2009 July
2009 July
2009 July
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012
uGefysLwm*sme,f
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012
2009 ckEpS ?f Zlvidk v
f ? trSwf 185
60 uGefysLwmawGxJrSm data
awGudk wpfûyid ef uf
ukid w
f ,
G Ef idk zf Ydk Sync City
uGeyf sLwm oifcef;pm
66 Reader's stie
131
68 vufyaf wmh uGeyf sLwm\ Download #Dum
wpfacwfqef;csdef
135
80 vufyfawmhuGefysLwmrsm;&JU
Photoshop Tutorial
tm;omcsuf? tm;enf;csuf
Tech News
Forbes wd k Y u d k v nf ; urf ;
Tech News
Hardware
iron" vdkY ac:qdk orkwfaeMu
tvGev
f yS qef;opfwhJ NEC &JU armfew
D m Office 2007
SP2 udpö
rMumao;cifuyJ NEC ukrÜPDu 43 vufrt&G,ftpm;&SdwJh Curved Monitor wpfrsKd;
toHk;jyKolawGqDudk Of-
xkwfvkyfa&mif;csawmhr,fvdkY aMunmcJhw,f/ nTef;qdkcsufeJYtnD armfeDwm&JUtrnfudk CRV 43
fice 2007 service Pack 2
vdkY trnfay;vkdufw,f/ tauG;yHkoP²mefwnfaqmufxm;wmjzpfwJhtwGuf
(SP2) pwif aqmif&GufaejyD
ultra-wide-screen display vdkYvnf; ac:wGifap
vdkY Microsoft u owif;pm
w,f/ Native resolution 2880
&Si;f vif;yGw
J pfcrk mS ajymMum;cJh
x 900 &SdjyD; response time u
w,f/ Office 2007 SP2 rSm
2ms jzpf w ,f / LED back
ODF (open document for-
lighting pD p Of a y;xm;w,f /
mat) twGuf yHyh ;kd xm;csuaf wG
*drf;upm;vdkwJholawGtwGuf
ygvmrSmjzpfw,f/ Open-
awmh tvGeo f a&usp&m aumif;
source qdkwJh Open Office
wJh armfeDwm jzpfaeapw,f/
productivity suite toHk;jyK
'gayrJh owfrSwf a&mif;csr,fh aps;uawmh
xm;wJh document awGudkyg
7999 a':vmvdkY azmfjyxm;wm awGY&yg
tjyeftvSef oHk;cGifhay;vkduf
w,f/
w,f/ 'ghtjyif Office 2007
SP2 rS m tD ; ar;vf & J U pG r f ;
aqmifcsufawGudkvnf; wdk;
Google &JU Android oHk;r,fh Acer tpDtpOf jr§ i f h a y;vk d u f w ,f v d k Y od &
Acer ukrP Ü x
D w
k f netbook uGeyf sLwmawGrmS Google Inc ukrP Ü MD uD;&JU Android operating w,f/ Uninstall service
system udk toifhxnfhjyD; xkwfzdkY tpDtpOf&SdaMumif; od&w,f/ 0,f,ltoHk;jyKoltaeeJYWin- packs awGvnf; xnfhay;
dows tpm; Android udk oHk;vdkolawGtwGuf tcGifhtvrf; ay;vkdufwmvdkY qdkw,f/ 'gudk vkdufw,f/ SPI xGufjyD;wJh
tajcjyKjyD; aemiftcg rdkbkdif;vfuGefysLwmawGrSm Android udk oHk;pGJvmapr,fh taetxm; jzpf aemufyidk ;f aESmif, h u
S rf aI Mumifh
oGm;apEkdifw,f/ Acer u urÇmhwwd,tMuD;qHk; uGefysLwmxkwfvkyfol jzpfw,f/ Android awGYMuHKvm&wJh tcuftcJawG
qdkwmuvnf; rlvu rdkbkdif;vfzkef;awGtwGuf toHk;jyKzdkY Google u jzefYcsdcJhwm jzpfw,f/ udk jyKjyifay;Ekdifr,fhaqmhzf0J
Acer ukrÜPDu tMuD;wef;t&m&Sdjzpfol Jim Wong awGvnf; yg&Sdw,f/
&JU tqdkt& netbook awGu t"dutm;jzifh tifwm
euf toHk;jyKEkdifzdkY aps;EIef;csKdomjyD; ayghayghyg;yg;
ao;ao;i,fi,fjzpfzYkd xGuaf y:vmwmjzpfwt hJ wGuf
tcrJh&EkdifwJh operating system qdk&if ydkjyD; aps;EIef;
uGefysLwm*sme,f
csKdomwJh netbook tjzpf ta&mif;oGufEkdifrSm jzpf
w,fvYkd ,lqaMumif; computex jyyGMJ uD;rSm ajymMum;
oGm;cJhw,f/
trSwf 197 (c)?
Browser rygwJh Windows 7 yxrxyf? 33 vrf;
Oa&myEkid if aH wGtwGuf jzefYcsrd ,fh Windows 7 rSm Internet Explorer rygawmhr,ft h aMumif; (txufbavmuf)?
rMumao;rDu owif;xkwjf yefomG ;cJw h ,f/ European Competition rule t& >cif;csufeYJ aqmif ausmufwHwm;ûrdUe,f?
&GufcJhwmjzpfjyD; Oa&myaps;uGufrSmwif Microsoft taeeJY ,l½dkaiGoef;aygif; 899 oef;avmuf &efukefûrdU/
&Ekid w
f mjzpfwt hJ wGuf 'Dvt kd pDtpOfrsKd;vky&f wmvdYk od&w,f/ Oa&myEkid if u
H yDpxD wk v
f yk af &mif;cs zkef;-387305
olawGtwGuf ydkjyD;tqifajyvG,fuloGm;aprSmjzpfjyD; Oa&myEkdifiHaps;uGuftwGuf Windows 7
udv
k nf; urÇmah ps;uGupf wifjzefYcsrd ,fh atmufwb kd mv 22 &ufrmS yJ wpfjydKifeufcsay;rSmjzpfw,f/
u txl; aqmif&Guf
IDCS oifwef; ynmoifqk cs;D jri§ yhf JG
MCC
xm;wJh OJT tpDtpOfeJY ywf
oufvdkY &Sif;jyygw,f/ &Sif;
jrefrmhuGefysLwm ukrÜPD vif; ajymMum;rIrsm;tjyD;rSm
vDrw d uf (MCC) rS usi;f ywJh 2009 ckESpf ynmoifqk tpD
]]ausmif;om;? ausmif;olrsm; tpOf t & t&nf t csif ;
tm; usyf 177 odef; wefzdk;&dS tvdu k f &&dw
S hJ ynmoifqrk sm;
aom IDCS oifwef; ynm tm; ay;tyfcsD;jr§ifhcJhygw,f/
oifqkcsD;jr§ifhay;tyfyGJ}} tcrf; &Sif;vif;yGJeJY qkay;yGJtjyD;rSm
tem;udk 2009 ckESpf ZGefv pme,f Z if ; orm;rsm;tm;
5 &uf eHeuf 9 em&Du As- tpnf;ta0;cef;rrSm oD;oefY
sembly Hall eJY tpnf;ta0; awGUqHkum od&dSvdkwJhtcsuf
cef;r (MCC) ? odrfMuD;aps; rsm;udk ajzMum;cJhygw,f/
(pD) ½Hk? wwd,xyf? a&Twd*Hk tcsuftvuf tao;
bk & m;vrf ; ? &ef u k e f j rd K UrS m pdwfudk odvdkygu Myanmar
usif;ycJhygw,f/ tcrf;tem; Levels odkYr[kwf Form 12 nal IT Qualification Pro- Computer Co.,Ltd. (MCC)?
rS m MCC Group, CEO atmifjrif&ygr,f/ gram taMumif;udk &Sif;vif; odrfMuD;aps; (pD) ½Hk? wwd,
a':acsmcifcifu EIwcf eG ;f quf MCC Group, COO ajymMum;ygw,f/ qufvuf xyf ? a&T w d * H k b k & m;vrf ; ?
tzGit hf rSmpum; ajymMum;cJyh g OD;jidr;f OD;uvnf; MCC Tra- í MCC SoftSys GM &efukefjrdKU? zkef;-245758?
w,f/ wpfqufwnf;rSmyJ ining Institute wGif zGifhvSpf OD;rif;xG#Of ;D u IDCS ausmif; 245762 odkY qufoG,f pHkprf;
&wemyHk enf;ynmjrdKUopfwiG f oifMum;ay;r,fh Internatio- ol ausmif;om;rsm;twGuf Edkifygw,f/
zGifhvSpfrnfh MCC Training
Institite taMumif;udkvnf;
&S i f ; vif ; wif j ycJ h y gw,f / Today Publishing &JU vufaqmif
MCC Training Institute
wGif EdkifiHwumtqifhrD uGef wla';pmtkywf u
kd rf S xkwaf 0vsu&f aSd om Lifestyle r*¾Zif;eJY PC World Myanmar uGeyf sLwm
ysLwm 'DyvdkrmeJY 'D*&D oif r*¾Zif;udk tpOfwpdkuf zwf½Itm;ay;cJhwJh pmzwfy&dowftm; aus;Zl;wHkYjyefaomtm;jzifh
wef;rsm; oifMum;jcif; tpD vufaqmifcsD;jr§ifh ay;tyfyGJudk 2009 ckESpf arv 23 &ufaeYu Today Publishing House
tpOfudk &Sif;jyygw,f/ ¤if; Ltd wnf&dS&m uef&dyfrGeftdrf&mrSm usif;ycJhygw,f/ tqdkyg tcrf;tem;rSm uHxl;olrsm;jzpfMuwJh
onf 3 ESpfoifwef;jzpfjyD; &efuif;jrdKUe,fwGif aexdkifol OD;rif;aqG? AdkvfwaxmifjrdKUe,fwGif aexdkifol a':acsmuvsmeJY
yxrESpftqifhtwGuf (ID- awmifOuúvmjrdKUe,fwGif aexdkifol a':jrwfyGifhat;wdkYtm; PC World Myanmar tkyfcsKyfrI
CS) Diploma? 'kwd,ESpf t,f'Dwm OD;rdk;oJu NOKIA 1950 Handset, SONY DVD vufaqmifrsm; ay;tyfygw,f/
tqift h wGuf (IADCS) Di- PC World Myanmar uGefysLwm
ploma eJY wwd,ESpftqifh r*¾Zif;onf tar&duefEdkifiH&dS Inter-
aemufqHk;ESpftwGuf B.Sc national Data Group (IDG) rS w&m;0if
(Hons:) Degree Course vdik pf if,u
l m jrefrmEdik if t
H wGuf rlyikd cf iG ehf YJ
oif w ef ; rsm; jzpf y gw,f / xkwfa0aewJh tdkifwDr*¾Zif; jzpfygw,f/
tqdyk goifwef;udk ESpt f vdu
k f 1995 ckESpf azazmf0g&Dvu pwif xkwf
pmar;yGaJ tmifjrifro
S m aemuf a0cJhygw,f/ ¤if;twGuf wpfESpfpm MudK
wpf qifh quf vuf wuf wif aiGay;oGif;EdkifjyD; &efukefjrdKUeJY
a&mufEdkifygr,f/ oifwef; rEÅav;jrdKUwGif;rSm ydkYctcrJhjzifh tdrfwdkif
wufa&muf&ef wuúodkvf0if &ma&muf ydkYay;ygw,f/
wef; odkYr[kwf GCE "O"
uGefysLwmtaxGaxG
Graphics Cards
a&G;MunfhMupdkY
yDpu
D eG yf sLwmawGu pD;yGm;aqmif&u
G rf u
I pd aö wGtwGuf functional machine taeeJY vHk;0yDjyifpGm
vkyfaqmifEdkifzdkYutp azsmfajza&;eJY tyef;ajza&;twGuf jrefqefoGufvufpGm vkyfay;EdkifzdkYtxd
t&nftcsif;awGukd wjznf;jznf; wef;jri§ , hf cl w
hJ t
hJ avsmuf graphics performance &JU tcef;u@u
t&ifuxuf ydkjyD; ta&;MuD;vm&w,f/ wpfenf;ajym&&if *&yfzpfpGrf;aqmif&nfudk wpfESpfxufwpfESpf
awmif;cHvmrIawG ydkrsm;vmw,f/
yDpw
D pfv;kH udk wnfaqmufwt hJ cgrSm udk tav;xm;ay;&ovdk toH t&nf 0rf ; enf ; p&maumif ; wmu 'D v d k
azsmfajza&;udpt ö wGuf vdktyfcsufawGudk taoG;udkvnf; wwfEdkifoavmuf jr§ihf t&nftaoG;awG? t&nftcsif;awG jrifh
b,favmuftxd jznfhqnf;ay;rEdkifvJ wifay;&r,fqdkwmudk em;vnfxm;Mu vmjyDqdk&if a&mif;cswJh aps;EIef;awGu
qdkwmudk tajccHjyD; 'DZdkif;jyKvkyfMuwJh w,f/ Alienware eJY Commondore wdYk vnf; [D;wufvmwwfw,f/ yDpw D pfv;kH
txd jzpfaeMuw,f/ xkwfvkyfol trsm; qdk&if *drf;upm;olrsm;udk pyg,f&S,f twGuf a':vm 3000 avmuf jzKef;wD;
pku a&mif;uGufaumif;apr,fh 0,f,l OD;wnfcsux f m;jyD; xkwv
f yk f a&mif;csavh EdkifzdkYqdkwm awmf½Hkwef½Hk 0,f,l oHk;pGJol
toH;k jyKolawGtwGuf AD', D tkd &nftaoG; &Sdw,f/ twGuf vufwGefYp&m jzpfMu&w,f/
w,f/ b,fvdkyJjzpfjzpf graphic cards ay: *dr;f awGeYJ yDoMunfjrwJh AD', D kd ½ky&f iS f
udk xnfhoGif;wnfaqmufzdkY rvGJraoG awGMunfhzdkY 512 MB u tmrcHcsuf
vdkvmjyDqdk&if graphics card aumif; tjynfh &Sdaejyefw,f/ *drf;uvGJvdkY rpOf;
aumif;qdkwJh t"dyÜm,fawGudk cGJjcm; od pm;bl;qdkwJh olawGu ATI Crossfire
xm;zdkYvdkaeygvdrhfr,f/ 'DtwGuf aemuf graphics wpfpHkpmtjzpf setup vkyfxm;
qHk;ay: ATI eJY nVidia wdkY&JU tajcjyK wJh dual card jzpfjzpf? nVidia &JU SLI
yHkpHudk,ljyD; wnfaqmufxm;wJh graph- duo udkjzpfjzpf? oHk;vdkMuwJhtjyif me-
ics cards 12 rsKd;udk prf;oyfMunfhjyD; mory yrmPudk 1GB txd&r dS mS ydak umif;
wifjyp&m jzpfvm&w,f/ r,fvdkY ,HkMunfMuw,f/
yxrqHk; rdrdwdkY em;vnfxm;zdkYu Multiple Cards awGudk oHk;wJhtcg
rdrdwdkY toHk;jyKxm;wJh rm;om;bkwfu olwdkY&JU 'DZdkif;qdkwmu pum;ajymvmjyef
b,fvdkarmf',feJY? b,fvdk tajctae ygw,f/ Cards tm;vHk;udk rm;om;bkwf
rsKd;eJY cGifhjyKxm;ay;w,fqdkwmyJ jzpf ay:rSm fan aMumifhjzpfjzpf? heatsink
w,f/ wcsKUd u ATI tajcjyKudk cGijhf yKxm; awGaMumifhjzpfjzpf rvGwfrvyf twm;
jyD; wcsKdUu nVidia tajcjyKudkom cGifhjyK tqD; r&SdbJ ,SOfjyD; wyfqifEdkif&ygvdrhf
w,f qdkwmawG &Sdaewwfw,f/ Card r,f/ Graphic Cards wdkif;u tvkyf
qdw k meJY PCI Express slot xJukd xnfjh yD; vkyw f meJYtrQ tylxw k v f w T rf aI wG &Sad erSm
wyf&vdrhfr,f/ jyD;&if 'D card twGuf jzpfw,f/ 'DtylawGukd xdxad &mufa&muf
oD;jcm; fan wpfcv k rkd mS vm;? toifh ygjyD; qGxJ wk yf pfEikd zf Ykd vw
kd ,f/ 'DtcgrSm tat;
om;vm;qdkwmudk odxm;MurSm jzpfovdk ay;pepfaMumifh toHqlnHrI jzpfvm&if
power supply twGuf ydkjyD; awmif;qdk *drf;upm;wJhtcgjzpfjzpf? ½kyf&SifMunfhwJh
vmwm &Sdr&Sdudk odxm;&ygr,f/ aemuf tcgjzpfjzpf t&omysufEdkifw,f/
wpfcsufu rdrdvdktyfcsufu aps;EIef; csKd rm;om;bkwfay:udk qufoG,f wyf
Index csKdomomeJY oifhwifh aumif;rGefwJhtqifh qifwJhtcg 6 pin connector vm;? 8
*&yfzpfuwf a&G;MunfMh upkYd 26 udk vdkvm;wmvm;? *drf;upm;wmwdkY AD'D pin connector vm; qdkwmvnf; ta&;
,dk wnf;jzwfrI vkyfzdkYtqifhudk awmifhw MuD;w,f/ rwlnD&if adaptor xnfhoHk;
b,fvkdprf;oyfcJhvJ 28 wmvm;qdw k m jywfjywfom;om; qH;k jzwf &r,fhudef; qdkufoGm;Edkifw,f/
a':vm 220a tmuf 30 jyD; jzpfae&ygr,f/ High-end cards trsm;pku real-
*&yfzpfuwfrsm; 'ghtjyif TV tuner twGuf xnfh istic 3D udk ay;tyfEi dk pf rG ;f &Sw
d ,f/ 'gayrJh
a':vm 220 txuf 33 pOf;pm;rIvnf; &SdEdkifw,f/ Graphics 'gu *&yfzpfvkyfief;orm;eJY 3D games
*&yfzpfuwfrsm; cards awmfawmfrsm;rsm;u ½kyjf rifoMH um; awGudk tvdk&SdrSom vdktyfwm jzpfw,f/
MunhfEdkifwJhtqifhudk yHhydk; aqmif&Gufxm; b,fvdkyifajymajym tzGJUtpnf; awmf
ay;avh &SdMuw,f/ Free-to-air digital awmfrsm;rsm;u 3D graphics &JU tusKd;
TV channels udk MunfhzdkY tcGifhtvrf; qufukd toH;k csapzdYk wGe;f tm;awG vkyaf e
&SdoGm;apw,f/ wcsKdUuvnf; rdrd xnfh Muw,f/ nVidia u 3D Vision Card
uHaumif;p&m jzpfvm&wmu rdrw d Ykd oH;k r,fh card twGuf HD video yHyh ;kd rIukd vdkYqdkjyD; 'DZdkif;vkyfcJhw,f/ Samsung/
&JU yHkazmfrsufESmjyifay:rSm wpfrl xl;jcm; awmifhwaumif; awmifhwMuvdrhfr,f/ Viewsonic/LG tygt0if xkwfvkyfol
avmufatmif aumif;p&mrsK;d rawmifw h cJh wcsKdUuawmh Blu-ray video decoding wcsKdUuawmh 3D imagery udk jyefxkwf
bl;qdk&if toHk;csEdkifzdkY integrated gra- ygapcsifMurSm jzpfw,f/ ay;Edkifr,fh screens awGudk xkwfvkyfae
