A.N.Dehury, A.K.Das,A.K.Pattnaik, U.Chattraj,P.Bhuyan,M.Panda / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com Vol.

3, Issue 3, May-Jun 2013, pp.402-408

Black Spot Analysis on NationalHighways

A.N.Dehury1, ,A.K.Das2,A.K.Pattnaik3 U.Chattraj4,P.Bhuyan5,M.Panda6
Post Graduate Student, 2Post Graduate Student ,3 Post Graduate Student 4Assistant Professor, 5 Assistant Professor 6Professor Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769 008, Orissa, India
1

Abstract
India is a developing country. Accident severity is increasing in increasing order due to increasing in vehicle population.Accident leads to disablement,death,damage to health and property,social suffering and general degradation of environment.The main cause of accidents are the driver,vehicle and road environment.Generally accidents occurs at intersection where low volume traffic mixes with high speed traffic.The location in a roadway where the traffic accident often occur is called a blackspot.A case study was taken on NH-55 of angul district in Orissa state.The main problems on this road are obstruction visibility,badshoulder,trees and poles on the shoulder.Thedefiencies were analysed to improve black spot

B.IDENTIFICATION OF BLACK SPOTS

It istheproceduretolocatethosespotsintheroadnet work thatareparticularlydangerous. Thisstudydealswiththeprocedureforidentificationof hazardouslocationsorblack spotsastheyareoftencalled.Theproceduredescribedi sbasedonrecordedaccidents,data aboutaccidents,trafficvolumesandvehiclekilometers. Othermethodsu s ed arefieldinvestigations,conflictstudies,questionnair esandinterviews,etc.Identification is a first step in improving road safety at a black spot. It has to be followed by diagnosis of the selected spots, finding countermeasures, estimating effects and costs, prioritizing, implementation and at last follow-up and evaluation. In India 5 lacs road accidents occurs every year and 1.5 lacspepole are killed. This is a great problem for our country as 3% GDP are lost financialy and many precious lives are lost.Accidents are not natural but human tragedy.Hence road safety is a major concern.In Orissa angul and keonjhargarh has the highest no of accident due to industries based on coal and iron respectively.Study stretch was taken from Angul to Bhushan steel plant as it is surrounded by no of heavy industries likeJindal,Nalco,Brg,Monnet,GaneshSponge,Navbha rat Ferro alloys,Gmretc.Accidentdatas were collected from police stations and analysed to study black spots.

KEY WORD-Accident Severity,NH-55,Black

Spot

A.INTRODUCTION
To minimize the no of crashes by any kind and severity expected to occur on the entity during a specific period is known as road safety. Accidentsandthefatalitiesonroadaretheresult ofinter-playofanumber offactors.Road usersinIndia are heterogeneous innature,rangingfrompedestrians,animaldrivencarts,bi-cycles, rickshaws,handcartsandtractor trolleys, tovarious categories oftwo/threewheelers,motor cars,buses,trucks,and multiaxlecommercialvehiclesetc., The vehicle population has been steadily increasing because ofchangeinthestyleofliving ofpeople. Increase invehiclepopulationwithlimitedroadspaceusedbya largevarietyofvehicleshasheightened theneedand urgencyforawellthought-out policy ontheissueofroad safety. InIndiatherate ofaccident isdirectly proportional togrowthofvehiclepopulation.

C.OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE OF THE WORK

The whole stretch was divided in to four stretches.The accident data collected for the last ten years and to derive improvement measures.The study objectives include, 1.Identification of suitable black spot 2.Ranking of the identified black spots 3.Detailed analysis of top ranked spots and suggestion of possible improvement BLACK SPOT IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS Study Stretch NH-55 passing through angul city was selected for this study as shown in fig 1.

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A.N.Dehury, A.K.Das,A.K.Pattnaik, U.Chattraj,P.Bhuyan,M.Panda / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com Vol. 3, Issue 3, May-Jun 2013, pp.402-408

Stretch 1 angul to turanga,of 5 Km length. Stretch 2 Turanga to CPP,of 5 Km length Stretch 3 CPP to Banarpal, of 5Km length Stretch 4 Banarpal to BhushanSteel,of 5 Km length

D.DATA COLLECTION Datas were collected from FIR index from police department during period 2002-2011. 1.Time and Date of occurrence of accidents 2.Location of accident. 3.Details of accident i.efatalities,injuries and property damage. Accident Frequency Method Accident Rate = Where M = Total no of Accidents of a stretch L = Length of Road Table 1 Accident Rate Name of stretch Length No of accidents in a year Sum of 10 year Accident rate Angul to Turanga(I) 5km 228 45.6 Turanga to CPP (II) 5km 208 41.6 CPP to Banarpal (III) 5km 26 5.2 Banarpal to Bhushan steel(IV) 5km 239 47.8

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A.N.Dehury, A.K.Das,A.K.Pattnaik, U.Chattraj,P.Bhuyan,M.Panda / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com Vol. 3, Issue 3, May-Jun 2013, pp.402-408
Table 2 Frequency Of Accident Distance of origin No of accidents (2002-2011) 0-5 6-10 11-15 16-20 Total 228 208 26 239 701 Frequency 32.5 29.6 3.7 34.1 100 Total frequency 32.5 62.1 65.8 100

