VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BELGAUM

VIDYAVARDHAKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING MYSORE

SEMINAR REPORT ON

3D INTERNET
Submitted By NAME USN BRANCH SUB CODE SEMESTER : PAVAN KUMAR R : 4VV07EC032 : ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION : EC86 : 8th SEM

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VIDYAVARDHAKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING MYSORE

SEMINAR REPORT

3D INTERNET
NAME OF THE CANDIDATE : PAVAN KUMAR R USN : 4VV07EC032 DATE MAXIMUM PRESENTATION REPORT TOTAL MARKS MARKS 50

..................................... (Signature of the student) .................................. .........

(Dr. L. BASAVARAJ) HOD

..................................
(SHISHIRA H) COORDINATOR

.............................
(Dr.L.BASAVARAJ) GUIDE

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VIDYAVARDHAKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING MYSORE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that PAVAN KUMAR R (4VV07EC032) has satisfactorily completed the seminar of VIIIth semester Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics and Communication Engineering prescribed by VTU, Belgaum during the year 2011 on 3D INTERNET. The seminar has been approved and satisfies the academic requirement in respect to the work prescribed for Bachelor of Engineering Degree.

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ABSTRACT

The topic 3D Internet in Web 3.0 is one of the most important technologies world is looking forward to. Generally, we do our things manually in the daily life, which can be said to be in the form of 3D. But when it comes to internet we are actually using it in the form of 2D rather than 3D, hence this concept i.e. 3D Internet helps in achieving that. 3D Internet, also known as virtual worlds, is a powerful new way for you to reach consumers, business customers, co-workers, partners, and students. It combines the immediacy of television, the versatile content of the Web, and the relationship-building strengths of social networking sites like Face book. Yet unlike the passive experience of television, the 3D Internet is inherently interactive and engaging. Virtual worlds provide immersive 3D experiences that replicate (and in some cases exceed) real life. Second Life is one such resource which is implementing the concept of the 3D Internet in its applications. And off late this application has been a great success in the United States and is expected to affect the internet usage in a drastic way.

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Contents
1. Introduction 1.1 Web 1.0 1.2 Web 2.0 1.3 Web 3.0 2. 3D Internet
2.1 . 3D Internet: Why? 2.2 . 3D Internet: What? 2.2.1 World servers 2.2.2 Avatar/ID servers 2.2.3 Universe location servers 2.2.4 Clients

4 4 4 4 6
7 9 11 11 11 11

3. Intelligent Environments
3.1 Intelligent Services 3.2 Intelligent Agents and Rendering

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12 13

4. Technical Implications
4.1 Speed 4.2 Hardware

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5. Solutions
5.1 Speed 5.2 Hardware

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6. Obstacles to Commercial Success in 3D Internet 7 . Applications of 3D Internet 7.1 Education

7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Religion Embassies Live sport entertainment Arts

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16 18 19 19

8. Conclusion
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Introduction
1.1 Web 1.0
Companies publish content that people consume (e.g. CNN). In Web 1.0, a small number of writers created Web pages for a large number of readers. As a result, people could get information by going directly to the source: Adobe.com for graphic design issues, Microsoft.com for Windows issues, and CNN.com for news. As personal publishing caught on and went mainstream, it became apparent that the Web 1.0 paradigm had to change. shown fig 1.1.

1.2 Web 2.0

People publish content that other people can consume, companies build platforms that let people publish content for other people (e.g. Flickr, YouTube, Adsense, Wikipedia, Blogger, MySpace, RSS, Digg). Web 2.0 sites often feature a rich, user friendly interface based on Ajax, OpenLaszlo, Flex or similar rich media. Web 2.0 has become popular mainly because of its rich look, and use of the Best GUIs. Shown fig 1.1.

1.3 Web 3.0

With Web 3.0 applications we will see the data being integrated and applying it into innovative ways that were never possible before. Imagine taking things from Amazon, integrating it with data from Google and then building a site that would define your shopping experience based on a combination of Google Trends and New Products. This is just a random (possibly horrible) example of
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what Web 3.0 applications will harness. Web 3.0 also aims at integrating various devices to the internet, the devices include cell phones, refrigerators, cars, etc. Another major leap in the Web 3.0 is the introduction of the 3D Internet into the web, hence these would replace the existing WebPages with the web places. The following diagram depicts the nature of web 1.0 and web 2.0.