phics avmufeYJ auseyfr& I apEdik Mf uw,f/ wpfcg Graphics Memory yrmP MujyD; jzpfw,f/ 'Dvkd nVidia 3D Vision
'DvdkyJ stanadlone graphics card wpfck udkvnf; wwfEdkifoavmuf arQmfrSef;jyD; udk tajccHjyD; yDpDarmfeDwmawGeJY graph-
udk aps;EIe;f csKcd sKo
d momeJY 0,f,&l &SEd ikd rf ,fh 0,fMuwmrsKd;vnf; &Sdw,f/ 256 MB ics cards awG rMumcif qufwdkuf xGuf
tcGihftvrf;awGvnf; &SdvmcJh&jyefyg xuf enf;jyD; rvdkcsifMubl;/ aemufqHk; vmvdrhfr,fvdkY arQmfrSef;xm;Muw,f/
aps;EIef;udpö tomxm;jyD; b,fvdk tawGUtMuHKt& wcsKdU aps;vSyg b,favmufeYJrS jzpfr,fqw kd mvnf; &SEd ikd f
vdkufavsmnDaxG jzpfw,f/ Memory w,fqdkwJh cards awGyif *drf;u awmif; w,f/ tenf;qHk;tqifhtaeeJY Vista &JU
yrmP b,favmuf&Sdw,f/ Framerate qdv
k morQukd jznfq h nf;zdYk tawmf tcuf awmif;cHrw I Ykd? DirectX 10.0 awmif;cHrw I Ykd
b,favmufxw k af y;Edik w
f ,f/ wpfpuúeYf tcJ &Sdaewwfw,f/ pGrf;aqmif&nf qdk udk ½IjrifEdkifygvdrhfr,f/
rSm xkwfvkyfay;r,fh pixels u b,f wmxuf xkwfvTwfrIqdkwmudk tav; tJ'Dawmh graphics cards awGudk
avmuf&Sdw,f/ Screen ay:rSm tm½Hkpdkuf ay;&wJh udprö sKd;udk qdkvdkwm jzpfw,f/ a&G;Munfq h w kd ahJ e&mrSm lighting wdYk ? sha-
aeoltwGuf t&omrysuf vkyif ef;pOfukd Graphics Cards awGuvnf; rdrd de engine wd k Y e J Y wjcm; txif M uD ;
tqifajyajy b,favmuftxd vkyfay; uGeyf sLwmtpdwt f ydik ;f awG&UJ jznfq
h nf; avmufp&m features awGudk azmfjyavh
EdkifrSmvJ povdk pOf;pm; qHk;jzwfp&mawG rIudk awmif;cHwmrsKd;vnf; &SdEdkifygw,f/ &Sw
d ,f/ 'gayrJh wu,fwrf; qdn k eT ;f csuf
&SdaerSm jzpfw,f/ vIyf&Sm;rIwdkif;twGuf 'DtwGuf rdrduGefysLwmu dual-core qdk eJY nDrnDudkawmh vufawGU prf;oyfjyD;rS
24 fps vdjk yD; camcorder awGeYJ vdu k zf uf wmudk tenf;qHk;taetxm;eJY awmif;cH om odEdkifrSm jzpfw,f/
nDzdkY 30 fps vdkw,f/ vmw,f/ RAM udkvnf; tedrhfqHk;
b,fvdk prf;oyfcJhovJ
rQrQww EIdif;,SOfrIwpf&yfjzpfapzdkYtwGuf graphics cards 12 rsKd;vHk;udk prf;oyfpuf wpfvHk;wnf;ay:rSmyJwifjyD; Munfh½I
ppfaq;,lcJhw,f/ prf;oyfcsuf trsm;pku *drf;awGudk rSDjirf;jyD; fraps benchmarking aqmhzf0JawGudk toHk;jyKcJhw,f/
Resolution (1280 x 768/800) (1680 x 1050) eJY (1920 x 1200) wdYk rmS &SEd ikd rf ,fh *&yfzpfuwfwpfcpk &D UJ t&nftcsif;udk
prf;oyf,lw,f/ 'D[mawG tm;vHk;u yDpDarmfeDwmawGrSm toHk;jyKavh&SdwJh standard resolution awGyJ jzpfw,f/
*drf; 4 rsKd;eJYtwl graphics card wpfckcsif;&JU
pGrf;aqmif&nfrSwfwrf;awGudk aumuf,lcJhw,f/
*drf;awGu Left 4 Dead/FarCry 2/ World in
Conflict/Crysis Warhead wdkY jzpfw,f/ Main
Graphic card drive ay:rSm High Quality Setting
udk toHk;jyKcJhw,f/ Cards tm;vHk;rS setting
twlwleJY toHk;jyKMunfhcJhw,f/ tm;vHk;udk 4 x anti-
aliasing eJY 16 x anisotropic filtering wdkYeJY
prf;oyfcJhw,f/ Anti-aliasing jrifhrm;rIu
rdrdaemufqHk; tqHk;tjzwftwGuf b,favmuf
tajymif;tvJjrefaeovJqdkwm tajzxkwfay;w,f/
Graphics Cards wpfckcsif;rSm vnfywfwJhtcsdef
xGufvmwJh toHtaetxm;udkvnf;
rSwfwrf;jyKpkMunfhw,f/ txl;ojzifh Crysis *drf;eJY
prf;oyfwJhtcsdefrSm &SdaewJh toHtaetxm;u
pum;ajymvmcJhw,f/ 'DtwGuf prf;oyfzdkY digital
sound-level rDwmudk toHk;jyKcJhw,f/ 'gayrJh
wu,fwrf; ppfaq;Munfh½IwJhtcg
wnfaqmufxm;wJh t&nftaoG;eJY features
awGtjyif aps;EIef;eJYyg csdefpuf,l&w,f/ Multi-
card configuration udk yHhydk;Edkifovm;? adaptor
awG vdktyfao;ovm;povkd
factors awGvnf; xnfhpOf;pm;,l&w,f/
aps;EIe;f csKo
d mwJh DDR udo k m toH;k jyK tqH;k tjzwf
xm;wm xif&Sm;aew,f/ Media PC wpf c k t aeeJ Y wnf
550 MHz core eJ Y 400 MHz aqmufzdkYvdkY pdwful;xm;&ifawmh vkyfEdkif
memory clock wdYkeYJtwl 128 bits bus pGrf;&SdwJh graphics card jzpfw,f/ AD'D,dk
qdkwmaMumifh wjcm; graphics card twGuf tmrcHcsufawmh ay;Edkifygvdrhf
awG&UJ memory bandwidth udk rrDapEdik f r,f/
awmhay/ Radeon HD 4670 eJY EIdif;pm
Munfh&ifyif bandwidth u oHk;yHk wpfyHk SAPPHIRE RADEON
avmufyJ &Sdaeapw,f/ Stream Proc- HD 4670 GDDR4
essors awGuawmh tvQHy,frsm;aerSm 110 a':vm
r[kwfay/ Radeon HD 4670 taeeJY yefum
9400 GT taeeJY game framerates tMuD;MuD;ygwJhtwGuf wjcm; cards awG
awGrmS toift h wifh vkyu f ikd Ef ikd wf mxuf eJY obm0uGmjcm;rIawG &Sad ecJwh ,f/ toH
rydak y/ Games twGuo f m oH;k r,fq&kd if qlnHrItqihfwpfckudk tjrihfqHk; tat;
wJh graphics card wpfcktaeeJY speed xnf h p Of ; pm;&r,f h graphics tjzpf "mwfjyKay;jcif;eJYtwl odkodkodyfodyf &Sd
qdkwJhudpu ö tav;xm;p&m r[kwfay/ todtrSwjf yKEdik v f rd rfh ,f r[kwv f Ykd ajym& oGm;apw,f/ 'DtwGuf prf;oyfppfaq;cJh
vkyEf ikd yf gw,f? udik Ef ikd yf gw,fqw
kd mxuf rSm jzpfw,f/ wJh cards ajcmufrsKd;teuf toHqlnHrI
rydkEdkifawmhay/ GDDR variety xuf toufomqH;k vdYk qd&k ygvdrrfh ,f/ Crysis
1280 x 800 resolution twGuf framerate (1), 1680 x 1050 resolution twGuf framerate (2),1920 x 1200 resolution twGuf
framerate (3), (4 x anti-aliasing + 16 x anisctripic filtimg)
uGefysLwmtaxGaxG
avmuftqif&h jdS yD; a[mif;EGr;f aewJh enf; aeMuygw,f/ 'Dypönf;awG vHk;0 oHk;r& p&m rvdyk gbl;/ Oyrm qJvzf ek ;f xJrmS ygwJh
ynm&yfygyJ/ 'gayrJh uReaf wmfwYkdrmS &So d ifh awmhwJh tcsdefra&mufrD umvav;udk bufx&D[m tm;ukefoGm;&if jyefvnf
wJ?h r&Sad o;wJh vdt k yfcsuw f pf&yfjzpf&r,f pGefYrypfbJ xdef;odrf;xm;zdkY MudK;pm;aeyg toH;k jyKEkid w f hJ oHowåKeJY tvlreD , D oH wåK
vdkY xkwfvkyfolawGu arQmfvifhxm;yg w,f/ rdrdu toHk;rvdkawmh&if tjcm; wdYk ukd &&SEd idk yf gw,f/ tjcm;yg0ifwhJ wir-
w,f/ tJ'Dawmh ar;p&mar;cGef;awG ay: tokH;vkdwJhae&mawGudk ay;vªMuzdkY MudK; ing board ESifh LCD screen wdkYrSm a&T?
vmygw,f/ iPhone wdYk ? iBook wdYk xuf pm;aeygw,f/ 'grSr[kwf avQmhaps;eJY aiGESifh aMu;owåKrsm;udk &&SdEkdifygw,f/
apmjyD; vdt k yfwyhJ pön;f wpfcak wmh[w k jf yD/ a&mif;cszdkY MudK;pm;aeygw,f/ 'gaMumifh urÇmhEkdifiHMuD;rsm;u xkwfvkyf
'gjzifh&if 'Dypönf;awGu wpfcsdefuawmh odYkaomfvnf; 'DpeG Yfypfypön;f jyóem wJhypönf;udk ta[mif;jzpfoGm;&if jyef
toHk;0ifcJhw,f/ vdktyfcJhw,f/ ]]tck udk 'DZkdif;jyóemtjzpf zefwD;Ekdif&ifa&m vnfpak qmif;jyD; ypön;f topfxw k vf yk zf Ykd
bmvkyrf mS vJ}} / qJvzf ek ;f wpfcuk uGeyf sL b,fvjkd zpfvmrvJ/ qdv k w
kd mu 'DvAkd sm/ Mud K ;yrf ; aeMuygjyD / Nokia, Dell,
wm r[kwfygbl;/ GPS u zkef;wpfvHk; ypönf;wpfckudk xkwfvkyfawmhr,fqdk&if motorola ESihf w½kwjf ynfwYkd u qJvz f ek ;f
r[kwfygbl;/ av;axmifhoP²mef&SdjyD; 'DZidk ;f pwifqu JG wnf;u 'Dypön;f rSmyg0if awGudk jyefvnfpkaqmif;aeygw,f/ Re-
½kyfvHk;<ujrifEkdifwJh wDADGwpfckuaum? wJh ypönf;awG[m aemufypönf; topf cycling qdkwJh MudK;pm;rIjzpfaom ypönf;
tacG&pfpufwpfckvm;/ ppfwrf;wpfck&JU wpfckudk ajymif;xkwfvkyf&ifvnf; yg0if ta[mif;rSmyg0ifwJh ypönf;awGudk ypönf;
tvk d t &awmh 70 &mck d i f E I e f ; aom wJh ypön;f awGukd jyefvnftoH;k jyKEkid af pzdYk topfrSm jyefvnftoHk;jyKEkdifatmif
tdrfaxmifpkawGrSm bmrSr[kwfwJh ypönf; jzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh cradle to cradle MudK;pm;aeMuygw,f/
awGygyJ/ pGeYf rypfbx J m;ygw,f/ tDvuf model vkyjf yD;rS (ypön;f wpfcr k mS toH;k jyK urÇmajrMuD;udk pGefYypfypönf;rsm;ESifh
x&Gefepfypönf;awGeJY ywfoufvm&if wJh) ukefMurf;awGuae (tjcm;ypönf; rnpfEGrf;apzdkY MudK;pm;aewmjzpfygw,f/
OD;wnfoGm;aewJh vrf;aMumif;u topf wpfckrSmvnf;) ukefMurf;tjzpf toHk;jyK wu,fawmh recycling qdkwm resto-
awG 0ifvmr,f/ ta[mif;awGuawmh EkdifzdkY jzpfygw,f/ Oyrm aumfaZmxkwf ration jyefvnfxnfhoGif;toHk;csjcif;
rajymif;rvJ 'Dtwkdif;yJ &Sdaeygw,f/ vkyw f ,fqykd gpdYk/ tJ'aD umfaZmudk jyefvnf wpfckyJ jzpfygw,f/
pGefYypfjcif; rjyKMuygbl;/ bmaMumifhyg toHk;jyKEkdifwJh life cycle wpfck zefwD;zdkY 'Dawmh ypön;f wpfc&k UJ wefz;kd [m bm
vJ/ taMumif;jycsuf ESpfck&Sdygw,f/ jzpfygw,f/ ypön;f wpfcrk mS yg0ifwhJ ypön;f ygvJ/ ypönf;udk 0,fwmvm;/ ypönf;&JU
wpfcu k z&Jo;D tcGw H pfcv
k kd rypfEidk w
f mu awGukd wpfppDcx JG w
k jf yD; tqdyt f awmuf toHk;0ifrIudk 0,fwmvm; jzpfvmyg
tqdyftawmufjzpfaevkdY jzpfygw,f/ uif;wJh tjcm;ypön;f wpfck xkwv f yk &f mrSm w,f/ bmyJjzpfjzpfav uRefawmfuawmh
aemuftaMumif;wpfcku pGefYypfypönf; toHk;jyKEkdifwJh ypönf;awGjzpfzdkY &nfrSef; ypönf;topfav;vnf; rufygw,f/
wpfck r[kwfao;vdkY jzpfygw,f/ Bat- xm;ygw,f/ Nothing is known out ta[mif;av;udkvnf; rypf&ufygbl;/
tery awGrSm vlom;awGtwGuf uifqm because nothing is waste b,f[mrS OD;rsK;d (tkid w
f -D tef;wdw)f
jzpfapEkdifwJh carcinogen jzpfwJh Nikkel pGeYf ypfypön;f r[kww f t hJ wGuf bmrSpeG Yf ypf
eJY cadmium owåKawGyg aeygw,f/
uGefysLwm? qJvfzkef;? wDAGDawGrSm mer-
cury, beryllium, lead pwJ h tqd y f
tawmufawG yg0ifaeygw,f/ oHk;pGJ
olrsm;uawmh 'Dudpaö wGudk taotcsm
rodygbl;/ rIef0g;0g;todom &Sdaeyg
w,f/ 'Dtodav;eJYyJ pGefYypfrI rjyKvkyf
Muao;wmjzpfygw,f/ 'gayrJh *½krpkduf
bJ pGefYypfaewJh vlawGvnf; &Sdygw,f/
tar&duefEkdifiHrSmqdk&if wpfESpfrSm oef;
300 rS oef; 400 Mum;&SdwJh tDvuf
x&Gefepf ypönf;awGudk pGefYypfaeMuyg
w,f/ ywf0ef;usif xdef;odrf;a&;orm;
awGuawmh r[mAsL[mcsjyD; MudK;pm;
NEW PRODUCT
Asus Eee PC Videophone HP dv2 AMD Neo
Asus Eee pD;&D;eJY atmifjrifrIawG &cJhwmjzpfwJhtwGuf AMD u xkwfvkyfwJh Athlon
videophone udk Eee tkyfpk0iftjzpf owfrSwfjyD; xyfxkwfvm Neo processor udk toHk;jyKxm;wJh
wmvdkY ajym&ygvdrfhr,f/ Skype VoIP service udk toHk;jyKjyD; yxrqH k ; notebook jzpf w ,f /
tcrJh video calls awGudk toHk;jyKcGifh &Ekdifw,f/ Footage eJY Ultra portable tqifh0if
ywfoufjyD; 7 vufrt&G,f&SdwJh colour screen av;ay:rSm jzpf w ,f / 12 vuf r
0.3 MP t&nftaoG;eJY cif;usif; jyoay;w,f/ Handset &JU t&G , f LED-backlit
'DZidk ;f u tdrw
f pfv;kH twGi;f rSm tcef;wpfcef;uae wjcm; tcef; screen av; wyfqifxm;
udk o,fomG ;jyD; ajymqdEk idk af pzdYk 'DZidk ;f jyKxm;w,f/ tav;csdeu
f w,f/ Screen av;&JU resolution
1 'or 6 uDvdkav;wJhtwGuf o,foGm; u 1280 x 800 &Sw d ,f/ System memory twGuf 4 GB RAM
wJth cg cufcrJ t I enf;i,fawmh &Sw d ,f/ ay;xm;jyD; 512 MB ATI Radeon HD 3410 graphics card
vQyfppfqufoG,frIr&SdbJ toHk;jyKwJh udk oHk;xm;ay;w,f/ External Blu-ray drive udk optional
tcg rdepf 20 avmuftxd wpfOD;udk taeeJY cGifhjyKxm;ay;w,f/ Gigabit ethernet wdkY? Wi-Fi
wpfOD; jrifawGU&jyD; pum;ajymEkdifyg wdYk uv
dk nf; yHyh ;kd aqmif&uG af y;w,f/ Express Card slot wpfck
vdrfhr,f/ owfrSwfa&mif;cswJhaps;u yg&Sdao;w,f/ 1 'or 8 uDvdkav;jyD; ukd,fxnft&G,ftpm;
a':vm 320 jzpfw,f/ Video call u 292 _240 _237 rDvDrDwm&Sdw,f/ ukd,fxnfteufa&mif
twGuf 1.3 MP uifr&mav; yg&Sd ajymifajymifukd chrome eJY rGr;f rHxm;w,f/ Compact keyboard
w,f/ wpfckeJY mirrored touchpad wpfck yg&Sdw,f/ owfrSwfa&mif;
aps;u a':vm 750 jzpfw,f/
Acer Aspire Revo
2008 ckESpfrSm pwifrdwfqufcJhwJh netbooks awGu NEC EA261 WM
vlwidk ;f twGuf ca&ZDjzpfp&m jzpfc&hJ if 2008 ckEpS rf mS pwifvu
dk f NEC u xkwfwJh 26 vufr
wJh nettop awGuvnf; wpf[kefxdk; ay:jyLvmjzpfvmp&m &Sd t&G,f widescreen LCD armfeDwm
w,fvdkY a[mudef;xkwfEkdifygvdrfhr,f/ wpfenf;ajym&&if uGef jzpfw,f/ t&if;cHoabmt& olY&JU
ysLwmt&G,ftpm;? 'DZkdif;eJY yHkoP²mefawG pGrf;aqmifEkdifpGrf;awG vkyfief; wdk;jr§ifha&;udk &nf&G,fjyD;
awmfveS af jymif;vJaewJt
h csderf mS nettop awGuvnf; wpfae&m? xkwfvkyfvmwmvdkY ,lqEkdifw,f/
wpfu@rSm ygvmcJw h ,f/ Intel Atom N230 1.6 GHz udk wyf tjrifhqHk; standard eJY toHk;jyKEkdif
qifxm;jyD; 2 GB RAM eJY 160 GB hard drive vnf; yg&Sw d ,f/ atmif zefwD;xm;wmjzpfwJhtwGuf
nVidia &JU 10 N performance EPEAT &JU gold rating ud& k cJw h ,f/
platform ukd tajccH wnfaqmuf 'gayrJh aps;EIef;uvnf; MuD;vSjyD;