From the Table 1 and 2 it is observed that frequency and rate of accident is more for stretch-4 followed by stretch-1,2,3 respectively

E BLACK SPOT ANALYSIS

The point where accident occurs frequently is known as black spot or accident point. Analysis is required for improving traffic environment.The details are shown in Figure 1-4 and Table 3-6

Fig 1Black Spot Points Stretch-1Source:Google Map

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A.N.Dehury, A.K.Das,A.K.Pattnaik, U.Chattraj,P.Bhuyan,M.Panda / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com Vol. 3, Issue 3, May-Jun 2013, pp.402-408
Table 3 Black Spot Analysis Stretch 1 ACCIDENT POINT DIVYAJYOTI TAKIES NOS 13 PROBLEMS X-UNSIGNALISED,10W GARRAGES,SIGHT DISTANCE OBSTRUCTION BY SHOPS OUNSIGNALISED,TRANSFORMER,2W SHOW ROOMS O-UNSIGNALISED, TAXISTAND, STALLS ON THE SHOULDER T ,TAXISTAND,VEGETABLE MARKET X-SIGNALISED,CINEMA HALL,2W GARRAGE,TREES AND POLES ON SHOULDER T,CINEMA HALL,TREES ON BLIND CORNER,TREES AND POLES ON SHOULDER, MAIN BUS STOP X-SIGNALISED,PAVED SHOULDER WITH NO MARKING,TRANSFORMER ON BLIND CORNER,ON STREET PARKING OF VEHICLES PAVED SHOULDER WITH NO MARKING,ON STREET PARKING T,PETROL PUMP,TRANSFORMER ON BLIND CORNER,SIGHT DISTANCE OBSTRUCTION ON STREET PARKING,MOTOR GARRAGES ON STREET PARKING,HOTEL VERANDAH SHOULDER ON STREET PARKING,VILLAGE AREA ON BOTH SIDE, BAD SHOULDER,TREES AND POLES ON SHOULDER T,VILLAGE AREA ON BOTH SIDE,SHOOL,SHRUBS ON SHOULDERS,TREES AND POLES ON SHOULDER,STEEP GRADIENT BAD SHOULDER,FRONT AREA OF PETROL PUMP DAMAGED PETROL PUMP,TAXI STAND.TREES AND POLES ON THE SHOULDER REMEDIES JUNCTION IMPROVEMENT,SIGHT DISTANCE VISIBILITY JUNCTIONIMPROVEMENT,CLEARA NCE OF OBSTRUCTION ON THESHOULDER, CLEARANCE OF OBSTRUCTION ON SHOULDER,SIGHT DISTANCE VISIBILITY CLEARANCE OF OBSTRUCTION ON SHOULDER,SIGHT DISTANCE VISIBILITY CLEARANCE OF OBSTRUCTION ON SHOULDER,SIGHT DISTANCE VISIBILITY CLEARANCE OF OBSTRUCTION ON SHOULDER,SIGHT DISTANCE VISIBILITY CLEARANCE OF OBSTRUCTION ON SHOULDER,SIGHT DISTANCE VISIBILITY

BAZAR CHOWK

BUDHI THAKURANI

SBI ANGUL

TRAFFIC CHOWK

15

KANCHAN TALKIES

10

RAZ HOTEL

16

POLICE TRAINING CENTER CALTEX

20 11

FCI DURGA HOTEL TURANGA

7 7 21

INSTALLATION OF SPEED BREAKERS,MARKING JUNCTION IMPROVEMENT, CLEARANCE OF OBSTRUCTION ON SHOULDER CLEARANCE OF OBSTRUCTION ON SHOULDER CLEARANCE OF OBSTRUCTION ON SHOULDER INSTALLATION OF SPEED BREAKERS, CLEARANCE OF OBSTRUCTION ON SHOULDER INSTALLATION OF SPEED BREAKERS, CLEARANCE OF OBSTRUCTION ON SHOULDER SHOULDER MAINTAINACE,PETOL PUMP FRONT SHOULD BE REPAIRED CLEARANCE OF OBSTRUCTION ON SHOULDER

KANDSOR

43

KARGIL PUMP

SAHID

PETROL

15

SBI KANDSOR

20

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Fig 2 Black Spot Points Stretch-2 Table 4 Black Spot Analysis Stretch 2 ACCIDENT POINT NOS NALCO GATE 10

NALCO MARKET

14

TULSI DHABA

SMELTER GATE

15

FCI CHHAK

10

KULAD CHHAK KULAD

6 14

PROBLEMS T,VEGETABLE AND BETLE SHOP ON SHOULDER,BUS STOP VEHICLE PARKING ON SHOULDER,TREES AND POLES ON SHOULDER MEAT AND FISH SHOP ON THE SHOULDER,OLD TREES ON THE SHOULDER O,MEDIAN WITHOUT SIGN ON THE ROAD,TEMPLE ON THE SHOULDER,TREES ON THE SHOULDER T,WINE OUTLET,UNPAINTED MEDIAN,TREES ON SHOULDER T,UNPAINTED MEDIAN, VILLAGE AREA ON BOTH SIDE, GODOWN,PLANTS ON SHOULDER