Fig 1.1

2 3D Internet
3D Internet, also known as virtual worlds, is a powerful new way for you to reach consumers, business customers, co-workers, partners, and students. It combines the immediacy of television, the versatile content of the Web, and the relationship-building strengths of social networking sites like Face book. Yet
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unlike the passive experience of television, the 3D Internet is inherently interactive and engaging. Virtual worlds provide immersive 3D experiences that replicate (and in some cases exceed) real life. People who take part in virtual worlds stay online longer with a heightened level of interest. To take advantage of that interest, diverse businesses and organizations have claimed an early stake in this fast-growing market. They include technology leaders such as IBM, Microsoft, and Cisco, companies such as BMW, Toyota, Circuit City, Coca Cola, and Calvin Klein, and scores of universities, including Harvard, Stanford and Penn State. The most well-known of the 40 virtual world platforms today is Second Life. Its in-world residents number in the millions. As residents, they can:

Remotely attend group meetings, training sessions, and educational classes Engage in corporate or community events View and manipulate statistical information and other data such as biological or chemical processes in three dimensions Try out new products, electronic devices and gadgets Take part in virtual commerce Participate in brand experiences that carry over to the real world.

2.1 3D Internet: Why?

One of the often heard arguments against the 3D Internet is in the form of the question why do we need it? For most of its users the Internet is a familiar, comfortable medium where we communicate with each other, get our news, shop, pay our bills, and more. We are indeed so much used to and dependant on its existence that we dont think about its nature anymore just like we do not think
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about Ohms law when we turn on the lights. From this perspective what we have, i.e. the 2D version, seems sufficient and the 3D Internet is yet another fad. However, if we stop and think about the nature of the Internet for a moment we realize that it is nothing but a virtual environment (cyberspace) where people and organizations interact with each other and exchange information. Once this fact is well understood, the question can be turned on its head and becomes why do we restrict ourselves to 2D pages and hyperlinks for all these activities? Navigating hierarchical data structures is often cumbersome for large data sets. Unfortunately, the Internet as we know is organized as a flat abstract mesh of interconnected hierarchical documents. A typical 2D website is an extremely abstract entity and consists of nothing but a bunch of documents and pictures. Within the website, at every level of the interaction, the developers have to provide the user immediate navigational help. Otherwise, the user would get lost sooner or later. Since this is a very abstract environment, there is no straightforward way of providing a navigation scheme which would be immediately recognizable to human beings. The situation is not any better when traveling between websites.. It is no surprise that Google is the most powerful Internet Company of our times. There is actually a much better alternative way of organizing data which everybody knows and uses. We spend all our lives in a 3D world navigating between places and organizing objects spatially. We rarely need search engines to find what we are looking for and our brains are naturally adept at remembering spatial relationships. Let us consider the following fictitious scenario on the 3D Internet. Instead of a flat 2D desktop I can put my documents on my desk at home, where documents, desk, and home are virtual entities that are 3D representations of real-world counterparts with spatial relationships. Later, when the need of finding these documents arises, there is a high probability that I can easily remember their location without resorting to additional processes such as search engines or a recent documents folder.
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Obviously, it is very difficult -if not impossible- to realize this scenario on the current Internet. We are there like 2D creatures living on flat documents not knowing where we are or what is next to us. We teleport constantly from one flat surface to another, each time getting lost, each time asking for directions or help. In contrast, the ease of use and intuitiveness of 3D GUIs are an immediate consequence of the way our brains work, a result of a long evolutionary process ensuring adaptation to our world. Although the 3D Internet is not a solution to all problems, it provides an HCI framework that can decrease mental load and open doors to rich, innovative interface designs through spatial relationships. Another important point is the Web place metaphore of the 3D Internet which enables interaction between people in a natural way. In this sense, the 3D Internet can be seen as a natural successor of Web 2.0. The metaverses such as SL can be considered as pioneering precursors of the 3D Internet. Yet, they already indicate its significant business opportunities. Not only existing online businesses would benefit from the inherent interactive nature and spatial HCI paradigms of the 3D Internet but also a whole range of businesses such as fashion, real estate, and tourism can finally start using the Internet effectively. We expect that the possibility of providing faithful 3D representations of products and services will have revolutionary effects on online business to business and business to customer commercial activity. From virtual try before buy to interactive shopping the commercial potential of the 3D Internet is enormous.

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2.2 3D Internet: What?

3D Internet shares the time-tested main principles and underlying architecture of the current Internet as well as many semantic web concepts. The operational principles the 3D Internet shares with its predecessor include open and flexible architecture, open protocols, simplicity at the network core, intelligence at the edges, and distributed implementation. We adopt here the terms universe, world, and webplace as 3D counterparts of WWW, website, and sub domain, respectively. We describe each components functionality briefly below and along with the fig 1.2.