xm;wmjzpfw,f/ vnfywfpepf 'DZkdif;yHkpHtoGiftjyifuawmh xl;jcm;
twGuf Windows Vista Home crf;em;rIr&Scd ahJ y/ Feature awGuawmh tvGeaf useyfp&m aumif;
Premium wifxm;ay;w,f/ HD w,f/ tedr?hf tjrifh csed n f E§d idk ½f rkH Qru vdo
k vdk vSnahf pmif;xm;vdYk
video pGr;f &nfeYJ mainstream 3D &Ekid w
f ,f/ ECO mode ygjyD; yg0goH;k pGrJ I tedrq hf ;kH taetxm;
gaming udk tjynfht0 xkwfay; &SdwJhtwGuf green attributes u aumif;vSw,f/ Portrait
Ekdifw,f/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;u configuration vnf; vkyf,l&&SdEkdifw,f/ Resolution eJY
475 a':vm jzpfw,f/ brightness uvnf; qdkzG,f&m r&Sday/
eMachines EZ 1600
eMachines pD;&D;eJY xGuv
f mwJh all-in-one PC trsK;d tpm;
jzpfw,f/ Intel Atom N 270 processor udt k ajccHxm;jyD; xGuf Gold Bullion
ay:cJhw,f/ System unit udk 18 'or 5 vufrt&G,ftpm;&Sd jyD;cJhwJhESpfu a&TtppfeJY okwfvdrf;xm;wJh yDpDuGefysLwmqdk
16 : 9 display (1080 x 720) &JUaemufrSm odkodkodyfodyfeJY wyf wm &SdcJhw,f/ tJ'Dwkef;uqdk&if a&Ta&mifeJY okwfvdrf;xm;wJh
qifay;xm;w,f/ odkrSD;pepftwGuf 160 GB hard drive xnfh armufpw f Ykd? uD;bkww
f Ykd&Ekid zf Ykd tawmfav;udk MudK;pm;&SmazG,&l rSm
ay;xm;jyD; optical taeeJY DVD-RW drive wpfckvnf; xnfh jzpfw,f/ tckawmh vSvSyy'DZkdif;eJY uGefysLwmudk toHk;jyKvdkol
ay;xm;w,f/ *&yfzpftwGufuawmh integrated Intel 945 wdkif;twGuf oHk;&wm tvGeftqifajyapr,fh Gold Bullion
graphics yg&Sdw,f/ Wi-Fi qufoG,f vkyfukdifEkdifrI pGrf;&nf qdw k hJ armufpaf v; a&mufvmawmhw,f/ MudK;rJph epfo;kH armufpf
vnf; ay;xm;w,f/ yg;yg;vsvs 'DZkdif;vSvSeJY pGJrufp&m av;jzpfw,f/ ½kwfw&ufMunfhvkduf&if tvGefw&m wefzdk;MuD;
aumif;vSw,f/ ukd,fxnfta&mifudk r,fvYkd xif&ayrJh wu,fwrf;aps;uGurf mS wpfcu k kd 35 a':vm
aiGa&mifeJYjzpfjzpf? teuf eJY a&mif;csrSm jzpfw,f/ a&Tjym;yg;yg;av;eJY zHk;tkyfxm;jyD; zero
a&mifeJYjzpfjzpf &&SdEkdif atoms vkdY ckdifckdifrmrmajymqdkEkdifatmif oyfoyf&yf&yf vkyfxm;
w,f/ aps;EIef; owf w,f/ tay:ykid ;f rSm telltale scrollwheel wpfck
rSw&f jcif; r&Sad o;ay/ vnf; ygw,f/ yDpDuGefysLwmrSm
eMachines pD;&D;eJY jzpfjzpf? Mac uGefysLwm
Acer u rSmjzpfjzpf USB dongle
xk w f v k y f c J h wm av;eJYtwl MudK;rJh csdwf
qufrI vkyfum aqmif
&Gufay;rSm jzpfw,f/
Reader's site:
>> Mobile
Handset awG&JU tjrefEIef;u ydkaumif;vmjyD; rdkbkdif;vftoHk;jyKzdkYtwGuf
eBay
olwu
Ykd ,
kd w
f idk f site awGukd optimising vkyaf y;Ekid w
f thJ wGuf Laura Bennett u rdrd&JUtcsdefwpf
web awGukd tdwx f x
J nfjh y;D trSew
f u,f ,lomG ;Ekid w f hJ 0uf[m eBay &JU mobile site rSmyJ &Sad e&
taetxm;awG &Sv
d mcJjh yD jzpfw,f/ w,fvYkd ajymcJw h ,f/ a&mif;zdYk pm&if;awmh
vkyfay;EkdifrSm r[kwfay/ aps;jydKifpepfeJY
zefwD;,ljyD; PayPal uwpfqifh aiGacszdkY
Metro Mobile aqmif&u G ,
f El idk w
f ,f/
'DaeY urÇmrSm bmawGjzpfaeovJqdkwmudk atmf'grSm,lwJh vkyf
csufcsif;avhvmod&SdEkdifzdkY Metro owif;pmudk ief ; pOf u full site
tcrJhay;xm;w,f/ tm;enf;csufuawmh z,f avmuf tqifrajyEkid f
xkwjf yD;om; aumfyaD wGu vrf;aMumif;udv
k mjyD; bl;/ &SmMunf½h akH vmuf
yd w f q d k Y aewwf w ,f / Metro Mobile ud k yJ tqifajyEkdifw,f/
axmufcHwifjyolu Miss Tech vdkY qdkxm; (ebaymobile.co.uk)
w,f/ Miss Tech u tcrJha0iSwJh mobile
version u ydkjyD;vG,fulapw,fvdkY nTef;jyef
w,f/ puf&yfowif;awGudk zwfcGifh&Ekdifw,f/
(metro.mobi)
ygw,f/ tqifhjrifh wefzdk;MuD;MuD;eJY Apple uvGJvdkY b,folYrS ra&mif;bl;vdkY MacBook Pro rSm oHk;xm;wJh bufx&D
a&mif;vdYk wJu h eG yf sLwmawGukd bmvdYk aps; qdkygw,f/ u ig;ESpt f xd bmrS rjzpfap&bl;/ toH;k
awG rwefwq csa&mif;aewmvJqdkwm aemufwpfcsufu MacBook Pro cHw,f/ jyD;awmh vuf&dS vufyaf wmhawGrmS
pOf;pm;p&m jzpfygw,f/ tckvdk pD;yGm; &JU wnfaqmufyHkukd orm;½kd;usyDpDawGeJY vdk 3 em&DyJcHwJh bufx&D r[kwfawmh
ysufuyfeJYMuHKae&csdefrSm t½HI;cHa&mif;wm vH;k 0vrf;cGw J nfaqmufvu kd jf cif;yJ jzpfyg bl;/ tenf;qHk; 7 em&Dtxd oHk;vdkY&wJh
awmh r[kwfwm aocsmygw,f/ yef;oD; w,f/ t&ifuqdk&if yDpDwpfvHk; wnf bufx&DawG jzpfvmw,f/ omreftm;
uG e f y sLwmtk y f p k & J Y twG i f ; od v l w pf aqmufzdkY yvyfpwpfrdkawG vkyf&w,f/ jzifh vlwpfa,muftzdYk ig;ESpMf umrS buf
a,mufuawmh Apple taeeJY 'gawmif tpdwftydkif;awG trsm;MuD; qufpyf& x&DvzJ Ykdqw kd m tawmfav;jynfph w kH hJ tae
40 &mcdkifEIef;tjrwf &Sdaew,fvdkY olY&JY w,f/ tck Apple u yvyfpwpf tjym; txm; jzpfygw,f/ vufyfawmhwpfvHk;
tifwmeuf pum;ajymcef;rSm zGifhcsxm; cJMuD;vkyfjyD; motherboard xnfhzdkYwdkY? ukd 5 ESpaf wmifMumatmif oH;k aum oH;k &JU
w,fvdkY qdkygw,f/ [mh'f'pfxnfhzdkYwdkYae&mawGudk xGif;ypf vm;qdkwJh qef;ppfcsuft&qdk&if 'g[m
'Dvdkomqdk&if bmjzpfvdkYrsm; aps;cs vdkufw,f/ jyD;awmhrS tJ'Dae&mudk twd jyóemwpfck r[kwfawmhbl; jzpfoGm;yg
a&mif;EdkifwmvJ/ Apple uGefysLwmu tusxnfhvdkufw,f/ xGif;vdkY&wJhtpm w,f/
olYenf;ynmawGudk tukefzGifhcsxm;yg awGudk ukefMurf; jyefoHk;w,f/ tav aemufqHk;wpfcsufu Apple [m
w,f/ yxrtcsufu Motherboard, tvGihf r&Sad wmhb;l / jyD;awmh tpdwt f ydik ;f urÇmtESHYtjym;rSm Apple Store awG
CPU, Graphic card awGudk csdwfquf awG trsm;MuD; r&SdawmwJhtwGuf rlvD zGifhaejyD/ olukd,fwdkif uGefysLwmawGudk
ay;wJh controller ukd oD;jcm;cGrJ xm;awmh awG trsm;MuD;oufomoGm;w,f/ ukef a&mif;r,f/ wpfurÇmvHk;ukd jcHKrdzdkY tcsdef
bJ *&yfzpfuwfxJrSm wpfaygif;wnf; usp&dwfawGudk wpfcgwnf; avQmhypf odyfrMumawmhbl;vdkYqdkw,f/ tckqdk&if
xm;vdkufEdkifjcif;yJ jzpfygw,f/ 'g[m vdkufovdk jzpfoGm;w,f/ bufx&DukdvJ tar&durSm vufyfawmh 10 vHk;a&mif;
p&dwftrsm;MuD;oufomoGm;apygw,f/ wpfcgwnf; taowyfypfvdkufw,f/ &&if 7 vHk;u Apple brand jzpfaejyDvdkY
t&ifuqdk rm;om;bkwf&JY wefzdk; av;yHk jzKwfvJvdkY r&bl;/ jzKwfvJzdkY vdkvm&if owif;awGu qdkw,f/ wpfurÇmvHk;
oH;k yHrk mS controller &JY wefz;kd jzpfaew,f/ Apple service centre awGrmS oGm;vJry S J twdkif;twmeJYawmh olY&JU aps;uGuf a0pk
tck tJ'Dvdkr[kwfawmhbl;/ 'Dvdktajc &w,f/ u 10 &mcdkifEIef;awmif r&Sdao;awmh
taersdK;jzpfvmzdkY *&yfzpfuwf xkwf tJ'DvdkjzpfzdkYtwGuf bufx&D enf; avmavmq,frSm MacBook Pro ukd
vkyfol nVidia uvJ apple eJY aygif;jyD; ynmudkvJ ajymif;vJoHk;xm;w,f/ tck pdk;&drfp&m r&Sdbl;vdkY wGufxm;MuwmvJ
tJ'Dokawoetvkyfukd vkyfcJhwm jzpfyg csdeftxd vufyfawmhawG&JU bufx&Du jzpfygr,f/ jyD;awmh Apple u aps;cs
w,f/ tck MacBook Pro rSmygwJh 1 ESpfyJ aumif;aumif; toHk;cHw,f/ w,fomqdw k m omrefvw l ef;pm;awG oH;k
*&yfzpfuwf GeForce 9400M qdkwm tvGeq f ;kH ESpEf pS yf J oH;k vdYk &w,f/ raumif; Edkifavmufatmifawmh r[kwfao;wmvJ
tJ'gyJ jzpfygw,f/ 'D*&yfzpfuwfudk awmh&if jzKwfjyD;jyefvJzdkY vdkw,f/ tck ygygvdrfhr,f/ a':vm 400 avmufuGm
w,fqdkwmuvJ enf;wmrSwfvdkY/ uRef
awmfwYkd qu D vlawGrajymeJY taemufEikd if H
u vlawGvnf; a':vm 100 avmuf
tdwfxJuykdxGufoGm;rSmukd odyfwGufMu
wm/
bmyJajymajymyg/ uRefawmfwdkYawG
taeeJY ajymif;vJvmwJh enf;ynmukd
odxm;oifhw,fvdkYxifwJhtwGuf Mac
Book Pro eJYywfoufwJh taMumif;t&m
jynfhjynfhpHkpHkazmfjkyEdkifatmif MudK;pm;
ay;xm;ygw,f/ Hardware Review
wpfcktaeeJYyJjzpfjzpf? Technical note
wpfct k aeeJYyjJ zpfjzpf zwfvYkd&ygvdrrhf ,f/
'DZikd ;f jyefxw
k ?f tif*sief ,
D mwdYk tvkyf odrYk [kwf
ajymif;vJxm;wJh enf;ynmtopfrsm;eJY MacBook Pro
tvG e f x l ; jcm;wJ h enf ; ynmopf tif*sife, D mtzGUJ rsm; yl;aygif; vkyaf qmif vdkY Ekvdrfhr,fawmh rxifeJY/ tMurf;cH?
wpfckckudk wnfaqmuf&awmhr,fqdk&if Mujcif; jzpfygw,f/ trmcH q d k y gawmh / Briefcase xJ r S m
tJ'DtwGuf enf;vrf;rsm;uvnf; xl;udk wu,fawmh tpdwftydkif; wpfck xm;xm;? zGifhyJxm;xm; pdwfcsvufcs
xl;&ygr,f/ 'gudk Apple 'DZdkif;orm; csif;udk wnfaqmuf wyfqifjcif;rSm oHk;Edkifygw,f/ Notebook wpfvHk;&JU
rsm;eJY tif*sifeD,mrsm; yl;aygif; vkyf tcuftcJrsm;pGm &dSEdkifygw,f/ b,f txl? tyg;qdkwm 'DZkdif;ynm&SiftaeeJY
aqmifjcif;jzifh oufaojycJhwmyg/ xkwf tpdwt f ydik ;f u b,fvkd ta&;ygw,f qdk vkycf siwf ikd ;f vkyv f Ykd r&yg/ txJu ypön;f
vkyfrItqifhqifhudk twlvkyfaqmifMu wm ajym&cufygw,f/ tpdwftydkif; tpdwftydkif;rsm; odkYr[kwf wyfqifwJh
ygw,f/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh tqdkygenf; tm;vHk;onf tvGefYtvGef ao;i,f tEk enf;ynmtay: rlwnfygw,f/ LCD
vrf;eJY MacBook Pro topfudk wnf pdwfwmjzpfvdkY wduszdkYvnf; vdkygw,f/ display udk CCFL (Cold Cathode
aqmufcJhMuygw,f/ Notebook xkwf tcsdeftm;jzifh wdkif;wm&if oef; *Pef;eJY Fluorescent Lamps) toHk;jyKjyD; wnf
vkyfwJh enf;vrf;topfvdkYvnf; qdkEdkif csDjyD; wdkif;wm&wmyg/ tJ'D tpdwftydkif; aqmufxm;vdkY tvif;udk wdk;apjyD; yHk&dyf
ygw,f/ rsm;udk CNC (Computer Numerical rsm;udk xif&mS ;apjcif;jzpfygw,f/ 'gayrJh
tck tcsdefrsm;rSm notebook rsm;udk Control) xdef;csKyfrIeJY tvlrDeD,Hpuf jyóemawGu &dSaeqJyg/ tJ'D lamps
'Denf;eJY 'DZikd ;f xkwjf yD; wnfaqmufaeMu uav;tjzpf zefwD;Mujcif; jzpfygw,f/ rsm;twGuf ae&mvdktyfjcif;eJY oifhtdrf
ygjyD/ ra&rwGufEdkifavmufwJh tpdwf tmumo,mOf wnfaqmufrI vkyif ef;rSm rSm xGef;wJh rD;acsmif;rsm;eJY wlaeqJ jzpf
tydkif; tm;vHk;udk pkpnf;jyD; notebook vnf; 'Dvdk tpdwftydkif;rsm;pGmudk wdus vdkYyg/ qdkvdkwmu tvif;tjynfh&zdkY&m
wpfvHk;tjzpf wyfqifygw,f/ tif*sif atmif pkaygif; wyfqif&wmyg/ warm up qdw k hJ tcsed uf kd twefMum apmifh
eD,mydkif;qdkif&momru notebook &JU uJ MacBook Pro topfwpfv;kH udk ae&ygw,f/ 'gudk Apple tif*sifeD,m
t&G,ftpm;? tav;csdef? tvStyponf Munhfvdkufyg/ b,fvdk xl;jcm;rI &dSw,f rsm;u LED backlight enf;ynmeJY
wdkYudk wpfcgwnf; yl;aygif; vkyfaqmif qdkwm csufcsif;owdjyKrdygvdrfhr,f/ tpm;xdk;zdkY a&G;cs,fxm;ygw,f/ Mac
vduk vf Ykd tm;enf;csuq f w
kd mr&do S avmuf yg;yg;vsvsyHkpHtjyif tav;csdef ayghyg; Book Pro rSm qdkygawmh/
jzpfvmygw,f/ OyrmtaeeJY MacBook wmutp ta&mifawmufajymifrItqHk;
Pro udk wnfaqmuf&mrSm 'DZi dk ;f ynm&Sief YJ xl;jcm;rIawG trsm;MuD;yg/ yg;vTmayghyg;
tem;,lcsed af ygh/ 'DtcgusrS LED rD;av; awGyg/ t&ifu Mac notebook rsm;eJY oHk;ygw,f/ avmifpmqDoHk;jcif;udk avsmh
twGif;u vif;vmwmyg/ tvGefyg;vs awmif rwlbl;vdkY ajymEdkifygw,f/ enf;apzdYk av,mOfeYJwifyYkdjcif;udk twwf
wJh tvlrDeD,Hudk avqmeJY azmufjyD; uGefysLwm xkwfvkyfolrsm;taeeJY EdkifqHk; a&Smifxm;ygw,f/ aemufqHk;
LED light udk xnfh xm;wmyg/ vdt k yfrS qm;upf b k w f j ym;awG r S m polyvinyl MacBook Pro udk tpGrf;ukefoHk;jyD;vdkY
tvif;a&mifxGufvmzdkY jzpfvdkY tvif; chloride (PVC) eJY brominated flame pGeYf ypf&ifawmif recycle jzpfapzdYk pDrx
H m;
a&mif rxGufwJhtcsdefrSm tvlrDeD,HrSm retardants (BFRs) oHk;jcif;udk tqHk; ygw,f/
bmrS r&dSovdk jzpfaewmyg/ owfMuzdkY MudK;pm;ae&qJyg/ Apple oift h aeeJY MacBook Pro udk poH;k
MacBook Pro udk tDvufx&Gee f pf taejzifh tJ'D PVC eJY BFRs udk z,f&Sm; wJhtcg txufazmfjyyg tcsufrsm;udk
eJY pufydkif;qdkif&m 'DZdkif;ynm&SifwdkY cJjh yD;jzpfygw,f/ odYk jzpfí MacBook Pro owdjyKrdrSmyg/ Notebook wpfckvHk;
vufxyfyv JG Ykdawmif wifpm;a&;om;Muyg topfukd Greener Notebook vdYk ac:Mu awmifw h ,f? cdik w
f ,f? txJu ypön;f rsm;
w,f/ MacBook Pro topfrSm twGif; jyefygw,f/ recyclable glass eJY tvl udk aumif;pGm tumtuG,fay;EdkifvdkY
a&m? tjyifyg xl;jcm;wJh vkyfaqmifcsuf rDeD,Hudk oHk;w,f/ tqdyftawmufjzpf tm;vHk;aygif;&if tdrfwpfvHk;wnf; (uni-
awG &dSaevdkYyg/ twGif;wnfaqmufyHku apr,fh"mwfawG r&dSbl;qdkwJh oabmyg/ body) vdkY awmifqdkEdkifygw,f/ oHk;wJh
tif*sifeD,mwdkY&JU jyefvnfqef;opfrIvdkY MacBook Pro topfonf ,cktcg tcgvnf; pGrf;&nfjrifhwmudk awGU&yg
qdEk ikd yf gw,f/ qDvu D eG ef nf;ynmutp? tpdrf;a&mifvu©Pm (green) jyaeygjyD/ r,f/ *drf;upm;rvm;? oifh"mwfyHkawG?
