapy; xt; b thU braypYk; uNYy; y hQ;
!y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;yk; mth]fspd; jPid g[jJ ; aph] K$j; j pj; vd; w brhy; gd; i kia Fwpg] g jhy; xU
Cl]oajhy; K$j;jpnj ,!;yhk; (,!;yhj;jpw;F cap+l]oath]) E}w;whz:oy; xd;W my;yJ mjw;F nkw;gl]l K$j;jpj;fs;
vd;W miHf;fg]gl]lhh]fs;. tUfpd;wdh]. ,th]fs; jhd; K$j;jpj; vd;W mtuJ brhy;/
bray;/ thH;fi
; f Mfpatw;iw ghh]jJ; rhd;nwhh]fshy; cWjpr;
gy flt[s; ek;gpf;if/ F@g]h/] #ph]f/; gpj;mj; nghd;w fhpa
bra;ag]gLfpwJ.
nkf|;fshy; cyfk; NHg]gl]lJ. K!;ypk;fs; FHk;gpathW
epiyFiye; J nghd ntisapy; my; y hQ; kw; W k;
uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;yk; mth]fspd; Kjy; E}w; w hz: o ypUe; J mwpag] g l] l
fpUigahy; fhhpUis mfw;Wk; Nhpadhf 14 Mk; E}w;whz:oy; K$j; j pj; f spd; gl] o ay; :
,khnk mQ; n y Rd; d j; / ,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd;
u$pay; y hQ%jMyh md; Q % jd; D ila bjspthd Kjy; E}w; w hz: L
Mjhu|] f shy; F@g] i u xHpj; J ,!; y hj; j pw; F g[ j ; J aph] 1. ira; a jpdh ,khk; ckh] gpd; mg] J y; m$p!;
Cl]odhh]fs;. u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%.
2k; E}w; w hz: L 2. ,khk; i#f; #Qhg[jj ; Pd; RQuth]jp/

1. ,khk; Qrd; g!;hp/ 3. fh$h KQpaj;jPd; rp!;jp m$;kPhp/
2. ,khk; KQk;kj; gpd; Q!;!d; i#ghdp/ 4. ,khk; mg[y; Qrd; c$;$%j;jPd; myp gpd; KQk;kj;
3. ,khk; khypf; gpd; md!;/ ,g]d; mjPh]/
4. ,khk; mg]Jy;yh gpd; ,j;hP!; #h@gp 5. ,khk; n#f; mf;gh] KQpaj;jPd; KQk;kj; ,g]D mugp
u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%k; u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%k;.
k; E}w; w hz: L
3k; 8k; E}w; w hz: L
1. ,khk; mg[y; Qrd; gpd; ckh]/ 1. ,khk; jh$%jPd; gpd; mjhcy;yh rpfe;jhp/
2. ,khk; mQkj; gpd; Qk;gy; u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%kh. 2. fh$h ep$hKj;jPd; mt;ypah kQg{ng ,yhQp/
3. ,khk; ckh] gpd; kNj; j@g] j !hdp
4k; E}w; w hz: L u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%k;
1. ,khk; jQjhtp/
2. ,khk; ,!;khaPy; gpd; Qhkpj; $h@ghp/ 9k; E}w; w hz: L
3. ,khk; mg[ $h@gh] gpd; $hPh] jpg]hp/ 1. ,khk; Qhgp!; $yhYj;jPd; mg[gf;fh] mg]Jh] uQkhd;
4. ,khk; mg[ Qhjpk; uh!p u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%k; Ra{jp/
2. ,khk; E}Uj;jPd; gpd; mQkj; kp!;hp/
5k; E}w; w hz: L 3. ,khk; KQk;kj; gpd; a{Rg] fh]kdp/
1. ,khk; mg[ eaPk; ,!;@gQhdp/ 4. ,khk; #k;RjPd; mg]Jy; ifh] KQk;kj; gpd; mg]Jh]
2. ,khk; mg[y; QPird; mQkj; gpd; KQk;kj; uQkhd; rhf;tp/
mgp gf;hpapy; fhjph]/ 5. my;yhkh ,khk; ra;aj; #hP@g] myp gpd; KQk;kj;
3. ,khk; QPird; gpd; uhfpg]/ $h]khdp u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%k;.
4. ,khk; KQk;kj; gpd; KQk;kj; f!;!hyp
u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%k;. 10k; E}w; w hz: L
1. ,khk; #Qhg[j;jPd; mg[ gf;h] mQkj; gpd; KQk;kj;
6k; E}w; w hz: L fhjpg] fp!;jyhdp/
1. ,khk; mg[y; g!y; ckh] uh!p/ 2. ,khk; KQk;kj; #h]gpdp/
2. my;yhkh ,khk; ckh] e!;@gp/ 3. my; y hkh i#f; KQk; k j; jhQph] KQj; j pj;
3. ,khk; fh$p gf;Uj;jPd; Q!d; kd;Nh]/ u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%k;.
4. ,khk; mg[ KQk;kj; Q%ird; gpd; kNj; guhuh
u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%k;. 11k; E}w; w hz: L
1. ,khk; myp gpd; Ry;jhd; fhhp/
7k; E}w; w hz: L 2. ,khk; n#f; mQkj; rh] Qpe;jp K$j;jpnj my;g] jhdp/
1. my;yhkh ,khk; mg[y; g!;yp $khYj;jPd; KQk;kj; gpd; 3. Ry; j hDy; Mhp@gPd; ,khk; KQk; k j; ghQP
Mg]hpfp kp!;hp/ u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%k;.
12k; E}w; w hz: L kjPdh Kdt; t uh cykhf; f shy; Myh

1. my;yhkh kt;yhdh ,khk; mg[y; Q!d; KQk;kj; gpd; Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQpf; F
mg]Jy; Qhjp rpe;jp/ tH|; f g] g l] l gl] l bgah] f s;
2. ,khk; mg]Jy; fdp jhg]yp!p/
3. i#f; mQkj; Ky;yh $ptd; u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%kh. 1. ,khk;fspd; jiyth].
2. kiwthd Zhdj;ij (,y;nk ifg]) mwpa[k; jiyth].
13k; E}w; w hz: L 3. Kd;dhs; brd;w kw;Wk; tuf; Toa cykhf;fspd;
1. ,khk; mg]Jy; myp yf;ndhtp/ bgUkpjk;.
2. ,khk; n#f; mQkj; rhjp khypfp/ 4. ,e;j ck;kj;jpd; K$j;jpj;.
3. my; y hkh ,khk; mQkj; gpd; ,!; k haPy; 5. ,!;yhkpa ePjp tH|]Fk; ePjpgjpfSf;bfy;yhk; ePjpgjp.
jQ;jhtp(Tahtaawi)/ 6. QjPJ Muha;rr ; pahsh]fSf;bfy;yhk; jiyth].
4. my;yhkh #h mg]Jy; m$p!; K$j;jpnj bjQ;ytp 7. gpj;mj;ij xHpj;J/ Rd;dj;ij gw;wpf; bfhs;gth].
u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%kh. 8. ,e;j E}w;whz;od; K$j;jpj;.
Mjhuk;- my;gt[rJy; kf;fpa;ah/
14k; E}w; w hz: L Qp!;!hKy; Quikd;/ mj;jt[yJy; kf;fpa;ah.
1. ,khnk mQ; n y Rd; d j; / fh (Qa)kpna gpj; m j; /
K$j;jpnj M$k;/ Myh Q$;uj;/ m#; #h ,khk; Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp
mQkj; u$h fhd; u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%. mth] f spd; $pQhj; ( nghuhl] l k; )
kf; f h Kfh] u kh cykhf; f shy; Myh Q$; u j; egpfs; ehafk; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y k;
uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQpf; F tH|; f g] g l] l mth]fspd; fz:zpaj;ija[k;/ khpahijiaa[k; Fiwf;Fk;
gl] l bgah] f s; tifapy; bray; g Lnthh] f ; F vjpuhf Myh Q$; u j;
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp jdJ thH;ehs; KGtJk; $pQhj;
1. cykhf;fspd; fz:fSf;F Fsph]rr ; pahdth]. bra;jhh]fs;.
2. md;gpw;Fhpath] my;yhQ;tpdhy; Vw;Wf; bfhs;sg]gl]l
moikfspy; xUth]. ePjpgjp[ my;yhkh K@g]jp ira;aj; R$hj; myp fhjphp
3. kpfr;rpwe;j ,!;yhkpa Muha;rr
; pahsh]fspd; Kj;jpiu. u$pay;yhQ%md;Q% ( #hpmj; nfhh]l/] ghfp!;jhd; muR) Myh
4. cykhf;fis tHp elj;jpr; bry;Yk; jiyth]. Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp gw;wpf; TWifapy;/
5. ,e;j E}w;whz:od; K$j;jpj;. “ mth] Md;kPfj;jpy; mQkj; gpd; Qk;ghy; kw;Wk; i#f; mg]Jy;
fhjph] $Pyhdp u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%kh nghd;wth]. mth] ,khk;
Mjhuk; - my; g t[ r Jy; kf; f pa; a h/ mg[ QdP@gh kw;Wk; ,khk; mg[ a{Rg] u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%kh
Qp!;!hKy; Quikd;/mj;jt[yJy; kf;fpa;ah. nghd;W cs;nehf;F ghh]itiaf; bfhz:lth]. mth] brhd;d
jj; J tbky; y hk; ,khk; uh!p kw; W k; ,khk; f!; ! hyp
u$pay; y hQ% md; Q %kh nghd; n whhpd; jj; J tkhFk; .
ijhpakhd K$j; j pj; my@g] jhdp u$pay; y hQ%md; Q %
nghd;Wk;/ cz:ikia epiyehl]Ltjpy; kd;Nh] Qy;yh$;

rkak; ck;kj;Jf;fs; egpkhh]fSf;F rkkhft[k;/ rpy
u$pay;yhQ%md;Q% nghd;wtuhthh]. ek;gpf;if ,y;yhnjhiu
rka|; f spy; egpkhh] f is tpl rpwe; J k;
rfpj; J f; bfhs; s khl] l hh] . my; y hQ; t pd; moikfSf; F
tps|;Fthh]fs;.”
md; g [ k ; / fUiza[ k ; brYj; J gth] kw; W k; g[ d pj egpfshh]
!y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y ik nerpg] g th] . ” vdf;
- jQ$PUd; eh!;/ gf;fk; 5/
TWfpwhh].
- gjpg]gfk; - kf;jgh ig$; e$;j; $hkp k!;$pj;/
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp/ tQhgpfshd njt;ge;j.; c.gp.
,!; y hkpa Jnuhfpfsplk; gyKiw jdpahfr; brd; W - Mrphpah] – fhrpk; ehndhj;tp
mth]fSila F@g]uhd vz:z|]fSf;Fk;/ brhw;fSf;Fk;/
vGj;Jf;fSf;Fk; tpsf;fk; Twp jt;gh (kd;dpg]g[ nfhUjy;) 3. “uQ; k j; J y; - ypy; - MykPd; vd; w thh] j ; i jahdJ/
bra; a [ k hW Twpdhh] . Mdhy; me; j tHpbfl] l th] f s; uNYy; y hQ; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y k;
j|;fSila F@g]uhd bray;fSf;F rw;Wk; kdtUe;jhky; mth]fSf;F kl]Lk; rpwg]ghf Fwpg]gJ my;y. kw;w
nkYk; nkYk; F@g] u hd fhhpa|; f is bra; J egpkhh]fSf;Fk;/ ZhdpfSf;Fk;/ cykhf;fSf;Fk;/
bfhz:oUe;jikahy;/ ,!;yhj;ij fhg]ghw;Wk; nehf;fpy; ,d;Dk; tuf;Toath]fSf;Fk; bghUe;Jk;.”
gj;thna jf;@gPh] vd;Dk; F@g]h] gj;thia tQhgpfs; kPJ
,l] l hh] f s; . ,jpy; m#; u g] myp jhdtp/ u#Pj; mQkj; - gj;thna u#Pjpah/ ghfk; 2/ gf;fk; 12/
f|;nfhQp/ fyPy; mQkj; mk;ngl]tp nghd;w jg]yPf; $khj;ij - gjpg] g fk; - kf; j gh u#Pjpah $hkp k!; $ pj; /
nrh]ej; th]fSk; kw;Wk; gyUk; Mshapdh]. bly;yp.
,e;j fh@gph]fspd; (tQhgpfspd;) bfhz;oUe;j bfl]l nkYk; tQhgpfspd; g[ j ; j f|; f is gof; F k; nghJ
bfhs;if fUj;Jf;fSf;F Mjhukhf xU rpy khjphpfis ,d;Dk; nftykhd thh]j;ijfshYk;/ bfhs;iffshYk;
ghh]gn
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egpfs; (!y;) bfhz:oUf;Fk; kiwthd Zhdj;jpy; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs;
vd;d rpwg]g[ ,Uf;fpwJ> ,e;j khjphp Zhdj;ij ML/ ,g]ngw;gl]l tQhgpfspd; <khd; bfl]l bfhs;iffspypUe;J
khL/ fGij/ rpW FHe;ijfs;/ Vd; igj;jpaf;fhuh]fs; cyf K!;ypk;fs; jw;fhj;Jf; bfhs;s ntz:Lk; vdt[k;/
kw;Wk; vy;yh tpy|;FfSk; bgw;wpUf;fpd;wd.” tQhgpfshd ,th]fis gpd; bjhlh]gth]fspypUe;J <khid
ghJfhj;J bfhs;Sk; go vr;rhpf;fpd;whh]fs;.
- Qpg]Ry; <khd; ( krhQpUy; gjpg]gfk;)/ gf;fk; 6
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jehj$/ ggpM,/ fhjpahdp/ knekf/ ,d;Dk; gy Tl]l|;fs;
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2. “egpkhh]fs; midtUk; ck;kj;Jf;fis fhl]oYk;
bjhlUgth]fs;)
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Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp Qh@gpRy; Fh] M d; #hP@g]

