MM Computer Journal 135 2005 May

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rsufESmzHk;cGifhjyKcsuftrSwf - 5403380504 apmifa& 500/ wefzdk; - (700) usyf/


xkwfa0ol - OD;jrifhol(,m,D-444) 1082? 2-ok"r®m? ajrmufOuúvm? &efukef/
yHkESdyfol - OD;0if;aX;? (04839)/ 0if;xGef;yHkESdyfwdkuf? 37? a&ausmfvrf;r? ykZGefawmif? &efukef/
REVIEW
uGefysLwm*sme,f
120 Doom 3 2005 ckESpf? arv? trSwf 135
PREVIEW
124 X3 : Reunion txl;aqmif;yg;
125 Dreamfall: The Lrgest Journey 12 tGefvkdif;ynma&;
128 Final Fantasy XII 29 2005 ckESpf vlMudKuftrsm;qkH; tkdifwDvufrSwf&
pmar;yJG 10 ck
NEWS 37 wwd,tMudraf jrmuf pmzwfot l MudKuf CertCities.Comqk
131 New Games In May &&Sdonfh pmar;yGJrsm;
131 Most Popular Games 40 awGUqHkar;jref;jcif;
42 atmifjrifolwkdYtaMumif;
HARDWARE
132 The History of Console uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
68 tifwmeufay:rSm "mwf½kduf"mwfqif vkyfMurvm;
GAME GUIDE
72 aqmhzf0Jtif*sifeD,m ynmoifMum;a&;wGif ocFsmokH;
137 Prince Of Persia: Warrior Within
Walk Through
pOf;pm;awG;ac:rI
82 Linux tzJGU
CHEATS 96 uGef&ufe,fom;wkdY\ pum;0kdif;
141 Rise Of Nation 102 ykHaqmifrIjyKay;onfh enf;ynmrsm;
141 Splintor Cell : Pandora Tomorrow 113 tifwmeufvrf;nTef
142 Rome Total War
PRODUCT GUIDE
54 &efukefuGefysLwmaps;cif;rS rdkbdkif;vfzkef; 0,f,ljcif;
uGeyf sLwm oifcef;pm 60 New Products in Yangon
156 tifwmeuftvkyfvkyfyHk 64 New Products
166 oBuFef bvwfpfwmydk;
169 uGefysLwmtar;tajz owif;ESihf rSwpf k
174 pmoifom;rsm;twGuf Web Design 118 wpfacwfwpfcgu uGefysLwm
vrf;nTef 144 EkdifiHwum uGefysLwmowif;ESifh rSwfpk

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116 jrm;ewfarmifESifhuRefawmf

SOFTWARE REVIEW
C ONTRIBUTORS
148 Windows XP Meia Centre
OD;rsdK; (tdkifwDtef;wdwf)? armifarmifMuD;ESifh
Modula-2
151 Motherboard Monitor
153 Express Burn
uGeyf sLwm*sme,f 154 AVG Antivirus Software
197 (c)? yxrxyf? 33 vrf;(txuf)? &efuek /f 155 Picasa2
zke;f - 01-382248/

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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 43


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44 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 45


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Thermaltake (www.thermal-take.com/cooler, www.cooler-guys.com) onf uGeyf sLwmoH;k
tat;ay;ypönf;rsm;udk xkwfvkyf a&mif;csaeonfh ukrÜPDwpfckjzpfonf/ rMumrD aps;uGufodkY jzefYcsdrnf
jzpfNyD; a&mif;aps;rSm pifumyl a':vm 250 jzpfonf/

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 51


FOR YOUR INFORMATION ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890

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12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
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12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
MOBILE PHONE
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12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
F Y
OR OUR NFORMATION I
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890
12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890

vGef chJ aom ESpf tenf;i,fu omref w,fvDzkef; ajymqkdEkdifonfh rMumao;rDuyif short message
EkdifiHwumwGif cellular phoneqkd tqifhom toHk;jyKEkdifaom jrefrm pepf toHk;jyKvkdolrsm; pm&if; ay;
onfrmS Luxury item[k owfrw S cf Jh Ekid if rH mS yif mobile phoneav;onf oGif;EkdifaMumif; owif;zwfMum;
Muonf/ odkYaomf,cktcg mobile life style wpfck jzpfvmum 0,f,l vkdufrdygao;onf/ rnfodkYyif jzpf
phoneav;onf vlrIudpt ö 00udk oHk;pGJol trsm;tjym; &SdaeaMumif; ap uGeyf sLwmpepfEiS hf "mwfy½kH u dk u f ;l
toH;k jyKEkid af om ypön;f av;jzpfvmchJ jrifawGYae&ygonf/ odYk&mwGifjrefrm &,lEidk af omtcGit hf vrf;rsm; mobile
onfhtjyif uGefysLwm toHk;jyKol aps;uGufodkY a&muf&SdNyD;jzpfaeaom phonewGif &SdaeNyD; jzpf\/ Mo-
rsm;twGufyg r&Sdrjzpf ypön;f av; mobile phonersm;wGif uGey f sLwm bile phonewGif yg&Sv d maom func-
jzpfvm&\/ taMumif;rSm mobile pepfrsm;? tifwmeuf pepfrsm;? tion rsm; odkYr[kwf toHk;csEkdifonfh
phonersm;wGif omref w,fvDzkef; 'pf*spfw,f uifr&mrsm; toifhyg tajctaeay:rlwnfí aps;EIef;rsm;
ajymqkdrIpepfomru uGefysLwm vmygonf/ BudK;rht J ifwmeufpepf onfvnf; uGmjcm;aeygvdrfhrnf/
tifwmeufpepfrsm;udyk g xnfo h iG ;f jrefrmjynfwiG f zGiv hf pS cf yJh gu tqif ,aeYtcsdeftxd urÇmhaps;uGufwGif
xkwfvkyfchJjcif;aMumifh jzpfonf/ oifhoHk;Ekdifaom taetxm;&Sd\/ mobile phone models trsdK;rsdK;?
pwkdifvftrsdK;rsdK;? pepftrsdK;rsdK;jzifh
xkwfvkyfjzefYcsd a&mif;csaeMuojzifh
mobile phoneudk rdrdpdwfBudKuf
udkif wG,f t oHk; jyK Ekdif yg onf/
wpfenf;tm;jzifh Basic usevkdtyf
oltwGufjzpfap? amatear enthu-
siasttwGufjzpfap? performance
seekerrsm;twGujf zpfap pdwBf udKuf
0,f,t l oH;k jyKcGifh&SdaeMuNyD jzpf\/
yxrOD;pGm mobile phoneudk
r0,f,rl D rdrt d aejzifah iGaMu;rnfrQ
toH;k jyKEidk rf nfenf;qko d nfth csuEf iS fh
rnfrQaom functiontrsdK;tpm;udk
toHk;jyKvkdaomtcsufudk pOf;pm;
qH;k jzwfNyD; jzpf&rnf/
urÇmt&yf&yfrS mobilephone
0,f,l oHk;pGJMuolwkdYonf zkef;\
Talk-time bufx&DtrsdK;tpm;?
w,fvzD ek ;f \ t&G,ftpm;? vkyfief;
udprö sm; toH;k jyK&mwGif txl;vkt d yf