bkwfwnfaqmufyHk? cspfyfawG? *&yfzpf qdv k w kd mu ENERGY STAR 5.0 com- oifhtMudKuf ½kyf&SifawGponf bmawG
xnfhyHktqHk; tm;vHk; ajymif;vJrIawG &dScJh pliant jzpfw,faygh/ pGrf;tif acRwmrIrSm vkyfcsifygovJ/ ¤if;twGuf pGrf;aqmif
ygw,f/ MacBook Pro &JU toGiftjyif vnf; oufqikd &f mtpd;k &&JU owfrw S cf suf csuftjynfh &dSygw,f/
awGrmS *&yfzpfvyk af qmifcsuef YJ bufx&D ]pH}EIef;eJY nDygw,f/ 'ghaMumifhvnf;
oufwrf;udk tcsKd;us rQwpGm oHk;Edkif
atmif vkyfaqmifygw,f/ MacBook
Pro wdkif;rSm yg0goHk;pGJrI oufomapwJh
enf;ynmudk oHk;xm;ygw,f/ txl;
ojzifh *&yfzpftwGuf NVIDIA GeForce
9400M udk wyfqifay;xm;jyD; tqifh
jrifhjrifh oHk;Edkifygw,f/ 17-inch Mac-
Book Pro udk oHk;onfjzpfap? 15-inch
model udk a&G;cs,fonfjzpfap *&yfzpf
pGrf;&nfydkif;rSm wlMuygw,f/
MacBook Pro twGuf [mh'f0Jydkif;
jzpfap? aqmhzf0Jydkif;jzpfap 'DZdkif;ydkif;onf
pGrf;tif acRwmzdkYeJY tqifajypGm oHk;EdkifzdkY
OD;pm;ay;xm;wm awGU&ygw,f/ Oyrm
tm;jzifh aqmhzf0Ju rvdktyf&if hard EPEAT (Electronic Product Envorin- qef ; opf w J h uD ; bk w f
drive vnfywfrIudk avQmhcsay;ygw,f/ mental Assessment Tool) &JU a&Twq
H yd f tvlrDeD,Hom;eJY wnfaqmufxm;
tcef;&JU tvif;a&miftay: rlwnfjyD; qkudk &&dScJhygw,f/ ywf0ef;usif npf wJh uD;bkwfrSm uD;cvkwfrsm; txdkifcs
display eJY battery indicator light nrf;apjcif;qdkwJh jyóemrsm;udk avsmh xm;rIu aooyfygw,f/ oifh vuf
rsm;u tvif;udk avQmhcsay;w,f/ CPU enf;apwJh enf;rsm;udk oHk;xm;vdkYyg/ acsmif;rsm; ae&m,lrIeJY vdkufavsmnDaxG
od k Y r[k w f graphics processor ud k xkyyf ;kd jyD; aps;uGuu
f kd wifyYkd enf;udv
k nf; jzpf a tmif v nf ; jyKvk y f x m;ygw,f /
b,fvkd taetxm;rsK;d rSm yg0gydo k ;kH &r,f Munhyf gOD;/ MacBook Pro rsm;udk pack- 'ghtjyif uD;bkwfudk tvif;xGufatmif
qdkwmudk qHk;jzwfay;ygw,f/ 'gawGu aging ao;ao;jzpfatmifvkyfjyD; bl;cGH
vkyfxm;vdkY nbuf odkYr[kwf tvif;
tjcm; notebook rsm;eJY rwlwJh tcsuf twGuf opfudk enf;EdkiforQ enf;atmif tm; tvGefenf;wJh tcsdefrsKd;rSm oHk;&
CPU pGrf;&nf
13-inch MacBook Pro rSm Intel
Core 2 Duo processor udkoHk;ygw,f/
*&yfzpfvkyfief;pOftwGuf tm;xm;p&m
17-inch MacBook Pro udk a&G;onfjzpfap? 15-inch models udk a&G;onf
jzpfap *&yfzpfvkyfief;pOftwGuf aumif;pGm vkyfaqmifEdkifygw,f/ ESpfrsKd;pvHk;rSm
NVIDIA Ge Force 9400M eJY NVIDIA GeForce
9600M GT udk oH;k ygw,f/ Call of Duty eJY Quake
vdk tqifhjrifh oHk;zufjrif*drf;rsm; upm;&mrSm oifh
twGuf pdwfauseyfzG,f jzpfygvdrfhr,f/ *&yfzpf
aqmif&u G cf surf sm;wJh iWork ’09, iLife ’09 eJY tjcm;
Mac OS X vkyi f ef;pOfrsm;udk aumif;pGm jyKvkyEf ikd yf g
w,f/ NVIDIA *&yfzpfy½dq k ufqmrsm;onf tqifh
jrifhrm;oavmuf yg0goHk;pGJrI oufomygw,f/
Bluetooth pG r f ; aqmif & nf u vnf ; 'ghaMumifh ckepfem&DMumcHwJh bufx&Dudk oHk;xm;wJh MacBook Pro onf *&yfzpf
aumif;ygw,f/ vkyfief;rsm;udk vHkavmufjynfhpHkpGm vkyfaqmifEdkifjcif; jzpfygw,f/
DVD csyf j y Kvk y f & mrS m vnf ; *&yfzpfvyk if ef;pOfukd jrefqefpmG aqmif&u
G Ef ikd jf cif;
jref y gw,f *&yfzpfvyk if ef;pOfrsm;&JU pGr;f &nfo;kH pGrJ o
I nf tvGejf rifrh m;wmudk odjyD; jzpfrmS
oifh "mwfyHkawG? rdom;pk AD'D,dk ½dkuf yg/ ,ck *&yfzpfy½dkqufqmrsm;&JU pGrf;&nfonfvnf; jrifhrm;aomaMumifh tvkyf
csufawGukd ½ky&f iS t
f oGif zefw;D jyD; DVD vkyf&onfrSm jrefqefjcif;? acsmarGUjcif;? &Sif;vif;jcif;? wdusjcif;qdkwJh tcsufrsm;
jyKvkyzf Ykd &m iMovie eJY iDVD ygygw,f/ udk &apygw,f/ txl;ojzifh Aperture and Motion uJhodkY pro applications
ultrafast 8x SuperDrive u tvGefY awG? Keynote uJhodkY productivity tools awGeJY 3D *drf;upm;jcif;twGuf Mac-
tvGefjrefatmif aqmif&Gufay;ygvdrfh Book Pro onf toifah wmfq;kH vdYk ajym&ygr,f/ vdt k yf&if y½dq k ufqmudk vJEikd v
f Ykd
r,f/ double-layer discs (DVDs 9GB) oifh *&yfzpf aqmif&Gufcsufrsm;tay: rlwnfjyD; pGrf;&nf wdk;jr§ifhEdkifygw,f/
rsm;udkvnf; zefwD;Edkifygw,f/
jyifqifcsuf edit vkyif ef; jrefqefjcif;
buf x &D t wG u f tm;omcsuf r sm; *&yfzpf odkYr[kwf 'DZdkif;vkyfief;awGrSm edit qdkwJh jyif&wJh tvkyfuvnf;
Mac notebook rsm; xkwfvkyfjyD; tawmfta&;ygygw,f/ MacBook Pro onf edit vkyfief;pOftwGuf jrefqefpGm
oavmuf bufx&DoHk;& tqifajyjcif;? jyifqifay;Edkifovdk rendering eJY encoding vkyfief;pOfrsm;twGufvnf;aumif;
Mum&SnfcHjcif;eJY ywfoufvdkY ,ck Mac rGefpGm aqmif&GufEdkifygw,f/ Cut Studio 2 uJhodkY aqmhzf0JrsKd;udk oHk;zdkYvnf;
Book Pro udk rDr,fr[kwfyg/ Mac tqifoifh jzpfygw,f/ oifh rdom;pk
Book Pro topfwGif bufx&Dudk wpf vIyf&Sm;rI AD'D,dk½dkufcsufrsm;udk rdb
Mud r f tm;oG i f ; jyD ; &if ck e pf e m&D t xd aqGrsKd;rsm;xH ay;ydYk Eikd yf gw,f/ Mac-
awmufavQmuf oHk;Edkifygw,f/ 17-inch Book Pro rSm built-in ygwJh iSight
MacBook Pro rSm &Spfem&Dtxd jzpfyg camera and iMovie u taxmuf
w,f/ acwfrD"mwkenf;ynmudk oHk;xm; tuljyKay;rSmyg/
vdYk tMudrf 1000 txd recharge vkyEf ikd f
ygw,f/ ,cif notebook bufx&Drsm;
&JU oufwrf;xuf oHk;q Mum&SnfcHw,f
vdkY qdkEdkifygw,f/ bufx&D t&G,ftpm;
onf wjcm; bufx&Drsm;xuf yg;vTm
jyD; ayghyg;ygw,f/ Notebook rsm;rSm
buf x &D
Laptop wpfv;kH taeeJY rdrb d ufx&D
xJu "mwftm;udk xkwfoHk;aewmaMumifh
rD;twuftusjzpfwmwdYk ? rD;ysufomG ;wm
wdkYudk ylp&mrvdkbl;/ Desktop PC u
awmh rD;tm;aqmifhwufwm? rD;ysufoGm;
wm? rD;tm;uswmaMumifh jyKwfrusoGm;
apzdkY UPS Mum;cHay;zdkY vdkw,f/ rD;ysuf
oGm;csdefrSm rdepf 20 uae rdepf 30
avmuf awmifch EH ikd zf Ykd tifrwefaps;MuD;wJh
UPS rsKd;udk oHk;zdkY vdkvdrhfr,f/
wu,fha&mif;aps;xuf usyf awGY&ygw,f/ txl;ojzifh pD; NEC VERSA S3301 F1809 DRC 715,000
ig;aomif;txd csa&mif;wm yGm;a&;orm;awG? EkdifiHacgif; Intel Dual Core 1.8 GHz, HDD 120 GB,
awGY&ygw,f/ twdtvif; aqmifawG? ynm&SifawG? fa- 1GB DDR2, 13.3"WXGA, DVD SuperMulti,
Intel Graphics Media Accelerator, 1.96 kg,
aoaocsmcsm aMumf j imjyD ; shion pwk d i f u scsif o l a wG
a&mif;wmyg/ Stock Clear- tm;vHk;[m MacBook udkyJ NEC VERSA S3500 2011DRC 920,000
ance Sales qdjk yD; a&mif;cJwh m ukdifvmMuwm awGY&ygw,f/ Intel Core2Duo 2.0 GHz, HDD 250 GB,
2GB DDR2, 13.3"WXGA, DVD SuperMulti,
jzpfygw,f/ 'grsKd;yJ wpfcg jrefrmEkdifiHrSmvnf; tkdifwD Intel Graphics Media Accelerator, 1.96 kg,
wavus&if Limited Sale ynm&Sif awmfawmfrsm;rsm;[m
qd k j yD ; a&mif ; wwf y gao; MacBook awG ajymif;ukdif NEC VERSA E6510 2511DRC 1,020,000
w,f/ tm;vHk;topfawG jzpf vmwmudk awGY&rSm jzpfw,f/ Intel Core2Duo 2.53 GHz, HDD 320 GB,
2GB DDR2, 14.1"WXGA, DVD SuperMulti,
jyD; model vnf; topfawG yef;oD;vufyfawmhawG nVidia GeForce 9600MGS 256MB, 2.44 kg,
jzpfygw,f/ wcsKdU stock uGef udk bmaMumifhajymif;jyD;ukdif
ysLwm oHk;pGJolawGuawmh oH;k vmMuwmvJqw kd muawmh NEC VERSA E6500 2400 DRC 960,000
Intel Core2Duo 2.4 GHz, HDD 250 GB,
'grsKd;udk apmifhjyD; &Sm0,fwwf apmapmuajymovdk Win- 2GB DDR2, 14.1"WXGA, DVD SuperMulti,
Muygw,f/ dows uk d oH k ; vd k Y &vmwm Intel Graphics Media Accelerator, 2.44 kg,
aMumifh jzpfayrJh Apple &JU
yef;oD;vufyfawmh ESpfvdkzG,f 'DZkdif;aMumifhu
jyD ; cJ h w J h ajcmuf v wm vnf; user awG 0,fo;kH &jcif;
umv ta&mif;rSm jrefrmEkdifiH taMumif;&JU wpf0ufavmuf
u vufyfawmh oHk;pGJolawG ygr,fxifygw,f/ aemufqdk
Mum;rSm Apple MacBook &if 'Dxufyjkd yD; MacBook udk
awG toHk;jyKvmwmawGY&wJh 0,foHk;Muvdrfhr,fvdkY ,lq&
tcsufuvnf; vufyfawmh ygw,f/ bmvdkYvJqdkawmh
uGeyf sLwmaps;uGu&f UJ tajymif; rMumao;cifuyJ MacBook MSI
tvJwpfcjk zpfygw,f/ Apple Pro topfawG xkwv f yk v
f u
dk f MSI X320 863,000
MacBook awG&JUwefzkd;[m wmeJY a&SUuxkwfcJhwJh armf Intel Atom Z530 1.6 GHz, DDRII 2GB/667,
omref t m;jzif h aps;MuD ; yg ',fawGudk yufyufpufpuf SATA 250 GB, Intel GMA 4500 MDH (764 MB),
15.4" WXGA, DVD Super Multi.
w,f/ jyD;awmh vGefcJhwJh wpf aps;csypf c J h v d k Y ygyJ / b,f
ESpf? ESpfESpftxd MacOS wpf avmuf t xd aps;cscJ h o vJ MSI GX 620 1,400,000
rsKd;wnf;udkom oHk;EkdifcJhyg qdk&if vGefcJhwJh ajcmufv Intel Core2Duo 2.4 GHz (P8600),
w,f/ ckaemufykdif;rSm Mac avmufu a':vm 3500- DDRII 2GB/800, SATA 320 GB, Nvidia GeForce
N9600M 512MB, 15.4" WXGA, DVD SuperMulti.
Book awGrSm Intel proces- 4000 wef MacBook Pro
sor udkyJ oHk;vmjyD; Win- awGudk a':vm 900 txd MSI MEGA VR 440 616,000
dows OS udkyg oHk;vmEkdif aps;csypfcJhwm jzpfygw,f/ Intel Dual Core 2.16 GHz (T3400),
DDRII 2GB/667, SATA 160 GB, Intel GMA
awmh awmfawmfrsm;rsm;u tck topfxu G w f hJ model u X3100, 13.3" WXGA, DVD SuperMulti.
Apple &J U MacBook ud k awmh a':vm 1300 yJ &Sdyg
ajymif;oHk;vmMuygw,f/ w,f/ Core 2 Duo 2.53 GHz MSI U115 695,000
aiGaMu;wwfEkdifjyD; wef (3.06 GHz txd jr§ifhvdkY& Intel Atom Z530 1.6 GHz , DDRII 1GB,
SATA 160 GB, UMA, 10" WSVGA
zdk;jrifh vufyfawmh oHk;&wm w,f) &Sdygw,f/ jrefrmEkdifiH
FUJITSU HASEE
Intel Core2 Duo 3.0 GHz, 1GB DDR2, 631,000 Toshiba DLP Projector TDP-SP1 711,200
HDD 250 GB, 20" LCD (Acer/LG) Toshiba DLP Projector TDP-T360 1,932,000
PCIE 512 MB ASUS Toshiba LCD Projector TLP-X 100 996,800
Toshiba LCD Projector TLP-XD 3000 1,108,800
Monitor Toshiba DLP Projector TLP-X200 1,400,000
uGefysLwmtaxGaxG
w,f/ CPU awGukd olYuiG ;f rSm graphics cards awGtwGuf aumif;wJh device &Ekdifyg tajctaersKd;eJY qGJaqmifjyD;
ol ajy;aeapjyD; yDp0D n d mOfawG yg0gjznfh GPUs awGeYJ yHyh ;kd &if; w,f/ 'gayrJh GPU u MuD; aps;EIe;f wifEidk w
f t
hJ csuaf Mumifh
u GPU (graphics pro- *dr;f upm;olawGeYJ yHrk eS 0f ,f,l rm;aejyD; yg0gqGJtm; odyf Chip giant &JUtqifhudk jrifh
cessing unit) qDudk tvsif oHk;pGJolawG MudKufESpfwJh tae awmifhwrI &SdEkdifwmaMumifh wufvmapcJhw,f/
tjref ul;ajymif;aejyDvdkY &J&J txm;rsKd;&apzdkY nVidia &JU Wi-Fi obm0tm;enf;cJh&if Intel &JU vTrf;rdk;rI tm;
wif; wif; ajym vm w,f/ &oHk;cefYrSef;ajc aiGpm&if;rSm performance qdw k m rpGaH wmh aumif;vmwJhtcsufu nVi-
uRr;f usio f al wGuawmh 'gjzifh 1999 ckESpftwGif; a':vmaiG bJ jzpfoGm;Ekdifw,fvdkYvnf; dia &JU Ion platform MuD;
&ifvnf; bmjzpfvdkY 'Davmuf 158 oef; &Sad e&muae 2008 Lao u ajymw,f/ twGuf vrf;ydwfqdkYovdk jzpf
MumaewmvJ ar;p&m&Sdvm ckESpfrSm a':vmaiG 4 'or nVidia taeeJ Y ol Y & J U oGm;apw,f/ txl;ojzifh yDpD
&w,fvdkY qdkMuw,f/ ckdifrm 1 bDvD,Htxd wdk;jr§ifh vkyf Geforce 9400M chip eJYtwl awG e J Y netbook awG q D u d k
a&&mwJh aMunmcsufudkyJ vdk ukdifcJh&w,f/ integrated graphic toGif premium performance o,f
vm;MuwJhoabm jzpfw,f/ 'gayrJh tcktcg chip rsKd;eJY pjyD;xdk;azmuf0ifa&muf ,lvmzdkY MuH&G,fxm;w,f/
CPU wpfce k YJ GPU wpf maker awG&JU qHkcsufu lap- vmcJhwm jzpfw,f/ 'gayrJh Intel u Ion udk qGJxkwfjyD;
ck? ESpcf v
k ;kH cGirhf jyKEkid bf ;l qdw
k hJ tops eJY smartphone awGqD olY&JU Ion platform qdkwmeJY udk;½dk;um;&m;jzpfoGm;r,fvdkY
major system player om udk ododomomMuD; ajymif; tenf;i,f jzpfxGef;rItqifh vkyfief;qkdif&m qef;ppfol
jzpfaewJhtavsmuf nVidia Rob Enderle u ajymw,f/
taeeJY a&G;cs,fp&m tjcm; qef;ppf a0zefoal wGu Intel u ol Y uG i f ; rS m
nVidia taeeJY tar&duef
enf;vrf;r&Sday/ 'gayrJh y½dk upm;zdkY nVidia udk pdefac:ae
qufqm trsKd;tpm;wpfck tcGJ VIA udk 0,fvrd rhf ,fvYkd vkdufao;w,f/ olY&JU inte-
wnf;xuf vkyEf idk zf Ykd a&GUvsm; ajymMuw,f/ VIA qdw k mu grated graphics chips awG
HP &JU yxrrsKd;qufjzpfwhJ
csufwpf&yfvdkYom uRrf;usif u Blu-ray video ukd toifh
MINI- NOTE 2135 net-
ol a wG u ½I j rif c J h M uw,f / yHhydk;xm;ay;Ekdifw,f/ aemuf
b,fvykd jJ zpfjzpf Intel killers h Jh C7
book rS toH;k jyKcJw
jyD; Intel u Larrabee vdkY
chip udk
awGtwGuf chip aps;uGuf ac:wJh GPUs topfudkvnf;
atmifjrifrI&zdkYu rSefuefwJh xkwvf yk cf o
hJ l standalone graphics card
enf;ynm&SdaezdkYxuf vdkvm; jzpfw,f/ aps;uGuftwGuf jyifqifae
aewJh oabmomjzpfw,f/ wm awGY&w,f/
nVidia taeeJ Y uG i f ;
Desktop PCs awG aumif;aumif;av;wpfct k jzpf
MuD;pdk;cJhwkef;u a&TUoGm;cJhw,f/ Mobile de- om &SdcJhw,f/ Ion platform txufwef;qD wGe;f ydYk jyD; e,f
Desktop PCs awG vices qdkwmawGrSm standa- qdkwmu Intel Atom chip y,fusOf;usOf;udk rvdkvm;
MuD ; pd k ; cJ h w k e f ; u nVidia lone graphics card awG wpfcek YJ GeForce 9400 GPU awmhbl;vdkY Enderle u ajym
twGuf CPU &Sd ae jcif; u twGuf ae&mr&Sad y/ GPU &JU aygif;xm;wmjzpfw,f/ bm w,f/
ta&;t&mr[kwaf y/ Graph- raw speed qdkwmuvnf; jzpfvdkYvJqdkawmh Intel &JU jyD ; cJ h w J h 10 ES p f a usmf
ics processors udk rm;om; t&G,ftpm;udp?ö yg0goHk;pGJrI twin strengths udk tm;xm; umvtwGif; CPUs awG&JU
bkwaf y:rSm wku
d ½f u
kd w
f yfqif udpeö YJ tjcm;twGi;f ykid ;f tpdwf cJv
h Ykd yjJ zpfw,f/ rdru
d eG yf sLwm dominant provider taeeJY
cJhwmjzpfwJhtwGuf integra- tyk d i f ; awG e J Y w G J j yD ; aumif ; rSm integrated GPU wpfck & &yf w nf c J h w J h Intel tay:
ted GPUs vdkY em;vnfxm; aumif;vkyfEkdif? rvkyfEkdifqdkwJh w,f vd k Y qd k &if aocsm ukrÜPD awmfawmfrsm;rsm;u
Muw,f/ 3D games awG? udpöawGxuf ta&;ygt&m oavmufuawmh Intel prod- tEkdif,lzdkY MudK;pm;cJhMujyD;jzpf