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mth]fSf;F fojk; vGjpajpy; jh|;fs; Qh@gp!; ,y;iyna
xU Kiw Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp vdf; Fwpg] g pl] L ,Ue; j hh] . mijf; fz: l Myh Q$; u j;
mth]fs; gpypgpl] #hP@gpy; j|;f neh]ej ; J. mg]nghJ “cTJy; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp kdk; tUe;jpdhh]/ Qh@gp!hf
mh] a h” (Uqoodul Arya) vd; w g[ j ; j fj; i j gog] g jw; F ntz:Lk; vd;W Kot[ bra;jhh]fs;.
th|;fpdhh]fs;. g[j;jfj;ij gog]gjw;F bfhLj;jth; xnu xU
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md; W ,unt fpsk; g ntz: o a Myh Q$; u j; Q$;uj; uQkJy;yhQp miyQp ftdKld; nfl]lij kdjpy;
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp xUthpd; miHg]ig Vw;W kw;bwhU epWj;jp juhtpQ; bjhGifapy; ,khkj; bra;thh]fs;. ,g]gona
,ut[ j|; f neh] e ; j J. me; j ,utpy; Myh Q$; u j; 30 ehl]fs; ele;jJ. uk;$hd; khj ,Wjp ehspy; ira;ajpdh
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md; g [ brYj; J tJk; my; y hQ; t pw; f hf
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nfhgg] g LtJk; my; y hQ; t pw; f hf
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Koj; j jhft[ k ; / ,dp jd; D ld; vLj; J bry; t jw; F Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp cs; xd;W/
njita[kpy;iy vd;whh]fs;. g[ w k; xd; W ,y; y hky; vg] b ghGJk; xnu khjphpahfj; j hd;
,Ug] g hh] f s; . #hpmj; n j K!; j gh !y; y y; y hQ%
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md;Q% Mr;rhpaj;Jld;/ gy ghf|;fisf; bfhz:l g[jj ; fj;ij #hpmj;jpw;F vjpuhf xU thh]ji ; j Tl brhy;y khl;lhh]fs;.
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mLj; j 3 khjj; j pw; F ,e; j g] g[ j ; j fj; j py; ,Uf; F k; Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp/ ey; y
thf;fpa|;fis kwf;f khl]nld;. ,d;#h my;yhQ;/ ,e;jg] K!;ypkpd; kdk; g[z:gLj;Jk; go ele;J bfhz:ljpy;iy.
g[j;jfj;jpd; fUj;Jf;fis vd; thH;ehs; KGtJk; kwf;f twpath]fs; kPJk;/ mdhijfs; kPJk; msg]gwpa md;ig
khl] n ld; . ,e; j g] g[ j ; j fj; j py; cs; s lf; f k; gw; w pa ciu bghHpe;jhh]fs;. xU ViH FLk;gj;ij rhh]ej ; th]/ Myh Q$;uj;
,y;yhky; ,Ue;jJ/ mij ehd; c|;fSf;fhf uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp mth] f is jd; tPl] o w; F
jahh]gLj;jpapUf;fpnwd; ” vd gjpyspj;jhh] Myh Q$;uj; miHj;jhh]. $g]Uj;jPd; gPQhhp u$pay;yhQPmd;QPt[k; Myh
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp. Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fSld; brd;whh]fs;.
miHg]g[ tpLj;j me;j egh] jdJ tWikapd; nfhug]gpoapYk; ,we;J tpl]lhh]. ,wf;Fk; ntisapy; mth] kd;dpg]g[ njodhh].
rpy buhl]oj;Jz:Lfisa[k;/ rpwpJ khl]L ,iwr;rpiaa[k; vdf;F Mjuthf ,e;j igad;jhd; cs;shd;” vd;whh].
rhg]gpLtjw;F itj;jhh].
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp guf;fj;jpw;fhf
Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQptpd; ntz:o clnd Jth bra;jhh]fs;. gpd; rhg]gpl]L tpl]L me;jg]
clk;gpw;F khl]oiwr;rp xj;Jf;bfhs;shJ vd;w nghjpYk; igadpd; miHg]ig kdjhuhf Vw;Wf; bfhz:nld; vd;W Twp
ViHapd; re;njh#j;jpw;fhf JMit Xjp rhg]gpl]lhh]fs;. me;j tpilg] bgw;whh]fs;.
JMit Xjpdhy;/ rhg]gpLk; bghUshy; jP|;F Vw;gLtjpy;iy
vd;W $g]Uj;jPd; gPQhhp u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%tplk; Twpdhh]fs;. ojy;
jhapd; brhw; f Sf; F fPH; g ojy
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,e;j tWikapy; Vd; eP|;fs; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd;
miyQp mth] f is miHj; J f#; l g] g l ntz: L k; > vd je;ijapd; ,wg]gpw;F gpd;/ je;ijapd; KGr; brhj;JfSf;Fk;
$g]Uj;jPd; gPQhhp u$pay;yhQ%md;Q% tpdtpdhh]. mjw;F chpikahsh; Mdhh] Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp/
me;j ViH egh] kpf;f ek;gpf;if kw;Wk; re;njh#j;Jld; “Myh ,Ug] g pDk; jk; jhapd; mDkjp ,y; y hky; jkJ
Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQptpd; tUifapdhy; epy|;fspypUe;J tUk; tUthia bryt[ bra;jJ ,y;iy.
my;yhQ; vd; tPl]ow;F guf;fj;Jk;/ mUSk; g[hpthd;” vd;whh]. Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp jkJ tpUg]gg]go
VjhtJ g[jj; fk; gog]gjw;F th|]f ntz:Lk; vd;whYk; jhapd;
xU Kiw xU rpd; d g] igad; Myh Q$; u j; mDkjpapy;yhky; th|;f khl]lhh]fs;.
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQptpd; tPl]ow;F brd;W/ jd;Dila
tPl]ow;F tUkhW miHj;jhd;. Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs; jkJ
miyQp bry; y khf c|; f s; tPl; o w; F te; j hy; vd; d kdjpd; Mirahd ut; $ h-na md; t hh] / ira; a jpdh
jUtPhf ] s;> vdf; nfl]lhh]. me;j rpd;dg]igad; jdJ Fh]jhtpd; uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;yk; mth]fis
moapy; cs; s Kor; R fis mtpH; j ; J rpy gUg] i ga[ k ; / fhzr; brd; w nghJk; Kjypy; jkJ jhahhplj; j py; jhd;
kpsfha;fisa[k; fhl]oj; jUfpnwd; vd;whd;. ey;yJ! ehis mDkjpiaf; nfl] l hh] f s; . mjw; F mtuJ jhahh] “
tUfpnwd; vd;whh] Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp/ gp!; k py; y hQp Fjh Qh@gp!; ” vd; W Twp
mDkjpaspj;jhh]fs;.
mLj;j ehs; fhiyapy; me;j rpd;dg] igad; tPl]ow;F
Qh$p fp@ghaj;Jy;yh u$pay;yhQ%md;Q% mth]fSld; jy;
cykhf; f Sf; F khpahij brYj; J jy
nrh]eJ
; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp brd;whh]fs;.
tPl]ow;Fs; EiHe;jJk; mtUld; te;jth] brhd;dhh]/ ,J Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs;
,irf; fiyZdpd; tPL. me;jr; rpd;d igad; iffis mQ;ny Rd;dj; ty; $khj;ij rhh]ej ; cykhf;fis fz:lhy;
fGtpf; bfhz:L ,Ue;jhd;. Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp mth]fsplk; kpf;f md;gk
[ /; khpahijiaa[k; brYj;Jthh]fs;.
miyQp igaid nehf; f p cd; mg] g h v|; n f> vd; d mQ;ny Rd;dj; ty; $khj;ij rhh]e;j cykhf;fis gw;wp
bra;fpwhh]> vdf; nfl]Lf; bfhz:oUf;f gh]jhtpw;F gpd; gf;fkhf Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp “ ,e;j cykhf;fs;/
igadpd; jhahh] brhd;dyhdhh]fs;/ “Q%$%h]! vd; fzth] ve; j g] gyDk; juhj CUf; F s; EiHe; j hy; ,th] f sJ
tUifahy;/ me;j Ch] gydspf;f Toajhf khwptpLk;. ,e;j jdJ nghh]itia ehd;fhf koj;J/ jhd; xSr;bra;ak [ ; ,lj;jpy;
cykhf; f s; / me; j Ciu tpl] L te; J tpl] l hy; kWgoa[ k ; nghl] L tpl; L / xSr; b ra; a Muk; g pj; j hh] . xStpdhy;
gydspf;f ,ayhj Cuhf khwptpLk;” vd;W TWfpwhh]fs;. btspnaWk; jz:zPiu me;jg] nghh]it ,Gj;Jf; bfhz:lJ.
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp xU brhl]Lj; jz:zPuhYk;
Q$;uj; kQjp Qrd; gufhjp u$pay;yhQ%md;Q% jhk; k!; $ pij <ukhf; f tpy; i y. me; j ,ut[ KGtJk; jdJ
fz:l mDgtj;ij gpd;tUkhW TWfpwhh]fs;/ “ ehd; gnuy;tp nghh]itapd;wp Fspuhy; eLeL|;fp bfhz:oUe;jhh]fs;.
#hP@g] g pw; F xU Kiw brd; n wd; . Q%$%h] Myh Q$; u j;
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fns vGe;J brd;W/ vdf;F Qh$pkhh] f Sf; F khpahij
czt[ bfhz: L te; j hh] . Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp
miyQp mth]fns vd; iffis fGtp tpl]lhh]. mg]bghGJ Q$;i$ btw;wpf;fukhf Koj;Jtpl]L jhafk; jpUk;gp
vd; ifapy; mzpe;jpUe;j tisaj;ija[k;/ nkhjpuj;ija[k; tUk; Qh$pkhh] f is fhqtjw; F Myh Q$; u j;
nfl;lhh]fs;. j|;fj;jpyhd me;j mzpfyd;fis cldoahf uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp kpFe;j Mh]tj;Jld; ,Ug]ghh]fs;.
mth]fsplk; bfhLj;J tpl]nld;. gpwF ehd; gk;gha;fF; brd;W Qh$pkhh]fisf; fz:lJk;/ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp
tpl]nld;. ntiy Koe;j gpwF ehd; kQ;uuh #hP@g]gpy; cs;s miyQp kpf;f Mh]tkhf kjPdh ja;apgh brd;W g[dpj egpfshh]
vd; tPl]ow;F brd;nwd;. KQk;kj; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQpt!y;yk; mth]fspd; k$hh]
#hP@g]ig $pahuj; bra;jPh]fsh> vd Kjypy; nfl]ghh]fs;.
vd; kfs; vd;dplk; xU ghh]riy ePl]o/ ,J gnuy;tpapy; Qh$pkhh]fs; “Mk;” vd;W gjpy; brhd;dhh]fshdhy; clndna
,Ue;J te;Js;sJ vd;whs;. mij ehd; jpwe;J ghh]jj ; nghJ/ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp/ Qh$pkhh]fspd;
mjpy; me;j j|;f nkhjpuKk;/ tisaKk; ,Ue;jJ. mjDld; ghj|; f is jd; D ila Mrph] t jpf; f g] g l] l cjLfshy;
xU Jz:L rPl]oy; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp Kj;jkpLthh]fs;. Qh$pkhh]fs; “,y;iy” vd;W khw;wkhf
,e;jg] ghpR c|;fs; kfSf;F vd;W vGjpapUe;jhh]fs;. Myh gjpyspj; j hh] f s; vdpy; Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp
Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp mth] f spd; miyQp kdf; f #; l kile; j th] f shf Kfj; i j jpUg] g pf;
khpahijiaa[ k ; / mwpita[ k ; ghh] j ; J tpae; J epd; n wd; ! bfhz:L/ ngr;ir Koj;Jf; bfhz:L jpUk;gp tpLthh]fs;.
bghpath]fsplj;jpy; mth] fhl]Lk; md;iga[k/; mnj rkaj;jpy;
#hpmj; ngqtjpy; khh]f;fj;jpy; mDkjpf;fhjij jLj;J/ FHe; i jfsplk; md; g [
ey;yij gpd;gw;wr; brhy;Yk; mtuJ gf;Ftk; vd;id kpft[k;
fth]ej
; J.” kju!htpy; gof;Fk; FHe;ijfs;/ jj;jkJ Ch]fs;
bjhiytpy; ,Ug]gjhy; <j; gz:oiffis kju!htpnyna
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xt;bthU FHe;ijfisa[k; j|;fs; tPl]Lf;FHe;ijfs; nghy;
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp k!;$pjpy; fUjp mth]fSld; nrh]e;J kpf;f kfpH;r;rpahf ,Ug]ghh]fs;.
( gs;spthry;) ,jpfh@g] ,Ue;jhh]fs;. mJ xU gdpf;Fsph] fhy nkYk; vy;nyhUf;Fk; <jp ( gz:oif fhR) tH|;fp/
,ut[/ rpwpJ kiHa[k; mikjpahf bga;J bfhz:oUe;jJ. Myh FHe;ijfis kfpH;tpg]ghh]fs;.
Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp xSr;bra;a epidj;jhh].
k!;$pJDila jiu <ukhff; TlhJ vd;W epidj;jthW/ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fSf;F
nguf; F He; i jfs; gpwe; j kfpH; r ; r papy; kju!h kd; ! nu 5. ghlk; brhy;ypj;jUk; ntisapy; thapy; btw;wpiy
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gilj;jhh]fs;. tpUe;J gilf;Fk; Kd; mtuth]fSf;F vd;d 6. “KQk;kj;” vd;w bgaiu nfl]lJk; !y;yy;yhQ%
gpof; F k; vd; W nfl] L / bg|; f hyp khzth] f Sf; F kPDk; miyQpt!y;yk; vdf; Twp fl]il tpuy; ef|;fis
mhprpa[k/; gPfhh] khzth]fSf;F @gPh]dp/ $h]jh/ gphpahzpa[k/; xj;jpf; bfhs;thh]fs;.
gZ; r hgp kw; W k; kw; w khzth] f Sf; F Ml] o iwr; r piaa[ k ; 7. vg]bghGJk; rj;jkhf rphpj;jjpy;iy.
mspj;J tpUe;Jg] gilj;jhh]fs;. 8. “KQk; k j; ” vd; w mugp vGj; J f; f s; totpy; j hd;
vg]nghJk; J}|;Fthh]fs;.
Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp 9. fpg] y hit(fhghit) Kd; n dhf; f p fhy; ePl] o aJk; /
FHe; i jfis kpft[ k ; nerpj; j hh] f s; . jd; i dr; Rw; w p Jg]gpaJk; ,y;iy.
FHe;ijfs; ,Ug]gJ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp 10. ve;j ntiyiaa[k; tyJ g[wj;jpypUe;J jhd; bra;J
mth] f Sf; F gpof; F k; . FHe; i jfis vg] b ghGJk; Kog]ghh]fs;.
jpl]oajpy;iy/ FHe;ijfs; jtW bra;jhh]fs; vdpy; mUfpdpy;
miHj; J bra; j jtiw g[ h pa itj; J / neh] tHpapdpy; fuhkj; J fs;
elj;Jthh]fs;. rpW FHe;ijfspd; xt;bthU ryhkpw;Fk; gjpy; KhPij tpLjiyahf; f pdhh ]
ryhk; ciug]ghh]fs;.
gnrhhp vd;w Ciur; nrh]ej
; $dhg] mk;$j; myp/ Myh
Myh Q$; u j; uQkJy; y hQp Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd; KhPjhthh].
miyQpmth] f spd; rpy mHfpa gHf; f xUKiw mk; $ j; myp jd; D ila hpthy; t iu vLj; J f;
tHf; f |; f s; bfhz:L ntl]ilahl brd;w nghJ/ jw;brayhf Jg]ghf;fp
Fz: L btspnawp tHpapy; brd; w xUtiu jhf; f p
1. QjP!; f is itf; F k; g[ j ; j f ,lj; j py; ntW Mgj;jpw;Fs;shfpaJ. Fz:log]gl]lth] ,we;J nghdjhy;/
g[j;jf|;fis itf;fkhl;lhh]fs;. QjPJ g[j;jfk; kPJ mk;$j; myp kPJ nghyprhh] bfhiy tHf;fpy; gjpt[ bra;J
ntW ve;j rhjhuz g[jj ; fj;ija[k; itf;f khl]lhh]fs;. J}f;F jz:lid fpilf;FkhW jPh]g]igg] bgw;W rpiwapy;
2. QjP!; f is tpsf; f p brhy; y pf; bfhz: o Uf; F k; milj;jdh].
ntisapy; ahuhtJ ,ilapy; njitapy; y hky;
ngrpdhy;/ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQpf;F J}f;F jz:lid bgWtjw;F rpy ehl]fns vZ;rpa[ss;
gpof;fhJ. epiyapy;/ mk;$j; myp mth]fspd; FLk;gj;jhh]fs; mtiuf;
3. mth] fhy; nky; fhy; nghl]Lf; bfhz:L cl;fhu fhz ftiya[ld; rpiwr;rhiy brd;W fjwp mGjdh]. jk;
khl]lhh]fs;. ,uz:L Kl]ofisa[k; nrh]jJ; itj;Jf; FLk;gj;jhiu nehf;fp mk;$j; myp mth]fs;/ “ahUk; mH
bfhz:nl cl]fhUthh]fs;. ntz:lhk;/ tPl]ow;F bry;Y|;fs;. vdf;F J}f;F jz:lid
4. kPyhJd; egp !y; y y; y hQ% miyQpt!y; y k; mspg]gjhf Twpa ehspy; ,d;#h! my;yhQ; ehd; tPl]ow;F
tpHhf; f spy; j#Q%j; epiyikapy; jhd; tUntd;. vd;Dila gPnuhKh]#pj;/ ra;ajpdh Myh Q$;uj;
cl]fhUth]fs;. 5 my;yJ 6 kzp neuk; MdhYk; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp vd; i d tpLjiy bra; t jhf
rhpna! thf;fspj;Js;shh]fs;. epr;rakhf mth]fs; vd;id tpLjiy
bra;thh]fs;.” vd ek;gpf;ifa[ld; Twpdhh].
ehis fhiy J}f;Fjz:lid vdpy; mjd; ,ut[/ Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp mth] f splk;
mk;$j; myp mthpd; jhahh] kpFe;j tUj;jj;njhL jd; kfid mf;FHe;ijia jpUg]gpj; jUkhW Twp ntz:o epd;whs;.
fhzr; brd;whh]fs;. mk;$j; myp jd; jhahiu nehf;fp “ ehd;
vd; D ila gPnuhKh] # pjpd; thh] j ; i japy; ek; g pf; i f Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp me; j
itj;Js;nsd;. mjdhy; eP|;fs; mH ntz:lhk;/ tPl]ow;F bgz: k zpapd; tPl] o w; F brd; w hh] f s; . FHe; i j fl] o ypy;
bry;Y|;fs;. ,d;#h my;yhQ;! ehis fhiy c|;fSld; fple; j thW mjd; nky; Jzpahy; \lg] g l] o Ug] g ij
nrh]e;J tPl]oy; rpw;Wz;oia rhg]gpLntd;.” vd;W Twp jk; fz:lhh]fs;. mf;FHe;ijapd; jha; fjwpathW kPzL : k; kPzL: k;
jhahiu mDg]gp itj;jhh]. FHe;ijia jpUg]gpj; jUkhW Twpf; bfhz:oUe;jhs;. Myh
Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp; miyQp FHe; i japd; kPJ
mLj;j ehs; fhiy J}f;Fjz:lid mspf;Fk; neuk; \lg]gl]oUe;j Jzpia mfw;wp/ jd;Dila Mrph]tjpf;fg]gl]l
beU|; f paJ. mk; $ j; myp mth] f spd; fGj; j py; fapW ifia FHe;ijapd; fz:fspy; kPJ itj;J fl]lisapl]lthW
,lg]gl]lJ. mk;$j; myp mth]fsplk; filrp Mir VjhtJ “ kfnd! vGe;jpL! cd; jha; brhy;tij ftdp” vd;W Twpf;
,Uf;fpwjh> vdf; nfs;tp nfl]fg]gl]lJ. mjw;F mth] kpft[k; bfhz: o Uf; F k; ntisapy; cldoahf FHe; i j mHj;
mikjpahf/ “brhy;tjw;F vJt[kpy;iy/ vd;Dila filrp bjhl|;fpaJ! me;j tPl]oy; Rw;wp epd;Wf; bfhz:oUe;jth]fs;
neuk; ,d; D k; tutpy; i y.” vd; w hh] . J}f; f pypLtjw; F vy;yhk; Mr]rhpaj;jpy; tpae;J epd;wdh].
mjpfhhpfs; behofis vz:zpf; bfhz:oUe;jdh]. mr;rkak;
kw;bwhU mjpfhhp/ uhzp vyprbgj;jplk; ,Ue;J te;Js;s vy;nyhUk; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
je; j pia vLj; J f; bfhz: L Xo te; j hh] . me; j je; j papy; mth] f Sf; F ed; w pia bjhptpj; j dh] . Myh Q$; u j;
vyprbgj; uhzp jdJ kfpH; r ; r papd; fhuzkhf rpy uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mikjpahf rphpj;Jf; bfhz;lthnu
rpiwifjpfis tpLjiy bra;tjhf mwptpg]g[ ,Ue;jJ. me;j “ ehd; xd;Wk; bra;atpy;iy/ FHe;ij MH;e;j J}f;fj;jpy;
gl;oaypy; mk;$j; mypapd; bgaUk; ,Ue;jJ! ,Ue;jJ. ehd; bra;jJ vy;yhk; FHe;ijia vGg]gpaJ kl;Lk;
jhd;” vd;whh]fs;.
mk;$j; myp jd; jhahUf;F brhy;yp mDg]gpaJ nghy;
fhiy czt[ f ; F jdJ tPl; o w; F brd; w ile; j hh] . Myh kdjpy; cs; s ij mwpe; j hh]
Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd; fuhkj;ij
ghU|;fs;! mk;$j; mypapw;fhf/ kw;w rpiwifjpfisa[k; gnuy; t p #hP@g] g py; cykhf; f isa[ k ; /
tpLjiyr; bra;a itj;jJ! mt]ypahf;fisa[k/; gPnuhKh]#pj; (FU)/ \hPj; (rPld;)
cwt[Kiwiaa[k; jtwhf g[hpe;J bfhz:lth]fSk; ,Ue;jdh].
,we; j FHe; i jia caph] g ] g pj; j hh] jd;Dila ez:gd; jtwhd tHpapy; ,Ug]gij fz:l \hPj;
xUth]/ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fsplk;
xU bgz: mGJ bfhz:nl Xo te;J Myh Q$;uj; miHj; J f bfhz: L brd; w hy; jk; ez: g d; neh] t Hpia
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fsplk;/ “ c|;fspd; Jththy; milthd; vd;w ek;gpf;ifapy;/ jtwhd bfhs;if bfhz:l
vdf;F Mz: FHe;ij gpwe;jJ” vd;W Zhgfg]gLj;jp/ “ ,g]nghJ ez:gid miHj;Jr; brd;whh].
mf;FHe;ij vd;id tpl]L gphpe;J brd;W tpl]lJ. vd;dhy;
,e;j nghpHg]ig jh|;f Koatpy;iy” vd;W fjwp mGJ/ Myh bry;Yk; tHpapy; rpy ,dpg]gf
[ is jtwhd bfhs;if
bfhz:ltd; th|;fp bfhz:lhd;. ,UtUkhf nrh]e;J Myh 2. “vd; kdjpy; ,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd;
Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd; g[dpj tPl]oy; u$pay; y hQ%md; Q % mth] f isg] gw; w p kpf; f
mkh]ej
; dh]. ,d;bdhU KhPjhdth] rpy ,dpg]gf[ is bfhz:L khpahijiaf; bfhz:Ls;nsd;. ,th] v|;fis fh@gph]
te;J vy;nyhUf;Fk; gfph]eJ
; f; bfhz:oUe;jhh]. vd; W miHf; f pwhh] . ,th] ,g] g o v|; f is
brhy; t bjy; y hk; uNYy; y hQ; !y; y y; y hQ%
tHf;fkhf Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp miyQpt!y; y k; kPJ itj; j pUf; F k; md; g pdhy;
mth]fspd; Kd;dpiyapy; jho itj;jpUg]gth]fSf;F ,uz:L kl]Lnkad;wp ntW ve;j fhuzKk; fpilahJ.”
g|;Fk;/ jho ,y;yhjth]fSf;F/ FHe;ijfshapDk; xU g|;F - m#;ug] myp jhdtp.
vd;W fzf;F ,Ue;jJ. vy;nyhUf;Fk; ,dpg]ig tH|;ff;Toa
KhPj;/ jtwhd bfhs;ifa[ila egh] te;jJk;/ me;egUf;F 3. “fle;J tpl]l mQkj; u$h fhd; u!pay;yhQ%md;Q%
Kfj;jpy; jho ,y;yhjjhy;/ mtUf;F xU g|;F ,dpg]ig jd;Dila fhyj;jpy; “nguwpthsdhf” tps|;fpdhh].
mspj;jhh]. ,jidf; fz:l Myh Q$;uj; uQkJy;yhQp ,tUila xt;bthU @gj;tht[k; vjpuhd thjj;jpw;F
miyQp me;j egUf;F ,uz:L g|;if tH|;fr; brhd;dhh]fs;. ey;y Mjhukhf mika[k.; nkYk; gog]gjw;F
mjw;F KhPj; “Q%$%h]! ,tUf;F jhoapy;iy mjdhy; xU g|;F jFjpahdjhf ,Uf;Fk;.”
jhnd!” vdf; Twpdhh]. - KaPDj;jPd; ej;tp
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp “mtUf;F md; w hl cyf thH; f ; i fapd; kiwtpw; F Kd;
,uz:L g|;if tH|;F|;fs;/ Vbddpy; mth] ,uz:L g|;if tH|; f pa filrp mwpt[ i ufs;
mila Mirg]gLfpwhh]” vdf; Twpdhh]fs;. ,ijf; nfl]lJk;
jtwhd bfhs;ifa[ila me;j kdpjd;/ kdjpy; cs;stw;iw 1. vd; D ila Md; k h/ vd; cliy tpl] L g[ w g] g Lk;
mwpa[k; Zhdpapd; xg]gw;w Mw;wiyf; fz:L/ kd;dpg]gf
[ n
; fhhp! neuj;jpy;/ vd; mUfpy; ve;j tpj capUs;sitfspd;
Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp mth] f spd; cUtg]gl|;fs; vJt[k; ,Uf;fTlhJ.
KhPjhdhh]. 2. Nuh ahrpida[k/; Nuh uhj;ija[k; mjpfkhf goa[|f; s;.
3. j+j; #hP@g]ig mjpfkjpfkhf XJ|;fs;.
4. mGgth]fis vd; gf;fj;jpypUe;J J}ukhf ita[|f ; s;.
tQhgpfspd; ghh] i tapy; ,khk; mQkj; 5. Rd;dj;JfSf;nfw;wthW vd;id Fspg]ghl]L|;fs;.
u$h fhd; u$pay; y hQ%md; Q % 6. kt;yhd Qhkpj; u$h my;yJ my;yhkh mk;$j; myp
u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%kh vdJ $dhrh bjhGifia
1. “,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd; u$pay; y hQ%md; Q % bjhH itf;f ntz:Lk;.
mth] f spd; mwpita[ k ; / epiyiaa[ k ; fz: L / vd; 7. vd;Dila $dhrhit jhkjg]gLj;jhjPh]fs;.
kdjpy; kpf;f khpahijia bfhz:Ls;nsd;. jPDila 8. vd;Dila $dhrhit J}f;Fk; nghJ/ “ fhgh nf
mwptpd; g hy; kpf; f cs; n ehf; F ghh] i ta[ i lath] . gj; U J$h/ Jk; gh] fnuhnlhd; ryhk; ” vd; g ij
,d; D k; ,tUila vjphpfs; ,tUila mwptpd; XJ|;fs;.
fhuzkhf/ ,thpd; fUj; J f; f is Vw; f f; Toa 9. vd;Dila g[fiHg] gw;wp vJt[k; gof;fhjPh]fs;.
fl]lhaj;jpy; js;sg]gLfpd;wdh].” 10. vd;id kpft[k; nyrhf vd;Dila kz:ziwapy;
- mg[y; Myh kt;J}jp ita[|f ; s;.
11. vd;Dila “fg]iu” vd;Dila cauj;jpw;F Vw;wthW ( “vd;Dila ghijapy; ,we;jth]fis/ ,we;jth]fs; vdf;
MHg] g Lj; J |; f s; . Vbddpy; uNYy; y hQ; TwhjPh] f s; . mth] f Sf; F njitahd Mfhuj; i j ehnd
!y;yy;yhQ% miyQpt!y;yk; vd; fg]hpy; tUk; mspg]gtdhf cs;nsd;”
nghJ/ khpahij epkph] j ; j k; fhuzkhf/ ehd; – jpUf;Fh]Md);
mth]fSf;fhf epd;W ryhk; gof;f ntz:Lk;.
12. vd;Dila f@gd; JzpahdJ Rd;dj;jpw;nfw;wthW Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs;/
,Uf;f ntz:Lk;. jd;Dila kiwtpd; neuj;ij 4 khj|;fs; 20 ehl]fSf;F
13. vd; D ila @ghj; j pQhtpy; itj; J Xjg] g Lk; Kd;djhfnt fdpj;jpUe;jhh]fs;.
czthdJ/ ViHfSf;F fz:og]ghf bfhLf;fg]gl Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd;
ntz:Lk;. kiwt[ neuj; j py; rphpah ehl] i l rhh] e ; j typa[ y ; y hQ;
14. Qhkpj; u$h vd;Dilatw;wpy; cs;sij rhpghjpahf (,iwnerh] ) xUth] / jd; D ila fdtpy; g[ d pj egpfshh]
rpd; d tUf; F ( Q%$%h] K@g] j p M$k; Qpe; j ; ) KQk; k j; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQpt!y; y ik igj; J y;
u$pay; y hQ%md; Q %kh mth] f Sf; F fz: o g] g hf Kfj;j!py; fhz:fpwhh]fs;. g[dpj egpfshiu Rw;wp epiwa
bfhLf; f ntz: L k; . ,y; i ybad; w hy; vd; Md; k h rQhghf;fSk;/ typkhh]fSk; cl]fhh]e;jthW fz:lhh]fs;.
rhe;jpailahJ. mth] f s; midtUk; ahnuh xUthpd; tUiff; f hf
15. eP|; f s; vy; n yhUk; fz: o g] g hf jPdpy; epiyj; J fhj;jpUe;jdh].
epy;Y|;fs;/ #hpmj;jpd; ghijia tpl]LtplhjPh]fs;.
ehd; ve;j jPdpy; gpd;gw;wp ,Ue;njndh mjpy; eP|;fs; jd;Dila fdtpy; me;j typa[yy ; hQ; (,iwnerh])
epiyj;J epy;Y|;fs;. uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQpt!y;yik nehf;fp/ “ah
uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp t!y;yk; ahUf;fhf
,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd; fhj;Jf; bfhz:oUf;fpwPh]fs;>” vd;W tpdt/ mjw;F g[dpj
u$pay; y hQ%md; Q %tpd; kiwt[ egpfshh] “mQkj; u$h fhd;” vd;W Tw/ me;j ,iwnerh]
“mQkj; u$h fhd; vd; g th] ahh] > ” vd kPz: L k; nfl] f /
gnuy;tp #hP@g]gpd; kpd;Dk; Nhpad;/ cykhf;fspd; uNYy; y hQ; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQpt!y; y k; mth] f s;
fz:fspd; Fsph]r;rp/ E}w;whz:od; K$j;jpj;(,!;yhj;ij “ gnuy;tpapypUe;J tUk; Mypk;” vd gjpyspj;jhh]fs;.
cap+l] L gth] ) / jd; D ila neuj; j pd; bfsJ ehafk; /
Mrph] t jpf; f g] g l] l ,iwnerh] (typa[ y ; y hQ] ) /
jd;Dila neuj;jpd; ,khk; mg[ QdP@gh/ egpfs; ehafk;
jd; D ila J}f; f j; j pypUe; J vGe; j t[ l d; cldoahf
!y; y y; y hQ% miyQpt!y; y k; mth] f spd;
rphpahtpypUe;J gnuy;tp #hP@g] ,Uf;Fk; ,e;jpahtpw;F te;jhh].
g{e; n jhl] l j; j pypUe; J tUk; ,dpa nuh$hg] g {tpd; kzk; /
mth] gnuy; t p #hP@g] te; j ile; j nghJ/ Myh Q$; u j;
ira; a jpdh Myh Q$; u j; ,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp cyfj; j pd; md; w hl
u$pay;yhQ%md;Q% mth]fs;/ $%k;khtpd; (bts;spf;fpHik) thH;fi; fapypUe;J kiwe;J ,Ue;jhh]fs;.
gh|;F neuk; 2.38 pm/ 25!gh]/ Qp$;hp 1340 (28th October 1921)
cyfj;jpd; md;whl thH;f;ifapypUe;J kiwe;J/ thH;e;J Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs; jkJ
bfhz:oUf;fpwhh]fs;. beU|;fpath]fsplk; xU Kiw “ vd;Dila kiwtpd; rkak;
beU|; F k; nghJ ,e; j pah/ ,e; j pahthfj; j hd; ,Uf; F k; . 2. ,iwnerh]fspd; N@gp ghijfs;/ ,!;yhkpah]fSf;F
MdhYk; ehd; bfhZ;rk; Tl kf;fhtpy; caph] gphptJ nghy; bjspthf g[ h pa itj; J / #hpmj; n j K!; j gh
czu khl]nld;. vd;Dila Mirbay;yhk;/ <khDld; kjPdh !y; y y; y hQ% miyQpt!y; y k; bjspthf
Kdt;tuhtpy; vdJ caph] gphpa ntz:Lk;. gpwF $d;dj;Jy; czh]jj ; g]gl;lJ.
gfPapy; ey;y Kiwapy; mlf;fk; Mf ntz:Lk;! vy;yhk; ty;y
my; y hQ; midj; i ja[ k ; bra; a f; Toatd; ! ” vd; W 3. g[ d pj egpfshh] KQk; k j; !y; y y; y hQ%
Twpdhh]fs;. miyQpt!y;yk; mth]fis nerpg]gJ <khdpd; caph]
vd;gij czh]jj; ehj; #hP@g] (egpfs; g[fH; ghkhiy)
kr(
kr(z)hh]
hh] #hP@g] (mlf; f !; j yk; ) ia vGjp/ kdjpdhy; cUfp ,d;gf; fhjypy; cyf
K!;ypk;fis ghl itj;J/ ,iwfhjy; Rfj;ij bgw
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp cyfj;jpd; itj;jhh]fs;.
md; w hl thH; f ; i fapypUe; J kiwe; J gnuy; t p #hP@g] /
cj; j pug] g punjrk; / ,e; j pahtpy; jdJ mlf; f !; j yj; i jf; 4. 25f; F k; nkw; g l] l gy; f iyf; f Hf|; f s; (my; m $hh]
bfhz:L thH;eJ ; tUfpwhh]fs;. rgh] 25k; ehs; c+!; jpd tpHh a[dpth]rpo/ ifnuh. gZ;rhg] a[dpth]rpo/ etc.,) Myh
itgtj;jpy; cyfj;jpd; gy ghf|;fspypUe;J jpushd kf;fs; Q$; u j; uQkJy; y hQp miyQp mth] f spd;
te; J fye; J f; bfhz: L / Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp gilg]g[fis Muha;r;rp bra;J tUtJld; jj;jkJ
miyQp mth]fspd; Mrpiag] bgw;W bry;fpd;wdh]. ghlj; j pl] l j; j py; Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp
miyQp mth]fspd; g[jj ; f|;fisa[k; nrh]jJ; cyf
typa[yy ; hQ;ff; s; (,iwnerh]fs;) v|;Fk; ,Ug]ghh]fs;/ mwptpay;/ Md;kPfk;/ ,!;yhkpar; rl]lk; Mfpatw;iw
vy;yhtw;iwa[k; ghh]gg] hh]fs;/ nfl]ghh]fs;/ cjtp bra;thh]fs;/ bjs;sj;bjspthf cyfpw;F giwrhw;WfpwJ.
ek;Kila ryhkpw;F gjpy; ryhk; TWthh]fs;/ ek;ik tHp
elj; J thh] f s; ( mth] f s; bgw; w btw; w p ghijapy; ) 5. ,Jtiu 21 egh]fs; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp
nghd;witfis ekf;F czh]j;jpa iranj Myh Q$;uj; miyQp mth]fspd; gilg]gf [ isa[k/; Qd@gp
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp/ ,iwneruhf fhl]rpaspj;J ekf;F rl] l |; f isa[ k ; Muha; e ; J lhf; l h] (Ph.D) gl] l k;
czh]jj ; paij bra;J bfhz:Lk; ,Uf;fpwhh]fs;. bgw;Ws;sdh]. Muha; r ; r pfs; ,d; D k; bjhlh] e ; J
bfhz;oUf;fpd;wJ.
,khk; mQkj; u$h u$pay; y hQ%md; Q %
mth] f shy; cyf K!; y pk; f s; mile; j 6. u!h mfhlkp(,|;fpyhe;J)/ u!h mfhlkp(,e;jpah)/
ed; i kfs; u!h mfhlkp (bjd; Mg] h pf; f h)/ IARF(nfush)
nghd;wtw;wpd; \yk; ,!;yhkpa tsh]r;rpg] gzpfs;
1. cyf K!; y pk; f spd; <khd; / jtwhd nkw; b fhs; s g] g l] L kf; f s; ,d; w st[ k ; gadile; J
bfhs; i ffisa[ i la <khd; bfl; l tQhgpfs; / tUfpd;wdh].
fhjpahdp/ njt;ge;jp jg]yPfp $khj;/ mQ;ny QjP!;
kw; W k; gy rjpfhu Fk; g y; f spd; gpoapypUe; J 7. ,e;jpa murh|;fk; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp
fhg]gw;wg]gl]lJ. miyQp mth] f spd; ,!; y hkpa ,iwnerj;
jd;ikia tzf;fk; brYj;Jk; tpjkhf/ Myh Q$;uj; nkYk; neukpUe;jhy; Nuh ah!Pd; kw;Wk; Nuh Ky;f;
uQkJy; y hQp miyQp mth] f spd; kr(z)hh] Mfpatw;iw Xjp my;yhQ;tplk; gpd;tUkhW Jth nfl]fyhk;.
#hP@g]ig jghy; jiyahf (Postage Stamp) btspapl]L “ah my; y hQ; ! ehd; Xjpajw; F ghpfhukhf/ cd; D ila
bfsutg]gLj;jpaJ. nkYk; fr]g{$; -mfkjhghj; - m$;kPh] btFkjpfis cd;Dila bfhil Fzj;jpw;F Vw;whw; nghy;
Myh
- gnuy; t p tiu bry; Y k; ,uapy; tz: o f; F “Myh vdf;F mspg]ghahf! vd;Dila jFjpahd braiy bghWj;J
Q$; u j; vf; ! ; g pu!
pu!: ” vd; W bgahpl] L my; y . kw; W k; cdJ btFkjpfis cd; D ila
bfsutg]gLj;jpa[ss ; J. njh] e ; b jLf; f g] g l] l moahh] f s; ( ek; Kd; d hy; ,Uf; F k;
,iwnerhpd; bghUl]lhy; ) \ykhf vdf;F tH|;Fthahf!”
,J ,!;yhkpa khh]f;fj;jpw;F ,e;jpa murh|;fk;; – Mkpd;.
brYj;Jk; fz;zpaj;ijg; giwr]rhw;WfpwJ.
gpwF moahh]fs; j|;fSf;F ntz:oa KuhJf;fis
Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQptpd; #hpmj;jpw;F fl]Lg]gl]L my;yhQ;tplk; Jth nfl]L/ ,e;j
rpy gjpy; f s; Jthit ,iwnerhpd; t!Pyhitf; bfhz:L Vw;Wf;
bfhs;thahf vd;W Twp/ Jth nfl]L Koj;J tpl]L kPz:Lk;
nfs; t pp:- xUKiw kpjkhd Fuypy; nkw;TwpathW ryhik Twptpl]L
,iwnerh]fspd; (typkhh]fs;) $pahuj;ij bra;a[k; tpil bgwyhk;.
nghJ vg] g o Kiwahf bra; a ntz: L k; > vd; b dd; d nfs;tp vz: 169/ gf;fk; 212
Fh]MDila Maj;Jf;fs; Xj ntz:Lk;> ghfk; 4/ g[j;jfk;- @gj;thna u$;tpah
gjpy; :- nfs;tp :-
g[dpj ,iwnerh]fis $pahuj; bra;a Kw;gLk; nghJ/ ,g] b ghGJ ehk; fhqk; tQhgpfspd; Tl] l k;
krh(Z)h] #hP@g]gpd; fhy;gf;fkhf cs;ns EiHtJ rpwe;jJ Fy@ghna uh#pjPdf ; Sila fhyf; fl]lj;jpnyna btspg]gl]L
MFk;. Koe;jhy; krh(Z)h] #hP@g]gpypUe;J ehd;F iffs; ePsk; tpl]lhh]fsh>
js;sp epw;gJk; rpwe;jJ MFk;. kpjkhd Fuypy; gpd;tUkhW
ryhk; Twyhk;. “ m!;!yhK miyf;Fk; ! ah ira;ajp ! gjpy; :-
t uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp ! t gufhjQ% ! “ gpd;g[ @ghj;jpQhit ira;ajpdh mg]Jy;yh ,g]D mg]gh!; u!pay;yhQ%
gpd;tUkhW Xjyhk;. md;Q% mth]fs;/ mkPUy; \kpdPd; ira;ajpdh myp Kh]j!h
u!pay;yhQ% md;Q% mth]fsplk; mDkjp bgw;Wf; bfhz:L
1. j+nj bfsrpah – 3 jlit ( my;yhQ%k;kh !y;yp mkPUy; \kpDila vjphpfsplk; brd; w hh] f s; . me; j
myh ira;ajpdh t kt;yhdh KQk;kjpk; khjpdpy; FHg] g thjpfsplk; “ ve; j tp#aj; j py; eP|; f s; mkPUy;
$%jp ty; fukp t miyQp t ghhpf; t !y;ypk;) \kpdPDld; cld;gof;if ,y;yhky; ,Uf;fpwPh]fs;>” vd;W
2. Nuh @ghj;jpQh - 1 jlit tpdt/ mjw; F me; j f; Tl] l k; / “vjw; f hf rp@g] g PDila
3. Maj;Jy; Fh]!p - 1 jlit gpur; r pidapy; ra; a jpdh mg[ \!h m$hhp u$pay; y hQ%
4. Nuh ,f;yh!; - 7 jlit md;Q%it eLtuhf (jPh]g]g[ mspg]gtuhf) mkPUy; \kpdPd;
5. j+nj bfsrpah - 7 jlit epakpj;jhh]fs;>” ,J “#ph]f;” MFk;.
(mJ #ph]f/; ,J #ph]f; vd;w a[fj