Fig 1.2

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Here, in the above picture, it can be seen that, people can attend seminars in the virtual world / 3D internet, with the feel of a real presentation. And many such concepts are getting lot of hype/ recognition in the Second Life. Second Life has also created few Universities in its application, where a student can take a tour, attend seminar, listen to lectures, free of cost. One such University is Ohio University located in Athens.

2.2.1 World servers:

Provide user- or server-side created, static and dynamic content making up the specific webplace (3D environment) including visuals, physics engine, avatar data, media, and more to client programs. A world server has the important task of coordinating the co-existence of connected users, initiating communication between them, and ensuring in-world consistency in real time. They may also facilitate various services such as e-mail, instant saging, and more.

2.2.2 Avatar/ID servers:

Virtual identity management systems containing identity and avatar information as well as inventory (not only in world graphics but also documents, pictures, e-mails, etc.) of registered users and providing these to individual world servers and relevant client programs (owner, owners friends) while ensuring privacy and security of stored information. Avatar/ID servers can be part of world servers.

2.2.3 Universe location servers:

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virtual location management systems similar to and including current DNS providing virtual geographical information as well as connection to the Internet via methods similar to SLurl. They can also act as a distributed directory of the world, avatar servers and users.

2.2.4 Clients:
Browser-like viewer programs running on users computers with extensive networking, caching, and 3D rendering capabilities. Additional components of the 3D Internet include webplaces (replacing websites) and 3D object creation/editing software, i.e. easy-to-use 3D modeling and design programs such as Sketch-Up and standardized mark-up languages and communication protocols. Emergence of new software and tools in addition to the ones mentioned should naturally be expected.

3 Intelligent Environments
Emerging fields such as ubiquitous computing and ambient intelligence draw heavily from adaptive and intelligent algorithms. They are concerned with computing and networking technology that is unobtrusively embedded in the everyday environment of human users. The emphasis is on user-friendliness, efficient and distributed services support, user empowerment, and support for human interactions. All this assumes a shift away from desktop or portable computers to a variety of devices accessible via intelligent interfaces. The 3D Internet, which is a virtual ubiquitous computing environment, provides the perfect test bed for developing these ideas and emulating them in realistic 3D settings with real users.

3.1 Intelligent Services

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In the case of the 3D Internet, the concept of intelligent environments naturally extends to underlying communication protocols and enabling services as well as to user centered services. Given its inherent P2P nature, the 3D Internet can make use of paradigms such as intelligent routing where mechanisms being aware of the network topology and information structure allow for flexible and context-dependent distribution of traffic. As in the real world, one could think of adaptive algorithms that control traffic flow depending on the time of day, userbehavior patterns, or a variety of global and local events. Since the 3D Internet provides an environment that closely resembles the physical world, it calls for intelligent interfaces that extend the conventional desktop metaphors such as menus and sliders. This may include speech- and gesture recognition, but also implies interaction with virtual objects and tools inspired by things existing in the real world. Learning and ambient intelligence on this level will then have to be concerned with typical usage patterns, anticipations of user activities, and convincing simulations. In terms of user-centered services, it is not hard to imagine applications of machine learning that would facilitate social interaction of users as well as increase usability of core functionalities of the virtual environments on the 3D Internet. Examples of such services are recommender systems for e-commerce or social networking that rely on collaborative filtering. Based on user provided ratings or an analysis of typical usage patterns, goal directed, intelligent searches and recommendations are possible. This of course facilitates personalization of individual users avatars and improves multimedia-information retrieval.

3.2 Intelligent Agents and Rendering

In order to increase the users acceptance of services like the ones just mentioned, they will not just have to be personalized but also be presented and accessible in a way users will consider natural. This leads to the problem of
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modeling artificial agents and avatars that act life-like and show a behavior that would be considered natural and human-like. First attempts in this direction have already been made in the context of computer games. Here, machine learning has been shown to provide an auspicious avenue. The network traffic generated by a group of people playing a multiplayer game contains all the data necessary to describe their activities in the virtual game world. Statistical analysis of this traffic and a derivation of a generative model there from allows for implementing agents that are perceived to act more human-like. Corresponding approaches can be applied to improve on the quality of virtual clerks and information personnel.

4 Technical Implications
4.1 Speed:
Internet speed is one of the most significant implications that are being faced by the 3D Internet. A research shows that not many countries in the world are in a state to fulfill the internet speeds that are required for the implementation of the 3D Internet. Here, in the below chart we can see the average broadband speed in various countries.