HD video awG u d k yH h y d k ; rI a&mufrI enf;yg;aew,fvdkY uct wpfcktaeeJYom jzpfaeyg w,f/ 'gayrJh AMD uawmh
tvG e f tm;enf ; wJ h t jyif In-Stat u prf;ppfa0zefol vdrfhr,f/ xkwfvkyfolawGqD odoo d mom t&mxifzYkd vkycf hJ
Windows Vista twGufyif Ian Lao u qdkw,f/ udk a&mif;cswJhae&mrSmvnf; ayrJh ratmifjrifcJhay/ Cyrix
tm;&p&mr&Sad y/ Standalone xck e f & avmuf a tmif CPU eJY GPU twGv J udk qf w
kd hJ wdkY? Power PC wdkY? Trans-
meta wdkYuvnf; 'Dvdk pdwf wpfckxJrSm ajzmifhajzmifhwef; 1990 jynfhESpf ESpfv,f 'DtcgrSm Cyrix &JU jyóemrsK;d
0ifpm;p&maumif;wJh enf; wef;ajy;aevdrrhf ,f/ Brook- ykdif;twGif;u Intel udk pdef awGukd awGYEidk pf &mtaMumif;&Sd
ynmrsKd; wDxGifcJhjyD; 'DukrÜPD wood uawmh X86 proces- ac:zdkY ratmifjrifcJhbl;qdkwJh wJ h t wG u f wpf u G u f a usmf
awGxrJ mS yg0ifcyhJ gao;w,f/ sor taeeJY usyfusyfwnf; Cyrix udk txdemapwJh t"du wufxm;zdYk vdv k rd rhf ,f povdk
'gayrJh olwdkY&JU chips awGu wnf; wnf aqmuf ,l wJh taMumif;&if;awG&SdcJhw,fvdkY Brookwood u ajymMum;cJh
tmrcHcsufray;EkdifbJ umv t"dyÜm,frsKd;rygbJ ajymif;vJ Brookwood u ajymw,f/ ygao;w,f/
wdk twGif;om &yfwnfEkdifcJh jzpfay:vmrSmvdkY qdkw,f/ Intel &JU 386 eJY 486 chips
Muw,f/ 'gayrJh prf;ppfoal wG 'gaMumifh version topfudk awG e J Y q d k & if yH k w l j zpf a pjyD ; ae&m&&Sad &;udpö
u nVidia uawmh olwYkd vkyf zefwD;aewJh tif*sifeD,mawG aps;EIef;csKdompGmeJY atmifjrif VIA Technologies &JU
cJhjyD; awGYMuHKcJh&orQukd avh u xl ; xl ; jcm;jcm; topf pGm xkwv f yk zf Ukd toifah wmfq;kH tar&duefEkdifiH tcGJjzpfwJh
vmjcif;eJYyJ Intel &JU vnfyif; tqef;awGeJY t&ifta[mif; jzpfcJhwJh Cyrix u Intel &JU Centaur udk nVidia u 0,f
n§pfxm;rIudk z,f&Sm;Ekdifvdrfh awGtm;vHk;udk vkdufavsmnD Pentium xuf ydkjrefwJh olY&JU vdrfhr,fvdkY Brookwood u
r,fvdkY ajymqdkaeMuw,f/ axGjzpfzdkY tav;xm;vkyfukdif M1 udk a&TMudKvkyfjyD; vmwJh ,HkMunfxm;w,f/ C7 mo-
Mu&w,fvdkYvnf; &Sif;jycJh tcg jyóemawGeYJ &ifqidk cf &hJ bile processor arG;xkwfcJhwJh
Scratch uae CPU wpfcu
k kd w,f/ w,f / wu,f j zpf v mwm? ol jzpfw,f/ HP &JU yxrqH;k
rwnfaqmufoifh rsKd;quf Mini-Note 2133
nVidia rSm urÇmay:u netbook rSm C7 udk oHk;xm;
tuRrf;usifqHk;qdkwJh tif*sif cJhw,f/ Rob Enderle u
eD,mawG &SdaerSmjzpfw,f/ awmh VIA &JU C7 t½ku
d t
f &mcH
oD ; jcm; Intel chip wpf c k Nano u Intel &JU Atom eJY
twGurf vdb k J yDpu
D vdk nfywf ,SOjf ydKiEf idk yf ghrvm;vdYk ajymvm
apEkid rf ,fyh jkd yD;yg0gtm;aumif; w,f/
wJh processors awG toGiu f kd VIA &JU Nano eJYvnf
aqmifwJh graphics chips ywfr,fh laptop wpfvHk;udk
awGukd xkwjf yvmygvdrrfh ,f/ nVidia &JU Ion rSm graphics chip eJY Intel &JU 0,fzdkY tMuD;tus,f zdtm;
a':vmawGudk oef;csDjyD;oHk;cJh Atom chip aygi;f xnfx h m;w,f/ ay;vmapayrJhvnf; VIA &JU
&wJh R & Ds vkyif ef;awGvyk f aps;uG u f & S m Ek d i f r I tif t m;
cJhjyD; ukd,fykdif chip wpfckudk X86 qdkwJh a0g[m&u rjzpfvmwmtyxm;? tcGifh enf;wmwdYk ? ae&maumif;&ae
scratch uae wnfaqmufzdkY ESpfaygif; 20 avmufudk yDpD aumif;? tajctaeaumif; jyDjzpfwJh rm;om;bkwf xkwf
tcsdefawGvnf;,lcJh&rSmyJvdkY y½dq k ufqmawG&UJ trsKd;tpm; wpfckawmh jzpfoGm;ygao; vkyfol wpfckckeJY tqifajyzdkY
Insight 64 u qef;ppf avh yH k p H u d k azmf j yzd k Y a,bk , s w,f/ wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyJ wpf vdktyfcsufawG &Sdaeao;wm
vmol Nathan Brookwood oabm toHk;jyKcJhMuw,f/ MudrfqdkwpfMudrf ausmfvTm; wkdYudk taMumif;jyKjyD; nVidia
u ajymjycJhw,f/ 'gawGeJY 'DtwGuf armf',fawG&JUtqHk; oGm;cJhwJh Cyrix &JU chip ukd u VIA &JU tuefYtowfawG
tvky½f yI af ecsderf mS yJ aps;uGuf owfazmfjycsufrSm 86 qdkwm taMumif ; jyKjyD ; Intel u eJY nVidia udk xdwfwHk;cwf
uvnf; jidrfaerSmr[kwfbJ udk oHk;wwfMuw,f/ Intel Pentiums topf a wG u d k ovdk jzpfaeapvdrfhr,fvdkY
wjznf;jznf; a&GUvsm;aerSm wdkY? AMD wdkY? VIA wdkYeJY wpfqifjh yD;wpfqifh vSnxhf w
k f Brookwood u ,lqxm;
jzpfw,fvYkd jznfph u G af jymMum; wjcm;uk r Ü P D a wG r S m yD p D e J Y vmawmhw,f/ w,f/
cJhao;w,f/ laptops chips tm;vH k ; nVidia taeeJY wu,f
nVidia u Intel eJ Y twG u f tvm;wl wnf vdkY CPUs awG wnfaqmufchJ odyjf y;D tmrcHcsufrMu;D zdYk
AMD aemufcyfvSrf;vSrf;u aqmufrIeJY tajccHxm;avh&Sd r,fqdk&if netbook eJY tvm; vk y f i ef ; qk d i f & mawG & J U
ae paeaprSmr[kwaf y/ t&Sed f w,f/ 'Dvekd YJ tif*sife, D mawG wltqifhawGtwGuf lower- twGif;pnf;u vlawGtwGuf
&aejyD j zpf w J h tif * sif e D , m &JU orkdif;aMumif;trSwfw& end processors tay: &nf thHtm;oifhp&mvdkY r,lqEkdif
jyóemawG&JU axmifacsmuf wpfck jzpfvm&w,f/ &G,fjyD; xkwf vm vdrfh r,f/ ayrJh CPU xkwfr,fqdkwJh
nVidia &JU pdwf0ifpm;p&m architecture ay: xm;cJ h &SdcJhw,f/ aemufqHk; tqHk; r,f?h bufx&Day;Ekid rf ,fh O2
azmfjycsufu tm;vHk;twGuf w,f/ X86 awG&JU CISC owfrSmawmh vGwfvGwfvyf u smartphones awG yd k
arQmv f ifch suaf wG? xifjrifcsuf (Complex Instruction Set vyf vkyfukdifaewJh aqmhzf0J a&mif; & vdrfh r,f/ 0,f,l
awG rvJrG aoG Ed;I qGay;ygvdrhf Computers) csOf ; uyf r I u d k a&mif;csolawGeJY xkwfvkyfol toHk;jyKolawG rsm;vmapvdrfh
r,f/ wcsKdUuawmh xkwfjyef om"ujywJhtaeeJY chip wpf awGu 0,f,ltoHk;jyKolawG r,f/ 'Dtajctaeudk oHk;oyf
csuf u tvsif p vd k j zpf a e ckwnf;rSm ydkjyD;ao;i,fwJh qDu wHYkjyefcsuaf wGtay: rScD kd Munfhjcif;tm;jzifh nVidia udk
w,fvdkY xifMuw,f/ x&efppöwmta&twGuf rsm; vmMu&w,f / Windows low-power chips vk y f z d k Y
Transmeta uscHzl;wJh rsm; oGwfxnfh,lwmxuf MuD;aMumifhvdkYvnf; qdkEkdifyg wGef;tm; jzpfvmapygvdrhf
axmifacsmufvdkvm;vdkYvnf; ydkjyD;xda&mufapr,fh chip vdrfhr,f/ r,f/ b,fvykd jJ zpfjzpf nVidia
Brookwood u ajymao; design rsKd ; ud k tav;ay; 'gayrJh 'DaeY? 'DtcsdefrSm u pdeaf c:rIukd jr§iw
hf if aqmif
w,f/Transmeta u laptop wnfaqmufxm;Muwm jzpf awmh ajymif;jyeftaetxm; &Gufvmr,fqdk&if tcsdefu
awGeJY tvGefjidrfoufwJh yDpD w,f/ jzpf ae cJh w,f/ Mobile pum;ajymvmvd r f h r ,f v d k Y
MuD;awG? low-power pro- tJ'Dwkef;u Power PC phone operators awGudk rSDcdk wifjyvkduf&ygw,f/
cessors awGudk tmrcHcsuf awGu X86 awGxuf ydkjref jyD; zkef;xkwfvkyfolawGeJY zkef; OD;aomif;0if; (yef;cs,f&)D
ay;cJhzl;ygw,f/ w,fvdkY jiif;cHkaqG;aEG;p&m 0,f,l toHk;jyKolawGaemuf [Ref: PC Advisor June
Intel udk wu,fh vuf jzpfcJhw,f/ aqmhzf0JeJY [mh'f0J vkdufaeMu&w,f/ 'gaMumifh 2009]
awGYusus ,SOfjydKifolwpfOD; xkwv f yk o
f al wG Ekid Ef idk ef if;eif; rdkY oufwrf;MumMum oHk;Ekdif
ae&mxm;jyD; ukrP Ü rD mS trsm;
udk zdwfac:Ekdifr,fh tpMuD;
pvku d jf yD;umrS yg0goH;k pGrJ I edrhf
edrfheJY tvGefjrefqefwJh pGrf;
aqmif&nfay;r,fvYkd ajymcJw h hJ
Lenovo eJY NVIDIA wd&Yk UJ aMunmcsuf
olwdkY&JU tmrcHcsuf rvkyfEkdif Lenovo eJY NVIDIA wdkYu yl;wGJjyD; ION graphics processor eJYywfoufjyD; rMumao;rDu
ao;bJ mobile CPUs awG aMunmcsuf xkwfjyefvkdufw,f/ Lenovo taeeJY 'DaeYaps;uGufrSm&Sdae wJh laptops
wDxGifrItay: jr§ifhwifaqmif tao;pm;av;awG&JU *&yfzpfpGrf;aqmif&nfxuf 10 qjrefwJh netbook wpfckudkvnf;
&Guf&if; a':vmawG oef; rdwfqufay;cJhw,f/ NVIDIA &JU ION graphics processor wyfqifay;xm;wJh Idea Pad
aygif ; rsm;pG m oH k ; cJ h w ,f / S12 qdkwJh netbook xGufvmawmhr,fvdkY qdkvdkwmjzpfw,f/ Lenovo Idea Pad S12 rSm
Transmeta &JU chips awGudk jrifuGif;t&G,ftpm; 12 vufr&SdwJh screen av; ygvmrSmjzpfjyD; 160 GB yrmP&SdwJh
us,fus,fjyefYjyefY toHk;csrI okdrSD;pepfxnfhay;vkdufr,fvdkYod&w,f/ bufx&Doufwrf;uvnf; 6
r&Scd b hJ J jyD;cJw
h hJ ESpu
f ek cf geD;rSm em&DMum wpfqufwnf;oHk;Ekdifr,fvdkY
Novafora eJYom tqHk;owf od&w,f/ NVIDIA u Jeff
oGm;cJhw,f/ Fisher taeeJY 'D netbook
av;u game changer ygvdkY
0,f,loHk;pGJolawGqDu pum; qdkvmw,f/ S12 rSm HDM port
oHukd em;pGizhf Ykd ygvmjyD; HD eJY Blu-ray video awGudk
Power PC qdw k mawGukd 1080 p tqifheJY yHhydk;ay;rSm jzpfw,f/
1990 jynfh ESpf awG qD u S12 udk XP eJYjzpfjzpf? Vista eJY
Apple wdkY? IBM wdkYeJY Mo- jzpfjzpf? Windows 7 eJYjzpfjzpf
torola wdkYu zefwD; wnf vkdufavsmnDaxG xnfhoGif;
aqmufcMhJ uw,f/ Power PC toHk;jyKEkdifygvdrfhr,f/ Wi-Fi
chips awGu tifrweftqifh udk vnfcGifhay;xm;wJhtjyif
jrifhwJh RISC (Reduced In- 3G ready jzpfapr,fvdkY od&jyefw,f/
struction Set Computers)
uGefysLwmtaxGaxG
rdro
d ;kH aewJh browser u Web borwser awGxr
cspfpzG,ftaumif;qHk; web browser
J mS tvSyqH;k ?
Internet Explorer &JU security feature wdik ;f avmufe;D eD;u business use twGuf
jynfph kH vHak vmufr&I zdS Ykd jzpfaeapw,f/
toHk;cszdkY viruse awGeJY worm awGudk
cGijhf yKcsuaf v;enf;enf; &vdu k w f meJY 'ku©
ay;vmygvdrhfr,f/
2005 ckEpS t f wGi;f u Service Pack
2 xkwaf y;vdu k jf cif;jzifh WindowsXP udk
vHkjcHKrIawG wkd;jr§ifhvmum tMuD;tus,f
ajymif;vJ uGmjcm;rIjzpfc&hJ w,fqw kd hJ *kPf
owif; ysHUcJh&w,f/ 'DhtwGuf Vista udk
ypfcwfvmr,fu h snjf yD;apzdYk qwkd hJ ajcvSr;f
u tifrwef tvSrf;uGmvSw,f/ Mi-
crosoft u User Account Control
vlod&SifMum; xnfhay;vdkufw,f/ wpfck
ck csKUd ,Gi;f csuf &Scd &hJ ifyif ab;uif;Edik af pzdYk
Apple Safari 3.2.1 feature topfawGuyif 'D browser r&Sdovdk oD;jcm; security zones awG
Apple &J U Safari browser rS m xuf ydkjyD; toHk;0ifaewm awGUEdkifw,f/ vnf; r&Scd ahJ y/ ydjk yD; pdwyf sufp&m aumif;
tvGefaumif;wJh feature awG awmfawmf Java Script qdkwm Virtual machine wmu Java Script vHk;0 rvkyfEdkifwmbJJ
rsm;rsm; &Sdaeygw,f/ Security granu- environment wpfcktwGif;rSm vnfywf jzpfw,f/ 'DtcsufaMumifh MuD;rm;wJt h xd
larity eJY security zones awG rygcJhay/ apwm jzpfayrJh 'D browser uawmh wm; csKUd ,Gi;f rI jzpfomG ;apw,f/ Google tae
aumif;rGefwJh pop-up blocking? aumif; jrpfxm;w,f/ eJY malicious Java Script awGudk sand-
rGefwJh Local Password Protection eJY uHraumif;vSpGmbJ Chrome rS box xJrSm zrf;,lEdkifygw,f qdkcJhwJhwdkif
tHhtm;oifhp&maumif;wJh wduswJh anti- ajymifajrmufwJh security granularity vHkavmufwJh tajctae r[kwfay/ 'ku©
phiship filter awG ygw,f/ uHraumif;
pGmyJ DEP awmh rpGrf;aqmifEdkifcJhay/
wu,f&SdzdkY vdktyfwJht&m jzpfw,f/ Sa- 'Dvdk prf;oyfcJhMuw,f
fari rSm 0Supf ma&;enf; tm;enf;csuf yHyh ;kd Beta tygt0if browser trsKd;tpm;wpfckpD&JU aemufqHk;xkwf trsm;qHk; ver-
rIwdkY Advanced Encryption Standard sion udk download vkyf,lcJhw,f/ Windows Vista Enterprise Service Pack
(AES) ciphers wdYk? 256 bit key wdYk ECC (SP1) eJY WindowsXP Pro (SP3) wdkY&JU 32 bit version awGudk tjypftemtqmr&Sd
ciphers wdYk rygwmudv k nf; awGU&w,f/ vnfywfaewJh test systems awGay:rSm install vkyf,lw,f/ Security setting
Safari u tjrJwrf;vdkvdk down- tm;vHk;udk Munfh½Ippfaq; oHk;oyfMunfhw,f/ Clarification twGuf a&mif;csol&JU
load rvkyfrD tvdktavsmuf prompts pm&Gufpmwrf;awGudk ppfaq;,lw,f/ Browser wpfckpDudk Cab twGif;rSm MunfhwJh
av; azmfjyay;jyD; pGefYpm; vufcH&r,fh Pre-defined tests eJY online tests awG tMudrfMudrfvkyfcJhwm tygt0if tests awG
file tcsKdUudk tumtuG,f jyKay;w,f/ tMudrf ta&twGuf awmfawmfrsm;rsm;eJY cHpm;Munfhapw,f/ Malicions websites
Safari rSm aumif;wJh cookie control awG od&Sdxm;? rxm; browser awGudk azmfxkwfMunfhw,f/
ygw,f/ 'Dprf;oyfcsufxJrSm Safari eJY Java Script awmfawmfrsm;rsm;ygwJh Jason &JU Toolbox wdkY Java eJY pop-up
Google &JU Chrome ESpfckom default eJY blocker testing sites wdkY cross site scripting testing sites wdkYeJY browser-pri-
third-party cookie a&;wmawGukd tum vacy test sites wdkYvdk browser-security prf;oyfppfaq;ay;wJh sites awmfawmfrsm;
tuG , f jyKay;Ed k i f w J h t wG u f tvG e f rsm; online test xJrSm yg0ifcJhw,f/ Password Manager Evaluator toHk;jyKxm;wJh
aumif;wJh privacy bonus vdkY qdk&rSm browser &JU password udkifwG,frIqdkif&m vHkjcHKa&;pepfawG Gibson Research Cor-
jzpfw,f/ poration &JU Cookie forensics toHk;jyKxm;wJh cookie udkifwG,frIqdkif&m vHkjcHKa&;
Local password protection u pepfawGuv kd nf; prf;oyfcw
hJ ,f/ 1157 site ay:rSm yHyh ;kd aqmif&u
G x
f m;wJh links awGukd
cdik rf mvSw,fqakd yrJh Safari rSm twGvJ u
kd f toHk;csjyD; Extended Validation vufrSwfawGudk ppfaq;prf;oyfcJhw,f/
remote password handling rSmawmh Shadow Server tygt0if trsm;oH;k eJY wpfu, kd af &oH;k malware sites pm&if;xJ
tm;enf;aewm awGU&w,f/ Apple &JU u malware vuf&Sd xif&Sm; &Sdaew,fvdkY odxm;cJhorQ sites awmfawmfrsm;rsm;udk
tool awGu tvGefMunfhvdkYaumif;wJh 0ifa&mufMunfhcJhw,f/ Phish Tank &JU avmuGufawGeJY tvm;wl trIwGJzGifhxm;wJh
browser jzpfapygw,f/ 'gayrJh olY&JU sites phishing websites vdkY odxm;orQawG av;ig;ajcmufq,favmufudkvnf;
vHkjcHKrIqdkif&m t&nftaoG;uawmh a&SU 0ifa&muf Munfh½IcJhygao;w,f/ Local Processes eJY xnfhoGif;pOf? vnfywfpOf
aemuf rnDrnGwf &Sdaeygao;w,f/ &Edkifr,fh resources awGudk OD;aqmifjyay;zdkY Process Explorer udk oHk;cJhygw,f/
Microsoft Network Monitor Overview eJY jzpfjzpf? Wieshort eJYjzpfjzpf toHk;csjyD;
Google Chrome 1.0 browser &JU network traffic tay: teHYcHMunfhcJhjyD; owif;,dkpdrfhrItwGuf results