54 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○

onfh scheduling functionygryg? Edkifygvdrfhrnf/ ¤if;twGuf ay:jyL t"du tcef;u@rS yg0ifaevsuf


internal memoryyrmP? exter- vm tjzpfq;kH trsdK;tpm;rSm Nokia &Sdygonf/
nal memory support vkyf rvkyf? 2160jzpf\/ rnfodkYyifjzpfap rkdbkdif;vfzkef;
colour display\ t&nftaoG;? CDMA qko d nfrmS Code Di- toH;k jyKvko
d wl Ydkonf ¤if;wkYd EiS hf ywf
Triband od k Y r [k w f dual-band vision Multiple Accessudk twkd oufonfh a0g[m&rsm;ESihf t"dymÜ ,f
tajctae? Enhanced Full Rate aumuf ac:a0:jcif; jzpfonf/ jrefrm &nfnTef;rsm; tcsdKUudk odxm;rnf
Speech (EFR)obm0? General jynf tac:ta0:t& jcif;zkef;qkdyg qkdygu ydkrdk tqifajyEkdifMuygvdrfh
Packet Radio Service (GPRS) u ydkí odMuygvdrfhrnf/ odkYaomf rnf/
cGifhjyK rjyK? uGefysLwmESifh zkef; csdwf ¤if;udkvnf; hand-setwGif xnhfí
qufrItwGuf infrared port yg toHk;jyKEkdifMuojzifh awmfawmfrsm; Bluetooth- BudK;rhJ w,fvDzkef;?
ryg? Bule-toothoHk; roHk;? Inter- rsm;onf w&m;0ifavQmufxm;Mu BudK;rhpJ epfo;kH uGeyf sLwmrsm;twGuf
nal antenna&Sd r&Sd? Vibrating NyD; hand-setjzifh toHk;jyKMuonf/ toHk;jyK&ef protocol jzpfonf/
alert featureygryg? multimedia GSM qko d nfrmS Globle Sys- tqkdygpepfudk Bluetooth Special
messaging Service (MMS) oHk; tem for Mobile communication Internet GrouprS wDxi G cf \
Jh / c&D;
Ekdif? roHk;Edkif? messagersm;twGuf \ twkdaumuf jzpfonf/ ¤if;\ wdk BudK;rhJqufoG,fa&; pHcsdefpHnTef;
character supportrnfrQ &Sd r&Sd? communication standard rSm fre- wpfck jzpfonf/
voice dial&Eki d f r&Ekid ?f w,fvzD ek f; quency bandsoHk;rsdK;jzifh jrifawGU
\ tav;csdeEf iS hf ¤if;ESit hf wl toifh Ekdifonf/ 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, Dual-mode- GSM w,fvDzkef;
ygvmrnfh accessoriestajctae 1900 MHz[lí jzpfonf/ GSM vkdif;rsm;wGif 1800 ESifh 900 fre-
ponfwYdk ukd avhvmppfaq;NyD;rSom pepfonf Ekid if aH wmfawmfrsm;rsm;wGif quencyESpfcktMum; tajymif;tvJ
0,f,lMuonf/ rMumao;rDuyif &SdaeNyD; jzpfaomaMumifh hand-set vkyfEkdifaomcvkwf jzpfonf/
½kyfjrifoHMum;pepfudk w,fvDzkef; trsKd ;tpm;tajrmuftjrm; aps;uGuf
wGif xnhfoGif; toHk;jyKEkdifNyD jzpfae wGif &Ekid yf gonf/ jrefrmEkid if t H wGuf Hand-free- Mobile phoneudk
jyefojzifh ¤if;udpöudkvnf; ta&; SamsungukrÜPDxkwf hand-set udkifwG,f ajymqdkaep&mrvkdbJ ear
w,l xnhfoGif; pOf;pm;oifhjyef rsm;onf ay:jyLvmjzpfvsuf &Sd\/ phoneESihf microphonewkYd ukd csw
d f
onf/ EkdifiHwumwGifrl MMS pepf qGJ toHk;jyKjcif;jzpf\/
jrefrmEdik if wH iG f mobile phone rygrjzpf toHk;jyKvsuf&Sdaeonf/
toHk;jyKolrsm;onf CDMA pepf? GPRS pepfrSm ,cktcg tawmf SIM- Suberiber Identity Mod-
TDMA pepfESifh GSM pepfponfh acwfpm;vmonf/ 3G pepfonf ule \ twkdaumuf tac:ta0:
pepf oHk;rsdK;ay:rlwnfum hand- vnf; tm&Sta&SUEkid if rH sm;wGif pwif jzpfonf/ w,fvDzkef; toHk;jyKcGifh
set rsm;udk 0,f,lavh&SdMuonf/ toHk;jyKaeMuNyD jzpf\/ tar&duef vdkifpif xnfhay;xm;aom card[k
TDMA pepfqo dk nfrmS Time Ekid if ?H Oa&myESihf *syefEidk if u
H o
Jh Ykdaom vG,fvG,frSwf,lEdkif\/
Division Multiple Access\ zGUH NzdK;wd;k wufvsuf &So d nfh Ekid if BH uD;
twkdaumuf a0g[m& jzpfonf/ rsm;wGif mobile phone[laom trsdK;
2G - Second Generation
tvG,w f ulajymqkrd nfqydk gu cel- a0g[m&yifaysmufum pG,fpHkoHk;Ekdif tpm;udk azmfnTef;jcif; jzpfonf/
lular phone[k qkdEkdifonf/ ,ck aom Smart Phonersm;taejzifh Analoguepepfonf first genera-
tcg tjcm;EkdifiHrsm;wGif cellular om ac:a0:oH;k pGaJ eMuonf/ Smart tion jzpfí second generation
phoneudk toH;k jyKol tvGee f nf;yg; Phonersm;onf computingpepf phonesrsm;wGif GSM, CDMA ESihf
aeNyD jzpfonf/ odkYtwGuf hand- tm;vHk;udk support vkyfay;Edkifyg TDMA standardrsm; yg0ifae
seta&G;cs,f0,f,& l eftwGuf ypön;f onf/ odkYtwGuf ,aeY EkdifiHwum onf/
trsdK;tpm; tenf;i,fom jrifawGU life-style wGif Smart Phoneonf