; piajhd;/ ,d;iwa XJfpd;wdh]. ,th]fSf;F vjpuhf vg]go this cah]jJ
; tJ>
tQhgpfSk; mjpfkhf gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdh]. egpfs; ehafk; vd;W jaf;fk; bfhz:ldh].
!y;yy;yhQ% miyQpt!y;ykpd; kiwthd Zhdj;ij
gw; w p Fwpg] g pLk; nghJ/ cz: i kahd K!; y pk; f s; mij mt;ntisapy; myp Kh]j!h u$pay;yhQ% md;Q%
“mjhap- my;yhQ;tpd; mUl]bfhil” vd;Wk;/ “$hj;jp – mth] f s; / uNYy; y hQ; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQpt!y; y k;
jdpg] g l] l J” ,y; i y vd; W k; TWthh] f s; . Mdhy; ,ij ,f;Tl]lj;jhiug] (tQhgpfs;) gw;wp Kd;djhfnt mwptpg]g[
tQhgpfs; / uNy; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQpt!y; y Kf; F bra; j ij vLj; J f; Twpdhh] f s; . “ ,!; y hj; j py; FHg] g k;
kiwthd Zhdk; vd;gJ fpilahJ vd;Wk;/ mg]go cs;sJ tpistpg]gth]fs; j|;fSila btspg]gilahd ,ghjj;jpy;
vd;W epidg]gpd; “#ph]f;” MFk; vd;W Twp jphpfpd;wdh].) jPtpukhf ,Ug]ghh]fs;(nehd;g/[ bjhGif/ Q$;/etc.,) Mdhy;
,th]fs; jPid tpl]L tpy;ypUe;J tpLgl]l mk;igg] nghy;
FHg]gthjpfs;/ my;yhQ; jpUkiwapy; “ jPh]gg ] hdJ btspnawptpl]ldh]. vg]bghGJk; ,th]fs; kPzL : k; jPdpd; gf;fk;
my;yhQ;tpd; g[wj;jpnyapUe;J tUk;. ntW ahhplkpUe;Jk; jpUk;g khl]lhh]fs;. ,th]fs; XJk; jpUf;Fh]Md; ,th]fSila
,y;iy.” vd;wdh;;. ira;ajpdh mg]Jy;yh ,g]D mg]gh!; bjhz:ilfSf;F fPH; ,w|;fhJ” vd;whh]fs;.
u$pay;yhQ% md;Q% “ my;yhQ; jpUf;Fh]Mdpny ,g]goa[k; mkPUy; \kpdPd; ira; a jpdh myp Kh] j !h
TWfpwhd; - fztd; kidtpf;F ,ilna jfuhW Vw;gl]lhy;/ u$pay; y hQ% md; Q % mth] f spd; fl] l isf; f pz|; f
fztDk; kidtpa[ k ; mtuth] f s; gf; f khf xU eLtiu tQhgpfSld; $pQhj; bra;tjw;F K!;ypk; gil jahuhdJ.
$pQhj; ele;J bfhz:oUf;Fk; ntisapy;/ mkPUy; \kpdPd;
epakpj;Jf; bfhs;S|;fs;. kw;Wk; ,UtUk; kW Mnyhrid
mth]fSf;F rpy vjphpfs; Mw;w|;fiuia flf;f nghtjhf
bra; j hy; / my; y hQ; ,Utiua[ k ; nrh] j ; J itg] g tdhf
jfty; te; j J. mkPUy; \kpdPd; jd; D ila jf; t htpd;
cs;shd;.” vd;whh]fs;.
(gagf; j p) fhuzkhf/ “ my; y hQ; t pw; f hf! vjphpfspy;
midtUk; Mw; w pd; ,e; j g] gf; f j; j pnyna bfhd; w hf
ira;ajpdh mg]Jy;yh ,g]D mg]gh!; u$pay;yhQ% ntz:Lk;” vdf; Twp gilj;jsgjpfis Jhpjg]gLj;jpdhh]. mkPh]
md;Q% jpUf;Fh]Mdpd; Maj;ij Twptpl]l gpd;g[/ “ vd;d jd;Dila gilfSf;F “ vjphpfspd; rly|;fis njL|;fs;/
eP|;fs; jpUf;Fh]Mdpy; ,Uf;Fk; xU rpy fUj;Jf;fis Vw;Wf; mth] f spy; $%y; jhjpah bjd; g l] l hy; / cyfpnyna kpf
bfhz: L ek; g pf; i fahsuhfp/ xU rpy Maj; J f; f spd; bfhoatdhd mtid bfhd;WtpL|;fs;. eP|f ; s; mtid tpl]L
fUj;Jf;fis tpl]Ltpl]L F@g]h] bra;fpwPhf
] sh> vdf; nfl]lJk;. tpl]Oh]fshdhy;/ cyfpYs;s rpwe;j kdpjh]fis bfhd;W
me;jf; Tl]lj;jpy; cs;s ghjp ngh]fs; (5000 egh]fs;) Ftpj;jJ nghy; MFk;.” vd;W Twp njliy Muk;gpj;jdh].
kd;dpg]gf[ n
; fhhp mkPUy; \kpdPDld; nrh]ej; dh]. kPjp ,Uf;ff;
Toa ghjp ngh]fs; (5000 egh]fs;) Kuz:ghlhfnt vjph]j;J rpy rly|; f Sf; F moapy; rgpf; f g] g l] l me; j f;
epd;wdh]. ,ijf; nfs;tpg] gl]l mkPUy; \kpdPd; kPjpapUf;ff; bfhoatd; ,we;J fple;jhd;. mtDila xU if bgz:zpd;
Toath]fis bfhd;W tpLkhW cj;jut[ gpwg]gpj;jhh]fs;. khh]gfk; nghd;w totpy; rpijf;fg]gl]oUe;jJ. ,ijg] ghh]jj ;
mkPUy; \kpdPd; ira;ajpdh myp Kh]j!h u$pay;yhQ%
ira; a jpdh ,khk; Qrd; / ,khk; Q%ird; kw; W k; md;Q% kpFe;j cah]e;j Fuypy; jf;gPh; ( my;yhQ% mf;gh])
rQhghf; f s; (u$pay; y hQ% md; Q %kh) rw; W f; ftiy KH|;fp/ my;yhQ;it nghw;wpg] g[fH;e;jhh]. FHg]gthjpfis
mile;jdh]. Vbddpy; me;jf; Tl]lj;jhh]fs; ,ut[ KGtJk; g{kpapypUe;J mg]g[wg]gLj;jpajw;fhf my;yhQ;tpw;F ed;wp
epd; W bjhGfpd; w dh] . gfy; KGtJk; jpUf; F h] M d; brYj;jpdhh]fs;.
gpwF mkPUy; \kpdPd; ira; a jpdh myp Kh] j !h ira; a jpdh Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp
u$pay; y hQ% md; Q % jkJ gilfis nehf; f p/ “ ,e; j miyQp nkYk; TWifapy; :-
rgpf;fg]gl]l ghtpfspd; Tl]lk; Kw;wpYkhf mHpe;J tpl]lJ
vd;W epidf;fpwPh]fsh> epr;rakhf ,y;iy! ,d;Dk; epiwa g[ d pj egpfshh] !y; y y; y hQ% miyQpt!y; y k;
ngh] jd;Dila jhapd; fUtiwapYk;/ ,d;Dk; epiwa ngh] Q%idd; nghh]f;fsj;jpy; ifg]gw;wpa bghUl]fis g|;fpl]L
jd;Dila je;ijapd; tpe;jDtpYk; ,Uf;fpd;wdh]. ,th]fspy; tH|;fpf; bfhz:oUe;jhh]fs;. mg]nghJ xUtd; (me;j fhyj;J
xU Tl]lk; Kw;wpYkhf mHpf;fg]gl]lhy; kw;bwhU Tl]lk; g[jpa tQhgp) g[dpj egpfshh] !y;yy;yhQP miyQpt!y;yk;
@gpj;dh/ FHg]g|;fnshL tUthh]fs;. ,e;j rgpf;fg]gl]l Tl;lk;/ g|;fpl]L bfhLf;Fk; Kiw rhpapy;iy vd;Wk;/ rpyh] rpyiuf;
rgpf;fg]gl]l j$;$hypd; tUif tUk; tiu bjhlUk;!” vd fhl]oYk; mjpfkhft[k;/ rpyh] rpyiuf; fhl]oYk; Fiwthf
tQhgpfs; gw;wpf; TWfpwhh]fs;. bgWtjhff; Twpdhhd;. ,ijf; nfl]l ira;ajpdh ckh] @ghUf;
u$pay;yhQ% md;Q% “ ah! uNYy;yhQ;! ,e;j Kdh@gpf;fpd;
,e;j tQhgpfs; vjph]fhyj;jpy; j|;fis ,!;yhj;jpd; (eatZ;rfd;) jiyia btl]o tPH;j;Jtjw;F mDkjpia
rPh]jpUj;jthjpfs; vdf; Twpf; bfhz:L btspgLthh]fs; vd;W jhU|;fs;” vd;whh]fs;. mjw;F my;yhQ;tpd; egp/ “tpl]L
rQP QjP!; #hP@g] g py; rpy milahs|; f isa[ k ; tpL|;fs; Vbdd;why; ,g]gog]gl]l ,e;j khjphp kf;fs;
Fwpg]gplg]gl]Ls;sJ. mtw;wpy; rpytw;iw ,|;F ghh]gn
] ghk;! gpwg]gpdpny ,g]goj;jhd;” vd;W Twptpl]L g[dpj egpfshh] “
Jujp#;lkhf/ ehd; c|;fsplk; ePjpa[ld; elf;fh tpl]lhy;/ ntW
1. c|; f Sila bjhGiffs; / mth] f spd; ahh] c|; f splk; ePjpa[ l d; elg] g hh] > vd; i df; fhl] o Yk;
bjhGiffnshL xg] g pLk; nghJ/ mJ Jd; g j; i j mjpfk; jh|; f pa vdJ rnfhjuh] \!h
rpwg]gpy;yhjhft[k/; Fiwt[ss ; jhft[k; ,Uf;Fk;. ,nj miyQpryhk; kPJ my;yhQ; jd; fUizia bghHpal]Lk;”
nghy; c|;fSila nehd;g[k;/ ey;yr; bray;fSk; vd;whh]fs;.
mth] f Sld; xg] g pLk; nghJ Fiwt[ s ; s jhfnt
fhzg]gLk;. g[d
[ pj egpfshh] !y;yy;yhQ% miyQpt!y;yik ePjp
2. mth] f s; jpUf; F h] M d; XJthh] f s; / Mdhy; mJ bjhpahky; g|;fpl]L bfhLf;fpwhh] vd;W egpfshh] kPnj Fiw
mth]fspd; bjhz:ilfSf;F fPH; ,w|;fhJ. brhy;ypa/ mnj Kdh@gpf;Ffs; (tQhgpfs;) jhd;/ ,d;Wk;
3. mth]fsJ vGj;Jf;fSk;/ ngr;Rf;fSk; ,dpikahf g[dpj egpfshhpd; kPJ Fiw ( kiwthd Zhdk; ,y;iy/
njhw;wkspf;Fk;. xt;bthU fhhpaj;jpYk; btw;wpg] Kd;gpd; ghtk; bra;jth]/ rhjuz kdpjh] – kh$(z)y;yh!)
gofl]Lfis milthh]fs;. brhy;ypj; jphpfpd;wdh].
4. mth] f spd; epiyahdJ tpy; y pypUe; J ,yf; i f
nehf;fp tpLgl]l mk;igg] nghd;wjhFk;. xU ehs; g[ d pj egpfshh] !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp
5. bkhl] i lj; jiya[ l d; ,Ug] g J/ mth] f spd; t!y;yk; rQhgh bgUkf;fs; NH ,Ue;jhh]fs;. mg]nghJ
milahs|;fspy; xd;whFk;. xUtd; (me; j fhyj; J tQhgp) k!; $ pjpd; (gs; s pthry; )
6. mth]fspd; ,Lg]g[ Milfs; bfz:il fhypypUe;J thrypy; epd; W tpl] L / cldoahf k!; $ pnj egtp
kpft[k; cah]ej
; jhff; fhzg]gLk;. gs;spthrYf;Fs; brd;Wtpl]lhd;. g[dpj egpfshh] !y;yy;yhQP
miyQpt!y;yk; rQhghf;fis nehf;fp/ “ c|;fspy; ahh]
mtid bfhd; W tpl] L tUtPh] f s; > ” vdf; nfl] l Jk; /
ira;ajpdh mg{gf;fh] rpj;jpf; u!pay;yhQ% md;Q% vGe;J fh]tKk; ,Ue;jJ.” cz:ikapy; bjhGif vd;gJ g[dpj
brd;whh]fs;. me;j kdpjd; bjhGifapy; ,Ue;jhd; mjdhy; egpfshh] !y;yy;yhQ% miyQpt!y;ykpd; bfhil kw;Wk;
tpl]Ltpl]L te;J epiyikia g[dpj egpfshh] !y;yy;yhQ% fUizna vd;gij bjhpahky; ,Ue;jhd;.
miyQp t!y;ykplk; Twpdhh]fs;.
g[ d pj egpfshh] KQk; k j; !y; y y; y hQ%
kPz: L k; g[ d pj egpfshh] !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp miyQpt!y;ykpd; rPhpa moik Mfhjtiuapy; xU nerd;
t!y;yk; “ ahh] mtid bfhy;tPh]fs;>” vdf; nfl]lJk;/ my;yhQ;tpd; moik Mf KoahJ! vdnt jhd; my;yhQ;
ra;ajpdh ckh] @ghUf; u!pay;yhQ% md;Q% me;j kdpjid jpUkiwapy; “ my;yhQ;tpd; kPJk; egpapd; kPJk; ek;gpf;if
nehf;fp brd;whh]fs;. mtd; (tQhgp) bjhGifapd; epiyapny bfhz:L thU|;fs; kw;Wk; uNypd; kPJ khpahijiaa[k;/
,Ue;jjhy; mtUk; tpl]Ltpl]L te;J tpl]lhh]fs;. fz:zpaKk; brYj;J|;fs;. my;yhQ;it ,ut[k;/ gfYk;
g[fG|;fs;(bjhGif).” vdf; TWfpwhd;. <khdpd; Kf;fpa
\d;whtJ Kiwahf g[dpj egpfshh] !y;yy;yhQ% m|;fk; vJbtd;why; uNypd; (egpapd;) kPJ itf;Fk;
miyQp t!y;yk; “ ahh] mtid bfhy;tPh]fs;>” vd;wJk; khpahijna MFk;. egpapd; kPJ khpahij ,y;yhky; ve;j
ira;ajpdh myp my;Kh]j!h u$pay;yhQ%md;Q% vGe;J totpy; nehd;g/[ bjhGif/ Q$; vd;W ,ghjj; ,Ue;jhYk; mJ
epd;W “ehd; mtid bfhd;W tpLntd;” vd;whh]fs;. mjw;F mh] j ; j kw; w J (tPzhdJ). ,d; i wa cyfpy; Vfg] g l] l
g[dpj egpfshh] “Mk;/ c|;fshy; Koa[k; Mdhy; eP|;fs; mg]Jy;yhf;fs; ( my;yhQ;tpd; moik) ,Uf;fpd;wdh]. Mdhy;
mtid fhz khl]Oh]fs;” vd;whh]fs;. cz:ikahd kw;Wk; ek;gpf;ifahd mg]Jy;yh vd;gJ ahh]
xUth] mg]nj-K!;j@gh (egpapd; moik) !y;yy;yhQ%
ira;ajpdh myp u$pay;yhQ%md;Q% k!;$pJd; egtp miyQpt!y; y k; ,Uf; f pd; w hnuh mtnuahthh] . mg] g o
brd; w ile; j nghJ/ me; j kdpjd; (tQhgp) m|; f pUe; J ,y; i ybad; w hy; me; j (egh] ) moik/ mg] n j-i#j; j hd;
Kd;djhfnt btspnawp ,Ue;jhd;. egpfs; !y;yy;yhQ% (rgpf;fg]gl]l rhj;jhdpd; moik) Mthh]. my;yhQ%jhyh
miyQp t!y;yk;/ myp u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%it nehf;fp kd;dpf;fl]Lk;! Mjhuk; - my;ky;@g{!hj; #hP@g]
“eP|f
; s;/ mtid bfhd;W ,Ug]gPhf] shapd;/ ,e;j ck;kj;jpy;
tuf;Toa FHg]g|;fis vy;yhk; ePff ; path]fshf ,Ug;gPhf
] s;.” ,khk; mQkj; u$h fhd;
vd;whh]. u$pay; y hQ%md; Q %tpd; vjphpfs;
mtd;jhd; tQhgprj;jpd; je;ij. mtDila re;jjpfs; ira;ajpdh Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
jhd; ,d;W ehk; fhqk; tQhgpfs;. ,th]fs; jhd; g{kpapy; mth]fSf;F jdpg]gl]l Kiwapy; ve;j vjphpfSk; fpilahJ.
FHg] g k; / rz: i l/ rr; r ut[ f is ,e; j ck; k j; j py; egpfs; ehafk; KQk;kj; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQpt!y;ykpd;
njhw;Wtpg]gth]fs;. me;jf; bfhoa kdpjd; gs;spthrypd; vjphpfns Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fspd;
thapypy; epd;w fzk;/ uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp vjphpfs; Mthh] . ve; j tpjj; j pYk; egpfs; ehafj; j pd;
t!y;ykpd; xU ghh]it/ mtDila kdjpy; cs;stw;iw khpahijiaa[ k ; / rpwg] i ga[ k ; Fiwf; F k; tpjj; j py;
vy; y hk; mwpe; j J! Mk; / mtd; (tQhgp) kdjpy; “,e; j Kdh@gpf;Ffs; bray;gl]lhy;/ Kdh@gpf;Ffis cyfj;jpw;F
k$;yp!py; jd;id tpl rpwe;jth] ahUkpy;iy vdt[k.; jd;id milahsk; fhl]Lk; tpjkhf Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp
tpl bjhGtjpYk;/ gagf;jpapYk; rpwe;jth] vtUkpy;iy vd;w miyQp jdJ vGj; j pYk; / braypYk; tQhgpfSf; F
rhl] i lao bfhLg] g hh] f s; . vdnt jhd; tQhgpfSila tQhgpaf; bfhs;iffSf;F vjpuhfj; jUk; Mjhu|;fSf;Fk;/
ghh]itapy; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp vjphpahf tpsf;f|;fSf;Fk; gjpy; ju Koahky; jpzwpa tQhgpfs;.
bjhpfpd;whh]fs;. j|;fspd; vjphpahff; fUjp Myh Q$;uj; uQkJy;yhQp
miyQpapd; kPJ tPz:gHpfisa[k;/ Fw;w|;fisa[k; Rkj;jp
bghJthfnt Muk; g f; fhyj; j pypUe; J tQhgpfs; jphpfpd;wdh]. vd;d jhd; fhpa nkf|;fs; gnuy;tpapd; Nhpaid
jpUf;Fh]Md;/ QjP!; #hP@g] nghd;wtw;iw jkJ Fiwthd kiwj;jhYk;/ Nhpad; kiwa[kh>
mwptpd; brayhy; jtwhd mh]j;j|;fis bfhz:L mjw;F
j@g] ! PUk; / tpsf; f t[ i uia vGjpa[ k ; mjw; F jkJ jpUf; F h] M d; / QjPJ #hP@g] nghd; w tw; w pd;
Kl] l hs; j dkhd tpahf; f pdKk; bra; J vg] g oa[ [ k ; cyf bkhHpg] b gah] g ] g [ f is jhd; n jhd; w pj; j dkhf vGjpa
K!;ypk;fspd; <khid ehrg]gLj;jp btWk; bjhGif/ nehd;g/[ ijhpaj;jpd; fhuzkhf/ m|;F ifia itj;J/ ,|;F ifia
Q$; nghd;w btspg;gilahd ,ghjj;Jfs; bra;af; Toa itj;J filrpapy; “Myh Q$;uj; uQkJy;yhQp miyQp
nuhnghf;fshf (,ae;jpu bghk;ik) khw;w ntz:Lk; vd;W jk;ik egp vd;W brhy;fpwhh]” vd;W Twp/ mjw;F Mjhuk; Myh
f|; | zk; fl] o f; b fhz: L rgpf; f g] g l] l rhj; j hndhL if Q$;uj; vGjpa g[jj ; fnk vd;W j|;fspd; tHf;fkhd
nfhh]j;Jf;bfhz:L Ch] KGtJk; Rw;wpr] Rw;wp tUfpd;wdh]. bgha;ahd ntiyia bjhlh]e;jdh]. ,jw;F vjph]g]g[ jUk;
bgaustpy; j|;fis ,!;yhj;jpd; rPh]jpUj;jthjpfs; vdt[k/; tpjj;jpy; iraj; #h Mny uNy; e$;kp r$;$hjh e#Pd; vd;gth]/
rpy;yh ngha; (40 ehs;/ 6 khjk;) jPidf; fw;Wf; bfhs;syhk; ,g] g o bgha; f is Twpa njt] g e; j p jg] y Pf; $khj; j pd;
vd;W Twp ghku kf;fis FHg]gp - <khid KG mstpy; ehrk; cw;gj;jpahsh]fs; kju!hit nrh]e;j bksytp ,g]uhQpk;
bra;fpd;wdh]. Mjk; (Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp jk;ik egp
vdr; brhy;fpwhh] vd bgha; Twpatd;) kPJ/ rthy; tpl]lhh]fs;.
,e;j tQhgpfspy;/ rpyh] vd;dbtd;W bjhpahknyna mJ vd;dbtd;why; Twpa bgha;ia/ cz:ik vd epUgpj;jhy;
Ml]Lke;ij nghy; tQhgpfspd; gpd;dhy; bry;gth]fs; xU 1 ,yl]r +gha; ghprhf tH|;fg]gLk; vd;whh]. ,Jtiu bksytp
gf; f k; . vy; y hk; bjhpe; J k; / mwpe; J k; cyfj; j pd; ,g]uhQpk; Mjk; tutpy;iyahk;. ,d;Wk; ve;j tQhgpaf;
Mjhaj;jpw;fhf ( gzk;/ gjtp/ kz;zhir/ bgz;zhir) bfhs;if bfhz:l jiyth]fSk; bksytp ,g]uhQpk; Mjk;
tQhgpfspd; gpd;dhy; bry;Yk; eatZ;rfh]fs; xU gf;fk;. ahh] Twpa bgha;ia/ cz:ik vd epUgpj;jhy; 1 ,yl]r +gha;
vg]go te;jhYk; rhp/ <khid bfLg]gJ kl]Lnk v|;fs; ntiy ghpir jl]or; bry;yyhk;.
vd;W tHp elj;Jk; jiyth]fs;(mkPh]fs;). ,t;thW ,th]fspy;
gy uf|;fs;. ,th]fspd; (tQhgpfspd;) xt;bthU jtwhd Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs;
fUj;Jf;fis fisj;J/ ghku K!;ypk; kf;fis fhg]ghw;Wk; ekf;F Twpa “ehd; ve;j jPdpy; gpd;gw;wp ,Ue;njndh/ mjpy;
vz; z j; j py; ira; a jpdh Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp eP|; f s; epiyj; J epy; Y |; f s; ” vd; g ij jtwhf mh] j ; j k;
miyQp jdJ Md; k Pf bka; Z hd Mw; w yhy; rhpahd bfhz:L njt]ge;jp jg]yPf; $khj; kju!hitr; rhh]ej ; bksytp
Mjhu|; f is bfhLj; J / tQhgpaf; bfhs; i ffSf; F ,g]uhQpk; Mjk; “Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
Kl]Lf;fl]il nghl]lhh]fs;. jd; D ila moahh] f is (kf; f is) jd; i dg] gpd; g w; w
brhy;fpwhh]. ,!;yhj;ij tpl]Ltpl]L xUtiu gpd;gw;WtJ
ira;ajpdh Myh Q$;uj; uQkJy;yhQp miyQp/ #ph]f; MFk;” vd;W Twp kf;fis FHg]gp tUfpd;wdh].
jpUf;Fh]Md; - QjPJ #hP@g]ig mog]gilahff; bfhz:L
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fis Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp/ mQ;ny
gpd; g w; W gth] f s; kf; f h/ kjPdh brd; w hYk; k!; $ pnj Rd; d j; t y; $khj; j pd; jPh] f ; f khd bfhs; i ffis jkJ
QuhkpYk;/ k!;$pnj egtpa;apYk; ,khk;fis gpd; bjhlh]eJ ; ftpijapd; Kyk; uNYy; y hQ; !y; y y; y hQ%
tQhgp ,khk; / ,khkj; bra; a [ k ; nghJ bjhHkypUg; g J
(tQhgp J) miyQpt!y; y ikg] gw; w p ,t; t hW Fwpg] g pLfpwhh] f s; .
bjhGtjpy;iy vd ,g]uhQpk; Mjk; Fw;wk; rhLfpwhh]. Mk; (cUJtpy;)
,J cz: i kjhd; ! Vd; ,khk; f is gpd; bjhlh] e ; J
bjhGtjpy; i y vd; w hy; / kf; f h/ kjPdhit rhh] e ; j gy my;yhQ; fp rh] j ghfjk; #hd; iQ V.
“my;
cykhf;fs; ,g]D ijkpa;ah/ KQk;kj; ,g]D mg]Jy; tQhg] ,d; r h eQp ,d; r hd; / nth ,d; r hd; iQ V.
e$; j p nghd; w bfhs; i f bfl] l tQhgpa muRfshy; Fh]Md; njh <khd; gjhjh iQ ,ndQ;.
epakpf;fg]gl]l ,khk;fs; Mth]. bfhs;if bfl]lth]fspd; gpd; <khd; V fQjh iQ/ v nkhp $hd; iQ V. V.”
; b jhlh] e ; J bjhGjhy; / J}ath] f spd; bjhGifa[ k ; ,jd; mh]jj
; khtJ/
ghjpf; f g] g Lk; ! vd; g J mQ; n y Rd; d j; ty; $khmj; j pd;
jPh]ff; khd fUj;jhFk;. “jiy Kjy; fhy; g ] g hjk; tiu my; y hQ; t pd;
bgUikia btspf;bfhzUgtnu!
,d;Dk; gythW Twp ghku kf;fis/ Myh Q$;uj; ,tiug] nghd; W kdpjh] ahUk; fpilahJ! mth]
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQptpd; bjhlh]gpdpypUe;J mWj;J kdpjuhf ,Uf;fpwhh]!
tpl]lhy;/ kPjpapUg]gth]fisa[k; Rygkhf tQhgpfshf khw;wp Fh]Md; ,th]fs; <khd; vd fhl]LfpwJ! Mdhy;!<khd;
tplyhk; vd; g J ,th] f spd; (tQhgpfspd; ) kw; W k; brhy;fpwJ ,th]jhd; (uNy; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQpt!y;yk;
rhj; j hDila Tl] L f; fdthFk; . ,iwnerh] f s; j hd; jhd;) vd; caph]!”
(typkhh] f s; ) ! my; y hQ; t pd; ghijapy; btw; w pg]
bgw;wth]fs;! mth]fs; ele;njwpa ghijapnyna/ ,e; j f; ftpij egpfs; ehafk; !y; y y; y hQ%
ek;ika[k; my;yhQ; tHp elj;Jthdhf! – Mkpd;. miyQpt!y; y k; Qh$ph] / eh$ph] / v|; F k; ,Uf; f pwhh] /
jk;Kila Zhdf; fz:fshy; ek; vy;nyhiua[k; ghh]ff ; pwhh]fs;/
k!; y f; n f Myh Q$; u j; ( Leader)
bjhGifapy; ek;ik ghh]ff ; pwhh]/ mjdhyna mj;jQahj;J
ira;ajpdh Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp ,Ug] g py; “ ah ma; a [ Q d; egpa; a [ t uQkJy; y hQp
mth] f s; ,!; y hj; j pd; rPhpa gzpahsuhf ,Ue; j jdhy; gufhjQ%” vd;W khpahija[ld; TWk;nghJ ehafk; ek;ik
my;yhQ; kw;Wk; uNy; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQpt!y;yk; ghh] f ; f pwhh] f s; / ehk; ghh] f ; f htpl] l hYk; rhpna! nghd; w
mth] f spd; btFkjpia bgw; w hh] f s; . Myh Q$; u j; bfhs;iffis vj;jp itf;fpd;wJ.
uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp ve; j xU rkaj; i ja[ k ;
(khh]f;fj;ija[k;) jd;Dila bgahpy; njhw;Wtpj;jjpy;iy. Q$;uj; Q!;!hd; ,g]D rhgpj; u$pay;yhQ%md;Q%
khwhf ,!;yhj;jpd; <khid (ek;gpf;ifia) cz:ikahd vd;w rQhgp (egpehafj; njhHh]) rpwe;j ftpijahsh] Mthh].
tHpapy; fhl] o dhh] f s; . mjdhyna Myh Q$; u j; ftpijfis brhy; t jw; f hf uNYy; y hQ; !y; y y; y hQ%
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fis k!;yf;nf Myh Q$;uj; miyQpt!y;yk;/ ,tiu gs;spthry; nkilapy; (kpk]ghpy;)
vd; W k; k!; y f; n f mQ; n y Rd; d j; t y; $khmj; vd; W k; Tl Vw; w papUf; f pwhh] f s; . ,tUf; F Rgr; bra; j piaa[ k ;
miHf;fpnwhk;. uNYy; y hQ; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQpt!y; y k;
tH|;fpa[ss; hh]fs;. ,e;j rQhgp jd;Dila ftpijapy; ekJ Mk; mjdhy; j hd; ehafkth] f s; TWfpwhh] f s; “
ehafj;ij gpd;tUkhW nghw;Wfpwhh]fs;. “fz:fs; c|;fis vd; D ila fz: f s; J}|; f pdhYk; vd; D ila ,jak;
tpl mw; g [ j k; xd; i w fz: l jhf rhl] r p TwhJ! ve; j g] J}|;Ftjpy;iy” vdnt cykh bgUkf;fs; TWfpwhh]fs; egp
bgz: k zpa[ [ k ; c|; f isg] nghd; w bjhU mw; g [ j j; i j !y;yy;yhQ% miyQpt!y;yk; mth]fs; kw;w egpkhh]fs;/
bgw;bwLj;jJkpy;iy/ ,dpg] bgwg]nghtJkpy;iy! eP|;fs; kyf; F fisf; fhl] o Yk; vy; y htw; w pYk; Kjd; i kahd
vy; y htpj ght|; f spypUe; J k; tpLgl] l th] f s; ! eP|; f s; goj; j uk; bfhz: l th] . vdnt mtUila fz: f s; KG
tpUk;gpathnw c|;fis my;yhQ; gilj;jhd;.” cyfj; i ja[ k ; xU ghh] i tapy; fpHf; f pypUe; J nkw; f hf
Mjhuk; - +Q%y; FJ}!; midj;ija[k; ghh]fF ; k; jd;ika[ilaJ. mtUila fhJfs;
thdj;jpy; tpGk; rpW fPwy;fisa[k; nfl]Fk; jd;ika[ilaJ.
mtUila \f;F Q$;uj; $pg]hPy; miyQp!yhk; mth]fspd;
jg] y Pf; $khj; njt] g e; j p tQhgpfs; / bjsQPJ
tUifia thridahy; EfUk; jd;ika[ilaJ.
tQhgpfs;/ jLkhw;w thjpfs;/ ,!;yhkpah vd;w bgahpy; tyk;
tUk; bgha;ah]fs;/ gFjp16-Nuh my;fh@g] (110) tUfpw nkYk; egpfs; ehafk; !y; y y; y hQ%
Maj;jpd; go miyQpt!y; y k; TWfpwhh] f s; / “ eP|; f s; ghh] f ; f
Koahjija[ k ; ehd; ghh] f ; f pd; n wd; / eP|; f s; nfl] f
“egpna brhy;Y|;fs;/ njhw;wj;jpy; ehDk; c|;fisg] Koahjija[ k ; ehd; nfl] f pd; n wd; . ” ,g] g og] g l] l
nghd;W kdpjd; jhd;. ehd; tQpfis/ c|;fs; my;yhQ;thfpa <khidj;jhd; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
xUtdplkpUe; J bgWgtdhf ,Uf; f pd; n wd; . ” vd; g ijf; ekf;F mspj;jhh]fs;. Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
vLj;Jf; bfhz:L egpa[k; ek; nghd;w rhjuz kdpjh]jhd; vd ekf;F brhy;ypj; je;jbjy;yhk; rQhghf;fs;/ jhgaPd;fs;/
ijhpakhf brhy;ypf;bfhz:L Rw;wpj; jphpfpd;wdh]. kh$(z)y;yh! jng jhgaPd;fs;/ #%Qhjhf;fs;/ ehjhf;fs;/ mt;ypahf;fs;
my;yhQ; ,th]fis kd;dpf;fl]Lk;! vd;d ,th]fs; vy;yhk; (,iwnerh]fs;) fhl]or; brd;w ghijahFk;.
my;yhQ;tpDila tQpia bgWgth]fsh> vd;d ijhpak;
,th]fSf;F> egpf;F epfuhf jk;ika[k; ghtpf;fpd;wdh] ,e;j mQ;ny Rd;dj;ty; $khmj;ij rhh]e;j K!;ypk;fs;
bgha;ah]fs;! tHptHpahf rQhgh bgUkf; f s; kPJ itj; j pUf; F k;
ek;gpf;ifiaa[k/; rQhgh bgUkf;fis gpd;gw;wp bjhlh]eJ
;
,e;j bgha;ah]fs; jpUf;Fh]MDila xU trdj;ij te;j ,iwnerh]fs; kPJ itj;jpUf;Fk; ek;gpf;ifiaa[k;/
mQ; n y igj; J fs; ( uNYy; y hQ; !y; y y; y hQ%
vLj; J f; bfhz: L k; / kw; b whU trdj; i j epuhfhpj; J k;
miyQpt!y; y Kila re; j jpfs; ) kPJ itj; j pUf; F k;
elg] g th] f s; . Mdhy; cz: i kahd mQ; n y Rd; d j; t y;
ek;gpf;ifiaa[k; Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
$khmj; i j rhh] e ; j \kpd; f s; jpUf; F h] M Dila vy; y h
jk;Kila ftpijapy; gpd;tUkhW TWfpwhh]fs;.
trd|; f isa[ k ; KGikahf Vw; W elg] g th] f s; . me; j
\kpd; f s; mwpthh] f s; uNy; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp “ mQ;ny Rd;dj; fh iQ nglh ghh]/ m!; Qgh Q%$%h].
t!y;yKila fz:fs; kw;w vy;yhf; fz:fisf; fhl]oYk; fp.”
e$k; iQ mt;h] et; iQ/ ,j;uj; uNy; my;yhQ; fp.
ntWgl]lJ! mtUila fhJfs; kw;w vy;yhf; fhJfisf;
fhl]oYk; ntWgl]lJ! ,jd; mh]jj
; khtJ/
mQ; n y Rd; d j; ty; $khmj; j pDila Tl] l k;