Google &JU yxrqHk; browser u awGudk ppfMunfhcJhw,f/
security wpfck jzpfaew,f/ taumif; prf;oyfoal wGtaeeJY csichf sed w
f ikd ;f xGmzdYktwGuf metasploit eJY milwOrm tygt0if
qHk; security model vdkY tpcsDcJhw,f/ Public vulnerability testing awGudkvnf; vkyfcJhao;w,f/ aysmhuGuf? [muGuf
'gayrJh security features awG&JU tqHk; pm&if;Z,m;awGudk seunia eJY jzpfjzpf CVE eJY jzpfjzpf aumuf,lMunfhw,f/
owfcsufwpfcktaeeJY ar;cGef;xkwfp&m 'ghtjyif browser wpfckcsif; prf;oyf toHk;jyKrIawG &ufowåywf tawmfMum
&Sdr,fh qHk;jzwfcsufawG &SdvmEdkifygvdrhf xyfrH toHk;jyKMunfhjyD; patching intervals awGeJY wjcm;vkyfaqmifcsuf awmfawmf
r,f/ Vista eJY twlygvmwJh security rsm;rsm; yg0ifcJhygw,f/
axG;rIawG &Sdw,f/ ActiveX controls ay;xm;w,f/ yDpDaygif; wpfoef;rSm 10 vdrhfr,f/ txifMuD;avmufp&m secu-
twGuf yHhydk;rIawGu ydkjyD; pGefYpm;p&m ckavmufu 'Dvkd vdt k yfcsu&f w
dS wf w,f/ rity granularity &Swd ,f/ anti DOS han-
jzpfoGm;wwfw,f/ 'gayrJh business 'D IE uyJ 'Dvdk ay:vpDawG desktop dling aumif;w,f/ Extended Valida-
support awGu txifMuD;p&mvnf; awG tm;vHk;tMum; csif;eif;0ifa&mufzdkY tion vufrSwf wif;wif;usyfusyf vkyf
aumif;aejyefw,f/ Security granular- cGifhjyKxm;w,f/ xm;w,f/ jydKifbufuif;wJh feature
ity tav;xm;rIawGeYJ rwlnw D hJ ,HMk unf IE.8.0 rS m feature topf a wG awmfawmfrsm;rsm;ygw,f/ 'gayrJh wu,f
rIqikd &f m requirements awGeYJ twl web- awmfawmfrsm;rsm;ygvmw,f/ ActiveX wrf; vufawGUavhvmMunfhwJhtcg aps;
sites awGudk xdxda&mufa&muf toHk;cs y½dk*&rf&JU per-user wdkY? per-site con- uGu&f ,S ,f m odyrf &vSay/ IE eJY Firefox
Edik zf Ykd multiple security zones awG &Sad e trol wdYk eYJ wjcm; add-ons awG tygt0if browser awGudk rausmfvTm;Edkifay/ aysmh
ygw,f/ Browser twGuf built-in pa- jzpfw,f/ tajccH security model udk uGu?f [muGuaf wG &Sad ecJah yrJh awmfawmf
rental controls eJY granular add-on ydkwdk;vmatmifvkyfwJhae&mrSm Google rsm;rsm; xdk;ESufcsufawGudk wdkufcdkufEdkif
manager wpfckvnf; ygao;w,f/ Chrome jyD;&if IE yJ jzpfw,f/ Secu- pGrf; &Sdw,f/
IE.8.0 u multiple security zones rity Feature wdkif;avmufeD;eD;u busi- todomqHk; tm;enf;csufu DEP
wpfavQmufrSm customisible setting ness use twGuy f J &nfreS ;f wnfaqmuf wdkY ASLR wdkY? ECC (Elliptical Curse
aygif; 1200 ausmf yHhydk;ay;xm;w,f/ xm;w,f/ Cryptgraphy) chiper wdYk yHy h ;kd rIr&Sw
d mbJ
OyrmtaeeJY tar&dueftpdk;& tvdk&SdwJh jzpfw,f/ Opera udk axmufcHol ydkrsm;
FDCC (Federal Desktop Core Con- Opera 9.63 vmzdkYtwGuf 'Dvdk avsmhenf;? tm;enf;rI
figuration) eJY FIPS (Federal Informa- yDpaD vmurSm aps;uGu&f ,
S ,
f m yd&k zdYk awGudk jyKjyif jznfhqnf;zdkY vdkygw,f/
tion Processing Standards awG oihfawmfwJh solid browser vdkY qdk&yg OD;aomif;0if; (yef;cs,f&)D
2 oif
&h u
UJ eG yf sLwmudk t&dyf yGm;xm;yg
oifhuGefysLwmonf taumif;qHk;qdkonfhwdkif a&&SnfrSm Backup jyKvyk rf nfh drive
udak &G;cs,fjy;D onfh tcg
oifpw d af useyfz, G jf zpfaer,f r[kwyf g/ wpfcsdecf sderf mS pepfzikd f
option rsm;udk a&G;
awG ysufvmr,f/ Drivers zdkifawG tcsif;csif; tqifrajywm cs,fowfrw S yf g/ Backup
jzpfvmr,f/ tqdk;qHk;u Adkif;&yfpfyg/ Spyware, malware, vkyfief;pOfudk tpjyK&ef
adware, spam, worms, trojan horse rsm;udv k nf; uGeyf sLwm Next cvkwu f kd EdyS yf g/
udk 'ku©ay;vdkY Adkif;&yfpfvdkYyJ pkaygif;ajymvdkufygw,f/ tJ'D tcsderf nfrQ Mumrnfqo kd nf
tzsufawGu oifhuGefysLwmudk aES;vmatmif? oHk;r&atmif rSm oifh drive t&G,t f pm;
jyKvkyvf mygvdrrhf ,f/ 'Dawmh bmrSrjzpfcif pepfzikd rf sm;tygt0if tay: rlwnfygw,f/
zdkifawGudk aumfyDyGm;xm;yg/ aqmif;yg;awGrSm ghost vkyfw,f
vdkY oHk;EIef;wwfygw,f/ Ghost odkYr[kwf ghost imaging w,fqdk&ifawmh www.runtime.org/ udk zGifhMunhfyg/ tJ'DrSm
qdw k m oif[ h mh''f pfxu J zdik af wGukd tpkta0;wpfct k jzpf aumfyD DriveImage XML Backup software udk &,lprf;oH;k Munhy f g/
ul;xm;wmudk qdkvdkygw,f/ trsm;tm;jzifh compressed file Backup tjyif browse, restore, copy vkyfief;pOf rsm;vnf;
tjzpf jyKvkyfjyD; aumfyDyGm;xm;wmyg/ [mh'f'pfxJu appli- yg0ifygw,f/ Home users awGtwGuf tcrJh ay;jyD; vkyif ef;oH;k
cation tcsut f vufzikd rf sm;eJY pepfzikd af wGtygt0if zdik t
f m;vH;k (commercial users) rsm;twGuf wefz;kd ay;acs0,f&ygvdrr
hf ,f/
udk tjcm;[mh'f'pfwpfvHk;odkYr[kwf pD'Dcsyfrsm;odkYr[kwf oD;jcm;
jyify[mh'f'pfwpfvHk;odkY aumfyDjyKvkyfxm;jcif; jzpfygw,f/
Backup vkyfief;pOftwGuf Norton Ghost udk nTef;yg
r,f/ ¤if;onf vkyfudkif&vG,fuljyD; aps;vnf; rrsm;yg/ aqmif
3
jyD/
Backup vkyi f ef;pOfukd tcsderf eS f jyKvyk yf g
Backup vkyfief;pOftwGuf trSwfpOf (2) a&;xm;jyD;yg
oifhuGefysLwmrSm backup b,fESMudrf vkyfxm;jyD;jyDvJ/
&Gufay;EdkifcsufawGvnf; rsm;ygw,f/ ½dk;½dk;pif;pif;yJ oHk;csif wu,fawmh tjrJwrf; rvdktyfyg/ oifonf uGefysLwmrSm
tcsut f vuftopfawGwifr,f? aqmhz0f t J opfwifr,f ponf
xl;jcm;wJhvkyfief;pOfrsm;udk aqmif&Guf&wJh tcsdefrsKd;rSmawmh
backup vkyfoifhygw,f/ 'DtwGuf trSwfpOf (2) rSm a&;xm;
ygw,f/
Backup vkyfzdkY&m Windows Vista twGuf Start/Con-
trol Panel udk zGifhjyD; 'System and Maintenance' atmufu
'Back up files' cvkwu f kd uvpfvyk yf g/ b,frmS odr;f rvJq&kd if
'On a hard disk, CD or DVD' wpfckckodkY a&G;cs,fnTef;ay;
vdkufyg/ Windows XP rSmvnf; vG,fygw,f/ Start/ All
DriveImage XML onf tcrJh &,lo;kH Edik w f hJ aqmhz0f jJ zpfygw,f/ Programs/Accessories/System Tools uae Backup udk
oif[ kH Jh backup vkyif ef;pOfukd aqmif&u
h mh''f pftwGuf jy;D jynfph w G f uvpfvkyfvdkufyg/
ay;Edik yf gw,f/
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
Asus Eee PC MSI -U115 Hybrid Samsung N120 Samsung N110 MSI Wind U100
○
○
○
○
1000 HE Netbook Netbook Netbook Netbook
○
○
600 a':vm
○
○
410 a':vm 439 a':vm 459 a':vm 430 a':vm
○
○
Editor Rating 9.0 Editor Rating 9.0 Editor Rating 9.0 Editor Rating 8.8 Editor Rating 8.7
○
○
○
○
○
○
Specs Specs Specs Specs
○
○
1.66 GHz Intel Atom 1.6 GHz Intel Atom Specs
1.6 GHz Intel Atom 1.6 GHz Intel Atom
○
○
N280 processor 1 GB N270 processors 1.6 GHz Intel Atom
○
○
Z530 processor N270 processor 160
N270 processors
○
○
RAM 1 GB -RAM GB hard drive 1 GB RAM
○
○
160 GB hard drive 160 GB hard drive 1GB RAM
32 GB SSD 10.2 inch display
○
○
10.1 inch display 80 GB hard drive
○
○
10.1 inch display 160 GB hard drive Integrated Intel GMA
10 inch display
○
○
Integrated Intel 10 inch display 945 Integrated Intel GMA
○
○
GNA945 945 Integrated Intel GMA
Integrated Intel UMA
○
○
Windows XP Home X 3100
○
○
Window XP Home Windows XP Home Windows XP Home
○
○
Windows XP Home
○
○
ta&;MuD;aomtcsuf
○
○
ta&;MuD;aomtcsuf ta&;MuD;aomtcsuf ta&;MuD;aomtcsuf
○
○
top-notch uD ; ta&;MuD;aomtcsuf
○
○
Asus &J U Eee Storage twGuf bk w f wyf q if x m; pG r f ; aqmif & nf
○
○
t &G,f t pm;?
○
○
PC awG x J r S m tck SSD eJY hard drive ESpf ay;jyD; audio tvGef u txif M uD ; p&m
○
○
tav;csd e f e J Y pwk d i f
tcsd e f x d taumif ; aumif;ovdk bufx&D
○
○
rsKd;vHk; wyfqifxm; aumif;w,f/ buf aumif;jyD; pGrf;aqmif
○
○
qHk;vdkY ajymvdkY&w,f/ ay;w,f/ SSD eJY 9 ouf w rf ; uvnf ;
○
○
x&Doufwrf;vnf; &nfuvnf; pdww f idk ;f
○
Mum&SnfcHw,f/ ○
,cifxkwfcJhwJh 1000 cells buf x &D w d k Y aumif;w,f/
○
usp&m aumif;w,f/
○
Netbook twef ;
&Sad pzdYk rGr;f rHjznfq
h nf;
○
ay;xm;w,f/ jyKEkdifw,f/
○
uwnf;u 'DaeYtxd
○
ESpo
f ufp&m tqif0h if
jzpfaeqJ jzpfw,f/
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
Maingear X- Maingear HP Pavilion MSI Wind Top AE Dell Studio
○
○
○
○
○
Cube AccessHD Slimline s3750 t 1900 - 05 SUS Hybrid
○
○
○
2885 a':vm
○
(Maui)
○
○
450 a':vm 599 a':vm 874 a':vm
○
○
○
Editor's Rating 8.4 2110 a':vm Editor's Rating 7.2 Editor's Rating 7.2 Editor's Rating 6.9
○
○
○
○
○
Editor's Rating 8.1
○
○
○
Specs Specs Specs
○
○
○
2.83 GHz Core 2 Specs 1.6 GHz Intel Atom 2.1 GHz Core 2 Duo
○
○
○
Specs 2.6 GHz Pentium
Quad Q9550 proces-
○
330 (dual-core) T8100 processor
○
○
2GHz Phenom Dual Core E5300
○
○
○
sor 2 GB -DDR2 2GB - DDR2
X46350 processor
○
○
○
4 GB- DDR2 3GB -DDR2 250 GB hard drive 250 GB hard drive
○
○
○
4GB - DDR2 640 GB hard drive
750 GB hard drives -
○
○
○
1TB hard drive DVD + RW DVD + RW
DVD + RW
○
○
○
2 Nos 18.5 inch integrated 19 inch LCD
Blu-ray Reader/ DVD
○
○
○
DVD + RW Nvidia Geforce 9300 LCD (touch screen) integrated Intel 965
○
○
○
+ RW (256 MB)
ATI Radeon HD4870
○
○
○
ATI integrated Integrated Intel GMA Express graphics
Windows Vista Home
○
○
(1GB)- 2NOS ○
○
○
○
○
○
○
Premium
Premium
○
○
ta&;MuD;aomtcsuf
○
○
ta&;MuD;aomtcsuf ta&;MuD;aomtcsuf
○
○
ta&;MuD;aomtcsuf multimedia
○
○
○
○
tjrefEIef; tjrifh Audio eJY video toH k ; jyKzd k Y tcG i f h i,feYJ pwkid u
f sapr,fh
○
○
aumif;ovkd aps;EIef;
○
○
qH;k eJY vnfywf aqmif twGuf vHkavmufwJh tvrf;&SdjyD; 18 'or green aps;uG u f 0 if
○
ukdawmh tjynfht0
○
Self Study
uGurf mS &Sad ewJh branded PC awGukd 0,fr,fq&kd if a':vm 500
xuf edrhfuswJh system r&Sdoavmuf jzpfaewwfw,f/ 'DaeY
twGuf tydkaqmif;armfeDwmwpfvHk; xyfwyfr,fqdk&if wGJzuf vdkwmrdkY western digital caviar blue 750 GB udkyJ a&G;cs,fcJh
wyfqif toHk;jyKEdkifrSm jzpfwmaMumifh jzpfw,f/ M2A-VM w,f/ wu,fvdkYrsm; 'DtrsKd;tpm;udk r&vnf; aps;oufom
twGuf a':vm 70 yJ ukefusygvdrhfr,f/ CPU twGuf 2.9 wJh OEM drives wpfckckudk xnfhoGif; wyfqifr,fqdk&ifvnf;
GHz AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core 5600+ udk oH;k ygr,f/ jzpfygw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm RAID system twGuf xnfhrwGufbl;
vGefcJhwJh ESpftenf;i,fuqdk&if dual-core qdkwmeJY tqrwef vdkY rSwf,lxm;Edkifygvdrhfr,f/
aps;MuD;vGef;w,f/ tckawmh a':vm 60 avmufeJY 0,f,l Optical drive twGuf ASUS DRW-2014 L1 udk a&G;cs,f
&&SdEdkifygw,f/ rSm jzpfw,f/ a':vm 40 avmufyJ wefaMu;&Sdw,f/ Memory
System xnfhzdkY tdrftaeeJY a&G;cs,f&mrSm midsize jzpfwJh twGuf b,fvdk fancy rsKd;rS rvdkwJhtwGuf a&G;cs,f& vG,fyg
Cooler Master Elite 360 tower case eJY 350 W power sup- w,f/ 2GB RAM yrmP&Sw d hJ kingston xkwf memory KVR
ply udk a&G;cs,f,lygw,f/ PSU taeeJY wattage edrfhw,fvdkY 667 D2N5K2/2G udk wyfqifrmS jzpfw,f/
qdkEdkifygw,f/ 'gayrJh *drf;upm;Edkifaomfvnf; *drf;upm;r,fh Configuration twGuf oHo,jzpfp&m rvdkay/ bwf
uGefysLwmvdkY oD;jcm; owfrSwfavmufwJh tqihfrsKd; r[kwfwJh *suftajctaeudkMunfhjyD; wyfqifwnfaqmufzdkY &nf&G,fxm;
twGuf yg0gtm; vHkavmufrI&Sdygw,f/ 'Dvdk owfrSwfcsuf wJhtwGuf vdktyfovdk configure vkyf,l&rSm jzpfw,f/ 'Dvdk
aMumifh oD;jcm; graphics card vnf; xnfhroHk;ay/ t&G,f prf;oyf wnfaqmufMunfhwJhtcg tqifajyacsmarGUpGmeJY vnf
tpm;jynfh ATX rm;om;bkwt f xd 0ifqrhH ,fh Case jzpfygw,f/ ywf aqmif&u G Ef ikd w
f mudk awGU&w,f/ ukeu f sp&dwaf wGukd aygif;
txJrmS drives awG xnfo h iG ;f zdYk tvHt
k avmuf ae&m&Sad eaprSm MunfhvdkufwJhtcg a':vm 400 avmufyJ usoihfwm awGU&
jzpfw,f/ Storage ydkif;qdkif&mtwGuf "mwfyHkawG? music awG w,f/
avmufyJ odkrSD;r,fhudpö jzpfwJhtwGuf disk rpm vdk specs
awG xnfhwGufaep&m rvdkay/ vHkvHkavmufavmuf 0ifqHhzdkYyJ
Case &JrU sufEmS pm panel udk jzKwfjy;D temporary face optical drive eJY hard drive wdu
Yk kd xnfo
h iG ;f ,lw,f/
plates awGukd jzKwx f wk &f w,f/
[mh'0f aJ wGtm;vH;k wyfqifjy;D jyrD Ykd wiring udk pwifvyk &f w,f/
pin-20 &Sw d hJ power socket udk &Smjy;D power supply connector
eJY wyfqifay;&w,f/ CPU em;u four-pin socket rSmvnf; quf
oG,w f yfqif,w l ,f/ aemufq;kH external USB port wd?Yk indicator
light wd?Yk status display wdeYk YJ audio jack wdt Yk wGuf MuKd ;awGukd
rm;om;bkwu f oufqikd &f mae&mtoD;oD;rSmqufo, G af y;&w,f/ In-
ternal drive awGtwGuf lead MuKd ;awGuv kd nf; qufo, G , f &l w,f/
Hard drive udk drive bay xJoYkd avQmxnfh Optical drive udk case &JU a&Su
U ae avQmxnfh wyfqif&w,f/
wyfqif&w,f/
quftm;jzifh 'DarQmfrSef;csuf awGudk ydkjyD; jrefjref &SmazGEkdif Ekdifrnfr[kwfyg/ 'gayrJh wpf awG upload, download vkyf
awGjzpfvmatmif a&G;cs,frI wmrsKd;/ aeYwm b,fvt kd m½Hpk u
dk &f r,f Ekdifygw,f/
awG vkyfay;&r,f/ The Sims 3 [m tm;ay; qdkwm a&G;ay;Ekdifw,f/ vkyf "Story progression"
oifh&JU sims u atmif csD;ajr§mufrI rewards udv k nf; azmfuidk zf uf coworkers awG qdkwJh option zGifhxm;&if tdrf
jrifwJh pm;awmfuJjzpfcsifwm [efcsufrQpGm ay;xm;w,f/ eJY odatmifvyk &f rSmvm;/ 'grS eD;em;csif; sims awGtm;vHk;
qdk&if owif;pmrSm tvkyf&Sm a&&SnfarQmfrSef;csuf aspira- r[kwf ukd,fykdif research olwdkYb0awGeJY olwdkYjzpfysuf
wJhtcg rSefuefwJh career udk tions omrubJ tvkyt f ukid f vkyf&rSmvm;qdkwmawG? Mu- vIyf&Sm;aeMur,f/ MuD;jyif;
a&G;yg/ Cooking skills wuf career eJY b@ma&; finan- sic theory udk avhvmjcif;eJY vmwm? vuf x yf M uwm?
vmzdYk pmtkyqf idk o
f mG ;jyD; cook- cial wdk;wufrIawGuygjzpfyg logic skill yg wufvmap tvkyfawG&? &mxl;wdk;wm?