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 55


FOR YOUR INFORMATION ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

ESifh auxiliary jack wpfckwkdYESifh provider\ cGijhf yKcsut f ay:rlwnf


qufoG,fum data transmission í pm&if;yrmP xm;&SdEkdifonf/
jyKvkyf,lEdkifjcif; jzpf\/
Standby time - w,fvzD ek ;f ajymqkd
EFR- Enhanced Full Rate \ jcif; r&So d nft
h cgwGif bufx&Dudk
twkdaumuftac:ta0: jzpfonf/ xyfrH tm;oGi;f p&mrvkad om umv
w,fvzD ek ;f twGujf zpfap? network tydkif;tjcm; jzpfonf/
operatortwGujf zpfaptoHaumif;
2.5 G - 2G networkwGif GPRS aumif;Mum;Eki d &f ef 'ZD ikd ;f jyKxm;onf/ Talk Time - w,fvzD ek ;f qufo, G f
pepfxnho f iG ;f xm;jcif;udak zmfjyonf/ ajymqkdrI tMumqHk; ajymqkdEkdifrnfh
EMS- Enhanced Messaging bufx&Doufwrf;umvjzpfonf/
3G- urÇmwpf0ef;vHk; toHk;jyKEkdif Service\ twkdaumufjzpfonf/
aom network jzpfonfh Third SMS text message rsm; vufcH Voice mail- w,fvDzkef; ac:,lrI
GenerationtrsdK;tpm;jzpfonf/ aqmif&Gufay;onf/ wGif csw d qf ufr&onft h cg rdrd ajym
¤if;wGif WCDMA ESihf cdma 2000 qkvd adk om owif;tusOf;udk xnfh
trsdK;tpm;uhJodkY standard&Sdonfh GPS- Global Positioning Sys- xm;ay;jcif; jzpfonf/
pepfrsm; yg0ifaeonf/ tem udk ac:qkdjcif; jzpf\/ urÇm
wpf0ef;vHk; N*dK[fwk tultnDjzifh Voice recognition- rdrw d ,fvzD ek ;f
Call Barring- rdrd toHk;rjyKvdk radio-navigation systemud k tm; vkyfaqmifvkdonfh functions
aom umvtwGi;f w,fvzD ek ;f t0if aqmif&Gufay;onf/ vrf;nTefay;rI rsm;twGuf cvkwu f kd vufjzifEh ydS &f ef
txGufrsm; ydwfxm;jcif; jzpfonf/ udk toHjzifhomru ajryHkESifhwuG rvkdtyfbJ EIwfjzifh ckdif;apEkdifjcif;
jyqkday;Ekdifonf/ jzpfonf/
Call dirent- 0ifvmaom w,fvD
zke;f tm; tjcm;w,fvzD ek ;f wpfcck o k Ydk GPRS- General Packet Radio WAP - Wireless Application
vnf;aumif;? answering service Servicejzpfonf/ Data networks Protocol\ twkad umufjzpfonf/
odkY vnf;aumif; vTJay;Ekdifjcif; jzpf rsm;odkY tqufrjywf high ratejzifh Communication Protocol twGuf
onf/ qufoG,f aqmif&Gufay;onf/ toH k; cspepfw pfck jzpf y gonf /

Callhold- w,fvDzkef;vkdif; ESpfck One-touch dialling- ac:qk&


d mwGif WCDMA - Wideband Code Di-
tm; wpfNydKifeufwnf; toH;k jyKjcif; vdik ;f r0ifonft h cg? odYkr[kwf tjcm; vision Multiple Access \
jzpf\/ wpfvkdif;udk ajymaepOf wpf tquftoG,fwpfckjzifh tvkyfrsm; twkad umuf jzpfonf/ Multime-
vkdif;udk acwå&yfapmifhay;&ef pDpOf aeonft h cgwGif cvkww f pfcu
k kd ESyd f dia ESifh xkxnfBuD;rm;aom appli-
xm;Edkifonf/ vdu
k ½f rkH Qjzifh rdrad c:qkvd akd om eHygwf cation rsm;tm; accessvkyf,lEkdif
udk vSnahf c:Ekid o f nfh y½k*d &rfrsdK; jzpf &ef pDpOfay;xm;onf/
Caller Display- w,fvDzkef;ac: ygonf/ WML - Wireless Mark-up Lan-
ol\ zke;f eHygwf odYk r[kwf trnfukd guage\ twkad umuftac:ta0:
azmfjyay;jcif;jzpfonf/ trnfESifh w,fvD
Phone Book- jzpf\/ XML ay: wnfaqmufxm;
zkef;eHygwfrsm;udk pm&if;jzifh jyKpkxm; aom make-up Languagewpfck
Data capability- Laptopwpfcr k S ay;jcif; jzpf\/ w,fvDzkef;\ in- jzpfonf/ uGefysLwmESifh qufoG,f
jzpfap? Portable fax machinerS ternal memoryokdYr[kwf toHk;jyK toHk;jyKolrsm;twGuf toHk;0ifvS
jzpfap? PDA wpfcrk jS zpfap modem onhf SIM CardodkYr[kwf phone \/