btw;wpia bgWk; Tl]lk; Vbdd;why; rQhgh bgUkf;fs;
el] r j; j pu|; f is nghd; W tHp fhl] L fpd; w dh] / mQ; n y vdJ FUkhhpd; ( gPnuhKh] # pj; ) je; i j Xh]
igj; J fs; (uNYy; y hQ; !y; y y; y hQ% miyQp mwpKfk;
t!y;yKila re;jjpfs;) E}Q; miyQpryhKila fg]giy
nghd; W ( F@g] h ] vd; w bts; s j; j pypUe; J) ek; i k fiur] Q$;uj; n#h]gP#na mQ;ny Rd;dj;/ k$;Qnu Myh
nrh]ff; pd;wdh]. Q$;uj; - Q$;uj; Q#;kj; myp fhd; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
mth]fs; jhUy; cY}k; @g[hf] hdpa;ah vd;w kju!htpy; njt]ge;j;
,g] g og] g l] l / cz: i kahd <khid kf; f Sf; F (tQhgpaf; ) bfhs; i ffis bfhz: l ghlj; j pl] l |; f is
vLj;Jf;fhl]o/ tHpelj;jp bfhz:oUf;Fk; ira;ajpdh Myh goj;Jg] gl]lk; bgw;wth].
Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp 14k; E}w;whz:od; K$j;jpj;
(,!;yhj;jpw;F cap+l]oath]) vd;Wk;/ k!;yf;nf mQ;ny ira;ajpdh Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
Rd;dj;ty; $khmj; vd;Wk; miHf;fg]gLfpwhh]fs;. mth]fspd; bgUikiag] gw;wp mwpe;j Q$;uj; Q#;kj; myp
fhd; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp Xh] vz:zk; bfhz:lhh]. mJ
i#j; j hd; TwpaJ nghy; my; y hQ; t pw; F kl] L nk vd; d btdpy; Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp
khpahij epkph]jj ; k;/ MjKf;F (miyQp!yhk;) fpilahJ rhh]ej
; pUe;j mQ;ny Rd;dj; ty; $khmj;jpd; bfhs;iffSf;F
vd;W Twp ifr]nrjk; mile;jJ nghy;/ ,d;W ek;kpilapy; vjpuhf Kdh$puh (thf;Ftpthjk;) g[hpe;J/ Myh Q$;uj;
tyk; tUk; Mapuf;fzf;fhd bgha;ah]fs; ( tQhgpfs;) uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQpia btw;wpf; bfhs;s ntz:Lk;
“eh|;fs; vJthf ,Ue;jhYk; my;yhQ;tplnk neuoahf” vd;gjhFk;.
vd;W Twp j|;fs; ,ghjj;Jfs; kPJ fh]tk; bfhz:L kw;w
,iwnerh] f isa[ k ; / bghpahh] f isa[ k ; Vsdg] g Lj; J k; Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQpia
rhj;jhd;fsplkpUe;J tpLgl]L. ira;ajpdh Myh Q$;uj; Kdh$puhtpy; re;jpg]gjw;fhf Q$;uj; Q#;kj; myp fhd;
uQkJy; y hQp miyQp ele; n jwpa btw; w pg] ghijapy; / uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp g[ w g] g l] L f; bfhz: o Ue; j
mth]fspd; tHpj;jlj;ij gpd; bjhlh]nthkhdhy; ,d;#h neuj; j py; tHpapy; xU bghpahh] / Myh Q$; u j;
my; y hQ; ! epr; r akhf/ my; y hQ; kw; W k; uNYy; y hQ; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp vGjpa “ jk;QPnj <khd <khd;” vd;w
!y; y y; y hQ% miyQp t!y; y kpd; btFkjpia g[jj
; fj;ij btapypy; fha itj;Jf; bfhz:oUe;jhh]. ,ijg]
bgw;wth]fspd; Tl]lj;jpy; ehKk; nru tha;gg] z
[ L
: ! Mkpd;! ghh] j ; j Q#; k j; myp fhd; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp/
ehnu jf;gPh]! ehnu hp!hyj;! mg]bghpahhplkpUe;J mg]gj [ j
; fj;ij th|;fp/ bry;Yk; tHpapy;
my;yhQ% mf;gh]! ah uNyy;yh! goj;Jf; bfhz:nl brd;whh].
k!;yf;nf Myh Q$;uj;! $pe;jh ghj;! g[ [ j ; j fj; i j gof; f gof; f kdk; khwpaJ! ,g] n ghJ
ah bfs!;! my;kjj;! cz:ikia mwpe;jth]fsha;! jk; tQhgpaf; bfhs;iffspd;
jtiw czh] e ; j th] f sha;! cs; s k; jpUe; j pathW Myh
Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp mth] f is re; j pj; J
kd;dpg]g[ ntz:o/ Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQptpd;
KhPjhdhh](rPluhdhh]).
ira; a jpdh Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp gw;wpa[k; brhy;Y|;fs; vd rQhghf;fs; nfl]Lf; bfhs;s/
miyQptpd; Mrph]thjj;jpd; bghUl]lhy; cz:ikf;F vjpuhf uNyy; y h !y; y y; y hQ% miyQpt!y; y k; kWikiag]
cs;s F@g]iuf; bfhz:l tQhgpaf; bfhs;iffSf;F vjpuhf gw;wpa[k;/ fpahkj; ehs; gw;wpa[k; Twpf; bfhz:oUe;jhh]fs;.
jk; gpur;rhuj;ij bjhl|;fpdhh]. rpy rka|;fspy; vjphpfspd; rQhghf;fs; kw;Wk; ToapUe;j gyh]/ xt]bthUtUk; j|;fisg]
(tQhgpfspd;) jhf;FjYf;Fk; Mshdhh]. Q$;uj; Q#;kj; myp gw; w p me; e hspy; brhy; Y |; f s; vd Mh] t Kld; nfl] f /
fhd; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp mth] f spd; mZ; r h uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQpt!y;yk; kpf;f cahpa
beZ;rj;ija[k/; vjphpfSf;F vjpuhf jk; Thpa ths; nghd;w epiyapy; brd;wthW kWikapd; ,ufrpa|;fis btspapl]L
brhw;fshy; tQhgpaf; bfhs;iffis rpjwog]gija[k; fz:l bfhz:oUe;jhh]fs;. uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQp
Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp/ Q#;kj; myp fhd; t!y;yik rhe;jg]gLj;Jtjw;fhf ckh]gh@+f; u$pay;yhQ%
uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fisg] ghh]jJ ; “eP vd;Dila md;Q%/ uNYy;yhQ; !y;yy;yhQ% miyQpt!y;ykpd;
g[ y p kw; W k; vd; D ila +Qhdp (Md; k htpd; ) kfd; ” fhy;g]ghj|;fis jk; cjLfshy; Kj;jkpl]L rhe;jkilar]
vd;whh]fs;. bra;jhh]fs;.)
tQhgpaf; bfhs;iffis tpLj;J kf;fs; mQ;ny unrhyp khtl]lj;jpYs;s guhgd;fp vd;w ,lj;jpy;
Rd;dj; ty; $khmj;jpy; epiyj;J epw;gijf; fz:l tp#kpfs;/ njt]ge;j; tQhgpfSld; eilg]bgw;w tpthjj;jpy; Q$;uj;
Q$; u j; Q#; k j; myp fhd; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp Q#; k j; myp fhd; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp mth] f s;
brhw;bghHpthw;Wk; nghJ fw;fis bfhz:L tPrp Q$;uj; tQhgpfis jiyf;Fdpa itj;jhh]. ,jdhy; Mj;jpukile;j
mth]fSf;F ,uj;jk; tUkhW bjhe;jut[ bfhLj;jdh]. vdpDk; tQhgpfs; j|; f Sila tHf; f khd NH; r ; r p/ jPtputhj
vijg] gw; w pa[ k ; ftiyg] g lhky; / ,wg] g pw; F k; mZ; r hky; mwpitf; bfhz: L / Q$; u j; Q#; k j; myp fhd;
cz: i kia epiyehl] L tijna Fwpf; n fhshf bfhz: L uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp mth]fs; rhg]gpLk; btw;wpiyapy;
gazk; gy bra; J gy Ch] f Sf; F brd; W tp#j;ij fye;Jtpl]ldh]. Q$;uj; me;j btw;wpiyia bkd;W
brhw;bghHpthw;Wthh]. rhg]gpLk; nghJ/ jkJ Ez:zpa Rit czh]tpdhy; mwpe;J
bfhz:L btw;wpiyia clndna Jg]gptpl]lhh]fs;. ,Ug]gpDk;
Rd; n y mJ ik gpfl] n d thyh eQp
“Rd; tp#j; j pd; jPtpuj; j hy; / Q$; u j; Q#; k j; myp fhd;
nth ryhkj; iQ Kn$ gdhnd thyh thyh!” uQkJy;yhQp miyQp Qp$;hp 1380-KQh]uk; 8y;(3rd July 1960)
Kw;gfy; 10.03f;F #QPjhdhh]fs;. ( ,iw tHpapy; epiyj;J
Q$;uj; Q#;kj; myp fhd; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp mth]fs; epd;wjdhy; tQhgpfshy; bfhy;yg]gl;lhh]fs;)
bghpnahh]fis fz:zpag]gLj;Jtij kpf;f kfpH;rr
; pahf fUjp
brayhw;Wthh]. Myh Q$;uj; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQpapd; Q$;uj; Q#;kj; myp fhd; uQ;kj;Jy;yhQp miyQp
kfdhd Q%$%h] K@g] j p Mrk; Qpe; j ; miyQp uQkJ mth]fspd; krh(z)h] #hP@g] cj;jpug]gpunjrj;jpYs;s gpypgpl]
hp!;thd; mth]fisf; fhzr; bry;Yk; nghbjy;yhk;/ mtuJ #hP@g]gpy; cs;sJ. Q$;uj; mth]fspd; KhPJfSk;/ kw;w
fhy;gg
] hj|;fis jk; cjLfshy; Kj;jkpLthh]fs;. kf;fSk; Q$;uj;jpd; fuhkj;Jfshy;/ ,d;Wk; gyd; bgw;W
neh] t Hpapy; bry; f pd; w dh] . Q$; u j; mth] f spd; kw; w
(Fwpg] g [ :- uNYy; y hQ; !y; y y; y hQ% g[jy;th]fSk; vdJ gPUk; Kh]#pJkhd KQk;kj; ,j;hP!; u$h
miyQpt!y;yik nehf;fp fpahkj; ehs; gw;wpa[k; kWikia fhd; fpg]yh mth]fSk; jkJ je;ijapd; tHpj;jlj;ij gpd;gw;wp
mQ; n y Rd; d j; t y; $khmj; j pd; kf; f is tQhgpfspd; ryhk; (cUJ & jkpH; mh]j;jk;)
bfhs; i sapypUe; J ( <khdpd; jpUlh] f s; )
fhg] g hw; W tjw; f hf mUk; g hLgl] L tUfpd; w dh] . 1. K!;j@gh $hnd uQkj; ng yhnfh ryhk;
my; y hQ%jMyh rpy; r pyhna my; f hjphpa[ y ; u$; t papy; #k;nk g!;nk Qpjhaj; ng yhnfh ryhk;
Q#;kjpiaf; bfhz:L/ nkYk; ew;fhhpa|;fis bra;tjw;F
mUs;ghypg]ghdhf! nkYk; v|;fSf;F(mQ;ny Rd;dj;ty; (uQkj;jpd; capuhd K!;j@gh (!y;yy;yhQ%
$khmj;) ra;ajpdh Myh Q$;uj; uQkJy;yhQp miyQp miyQpt!y;yk;) kPJ yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs; ryhk;.
mth]fspd; t!Pyhitf; bfhz:L btw;wpia mspg]ghdhf! kf;fs; Tl]lk; neh]tHp elf;f tpsf;F nghy; ngbuhsp
Mkpd;. gpufhrk; tPRgth] kPJ yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs; ryhk;.)
ah bfs!; my;kjj; !
2. $p!; RQhdp fQ;o rk;fh ijgh fh rhe;j;
c!; jpy; m@g]nuh!; rhMjj; ng yhnfh ryhk;
786/92
(g[dpj efhpd; ghpRj;j KGepyt[ kpd;dpa me;j