books awG0,fyg/ tm;tm; w,f/ w,f/ cJwpfvHk;eJY iSufESpf uav;&wmawG j zpf w ,f /
&Sdoa&GU csufjyKwfaejyD; skill wu,fhvlawGvdkyJ oifh aumifypfovdk paycheck 'Dawmh ppfreS w
f hJ virtual com-
bar wuf v mwmMunf h y g/ &JU sims awGu ydkaumif;wJh aiGaMu;eJY improved skill yg munity MuD ; vd k jzpf v myg
Cooking classes w,f / ]]oif h t d r f
awGwufjyD; pro- jyifyrSm vkyw f thJ &m
cess udk jrefatmif u oifhtdrfwGif;rSm
vkyf vkdY awmif & vk y f w J h t&mvd k y J
w,f/ 'gayrJh tJ'D wef;wl ta&;MuD;
vdkqdk simoleans vmw,f}} vdkY de-
enf;enf; ukefus veloper awGu qdk
vdrfhr,f/ xm;ygw,f/
Goal wkdif;u Sandbox play
awmh a& &Snf Mum vk d Y ac:wJ h tzG i f h
jrifph mG vkypf &m rvdk oabm OD;wnf&mrJh
ygbl;/ ay:vmwJh gameplay eJY &nf
ydkao;aom tasks rS e f ; csuf oD ; oD ;
awG vkyfaqmifay; oefYoefY&dS specific
jcif;jzifhvnf; oifh goals gameplay
sim &JU mood eJ Y tMum; rQrQww &Sd
happiness awG ygw,f/ t½kyt f oH
wifay;Ekdifygw,f/ ykdif;rSm ESpfvdkzG,f
tcsKd U t&mawG u aumif;w,f/ t&if
tdyf&mjyifqdkwmrsKd; tawmf ypön;f ? tdref YJ O,smOfawG tjrJ ESpfckpvHk; &vmygvdrfhr,f/ *drf;xuf tjywf omvmwm
av; ½dk;pif;jyD; tcsKdUuawmh vdkcsifMuw,f/ vrf;wpfavQmufrSm trsKd;rsKd; awGu pdwfMudKufoGm;vmEkdif
appliances ig;ck tqifhjr§ifh ppcsif ; rS m oif [ m aom a&G;p&mvrf;awG &Sdaeyg wJhjrdKU town ? sim &JU char-
ygqdo k nfrsKd;? tcsdeef nf;enf; ravmufav; ravmufpm;u vdrfhr,f/ acter rSm traits ig;ckeJY per-
,lw,f/ &vmwJh points awG p&w,f/ 'gayrJh a&G;cs,fxm; Buy and Build modes sonality azmfEkdifrI? ukd,fxdef;
eJY toHk;usaom ypönf;awG wJh career track rSm wdk;wuf uawmh ypönf;ypö,awG0,f csKyfxm;wmr[kwfwJh tjcm;
0,f,lEkdifw,f/ vmwmeJYtrQ ykdufqHawGydk& ,ljyD; style concept zefwD; sims tm;vHk;rSmvnf; ouf
b,fawmhrS tdrfom ydkY vmjyD; tvkyv f yk &f wm ydek nf; um furniture ,appliances 0if vIyf&Sm; wdk;wufrI pro-
p&mrvdkawmhwJh steel blad- vmum aysmf&iT zf , G f fun stuff awG pdwfMudKufrGrf;rHqif,if gression &Sdjcif;awG jzpfyg
der vdk[mrsKd;? taumif;pm; awGvkyfzdkY tcsdefydk&vmr,f/ jc,f o wmawG y gyJ / The w,f/ aemufxyf expan-
ygwDyaJG wG tjrJ vkyaf y;Ekid w f m t&ifuvdkyJ tvkyfvkyfcsdefrSm Sims 3 &JU online features sion rsm;pGm xGufvmzdkY&m &Sd
rsKd;? tjcm; sims awG&JU traits oif[m oifh sim udk xde;f csKyf uaejyD; shared contents w,f/
atmufarhzG,ftcsdefrJh*drf;rsm;
Counter ypfr,f/ Gen- yg&SdqJ/ *drfrmawG wu,fESpf
eral wdu
k rf ,f/ Warcraft ckwf jcdKufjrwfEdk;jyD; umvtawmf
r,f/ Net Game awG 'Dvdk Mum tzefzefupm;jzpfum
a&yef;pm; mainstream jzpf genre tay: yHkpHjyK MoZm
rvmcif u wnf ; u a&S ; OD ; vTrf;cJhwJh *drf;awG&SdcJhygw,f/
vrf;azmufcJhol *drfrmawG&SdcJh
zl;w,f/ olwdkYacwfumv 1. AOE II
community t0ef;t0kdif;u 2000 jynfhESpfrSm AOE
vnf; usJyg;? resources awG II &J U expansion Age of
vnf; &Sm;yg;pOfrSmudk 0g,r Kings u aumfyDaygif; ESpf
tm;pkdufxkwfrIawGeJY ,aeY oef;a&mif;&jyD;jyD/ 2002 ckEpS f
acwfvdkyJ tav;teuf pl; rSm AOE &JU spin-off Age &wmu jynfwGif;rSm multi- Starcraft
pk d u f a ysmf a rG Y c J h M uwm/ jyef of Mythology xGufw,f/ player LAN *dr;f tjzpf yxr
ajymif;oHk;oyfMunfhr,fqdk&if 2005 ckESpfrSm AOE III xGuf qHk; us,fus,fjyefYjyefY upm; Muwmawmh multiplayer rSm
,aeY acwfpm;ygw,fqdkwJh w,f/ Oa&my&JU tar&du cJhMuíygyJ/ wu,fhorkdif; military units awGxkwfjyD;
*d r f ; awG & J U taiG Y touf wkduftay: udkvdkeDjyKrlZmwf aMumif; aemufcHtcsufawG wkdufckduf acsrIef;zdkY&momyJ/
oabmt,lawG[m xdkacwf aMumif;tm; tajcwnfw,f/ tay: tajcwnfjyD; Middle 'gayrJh pD;yGm;a&;? enf;ynm?
umv *E¦0if*drf;awG&JU MoZm Home City vdkYac:wJh ta&; Age acwfumv&JU vlrsKd;EG,f bmoma&; rsufESmpmawG cyf
vTrf;rdk;oufqif;rItjzpf jrif ygxif&mS ;wJh feature awG yg&Sd civilization rsm;pGmrS a&G;cs,f yg;yg;ukid w
f ,G &f ygao;w,f/
Ekdifw,f/ *drf;aygif;rsm;pGm vmw,f/ 'gayrJh *drrf mawG&UJ upm;Ekdifw,f/ Dark Age, *drf;&JU*&yfzpfu *drf;&JUtheme
ay:vmvk d u f ? aysmuf o G m ; pdwfESvHk;udk EdI;qGzdkY&mawmh Feudal Age rSpjyD; Imperial taiGYtoufudk vkdufzufnD
vkduf/ 'DtxJu tcsKdU*drf;awG AOE II avmuf jyif;xefjcif; Age txdtqifhqifhwdk;wuf o½kyfay:apygw,f/ AOE
&JU0dnmOftaoG;tom;uawmh r&Sdawmhygbl;/ jyD; acwfawGajymif;atmifvyk f pD ; &D ; 5 quf a vmuf r S m
aemufrsKd;qufawGrSm &Sifoef 'D*drf;udk rSwfrSwf&&jzpf zdkYvdkw,f/ Resources awG tenf;qHk;wpfrsKd;udk aumfyD
pkaqmif;? Tech enf;ynmawG wpfoef;pDavmuf a&mif;cJh&
wufatmifvkyf? Army awG w,fvdkY qdkEkdifygw,f/
xkwfjyD; jydKifbufawG wkduf
ckdufESdrfeif;&wJh real-time 2. Starcraft
strategy genre &JU pHjy typi- Military eJY sci-fi udk
cal yHkpH0ifw,f/ &Gmom; vil- tom;ay;wJh 'D RTS *drf;
lagers awGxkwfjyD; xif;ckwf? 1998 ckESpfrSm xGufcJhw,f/
trJvu dk ?f a&Tridk ;f wl; pwmawG 2009 azazmf0g&DvrSm aumfyD
vkyfckdif;&w,f/ t"du upm; aygif; 11 oef; a&mif;&cJhjyD;
jyD/ Starcraft &JU ay:jyLvm
AOE II jzpfrIu *if;epfurÇmhpHcsdefrSwf
Download #Dum
tykid ;f (5)
Playlists
5 rdrad y;vdw
k hJ trnfwpfcuk ½kd u
kd o
f iG ;f
vkdufjyD; 'Save' button udk ESdyfay;
6 rdrdtopfzefwD;vkdufwJh playlist u
nmbufjcrf;rSm ay:vmw,f/
r[kwfbJ playlist uom
z,fxkwfypfwm jzpfw,f/
playlist xJrSm &SdaewJh
vkduf&if rdrd&JU Library xJrSm aw;*Dw oDcsif;xyfjznfhcsifao; aw;*DwoDcsif;awGu rlv&SdcJhwJh
playlist wpfckxnfhjyD; jzpfoGm;yg w,fqdk&ifvnf; 'Playlists' icon library rSm &Sdaeao;wmaMumifh
vdrfhr,f/ av;ay:udk drag vkyfjyD; xnfhay;½Hk library u z,fxkwfrypfrcsif;
yJjzpfw,f/ library xJrSm &Sdaeygvdrfhr,f/
1 b,fbufatmufajcaxmifhu "+"
icon av;ay:udk click vkyfyg/
2 rdrd playlist twGuf trnfwpfckudk
½dkufoGif;ay;vkduf&w,f/
3 Playlist ay:rSm click vkyfvkduf&if
main labrary 0if;'dk;twGif;rS
Screen &JUb,fbufjcrf;wpfavQmuf contents awG ay:vmvdrfhr,f/
rSm trnfay;rxm;wJh playlist wpfck Playlist xJrSm bmrSr&Sdao;&if
ay:vmvdrfhr,f/ teufa&mif screen rSmvnf; Avmjzpfaevdrfh
musical note av;ygwJh tjyma&mif r,f/
icon av;wpfckeJYtwl ukd,fpm;jyK
xm;w,f/
4 Library xJu&SdorQtm;vHk;MunfhzdkY
screen &JU xdyfay:u library icon
5 Playlist wpfckwnf;udk jznfhay;zdkY
library uae aw;oDcsif;wpfyk'fjzifh
6 rd r d t vd k & S d w J h aw;oD c sif ; awG
playlist xJudka&mufoGm;ygjyD/
t0gav;ay:udk click vky,f &l w,f/ aw;oDcsif;yk'fa& awmfawmfrsm;rsm;
ay:vmwJh tpDtpOftwkdif; oDcsif;
udkjzihf playlist icon ay:udk drag
awG zGifhay;ygvdrfhr,f/
vkyf,ljyD; xnfhay;vkduf&w,f/
Automating Photoshop
With Actions
'Dv tutorial rSm Photoshop &JU marco function jzpfwhJ actions awGtaMumif; ajymjyoGm;ygw,f/
trSefudk &ifqkdifMupdkY&JU/ cifAsm;u pOf tvH;k pHk rSwo f m;xm;apjyD; "mwfyakH wG vkyfief;pOftqifhqifhudk pkpnf; rSwfom;
ysif;w,f r[kwfvm;/ OK/ 'gjyóem wpfyjkH yD;wpfykH uvpfwpfcsuEf ydS ½f ekH YJ yHo
k iG f xm;jyD; wpfckwnf;aom command
r[kwfygbl;/ ½IwfcscsifvkdY ajymaewm ajymif;oGm;apEkdifr,fqdk&if b,fES,fhae tjzpf vkyfaqmifw,f/ Actions awG?
r[kwfbl;/ abmf'ga&mif;&if;tcsif;csif; rvJ/ tjcm;olawG toifh vkyaf y;xm;jyD; record vkyfw,f/ jyefjyD; play vkyfw,f
ajym&&if uRefawmfwdkYtm;vHk; xdkYtwlyg om; tJ'v D tkd &mawG ,ljyD; oH;k Ekid &f ifaum ponfjzifh ajymqdk&wm ydkjyD; toufyg
yJ/ 'Dvdkyg/ ukd,fhukd,fudk olvdkukd,fvdk b,fES,fhaervJ/ rjyif&ao;wJh yHkMurf; w,f/ 'Dudpw ö ifrS r[kwfbl;/ Undo vdk
omranmifn r[kwfbl;vdkY xifxm;wJh image awG input folder xJrSm pkxm;/ toHk;rsm;vGef;vdkY rxl;jcm;wJht&mudk
cifAsm;wdkY uRefawmfwdkYwpfawG[m ysif; ckeuenf;eJY batch processing vkyfap awmif Photoshop u history vdk cHh
p&maumif;wJh tvkyfrsKd;awG rvkyfcsifMu jyD; &SdorQyHk jyifjyD;om; output folder nm;atmif ac:a0: oHk;pGJwwfao;wmyJ/
ygbl;/ ESpfjcdKuf0ifpm;p&mtvkyfrsKd;? pdef tjzpf xGufvmEkdif&if b,fhES,faervJ/ ½kyfyHkawG tjzLtrnf; ajymif;wm?
ac:rIygwJh tvkyfrsKd;? cJuwfrIawG usif 'Dv tutorial rSm 'gawG jzpfapEkdifwJh t&G,fajymif;wm? RAW uae JPG
vnfpGm jznfxkwf,l&wJh tvkyfrsKd;awG action eJY batch processing taMumif; ajymif;? Web twGuf save vkyf pwJhudpö
qdk&ifawmh aysmfarGYrdrSm taotcsmygyJ/ avhvmMuygr,f/ awGtwGuf Actions oHk;jyD; vkyfaqmif
vlwidk ;f u uk,d &hf UJ skill udk tpGr;f jycsiMf u avh &Sdw,f/ tqifhaygif;rsm;pGmygwJh ½Iyf
wmr[kwfvm;/ 'gayrJh jiD;aiGYzG,f xyf Actions axG; tqifjh rifeh nf;pepfawG record vkyf
wvJvJ wpfyHkpHwnf;jzpfae&if rjzpfrae Photoshop &JU Actions qd k w m rSwfom;um vSywJh tone awG? photo
vkyfzdkY vdkwJht&mrsKd;qdk&if bmrQ ynm MS Office u Macro eJY Macro re- effect awG vkyfay;wJh creative actions
om;ryg cyfwHk;wHk;tvkyfawGqdk&ifawmh cording awGeJY oabmw&m; twlwlyJ awGvnf; vkyfvdkY &ygw,f/
vkyfcsifMurSm r[kwfygbl;/ jzpfygw,f/ ykaH owpfxyfwnf; vky&f wJh
'DxyfwvJvJ tvkyfwm0ef tasks Actions palette
rsm;pGmudk Photoshop odkY vTJay;Ekdif&if Window > Actions odkYoGm;yg/
b,fhES,faervJ/ oifvkyforQ wpfqifh odYk r[kwf Alt + F9 ESyd yf g/ Actions pal-
csif;udk Photoshop tm; teD;uyfapmifh ette ay:vmr,f/ Default Actions qdjk yD;
Munfh rSwo f m;xm;apjyD;wmeJY aemufwpf folder yHkav;eJY awGY&r,f/ tJ'g[m rsKd;
cgvkyfzdkY vkdwJhtcgwkdif; Photoshop udk wl&m Actions awG pkxm;wJh Actions
olYbmom vkyfckdif;Ekdif&if b,fhES,fae Set jzpfygw,f/ Actions awG ukd,fEdIuf
rvJ/ yHkao filter ,settings awG ay;vdkY& udk oGm;zdYk ab;ujrm;av;udk uvpf ESyd &f
wJh Photo Effect awG wpfcg vkyfjyxm; ygw,f/
Dialog box yGiwhf ?hJ step awGygwJh action aemuf new action cvkwu f kd ESyd jf yD; Batch Processing
udk play jyefvkyfwJhtcg record vkyfpOf prepare-for-layout trnfeJY Custom tck uRefawmfwYkd vkyx f m;jyD;wJh ac-
taoay;xm;wJh setting wefzdk;awG Action set txJrSm action topf vkyf tion uRefawmfwdkYtvkyfrSm "mwfyHkaygif;
twdkif; rjzpfapbJ user tm; csdefnd§cGifh ygw,f/ ¤if; action ouf0ifqJrSm teD rsm;pGmudk wpfjydKifeufwnf; tokwv f u dk f
ay;vdkY &w,f/ 'gudk xdef;csKyfxm;wmu a&mifpuf0kdif; record button udk ESdyfyg vkyfoGm;apcsifygw,f/ t&ifqHk; rjyif&
step wpfckcsif;pD&JU nmbufab;u av; w,f/ toufr½ªeJY/ ckupjyD; uRefawmf ao;wJh yHkawGtwGuf Input trnfeJY
axmifu h u G u f av;yg/ Toggle yHpk t H vkyf wdkYvkyforQ Photoshop u apmifhMunfh folder aqmufjyD; tukefodrf;xm;yg/
vkyfjyD; uvpfESdyfvkduf&if dialog box rSwfom;aeawmhr,f/ jyD;ygu jyifjyD;yHkawGtwGuf output
icon yHak v;ay:vmr,f/ tJ't D cg action trnfeJY folder tvGwf aqmufxm;yg/
play ESy d &f if tJ't D qifah &mufwt hJ cg dia- File > Automate > Batch odkY oGm;yg/
log box azmfay;jyD; cP&yfaeygvdrr hf ,f/ Batch dialog box ay:vmr,f/ Set rSm
aemuf xdef;csKyfvdkY&wm wpfcku Cus-tom Action a&G;yg/ Action rSm
action xJygwJh tcsKdUtqifhawGudk rvkyf pre-pare-for-layout udk a&G;yg/ Source
apbJ z,fxm;wmyg/ Action trnf&JU combo box rS m folder ud k a&G ; yg/
b,fbufqHk;u trSefjcpfav;jyxm;wJh Choose ukd ESdyfjyD; Input folder &Sd&m
tuGufrSm toogle yHkpH oHk;Ekdifygw,f/ vrf;aMumif; jyyg/ Destination combo
trSejf cpfjzKwfvu dk &f if tJ'D step udk rvkyf box rSm folder udk a&G;yg/ Choose udk
bJ ausmfoGm;ygr,f/ ESdyfjyD; Output folder &Sd&mvrf;aMumif;
Action udk jyefodrf;Munfhyg/ tcsKdU jyyg/ Override Action "Save As"
aom step awG z,fxm;w,fq&kd if trSef command udk check trSwfay;yg/ OK
jcpfteDa&mifawGY&r,f/ tcsKUd step awGrmS Ä Image > Mode > Grayscale odkY ukd ESyd v
f u kd w
f meJY Input folder xJu file
dialog box yGir hf ,fq&kd if dialog box icon ajymif;yg/ rSeforQudkzGifh action oufa&mufapjyD;
teDa&mifeJY awGY&ygOD;r,f/ Ä Image > Image size odkY oGm;yg/ &v'fudk output folder xJ oGm;odrf;ay;
Resolution udk 300 xm;yg/ ygr,f/
Recording Action Ä File > Save As odYk omG ;jyD; .tif zdi
k ef YJ yHak ygif; &maxmifcsDwt hJ cg 'gawGu
uRefawmfwdkY*sme,frSm ½kyfyHkawGudk save yg/ odyfudk toHk;usvmygvdrhfr,f/
grayscale ajymif;jyD; tif zdkifeJY rSwfyg Ä Stop button udk ESdyfyg/
w,f/ Resolution udk 300 xm;ygw,f/ uRefawmfwYkd uk,
d yf idk f Action wpfck
wpfcgwavrSm 'DudpöawGudk yHkaygif; jyKvkyfjyD;oGm;ygjyD/ 'gudk vufawGY oHk;
rsm;pGmtwGuf xyfwvJvJ vky&f ygw,f/ MunfhMuygpdkY/
'gudk ajz&Sif;zdkY Action eJY batch pro-
cessing udk oHk;MunfhMur,f/
t&ifq;kH yHwk pfyu
kH kd zGix
hf m;ygw,f/
Actions palette udkac:ygw,f/ Folder
ykH new action set udk ESdyfjyD; Custom
Actions trnfjzifh Action set topf
wpfck vkyfygw,f/
Modula-2
oif&h UJ rd'k ,fyjkH yum;csyfawG b,favmuftwdik ;f twmtxd tion diagram [k ac:onf/ Collabo-
ration diagram \&nf&, G &f m taMumif;
½IyfaxG; axGjym; eufeJoifhovJqdk&if
udprö Sm scenario wpfck aqmif&Gufa&;
'DhxufydkjyD; &Sif;atmifvkyfvdkYr&awmhbl;qdkwJh tqifhtxdyJ twGuf rnfonfh objects rsm; twl
½IyfaxG;oifhygw,f/ wuG vkyaf qmifMuonfukd azmfjy&ef jzpf
onf/ yg0ifonfh actors rsm;rSm use
case ESifh qufET,f&mrsm;om jzpfonf/
Object-Oriented csOf;uyfenf;ü cases onf tjcm; use cases rsm;udk Objects rsm;onf object classes rS vm