REMEDIES CLEARANCE OF ROAD SIDE,SPEED RESTRICTION CLEARANCE OF ROAD SIDE

DISCOURAGEMENT OF FISH AND MEAT SHOP ON THE SHOULDER,TREES SHOULDE BE REMOVED MEDIANS TO BE PAINTED, OBSTACLE ON THE ROAD SHOULD BE REMOVED

MEDIAN TO BE PAINTED,JUNCTION IMPROVEMENT JUNCTION IMPROVEMENT, SPEED RESTICTION,SHOULDER IMPROVEMENT

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Fig 3 Black Spot Points Stretch-3 Table 5 Black Spot Analysis Stretch ACCIDENT POINT NOS BONDA 10 BANARPAL HATA 15

PROBLEMS Y,STEEP GRADIENT TREES ON SHOULDER,EDGEDROP BAD SHOULDER

JAGANATH TEMPLE

REMEDIES SPEED RESTICTION,JUNCTION IMPROVEMENT ROAD MAINTAINANCE,SHOULDER MAINTAINANCE SHOULDER MAINTAINANCE

Fig 4Black Spot Points Stretch 4 Table 6 Black Spot Analysis Stretch 4 ACCIDENT POINT NOS PROBLEMS BANARPAL CHOWK 24 T,ON ROAD BUS STOP,AUTO AND TAXI STAND,TREES ON EDGE,SHOP VERANDAH ON SHOULDER,SHOULDER PONDING GANESH BAZAR 11 PETROL PUMP,BETEL AND

REMEDIES SEPARATE BUS STOP,SHOULDER OBSTRUCTION CLEARANCE AND MAINTAINANCE,JUNCTION IMPROVEMENT ROAD SIDE

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TEASHOP ON SHOULDER,SHOULDER PONDING BY DRAIN WATER,HEAVY MACHINARY GARRAGE CINEMA HALL,SHOULDER DROP OFF,OLD GIRTH TREE BRANCHES MOTOR SHOW ROOM,DHABAS,SHOUDER PONDING BY DRAIN DHABA,VILLAGE AREA BOTH SIDE,CHICKEN CENTER,MEAT AND TEASHOP ON SHOULDER,CURVE SIGHT DISTANCE OBSTRUCTED BY OLD AND DEAD TREES DITCHES ON SHOULDER,CURVES SIGHT DISTANCE OBSTRUCTED BY TREES,SHOULDER COVERED BY GRASS AND SHURBS,MOTOR GARRAGE,STEEP VERTICAL CURVE CLEARANCE,MAINTAINANCE SHOULDER OF

ASHA TAKIES

SANTRI CHHAK

21

NUAHATA

44

VISIBILITY BY CUTTING OLD TREE BRANCHES,SHOULDER MAINTAINANCE OFF STREET PARKING FACILITY,SHOULDER MAINTAINANCE CURVE SIGHT DISTANCE VISIBILITY.SHOULDER MAINTAINACE,SPEED RESTRICTION,OFF STREET PARKING FACILITY SHOULDER MAINTAINANCE,SIGHT DISTANCE VISIBILITY NEAR CURVES,OFF STREET FACILITY

JORGADIA

32

F.CONCLUSIONS RECOMMENDATIONS

AND
2.

(1)Stretch IV has the highest no of accidents which accounts for 34.1% of total accidents .The accident rate can be decreased by road side clearance, proper maintenance of shoulders, lighting, and junction improvement. Speed limit should be brought down by providing humps near accident spots. Sight distance near curves should be obstruction free. (2)Stretch I has the second highest no of accidents accounts for 32.5% of total accident. The accident rate can be reduced by providing signalized junction, junction improvement, shoulder clearance, installation of humps, shifting of poles , removal of trees near the edge of pavement etc. (3)No of accidents in stretch II accounts for 29.6% of total accidents. The accident rate can be minimized by clearing-off shoulders, reducing speed limit, junction improvement, providing signals on the median, removing structures on the shoulder. (4)Stretch III has minimum no of accidents accounts for 3.7% of total accidents. speed limit reduction near junction should be reduced to prevent accidents. REFERENCES 1. Hiselius(2004)Estimatingtherelationshipb etweenaccidentfrequencyandhomogeneous

andinhomogeneoustrafficflows ,AccidentAnalysisandPrevention vol.36pp.985992 Ivan et al.(2000) Explaining two-lane highway crash rates using land use and hourly exposure ,Accident Analysis and Prevention Vol.32 pp. 787795 Hiselius(2004)Estimatingtherelationshipb etweenaccidentfrequencyandhomogeneous andinhomogeneoustrafficflows ,AccidentAnalysisandPrevention vol.36pp.985992 Golob et al.(2004)Freewaysafetyasafunctionoftraffi cflow,AccidentAnalysisandPrevention Vol.36pp.933946

3.

4.

Author Details A.N.Dehuri(P.G scholar)2013 NIT Rourkela(Transportation)

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