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Fig 1.4

4.2 Hardware:
Hardware implications are not quite serious implications to be thought of, because the main Hardware implication that we face to implement the 3D Internet is that the display device used to display the images are 2D in nature, but with the inclusion of the 3D internet there would be great difficulty to view the 3D objects in the 2D devices.

5 Solutions:
5.1 Speed
3G is the third generation of tele standards and technology for mobile networking. 3G networks are wide-area cellular telephone networks that evolved to incorporate high-speed Internet access and video telephony. It is expected that 3G will provide higher transmission rates: a minimum speed of 2Mbit/s and maximum of 14.4Mbit/s for stationary users, and 348 kbit/s in a moving vehicle.
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Hence, with the introduction of the 3G technology, the speed implications involved with the 3D Internet would be solved in the near future.

5.2 Hardware
Use of 3D goggles is one solution that can be employed to overcome the problem of the Hardware implications. As we know there are various range of 3D goggles available in the market, we can select from these wide variety of 3D goggles. And the cost of these goggles is even very less, so this prospect can be considered in the preliminary stages of the 3D Internet, later on these could be upgraded with the latest technologies which could be used to implement/ display the 3D data. Use of Vision Station as a monitor / display for the 3D Internet, Vision Station is a computer display technology developed by Elumens that provides 180 degrees of viewing angle for its users. Current computer screens have at most a 50-degree field of view and needs the user to move the controller in order to see the images that are not on the screen. This motion is unnatural because in the real world, users use their peripheral vision to see things beyond the direct line of sight. This new display technology will address this limitation of standard computer monitors.

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A user interacting with a PC using the 3D Goggles.fig 1.5

A user using a Vision Station to interact with the 3D world.fig 1.6

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6 Obstacles to Commercial Success in 3D Internet

Advertisers, marketers and organizations have yet to capitalize on the vast potential of the 3D Internet. Factors inhibiting the commercial usability of virtual worlds include:

The limited effectiveness of traditional media techniques such as fixedlocation billboards when applied to virtual worlds. In the 3D Internet, participants have complete control over where they go and what they do and can move their avatars instantly through virtual space. What is required is a means for making content readily available to people not only at specific points, but throughout virtual worlds.

Lack of an effective way for enabling people in virtual worlds to encounter commercial content that enhances their virtual experience. Because participants have a choice in whether to interact with an offering, it is essential that it be viewed as relevant and valuable to their particular goals in the 3D Internet.

An inconsistent means for enabling in-world participants to easily interact with and access video, rich multimedia, and Web content.

7 Applications of 3D Internet

7.1 Education
3D Internet can be used as a platform for education by many institutions, such as colleges, universities, libraries and government entities. There are subjects such as chemistry and English in which Instructors and researchers would favor 3D Internet because it is more personal than traditional distance learning.

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7.2 Religion
Religious organizations can make use of the 3D Internet to open virtual meeting places within specified locations.

7.3 Embassies
We could create embassies in 3D Internet, where visitors will be able to talk face-to-face with a computer-generated ambassador about visas, trade and other issues.

7.4 Live sport entertainment

Popular forms of live entertainment could also be placed into the 3D Internet. Many sports allow the users to watch or participate in many popular activities. Sporting leagues like Cricket, Football, Professional Wrestling, boxing, and auto racing could be placed in the 3D Internet for its users to play in the 3D environment.

7.5 Arts
The modeling in 3D Internet would allow the artists to create new forms of art, that in many ways are not possible in real life due to physical constraints or high associated costs. In 3D Internet artists could display their works to an audience across the world. This has created an entire artistic culture on its own where many residents who buy or build homes can shop for artwork to place there. Gallery openings even allow art patrons to "meet" and socialize with the artist responsible for the artwork and has even led to many real life sales. Live music performances could also be enabled in the 3D Internet.

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8 Conclusions 3D Internet, also known as virtual worlds, is a powerful new way for you to reach consumers, business customers, co-workers, partners, and students. It combines the immediacy of television, the versatile content of the Web, and the relationship-building strengths of social networking sites like Face book. Yet unlike the passive experience of television, the 3D Internet is inherently interactive and engaging. Virtual worlds provide immersive 3D experiences that replicate (and in some cases exceed) real life.

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9 References:
Websites:
http://www.activeworlds.com http://www.computer.howstuffworks.com http://www.web3event.com http://www.pcmag.com http://en.wikipedia.org http://secondlife.com

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