56 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○

&efuek jf rKd aU ps;cif;rS 0,f,&l &SEd idk af om Mobile Phone rsm;

Lucky Bird ta&mif ; qk d i f -


Sony Ericsson T 630 188000 usyf
O2 X daII, mobile Companion - 780000 usyf -
Sony Ericsson T 610 165000 usyf
Integrated personal digitalorganiser/ -
Samsung E 600 250000 usyf
mobile phone -
Samsung E 700 305000 usyf
triband (GSM 900/1800 pcs 1900)
GPRS Class B
-
Samsung E 800 345000 usyf
Built-in Bluetooth -
Samsung E 460 190000 usyf
Full internet browsing rkdbkdif;zkef;ESifh ywfoufí uGefysLwm ta&mif;qkdif
VGA camera rsm;wGif Computingqkdif&m function rsm; yg&SdrSom
MPEG4 concorder vQif wifxm;a&mif;csavh&Sdojzifh hand-setoufouf
Speaker-phone and voice recorder
H and writting recognition
tjzpf rjrifawGUMu&ay/ jrefrmEdkifiH&Sd w,fvDzkef; quf
SIM Application Toolkit oG,af &;udpw ö iG o
f mreftm;jzifh toH;k jyKvko
d rl sm;twGuf
SMS, MMS, IMS oD;jcm; mobile phoneta&mif;qkdifrsm;wGifom trsdK;
3.5" LCD Screen tpm; pHv k ifpmG awGUjrifEidk yf gonf/ jrefrmEkid if rH S w,fvD
Talk-time- 3.5 hours zkef; toHk;jyKolrsm;onfvnf; voice udkom t"du
Stanby time - 150 hours
toHk;csavh&SdMuygonf/ DatatwGufyg pOf;pm;olrsm;
Access Spectrum ta&mif ; qk d i f
onf uGefysLwmtoHk;jyKolrsm;om jzpfonf/ rnfodkYyif
-
MIO 8380 Smart Phone 250000 usyf qkdap uGefysLwmta&mif;qkdifr[kwfonfh &efukefNrdKUrS
Tri-band GSM w,fvDzkef; hand-setta&mif;qkdiftcsdKUukdvnf; FYI
VGA Camera tjzpf azmfjyay;vkdufygonf/
MMS
HP Jornada 928 ,kZeyvmZmtkyfpk
Dual-band GSM Myat Tha Pyay No.
- S. 33 GF
Khin Pan Thazin No.
- 103 IF
Technoland ta&mif;qdkif Orchid - No.(8-15) IF
Hnin Cherry -No. S-14,15 IF
Nokia 2600 125000 usyf
AMM - No. D-4 IF
Nokia 6230 310000 usyf H-mobile -No. C-24 3F
Nokia 6670 430000 usyf Mobile Electronic - No.A-26 IF
Nokia 6260 385000 usyf Araindamar -No. S-30 GF
Nokia 6610 i 190000 usyf Mobile King - No. A-31 IF
A to Z - No. F-4 IF
Nokia 6170 380000 usyf
Htae Wa Thu No.
- E-4 IF
Nokia 7260 310000 usyf Focus Mobile -No. T-6,7,8 IF
Nokia 6220 255000 usyf
Nokia 2650 C 135000 usyf wpfoD;wjcm;qkdifrsm;
Nokia 1100 70000 usyf Acel Int'l Co. -No. 422,426, GF
Nokia 2300 95000 usyf Strand Road
Nokia 3220 190000 usyf ALIF Enterprise -No. 170, Shwebon-
thar Street.
Nokia j200i 130000 usyf
Amt mobile mart -No. 30, GF, Asia Plaza
Nokia 3120 125000 usyf Best Seller -No. 6,7,8,9, GF
Sony Ericsson T 230 94000 usyf Taw Win Plaza

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 57


FOR YOUR INFORMATION ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Call Club -No. 11, GF Aung Tha YT -G-5/12, GF.
Pyay Street. Taw Win Plaza
Expo Myanmar Co. -No. 334, 344, 5F Mobile Star -No. 1, 1 F,
Anawratha Road. Lapyae Won Plaza
Fisca -No. 1/B, GF, 9-mile, Mobile City -4F, Lapyae Won
Pyay Road. Plaza.
Fascino -No. 85/87, MM wireless -No. 44, 2F Sein Gay
Bo Sun Pat Street HarShopping Centre
Hnin Si Co -No.213/215, Sky Link Tele- -No. 166, 12F. MMB
Botataung Pagoda Towercommunication
Road. Ltd.
He Quin Mobile -No. 220 A, Anaw- Sky Light -No. 426, 6F, Yaw Min
ratha Road. Gyi Street.
Megateach -No. 41, 18th Street Tun -No. 32, 2F Excel
Shopping Centre.

&efuek jf rKd w
U iG f vlMuKd ut
f rsm;qk;H TDMA trsK;d tpm; &efuek jf rKd w
U iG f vlMuKd ut
f rsm;qk;H TDMA trsK;d tpm;
Samsung- STH-N 275 Samsung- E600

&efuek jf rKd w
U iG f vlMuKd ut
f rsm;qk;H CDMA trsK;d tpm;
Samsung- A-500
&efuek jf rKd w
U iG f uGeyf sLwm tok;H jyKorl sm;tMuKd uf
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Nokia 5410