bghd;dhd neuk;/
me;j mf|;Fsph]rr ; p bfhz:l behoapd; kPJ
ISHQ-E-RASOOL IS THE SOUL OF IMAN.
´qK_ÈV„Ák ºÂE©√m ~\VM[ clÏ. yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs; ryhk;.)
ÂV‚Á¶ ºÂE©√m ~\VM[ ∂∫ÔD.
cÚ¸á1 ÷>µ mk¬ÔD :1428 ÷>µ k·ÏflE¬z gı| ƒÕ>V 3. $pd; nf r$;nj F bkQuhng fhgh $%fp
÷>µá1 º\ :2007 Â[ÿÔVÁ¶:‘.5/-Â[§ ‘.50/- Â[§
cd; gnQhd; fp yjh@gj; ng yhnfh ryhk;
y–¯D, y™VÚ¯D (∂kÏÔπ[ y[ ∂º´∏B y™VÏÔ^
>V[) ®™ R> k„«V∏B kÁÈ¬z sÁÈ º√VzD (ahUila r$;jhtpw;F bgUikkpf;f fhgJy;yht[k;
ÿ\·#], Â›s, >ÀÍ], ƒÈ‡∏, ƒ∆] ÷[–D >ZÔV Fdpe;jnjh/
ºk¶t‚| kÚD º>À√Õ] >©‹˛B kfiƒÔ cÈ˛_, ÷¸ÈV›][ mtUila bky;ypa g[Ut|;fs; kPJ
®>VÏ›> WÁÈÔ·V™ ≠Z∂›m¬z Ô‚|©√‚|, >ZÔ›]_ yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs; ryhk;.)
>ˆ√‚| yMKD, m[BVsKD ko\VÏÔ^ √VÁ>l_
∑[™›k_ ¤\V∂› ÿÔV^ÁÔÔÁ· ÔÁ¶∏Ω›m ∂ÉB_, 4. $pd; nf khj;nj #ghmj; fh rQuh uQh
g[*ÔD, k´ÈVÆ ®™ ÷>aB_ √_∑Ák ÔÈÁkBVF c!; $gPnd rhMjj; gh] yhnfh ryhk;
Û‡∏BV¬Ôπ[ Â_kal_ \>Â_o¬Ô›Á>© º√Ë
ÿ>Vı¶Vu≈ kÕm^· ÷>Áw √Ω•∫Ô^ ! (ahUila jiyapy; kWik ehspd; rpghhpR
rQuhthf (khg]gps;isapd; jiy njhuzk;)
º\KD sk´∫Ô”¬z ÿ>V¶ÏAÿÔV^· : ,Uf;fpwnjh/
M.ÁƒB› ∂„\›, gEˆBÏ : ÷>µ, 74 / 176áA, x>_ \VΩ, mtUila bgUikkpf;f bew;wpapd; kPJ
ÔVÕ]˜ƒVÁÈ,÷´‚Á¶ \¸>V[ >ÏÔV ®>ˆ_, >fiƒV∆Ïá 613001 yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs; ryhk;)
5 . $p!; ju@g] cl] fap jk;nk jk; Mfah (ahh] kPJ ifia cah]jj
; pdhh]fnsh mth]fbsy;yhk;
c!; epfhQ;na Qpdhaj; ng yhnfh ryhk; nkd;ikahfp tpl]ldh]/
flypd; miyiag] nghy; kPz:Lk; kPz:Lk;
(vg]gf;fk; jpUk;gpdhYk; caphpy; caph] te;jJ/ mspf;Fk; cahpa jhdj;jpd; kPJ yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs;
me;j caph] bfhLf;Fk; ghh]itapd; kPJ ryhk;)
yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs; ryhk;.)
10. Fy; $Qhd; kpy;f; mt;h] b$s fp nuhO fp!h(z)
6. J}nuh e$;jpf; nf Rd;nd thny nth fhd; c!: #pfk; fp fpdhmj; ng yhnfh ryhk;
fhnd yhny fuhkj; gh] yhnfh ryhk;
(<Uyfj;jpd; Kjyhspahf ,Ug;gpDk; b$stpDila
(J}uj;jpYk; mUfpYk; nfl]Fk; jpwd; bgw;w me;j (nfhJik khtpd; filrp kl]l kht[[) buhl]oia
fhJfs;/ cz:gth]/
fuhkj; (mw;gj
[ k;) bfhz:l me;j gts fhJfs; kPJ mij Vw;Wf; bfhs;Sk; tapw;wpd; bghWikapd; kPJ
yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs; ryhk;.) yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs; ryhk;)
7 . gj;yp gj;yp Fny Fj;!f