systems requirements tpkukd rSww f rf; vnf; yHkrSef vkyfief;cGJ subroutine tjzpf
jyD; use case vkyfief;pOftwGif; twl
wif xdef;odrf; azmfjy&mwGif events ta- ac:oHk;Edkifonf/ Use cases rsm;tMum; wuG vkyfaqmifMuonfh entities rsm;
ble ESifh atmufyg diagrams av;rsKd;udk þodkYaom qufoG,frI trsKd;tpm;udk jzpfonf/ wHkYjyef qufoG,frIrsm;rSm yl;
toHk;jyKygonf/ <<include>> relationship [k ac: aygif; vkyfaqmifrIudk jzpfEdkifapa&; ob-
- The use case diagram onf/ jects rsm; wpfckudkwpfck ydkYaqmif vufcH
- The class diagram Use cases wpfck\ twGif;ydkif;
- The interaction diagram (collabo- vkyaf qmifrrI sm;udk events rsm;\ twGi;f Use case diagram
ration and/or sequence diagram) ydkif; pD;qif;rIvrf;aMumif; internal flow
- The statechart diagram jzifh yxrqHk; azmfjyonf/ rwluGJjym;
Use Case Diagram onf system onfh internal flow vrf;aMumif; rsm;pGm
udk toHk;jyKEdkifonfh enf;trsKd;rsKd;tm; &SdEdkifonf/ wlnDaom use case wpfck
rSwwf rf;wif xde;f odr;f onf/ ¤if;udk azmf wnf;\ rwluGJjym;aom ZmwfaMumif;
xkwf&mwGif events table twGif; yg0if jzpfpOf scenarios wdkYudk udk,fpm;jyK
aom owif;tcsuftvufrsm;tay: azmfjy&ef jzpfonf/ xdkYaMumifh use case
tajccHygonf/ Use case wGif vkyf wpfcw k iG f ZmwfaMumif;jzpfpOf scenarios
aqmifol (actors) ? toHk;jyK&mudpö (use rsm;pGm &SdEdkifonf/
cases) ESifh qufoG,frIvdkif; (connec- Scenario wpfckwGif yg0if azmf
tion lines) wdkY yg0ifonf/ Use case aqmifonfh components rsm; owfrSwf
wpfco k nf system rS axmufyahH om vkyf azmfxkwfjcif;tm;jzifh scenario \ ydkí
ief;aqmifwm (function) wpfcu k kd owf tao;pdwfusaom tcsufrsm; axmufyHh
rSwf azmfxkwfay;ygonf/ Actor wpfOD; ay;onfh tjcm; diagram wpfck &Sdonf/
onf system udk toHk;jyKaom wpfpHk Scenario rSm wpfaMumif;wnf;om &Sdyg
wpfOD; odkYr[kwf wpfpHkwpf&m\ tcef; u xdkyHkonf use case wpfckvHk;twGuf
u@udk udk,fpm;jyKygonf/ rnfonfh jzpfvdrhfrnf/ xdk ydkí tao;pdwfusonfh
actor u rnfonfh use cases udk ac:,l azmfjycsufonf actors, objects ESifh
vkyfaqmifaponfudk nTefjyzdkY&m con- ¤if;wdYk tMum; wHYk jyefqufo, G rf rI sm; rSwf
necting lines udk oHk;ygonf/ Use wrf;wif xdef;odrf;ay;jyD; collabora-
tqifh «3»
Gradient tool udk,lyg/ Colors udk
black and white (D) xm;yg/ oif fo-
cus jzpfapvdkwJh ae&mrSm tMurf;zsif;
teufa&miftkyfrdatmif linear gradient
ajy;yg/ Foreground subject udk oyf tqifh «5»
&yfpGm cGJxkwfzdkY Alpha Channel mask Source ae&mrSm oifh&JU channel
tay:rSm Brush eJY vdkufozdkY vdkygw,f/ topfukd a&G;ay;&r,f/ Blur udk csdefnd§zdkY
focal distance slider udk upm;yg/
enf;vrf; (1) 8.3475 onf 8.35 jzpfygr,f/ (2) jrefrmEdkifiHü A+ hard- input/output speed ESpfq
armif&ifhtaeeJY super tJ'D udef;ESpfckudk aygif;&if ware certification exam vkyf yd k j ref y gw,f / DDR3 ud k
hidden file udk rjzpfrae azmf 13.92 jzpf&rSmr[kwfzl;vm;? í certificate xkwfay;aom double-data-rate three
Munfch si&f if Registry Editor 'Dvdk tajzwdwdusus xGuf tzGJU &dS yg o vm;/ &dSvQif synchronous SD-RAM vdkY
rSm 0ifjyD; jyifEdkifygw,f/ atmif b,fvdkaygif;Edkifyg rnfodkY qufoG,f ajzqdk&yg ac:ygw,f / Bandwidth
- HKEY_CURRENT_ ovJ/ rvJ / tif w meuf r S m A+ jrifhrm;jyD; DDR2 xuf data
USER\Software\Micro- hardware certification transfer rate ESpfq jrefyg
soft\Windows\Current &ygw,f/ Round( ) exam eJYywfoufwJh avhvm w,f/ odYkjzpfí DDR, DDR2,
Version\Explorer\Advanced formula udk oH;k Munhy
f g/ tck p&m &dSygu odvdkygw,f/ DDR3 wdkYonf wpfrsKd;xuf
odkY tqifhqifh0ifyg/ wpfrsK;d pGr;f aqmif&nf ESpq
f pD
- Advanced udk uvpfvkyf jrefMuvdkY aps;vnf; uGmw,f
jyD; nmbufjrifuGif; Name vdkY tMurf;zsif; rSwf,lEdkifyg
u 'ShowSuper Hidden'eJY w,f/ tao;pdwf tcsufrsm;
'SuperHidden' wdkYudk &SmjyD; udk aqmif;yg;tjzpf a&;ay;yg
Value data: wefzdk; (1) vdkY r,f/
ajymif;ay;yg/ uGefysLwmudk (2) jrefrmEdkifiHü pmajzXme
restart vkyfyg/ ESpfck&dSw,fvdkY od&ygw,f/
Myanmar Inspriations
enf;vrf; (2) Exam Centre eJ Y Global
- Start/Run (box) rSm cmd Technology Co., Ltd. wdkY
vdkY ½dkufxnfhyg/ jzpfMuygw,f/ vdktyf&if pHk
- [mh'f'pf&JU b,f partition A1 rSm 5.5650 eJY B1 rSm (3) My Myanmar Unicode prf;Edik yf gw,f/ tifwmeufrmS
rSm &SmcsifwmvJ? b,fzdkvf'g 8.3475 xnfhxm;w,f qdkyg System 2009 tm; tifwm avhvmEdkifwJh 0ufbfqdkuf
rSm &Smcsifw,fqw kd m nTe;f yg/ awmh/ azmfjrLvmudk =RO- eufrS download &,lEdkifyg rsm;pGm &dSygw,f/ A+, A+
Oyrm- partition D: xJu UND (A1,2)+ ROUND ovm;/ &Edkifygu website tutorial, A+lesson, A+
data trnf&dSwJh zkdvf'gxJrSm (B1,2) qdkjyD; ½dkufyg/ 2 onf vd y f p mES i f h install vk y f y H k Certificate, A+ ebook, A+
&Smcsif&if D:\>attrib -h -s /s 'or ESpfvHk;jyzdkY jzpfygw,f/ tqifhqifhudk odvdkygw,f/ pdf ponf ½du k x
f nf&h mS Munhf
/d data vdkY ½dkufyg/ Enter 'gqdk&iftajzudk 13.92 vdkY jrwfausmfol yg/ CD ta&mif;qdkifrsm;rSm
uD;udk EdSyfvdkufyg/ jyay;ygvdrfhr,f/ (MC Engineering) vnf; A+ eJY ywfoufwJh
h is hidden, s is system CD/DVD rsm; &dSygw,f/
/s (all files in directory) A+ udk avhvmoifyh gw,f (1) DDR onf Sin- (3) My Myanmar Unicode
/d (directory/folder as gle data rate SD-RAM &JU System 2009 Light ud k
well) (1) Memory (RAM) bandwidth xuf ESpfqeD;yg; tifwmeufrS &,lEdkifygw,f/
trsKd;tpm;wGif aps;uGufü jzpfjyD; clock cycle wdkif;wGif 'gayrJh CD eJY 0,f&wJh ver-
wdwdusus DDR ESifh DDR II odkYr[kwf vkyif ef;pOf (process) ESpcf u
k kd sion rS m vd k MyWindows
tajzxGufcsif&if DDR III wdkYonf aps;EIef; jyKvkyfEdkifygw,f/ Double awmhygr,f r[kwyf g/ 0ufbf
av;qavmuf u G m aewm Data Rate SDRAM qdkyg qd k u f v d y f p mu www.My
uRef r Excel rS m olwdkY&JU tjrefEIef; rwlwm awmh/ DDR2 onf tDvuf Myanmar.net jzpfygw,f/
5.5650 eJY 8.3475 udk aygif; aMumifv h m;? 'grSr[kwf DDR x&Gef pD;qif;vIyf&Sm;rI ydkrdk usef&dSaeao;wJh ar;cGef;
ygw,f/ Excel u 13.91 qdk (RAM) &JU ypönf;&Sm;yg;rI aumif;rGefygw,f/ yg0g oHk; rsm;udk qufvufajzay;ygh
jyD; tajzay;ygw,f/ qdkvdk aMumifv h m;? jrefEeI ;f uGmw,f pGJrI tenf;i,fjzifh DDR r,f/
wmu 5.5650 udk 'or ESpf qd&k if olwYkd&UJ jrefEeI ;f uGmjcm; xuf ydkjyD;jrefqefpGm tvkyf
vH k ; om,l & if 5.57 jzpf j yD ; rIudk odcsifygw,f/ vkyfEdkifygw,f/ txl;ojzifh
7. Tools panel xJrS Type tool udka&G; 10. Effect panel xJrS Basic 3D effect
í "Computer Journal July 2009" ud k video 3 track &S d Album
pmom; ½dkufxnfhay;yg/ pmom; Cover.psd ay:odkY qGJxnfhay;yg/
ta&mifudk oifhavsmfaomta&mif Video 3 a&S U rS arrow wG i f E S d y f í
wpfckxm;ay;í Layer style wGif jzefYcsxm;yg/ Edit line udk tpodkY
Drop Shadow Effect wpf c k a&TUay;yg/ Effect panel rS Basic
3D udk zGifhcsxm;yg/ 13. pmrsuEf mS vefaom taetxm;rSe&f ef
xnhfay;yg/ File > Save as > Al-
bum cover.psd jzif h od r f ; ay;í
twGuf AlbumCover file udk ae&m
Photoshop xJrS xGufay;yg/ 11. Basic 3D effect rS Swivel a&SU&Sd a&TUay;&ygr,f/ Effect panel rS
Toggle Animation button Contains ae&mwGif Transform
wGifESdyfí keyframe xnfhay;yg/ ½dkufxnfhay;í effect udk Album
Timeline &JU Time Code ae&mwGif Cover ay:odkY qGJxnfhxm;ay;yg/
100 ½duk x
f nfí
h Edit .Line udk 1 sec-
ond ae&mwGix f m;yg/ Swivel ae&m
wGif 'kwd, keyframe wpfck xyf
xnfhay;yg/ 2 Second cGJae&mwGif
keyframe xyfxnfah y;yg/ End key
ESdyfí aemufqHk;ae&mwGif keyframe
wpfck xyf,lay;yg/ Keyframe
8. Adobe Premiere xJoYkd 0ifí project av;ck &&Sdvmygrnf/
topfwpfck ,lay;yg/ File > Im-
port > jzifh Albumbg.psd ESifh Al-
bum Covers.psd file ES p f c k u d k
project panel xJoYkd ac:xnfah y;yg/
14. Basic 3D Effect &JU keyframe
twkdif; Transform effect udkvnf;
9. Albumbg.psd file udk video 3 track
keyframe owfrSwfay;&ygr,f/ 1
xJodkY qGJxnfhay;yg/ pmrsufESmvef
Second ae&mwGif Edit line udk
oGm;wJh yHkpHjyKvkyf&eftwGuf Basic
xm;yg/ Transform u effect ae&m
3D Effect udk toHk;jyKMunfhygr,f/
rS Anchor Point ESifh Position wGif
Window> Effects udka&G;yg/ Con-
keyframe xnfhay;yg/
tains Text box xJwGif Basic 3D
12. pmrsuEf mS vefatmif jyKvky&f eftwGuf
pmom;udk ½kdufxnfhay;yg/
Keyframe wpfckcsif;pDwGif 'D*&Drsm;
xnfhMunfhygr,f/ 2 Second cGaJ e&m
wGif xnfx h m;aom keyframe ae&m
ü Edit line udk xm;ay;yg/ Swivel
effect wefzdk;udk 175.5 ½dkufxnfh
ay;yg/ aemufqHk; keyframe wefzdk;
udv
k nf; 175.5 xm;ay;yg/ Play ESyd f
vIyf&Sm;rIudk Munfhay;yg/ qGJxm;
aom yHktaetxm;ay:rlwnfí 'D*&D
wefzdk;rsm; ajymif;vJowfrSwfay;&yg
rnf/
15. Keyframe 2 second cGJae&mESifh 17. Project panel rS Albumbg.psd file 20. 1 second ESifh 2 second cGJ tv,f
aemufqHk;ae&mwdkYwGifvnf; key- udk video 1 track xJodkY qGJxnfhay; ae&mwGif Edit line udkxm;í Scale
frame rsm;,l a y;yg/ Basic 3D yg/ Play ESyd í
f preview Munfah y;yg/ Height wGif keyframe xnfhay;yg/
keyframe twkdif;jzpf&ygrnf/ Edit aemufcH file ESifh vIyf&Sm;aom file Scale Height wefz;kd udk 125 ½du
k x
f nfh
Line udk 1 Second keyframe ae&m ae&mwdkYrSm rwlnDygu Transform ay;yg/ Play ESyd í
f preview Munfah y;
odkYa&TUay;yg/ Anchor Point ESifh effect rS position ae&mudk nda§ y;&rSm yg/ (wefzdk;rsm;vdktyfovdk owfrSwf
Postion wdkYudk 190:0 x 240.0 pD jzpfygw,f/ &ygrnf/)
xm;ay;yg/
rsK;d rif;xGe;f
Document wGif
graphics, video, sound xnfo
h iG ;f jcif;
"A picture is worth a thousand words" [laom pum;yHu
k kd Mum;zl;ygvrd rhf nf/ xnfhoGif;&ef roifhawmfyg/
oif\ ta<u;awmif;cHaom
pmvH;k ta&twGurf sm;pGmjzifh azmfneT ;f xm;onfh taMumif;t&mwpfcu k kd ¤if;ESihf pm&GufwGif 'DZdkif;rsm;jzifh vSy
ywfoufonfyh w kH pfykH azmfjy½Hjk zifh Munfo
h rl sm;u ydrk jkd refqefpmG atmif jc,fojcif; rjyKoifh
yg/ y&ifx
h w
k vf Qifvnf; tqdk
em;vnfoabmayguEf ikd yf gonf/ Word wGif yHrk eS pf mpDpm½du k ½f o
kH mru yg *&yfzpf'DZdkif;rsm;udk ay:
document twGi;f "mwfy?kH *&yfzpf'ZD ikd ;f ? AD', D Ekd iS hf toHponfwu Ykd kd vGifatmif xkwfEdkifzdkY vdkyg
zefw;D xnfo
h iG ;f Edik o
f nf/ onf/
SmartArt Shapes
SmartArt udk *&yfzpf Word wGif shape, line,
Word onf drop caps twGuf pwkid Ef pS rf sKd;ay;xm;onf/
wpfydkif; pmwpfydkif;[k qdkEdkif arrow, icon erlemyHkpHrsm;udk
yxrwpfrsKd;rSm pmud, k t
f wGi;f xnfo h iG ;f xm;jcif;jzpfjy;D ¤if;udk
onf/ Word 2007 \ *&yf library tvdkuf yg0ifxm;
toH;k rsm;onf/ 'kw, d pwdik rf mS ¤if; drop cap udk oD;jcm; rm*sif
zpfvkyfaqmifcsuf toGifopf onf/ Shapes ESiyhf wfoufí
vdik ;f ay;xm;jcif;jzpfonf/ txl;ojzifh drop cap twGuf
vnf; jzpfonf/ wpfenf; MudKwif wnfaqmufay;xm;
b,fbufrm*sifvdkif;udk z,fxm;ygonf/
tm;jzifh yHkpHum;csyf toGif onfh yHkpHrsm;pGm &dSonf/ vdkif;
ysLwm display wGif vdktyf mat tawmfrsm;rsm;udk vuf (diagrams) zefwD;jcif;[k qdk txltyg;? jrm;txltyg;?
onfwdkYudk zefwD;½Hkom jzpf cHygonf/ Insert (tab) \ Edkifonf/ pm&if;rsm; jyo flowchart, stars, banner,
onf/ oif awG;vdkufonfh Illustrations tkyfpkwGif Pic- jcif;? zGUJ pnf;yHk jyojcif;ponf callouts ponf yHkpH trsKd;rsKd;
'DZdkif;udk oifhtawGUtMuHKay: ture, Clip Art, Shapes, pmom;rsm;udk pkpnf; yHkazmf udk awGU&ygrnf/ ¤if;wdkYudk
rlwnfum zefw;D wnfaqmuf SmartArt, Chart wdkYudk awGU
Edkifonf/ *&yfzpftrsKd;tpm; &ygrnf/ Drop Cap box udk toH;k jyKjcif;jzifh oifonf pwdik of ;kH rsKd;rS
rsm;pGm &dSonf/ Document wpfrsKd;udk a&G;cs,fEikd o
f nf/ pmvH;k (font) t&G,t
f pm;ESihf
xJodkY xnfhoGif;Edkifonfqdk Clip art ae&mtxm;todu
k kd oifph w
d Mf uKd uf csden
f ad§ y;Edik o
f nf/
aomfvnf; uGJjym;rIrsm; &dSyg Word wGif "mwfyHkESifh
onf/ yef;csDa&;om;csuf yHkrsm;pGmudk
library tvdkuf xnfhxm;jyD;
Pictures jzpfonf/ ¤if;wdkYudk tcrJh
Insert/Picture trdefYudk ,loHk;Edkifonf/ Clip Art udk
armufpf uvpfvkyf½Hkjzifh oif uvpfvkyf zGifhMunhfyg/ Clip
pkaqmif;xm;onfh yHkrsm;udk art rsm;onf tqifjh rifh a&;qGJ
&SmazGEdkifonf/ yef;csDjzihf qGJ xm;onfh yHkrsm; r[kwfaomf
xm;onfh yHkrsm;? scan vkyf vnf ; oif \ document
xm;onfh yHkrsm;? uifr&mrS wGif oHk;Edkifonfh tqifh &dSyg
"mwfyHkrsm; uGefysLwmwGif onf/ Clip art rsm;udk oif
xnhfxm;jyD; Insert/Picture udk,fwdkif tjcm; CD, DVD
jzifh oif\ document xJodkY csyfrsm;rS &SmazG pkaqmif;Edkif
vG,fulpGm xnfhEdkifonf/ xdkY ovdk tifwmeufrv S nf; &,l
twl CD, DVD, external Edkifonf/ Word \ nmbuf
drive ponf tjcm; device ab;wGif Clip Art pane udk
rsm;rS yHkrsm;udk &,lEdkifonf/ awGUEdkifonf/ Clip Art wGif
.jpg, .tif, .gif, .emf, .bmp uJh yHrk sm;omru tpuftajymuf?
odkY yHk format trsm;tjym; &dS t0dkif;? vdkif;ponfwdkYvnf;
aomfvnf; Word onf for- &dSonf/
Drop caps r[kwb f J pmvH;k rsm; drop word udt k jzpf xnfEh ikd o
f nf/
yxrOD;pGm drop cap wpfcu k kd xnfyh g/ jy;D vQif highlight a&G;cs,fjy;D
¤if;pmvH;k a&SrU S usefaompmvH;k rsm;udk qufjy;D ½du k yf g/ vdt
k yfvQif Home
(tab) ajymif;jy;D font trsKd;tpm;? font t&G,t f pm;udk
ajymif;ay;Edik of nf/ xdt Yk wl ¤if; drop word (frame) udk
armufpjf rm;OD;jzifch sdeu
f m ae&m a&TaU jymif;Edik o
f nf/