58 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


NEW PRODUCTS IN YANGON
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ALL-IN-ONE LCD COMPUTER 123
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vSyaom zGJUpnf;rI? oyf&yf Intel Extreme Graphics 123
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toHk;jyKxm;um 123
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123
15 vuf r TFT LCD 123
uGefysLwmtoHk;jyKoltm; 123
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pGJrufESpfoufaprnfh display yg&Sdojzifh 123
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e-paneluGefysLwmav; tpuf t ajymuf uif ; rhJp Gm 123
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Munf v if jywf o m;aom 123
jzpfonf/ rsdK;qufopf 123
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all-in-one LCD yHk&dyfrsm;udk jrifawGU&onf/ 123 123
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123 HP PHOTOSMART M 307
computer[kvnf; ac:qdk Optical drivetwGuf 123
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owfrSwfxm;\/ CPU CD-ROM/DVD-ROM/ 123 3.2 Mps resolution tajctaersm;
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twGuf Intel Pentium 4 COMBO BudKufovkd 123
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123 &&Sdum 3 _optical zoom, xnhaf y;xm;onf/
a&G ;cs,f r Sm ,lEkdify gonf / 123
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odkYr[kwf Celeron 123
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5 _ digital zoomESifh 15 ½kyfESifhtoH
Processor 400/533 MHz Lan twGuf Realtek 8100 123
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123 _total zoomwdkY wGJvsufyg&Sdonfh Video-
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FSB ESpfrsdK;vHk;jzifh &Ekdif 10/100 mtoify h g&Sí d 123
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123 wyfqifxm;onf/ Audio captureudkvnf;
onf/ Memory DDR wirelessESifh modemudk 123 123
123 Internal memory 16 MB
123 ½kduful;,lEkdifygao;onf/
RAM 512 MB rS 1 GB option taejzifh owfrSwf 123 123
123 toifhyg&SdNyD; SD/MMC
123 wkduf½kdufyHkESdyfxkwf,l
txd vkdtyfovkdxnfhoGif; xm;ygonf/ I/Ointerface123 123
123
Card slotrsm;wGif Ekid af &;twGuf USB cable
rSmEkdifonf/ Hard disk wGif USB 2.06-ck? COM 123 123
123 oifhavsmfaom memory rS wpfqifh
123
123
drive udkvnf; Ulta-ATA wpfck? PS/2ESpfckESifh 123
123 card rsm; xnhfoGif;
123 aqmif&u G ,
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123 toHk;csEkdifonf/ View Bridge support
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rS 250 GBtxd a&G;cs,f yg&Sdonf/ PS/2 Key- 123 123
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finder twGuf 1.8 vkyfay;xm;onf/
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wyfqifcGifhay;xm;onf/ boardESifh PS/2 Optical 123 123 vufrt&G,f LCD screen «¤if;twGuf M-series
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Mouse wkdYrSmvnf; 123
123 wpfck yg&Sd\/ Auto dock ESihf AC adptor
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toHk;jyK&mwGif nufanm 123 123
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focus, Auto expsure, ryg uifr&m uufquf
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Auto flash ESifh Fast shot wpfvHk;udk wefzdk;aiGusyf
15.2 _14.0_6.8 vufr 123 123
123 modewkdYtjyif manual 140,000 jzifh Lucky Bird
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60 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


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HP LASERJET 3015 (4 IN 1) 123
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puifem? y&ifwm? zuf(pf) x 98 dip, fine 203x 196 123 123
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ESifh rdwåLul;pufwkdY tae dpi, 300 dpi, Super fine123 123
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jzifh av;rsdK; toHk;jyKEkdif&ef 300_300 dpi, photo 123 123
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jet jzpfonf/ y&ifwm toD;oD; &SdMuonf/ 123
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t&nftaoG;rSm 1200 dpi gray level 256ESifhtwl 123 123
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123 SPEEDPAD N 52
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123 wpfaygif;wpfpnf;wnf;
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pm&Guf 150 udk input \/ ResolutiontwGuf 123 123 av;jzpfonf/ Nostromo uGefysLwmwGif USB Port
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600 dpi, 9600 dpi 123
123 ukrÜPDrS xkwfvkyfchJonf/
solt wGif xnfhxm;Ekdifí 123 ESifh CD-ROM odkYr[kwf
10 &Gufudk priority feed ay;xm;onf/ Scanning 123 123 ¤if;wGif programmable
123 DVD drive wpfck
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slot wGif xnhfxm;Ekdif twGuf Readirus PRO 123 123
123 Keyboard-stylecvkwf vkdtyfygonf/ Windows
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onf/ Output wGif pm&Guf 123
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a& 125 txd vufcHxm;
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Edkif\/ HP Resolution 123 Mouse wheelwpfckESifh jzpfouhJodkY Mac
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123 Programmable 8-way
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123 OS 9.04rS OS X txd
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123 tqifajyapygvdrfhrnf/
&&SEd idk yf gonf/» 123
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123
123
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33.6 kbps faxing&&S\
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ITU group 3/standard 123
123 0,f,&l &SEd ikd yf gonf/»
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Error Conection Mode 123
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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 61


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VIEWSONIC - NEXT VISION N4 123
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VIDEO PROCESSOR 123
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uGefysLwmESifhwGJoHk;aom tifwDemjzifh qufoG,fí 123 123
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video processor 123
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zrf;,lay;EkdifouhJodkY 123
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jzpfonf/ toHk;jyKvkdaom 123
N*dK[fwkpavmif;rS 123
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applicationtwGuf RGB 123
vnf;aumif; qufoG,f 123 123 View Sonic - PJ 520
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Computer pass-through &,lEkdifonf/ wpfenf; 123
123 Projector
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tm;jzifh TV ESifh 123
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Ekdifonf/ ½kyfjrifoHMum; Multimedia Centreudk 123 123 2000 Lumens wpfNydKifeuf qufoG,fum
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123 dynamic meetingrsdK;
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setting vkyfay;Ekdifonf/ 123
123 Munf v ifj ywf o m;aom zefwD;,lEkdif&ef
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CRT jzpfap? LCD jzpfap
xJodkY VCD playerrsm;? 123 123
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yHk&dyfrsm;udk awmufypGmjzifh pDpOfxm;ay;onf/ 480i,
rnfonfh armfeDwmjzifhrqdk DVD playerrsm;? VCR 123 123
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xkwfvTwfay;Ekdifonf/ 480p, 720pESihf 1080i
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123 ¤if;\tav;csdefrSmvnf;
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projection display 123
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ydwfoGm;aprnfh sleep 123 txd toHk;jyKí&ygonf/
key remote28 ck yg&Sd\/ 123 123 0,f,&l &SEd idk o
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timer wpfck yg&Sd\/ 123 uGefysLwmESpfvHk;jzifh
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1/ Seagate 4.3 GB HD (30 unit) 19500 usyf
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62 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