; p gj;jpah 11. g{f;nf Fj; uQ; nf fhdh jpah ifh] F
cd; ynghd; fp e$h@fj; ng yhnfh ryhk; @ghj;jpkh fp !fhtj; ng yhnfh ryhk;
(bkypjpYk; bkypjhd $d;dj;jpd; nuh$h ,jiH (jhk; grpahf ,Ue;J mLj;jtUf;F cztspf;Fk;/
xj;j/ @ghj;jpkhtpd; bfhilapd; kPJ yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs;
mtUila cjLfspd; bky;ypaj;jd;ikapd; kPJ ryhk;.)
yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs; ryhk;.)
12. fpj;nd kQf; nf gnl iQd; kjPnd nf @g{y;
8 . E}h] nf r#;nk yQuhna jh]ah gnQ fh]gyh njhp fp!;kj; ng yhnfh ryhk;
c|]spnah fp fuhkj; ng yhnfh ryhk;
(kjPdhtpd; bjhpj;Jj; rpjwpa g{f;fs; kyh]eJ
; kzk;
( ngbuhsp Cw;wpypUe;J gPa;jJ
; f;bfhz:L tUk; tPRfpwJ/
ejpapd; bts;sk;/ fh]gyh ce;jd; tpjpapd; kPJ yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs;
fuhkj; (mw;gj
[ k;) bfhz:l me;j tpuy;fspd; kPJ ryhk;.)
yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs; ryhk;)
13. bfs!;/ fh$h/ u$h/ Qhkpnjh/ K!;jgh/
9 . Qhj; $p!; !pk;l] cl]lhQ; fdp fh]jpa;ah gd;Z; fd;Zn
; r tpyhaj; ng yhnfh ryhk;
gQnu kt]n$ !fhtj; ng yhnfh ryhk;
(bfs!;/ fh$h/ u$h/ Qhkpnjh/ K!;j@gh/
Ithpd; tpyhaj; (,iwnerj;jd;ik)) kPJ Salaam

yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs; ryhk;)
1. Mustafa jane rahmath pay lakhon salaam
14. Vf; nkuh Qp uQkj; ng jhth eQp Sham e bazz may hidaayath pay lakhon
#h Qfp rhhp ck;kj; ng yhnfh ryhk; salaam.
(vdf;F kl]Lk; uQkj;ij bgw;Wf;bfhs;tjpy; 2. Jis suhaani gahdi cham ka thaiba ka chand
vz:zkpy;iy/ Us dil afroz sa a dath pay lakhon
kd;dh] KQk;kjpd; (!y;yy;yhQ% miyQpt!y;yk;) salaam
vy;yh ck;kj;jpd; kPJ yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs; ryhk;.)
3. Jin ka sajde ku mehraaba kaba juki
15. K$;n! fpj;kj; nf Fj;J}!p fnQ Qh u$h Un bahon ki lathaafath pay lakhon
K!;j@gh $hnd uQkj; ng yhnfh ryhk;. salaam
(vdf;F gzptpil bra;ak [ ; thdth]fs; vd;d u$h 4. Jin ka maatha shafa ath ka sahara rahaa
TwpdPh]fs; vd;why;/ Us jabeena sa dath pay lakhon salaam
uQ;kj;jpd; capuhd K!;j@gh (!y;yy;yhQ%
miyQpt!y;yk;) kPJ yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs; ryhk; vd;ngd;.) 5. Jis taraf ut gayi tham may tham aa gayaa
Us nigaa ye hinaayath pay lakhon salaam
16. jhy; jp fy;g] nk m!;(z)knj K!;j@gh
irajP Myh Q$;uj; ng yhnfh ryhk;. 6. Dhoor nazdik kay sunna vala ‘o’ kaan
Kaana laalay karaamath par lakhon
(K!;j@ghtpd; (!y;yy;yhQ% miyQpt!y;yk;) salaam
bgUikkpf;f epidit ,jaj;jpy; ,l]l/
jiyth] Myh Q$;uj; (uQkJy;yhQp miyQp) kPJ 7. Pathli pathli gulay quds ki pathiyaan
yl]rhjpyl]r|;fs; ryhk;.) Un labon ki nazaakath pay lakhon salaam
8. Noor ka chasmay laharaaya daryaa bahay