New Product

HP COMPAQ NC 4200
BUDGET NOTEBOOK

HP ukrÜPDrS notebookyHkpHopftrsdK;rsdK; xkwfvkyfa&mif;csvsuf


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oHk;&ef &nf&G,fí xkwfvkyfchJjcif;jzpfum tvGefao;i,f? tvGefayghyg;
vSonf/ ¤if;wGifwyfqifxm;aom uD;bkwfonf spill-proof jzpfí
screenwGifvnf; panel protection system wyfqifxm;aomaMumifh
tjcpf&m tpif;&m ray:apEkdifyg/ xkdYtjyif ambient light sensor
yg&Sdojzifh toHk;jyKonfhae&m&Sd tvif;a&mifay: rlwnfNyD; display
awmufyrIudk xdef;csKyfay;ygonf/ bufx&D oufwrf;udkvnf;
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TRUST LCD HS-8200


BLUETOOTH CAR KIT

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onf/ LCD displayav; yg&Sdojzifh rdrdtm; ac:qkdaomol\trnf
okdYr[kwf w,fvDzkef;eHygwfudkvnf; od&SdEkdifygonf/ rdrdac:qdkvdkaom
zkef;rsm; pm&if;vkyfxm;yguvnf; settingcvkwfESdyfvkduf½HkrQjzifh
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64 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


New Product

LOGITECH X-230
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f ufovkd 360 'D*&D vSnhfNyD;xm;Ekdifonfhtjyif?
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yg0gcvkwf? volume controlESifh headphone socket wkdY
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DIGITAL HOME PC
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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 65


New Product

HP PSC 1215
PRINTER/SCANNER/COPIER

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inkjet trsdK;tpm;jzpfonf/ inkjet trsdK;tpm;rsm;xJwGif rif
ukefusEIef;vnf; oufom\/ scanjyKvkyfay;&mwGifvnf; 600 dpi
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REMOVABLE DRIVE
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BudK;wpfck? Key clip ESifh illuminated extension cable
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MESH MATRIX S3100 PLUS


POWERFUL PC

taumif;qHk; tjrefqHk; txl;jcm;qHk; Brand PCjzpfonf/ AMD \


aemufqHk;ay: sempron processor udk oHk;xm;onf/ Hard disk
yrmPrSmvnf; 160 GB&Sd\/ 512 MB&Sd memorywyfqifxm;ay;í
sony dual-layer DVD writeryg&Sdonf/ xkdYtjyif DVD-ROM drive
vnf; wyfqifxm;ao;onf/ 17 vufrt&G,f sharptrsdK;tpm;
flat panel monitorESifh 5:1 sound system wkdYudk wGJzufay;xm;
ojzifh chHnm;xnf0gvSonf/ Home entertainment twGuf&nf&G,fí
ATI Radeom 9600 XTudk xnhfay;onf/ urÇmay:&Sd Brand PCrsm;
teuf tqifhtjrifhqHk;ESifh tausmfMum;qHk; Mesh xkwf PC jzpfojzifh
tbufbufrS aumif;rGefaom performancersm; &,lEkdifygonf/

66 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


E- MEGIC

tifwmeufay:rSm "mwf½kduf"mwfqif vkyfMurvm;


e- M@gic vmNyD
Hello, every body!r*Fvm awG uif;pifae&r,f/ Nothing- vdkufyg/ aemufNyD; pOf;pm; qHk;jzwf
yg/ tifwmeufay:u vlawGqkd nessAvmpdwf jzpfae&r,f/ tck yg/ cifAsm;b,fvdk tazmfvdkcsifwm
awmh ESpb f momeJY EIwcf eG ;f qufvu dk f aemufyikd ;f vky&f r,fh upd aö wGrmS vnf; vJ ½kyf&nf? pdwfxm;tukefvHk;yJ/
wmyg/ t"duuawmh b,fES,hfvJ tJ'u D siphf OfawGvdk udpw
ö pfcu k kd rvkyf aemufqHk; olYrsufvHk; ta&mifu
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tvJxkd;zkdY BuHwhJtvkyf NyD;ajrmuf&JU pOf} awGaygh/ tJ'DaemufrS vkyfp&m t0wfawG rSerf eS af vQmfzyG ?f vJ0wf&UJ
vm;? atmifjrifMu&JUvm;/ ratmif &Sdwm vkyf&ygr,f/ vm;txd pOf;pm;yg? touft&G,f
jrif&ifvnf; pdwf"mwfruseJY? wpf uJ-'DvrSmawmh qkMd uygpkYd Asm? t&yf olY&JU BudKufESpfoufwhJt&m
Budrfr& aemufwpfBudrfaygh/ ukd,fh cifAsm;[mwpfa,mufwnf;txD;usef rBudKufwhJt&m tm;vHk;? tm;vHk;yJ
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tJ't D rSm;ud&k mS jyKjyif? jyefvyk f atmif urS aq;azmfaMumzuf rvkyMf ubl;/ qHk;jzwfyg/
jrif&rSmaygh/ [kwb f ;l vm; ta&;BuD; cifAsm;u 'Dvrdk aecsib f ;l &if;ES;D whJ cifAsm; aocsmNyDqkd&if type
qHk;u pdwfyJAsm? pdwfudk wnfNidrf tazmf vdkcsifw,f/ aemufqHk;Asm vkyfyg/ pm&if;wpfcktaeeJY jyKpka&;
atmifav/ 'grS ukd,fu oefYpifae aumif;wkdifyif qkd;wkdifyif tazmfrsdK; om; uGefysLwmxJrSmvkyfyg/ Word
r,f? qkdvkdwmuAsm Ak'¨&JU oabm aygh/ [kwfNyDvm;/ cifAsm;b0xJukd Processing eJY vkyyf g/ taumif;qH;k ygyJ
t&ajym&&if avmb?a'go? rmef wpfpHkwpfa,mufudk qGJac:r,fAsm/ editvkyaf y;Eki
d rf ,f/ jyefvnfjyKjyifvYdk
rme? remvdkpdwfpwhJ raumif;pdwf ukid ;f pMu&atmif yxrOD;pGm xkid cf s &wmaygh/ yHak wG? bmawGygxnfch sif

68 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


E- MEGIC
vnf; xnfhxm;yg/ pdwful;eJY rSef; aygh tcsd e f a y;xm;yg/ oD;ESHawG vsuf pdwfcsif;u a0;a0;oGm;ae
xm;whJ yHak wGaygh/ cifAsm; jzpfcsiw f m jzpfxGef;vmygap/ 'Dudpöa v;rS m ovkd cHpm;ae&r,f/
awGav? scannerwdkY graphics cifAsm;rSm vdktyfwmawGu uGeyf sL cspf o l E S p f O D ; jzpf a erS a wmh
wdYk ukd oH;k aygh/ 'DyakH wGu cifAsm;pdwf wm&,f cifAsm;twGuf cifAsm;&JU e- taeeD;csifw,f/ pdwfcsif;vnf;
ul; qH;k jzwfxm;whJ cifAsm;jzpfcsifwJh mail addressygyJ/ tJ'D ESpr f sdK;&S&d if wpfpdwfwnf; wpfxyfwnf; &Sdae
yHkoP²mefawG twdtus jzpf&r,f jzpfygNyD/ uJ prf;MunhMf uprf;ygOD;/ csifw,f/ ukdif; b,fvdkvkyfrvJ?
aemf owdxm;yg/ EkdYrdkYqkd&if vl atmifjrifMuygapAsm;/ wcsdKUusawmh oli,fcsi;f tqifrh mS yJ
rav;pm;Ekid w f Jh ]ynmonf} jzpfomG ; aemufwpfrsdK;? xyfvyk Mf uOD;pdYk ? &Sad eao;w,f/ 'Dtqifu h ydck siw
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r,f/ aemuf cifAsm;u pdwfBudKuf cifAsm;rSm cspof &l w
dS ,fqydk gpdYk / 'gay &ygw,f/ uReaf wmf vkyaf y;yghr,f/
jzpfNyDqkd&ifawmh messagewpfckudk r,fh a0;uGmaew,f/ cspo f al wGjzpf olYudk n 7-em&DyGJ ½kyf&SifMunhfzkdY
zefwD;yg/ addressuawmh uk, d u fh dk aeygvsuf eD;eD;av; rae&bl;? csdef;vdkufyg/ tJ'DaeY aeYcif;ydkif;rSm
ukd,fyJay;aygh/ taMumif;t&mu &yfa0;wpfae&mpDrSm ae&w,f/ tck uReaf wmfajymjyr,fh udpaö v;udk
wu,fwdusygap/ igeJY xku d w f ef r,fwpf&Gm armifwpfNrdKU aeae& om aqmif&Gufvdkufyg/ cifAsm;wkdY
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ap&r,fAsm/ ta&;BuD;whJ taMumif; wcsKdUusawmhwpfrsdK;? wpfNrdKU ajymr,f/
wpfck ajym&OD;r,f/ tJ'D message wnf;ae&aomfvnf; wlESpfudk,f yef;oD;wpfvHk;&,f
atmufrmS cifAsm;&JU deadlinetae awGU&csdefawGu enf;aew,f/ jrif ao;i,fNyD; cRefxufwhJ
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yg/ ,HkMunfrI tjynfhyg&r,faemf/
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yJaygh? tJ'gu tusdK;oufa&mufrI
ESpfrsdK; jzpfvmygvdrfhr,f/ wpfcku
cifAsm;u cifAsm;&JU messageudk
pBu0VmtwGif; ydkYvTwfvkdufwm rkd;
tESHY a&mufoGm;ygvdrfhr,f/ tvkyf
vkyfaew,fayghAsm/
Cyber Spacexuf a wmif
ausmv f eG o f mG ;ygw,f/ 'kw, d tusKd ;
quf ydYkwmvufcw H m[m cifAsm;[m
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awmh &dwfodrf;? tJ'DoabmygyJ/
tJ'aD wmh cifAsm;u rsKd ;aphBuJvu dk Nf yD?
aemufjzpfvmrSmawGuakd wmh apmif½h ykH J