Ungliyon ki karaamath pay lakhon salaam
9. Haath jis simt uttaah gani kar diyaa

Bahara mavjay sakaavath pay lakhon
salaam
96 ÷\Vº\ ∂„ºÈ ∑[™›á∂„\› ´¤VÔV[ óB_ÈV¯ ∂[¯
10. Kul jahan ki milk aur ‘jaw’ ki roti

kiza
Us shikam ki kanaa ath pay lakhon
salaam
11. Buukay qudh rahkay khanaa diya gair ku

Fathima ki sakaavath pay lakhon salaam
12. Kithna mahak ka padain hain madinay kay

phool
Karbala teri kismath pay lakhon salaam
13. Gouse, kaja, raza, haamido, mustafa

Panja kanja vilaayath pay lakhon salaam
14. Ek mera hi rahamath pay dawaa nahi

Shaa hakhi saari ummath pay lakhon
salaam
15. Mujse kidhmath ka qudhisi kahe haan

raza
Mustafa jane rahamath pay lakhon salaam
16. Dall di qalb may azmathay mustafa

Sayyadi aala hazrath pay lakhon salaam.

Ala Hazrath The 14 Century Mujadidh

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SAHEB DARGAH PUBLISHERS,

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11. mzpapyf;fzf; bfhs;iffs; 6. ahg]gpyf;fz mwptpay; (Prosody)

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2) “kw;Wk; eP|]fs; ,Ul]oy; ,Ug]gjhf fz:lhd; m j d h y ; khjphp 22:

‘ 6) “kw;Wk; mtd;/ c|]fis jphpe;J miye;J cykhf; f spd; bjspt[ i uu:

khjphp 3 : jd; D ila mjpfg] g oahd neuj; i j rl] l k; rk; g e; j khd

cldoahf vd;Dila ug]gpw;F(,iwtDf;F) ,khk; mQkj; Kjy; g[ d pj Q$; gazk

nth N v yh yh $hh] gph]nj iQd;……”

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nghd;Wk;/ cz:ikia epiyehl]Ltjpy; kd;Nh] Qy;yh$;

Myh Q$; u j; uQ; k j; J y; y hQp miyQp Qh@gpRy; Fh] M d; #hP@g]

(mJ #ph]f/; ,J #ph]f; vd;w a[fj

mQ; n y Rd; d j; ty; $khmj; j pDila Tl] l k;

(g[dpj efhpd; ghpRj;j KGepyt[ kpd;dpa me;j

7 . gj;yp gj;yp Fny Fj;!f

Ithpd; tpyhaj; (,iwnerj;jd;ik)) kPJ Salaam

8. Noor ka chasmay laharaaya daryaa bahay

9. Haath jis simt uttaah gani kar diyaa

10. Kul jahan ki milk aur ‘jaw’ ki roti

11. Buukay qudh rahkay khanaa diya gair ku

12. Kithna mahak ka padain hain madinay kay

13. Gouse, kaja, raza, haamido, mustafa

14. Ek mera hi rahamath pay dawaa nahi

15. Mujse kidhmath ka qudhisi kahe haan

16. Dall di qalb may azmathay mustafa

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