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E- MEGIC
tckrS cifAsm;u cell phone
udk ,lyg/ nmbuf vufñId;udk
toHk;jyKNyD; messageydkYyg ydkY&r,fh
messageuawmh >*CU@>* jzpf
ygw,f/ wpfck owdxm;rSw&f rSmu
uRefawmfwkdY e-magic rSm @ u
yef ; oD ; ud k uk d , f p m;jyKygw,f /
yef;oD;[m tcspf&JU oauFwygyJ/
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whJ *Pef;jzpfygw,f/ Venus u
awmh cifAsm;wkYdoNd yD;jzpfrmS yg/ tcspf
ewfygyJ/ tJwpfck usefao;w,f/
CU qdkwm cupid udk qkv d w
dk myg/
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arhxm;vkdY r&bl;? rarhvkdufMuygeJY
As aemf/ * av;ESpfckeJY ydwfxm;wm
uawmh uGif;ydwf pnf;jcm;xm;wm
yg/ tjcm;aom taESmifht,SufawG
&JU &efu umuG,fay;xm;wmyg/
tJ'aD emufrSmawmh send buttonudk
ESyd v
f u
dk yf g/ wpfcsdev f ;kH rSm pdwx f rJ mS
Mobile (Cell) PhonewpfvHk; wpfvHk;udk pkyfwHESpfacsmif;eJY acgif; cifAsm; jrifatmif Munhfxm;whJ
NyD;awmh olwdkY&JU phone number csif;qkdif aomufaewmvm;? jzpfcsif cifAsm;wkYd EpS fa,muf&UJ yHo k P²mefawG
awG vkdygw,f/ wm tukev f ;kH tawG;xJrmS xm;vku d f udkom awG;Munhfaeyg/ cifAsm;&JU
vkyfzkdYtpDtpOfuawmh. . . yg/ trnfawGudk xGif;NyD; awmh messageeJYtwl ESpfa,mufwGJ,SOf
yxrOD;pGm yef;oD;udk,lyg? cifAsm;&JU rsufpdudk rSdwfvkdufyg/ vdkY cspf&nfwl &SdaeMuNyDvdkYom awG;
aemuf "m;av;udt k oH;k jyKNyD; cifAsm; yef;oD;udk b,fvufeJY udkifxm;yg/ jrifvdkufprf;yg/
wkYd &UJ trnfawG (cifAsm;eJY cifAsm;&JU rsufpdudkvnf; ydwfxm;yg/ cifAsm; ukdif; - &Jabmf qufvkyf
cspfol jzpfapcsifwhJol&JUtrnf) udk wkdY ESpfa,muf&JU yHkoP²mefawG[m rif; atmifjrifygap/
aoaocsmcsm *½kwpkdufeJY xGif;a&; ck e u awG ; awmxm;wmuxuf
vdkufyg/ tJvdkvkyfaewhJtcsdefrSm ydkNyD; BuD;rm; ½kyfvHk;ay:vm? oJuGJ arwåmrsm;pGmjzifh
cifAsm;wkYdEpS af ,muf taMumif;awGukd MunfvifvmatmifawG;vdu k ?f pOf;pm; OD;rsdK; (tkdifwD-*rÇD&)
awG;awm pOf;pm;yg/ cifAsm;wkdY vdkufyg/ pdwfxJrSm yHkazmfMunhfwm
b,fyHkpHrsdK;awGeJY twl&Sdaecsifwm yg/ tJ'Dvdk jrifvmatmif Munhfyg/
vJ/ aysm&f iT af ecsiwf mvJ vufwGJae aemuf rsuv f ;kH udzk iG v
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wmvm;? vrf;twl avQmufaewm udk pm;yg/ jznf;jznf;csif;pm;yg/
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oMum;vHk;awG wpfOD;eJYwpfOD; cGHU cifAsm;wdYktaMumif;yJ awG;awmaeyg
auR;aewmvm;? tcsdK&nf ykvif; av/

70 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

aqmhzf0Jtif*sifeD,m ynmoifMum;a&;wGif ocsFmoHk; pOf;pm;awG;ac:rI


tif*sief ,D m toufarG;0rf;aMumif; atmufyg 0gusEpS cf u k kd pOf;pm;Munfyh g/ tajccHtw k jf rpf discreteocFsmt,ltq
onf ody?HÜ ocFsmESihf vltm;vH;k \ enf; aqmzh0f vJ ufawGUvkyu f ikd o
f rl sm; (soft- rsm;ESihf ,kwaåd A'enf; pOf;pm;awG;ac:rI
ynmvkdtyfcsufrsm;Mum;wGif aygif;ul; ware practitioners)onf ocFsmudk udk tjrJwrf;oHk;&ef avhvmoifhonf/
wHwm;jzpfygonf/ tif*sief , D mbmom roH;k yg/ aqmhz0f vJ ufawGUvkyu f ikd of rl sm; bGUJ BudKtif*sief ,D m oif½;dk nTe;f wrf;
&yftm;vHk;onf tajccHtm;jzifh ocFsm onf wduspmG (precisely)ESihf ,kwadå A' rS umukvudk xkwfy,f&rnfvm;[k
ESihf ykpmä ajz&Si;f jcif; (problem solving) qefpmG (logically) pOf;pm;&ef vkt d yfyg orm;½k;d us tif*sief , D mrsm;udk ar;ygu
ay:wGif tajcjyKxm;ygonf/ "mwk? onf/ ,if;wkdYonf aqmhzf0Jtif*sifeD tajzrSm rxkwfy,f&rnf[k jzpfyg
NrdKUjy? vQyfppfESifh pufrIwkdY yg0ifaom ,mESifh ocFsmatmufcH awG;ac:jcif; onf/ uGmjcm;rIrmS vufawGUvkyu f ikd af e
orm;½k;d us tif*sife, D m bmom&yfrsm; tvm;wlrI&Sdjcif;aMumifh tvG,fwul aom aqmhzf0Jtif*sifeD,mrsm;u ocFsm
onf discretetpm; continuous awGUjrifEikd af om qefYusib f uf (appea- udk xifay:pGm toHk;rjyKonfhtwGuf
ocFsmtajccH tkwfjrpfrsm;ay:wGif tm; rent contradiction)udk azmfxkwfjyo aqmzhf0Jtif*sifeD,mynm oifMum;a&;
xm;ygonf/ aqmhz0f t J if*sife, D monf ygonf/ wGif ocFsmonf ta&;rBuD;[k jiif;ckef
ay:xGuv f maom bmom&yfwpfcjk zpfNyD; ocFsmtoH;k rjyKyg[kqadk om aqmhz0f J chJMuygonf/ aqmhzf0Jtif*sifeD,mrsm;
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rsm; (principles)udk aqmhzf0Jpepfrsm; wu,fawmh ocFsmudk pnf;rsOf;usepGm tinuousocFsmvm;? discreteocFsmvm;?
wDxiG x f wk v
f yk jf cif;ESihf jyKjyifxed ;f odr;f odkYr[kwf xifay:pGm toHk;rjyKyg[k ESpfckpvHk;vm;? tajzur&Sif;vif;yg/
jcif;wkYd wiG f toH;k jyKygonf/ ,if;onf qkv
d ykd gonf/ vufawGUvkyu f ikd af eaom ,aeYaqmhz0f t J if*sief ,
D mwGif discrete
discreteocFsm\ pnf;rsOf;rsm; (txl; tif*sifeD,mtrsm;onf umukvudk ocFsmESihf ,kwadå A'\u@udk todynm
ojzifh ,kwådaA') ay:wGif rlvtm; aeYpOfxifay:pGm toHk;rjyKaomfvnf; &S i f ok a woD r sm; (academic re-
xm;ygonf/ ocFsmoHk;pOf;pm;awG;ac:rIudk tjrJwrf; searchers)ESifh vkyfief;cGifvufawGU
aqmhzf0Jtif*sifeD,mwGif ocFsmu rxifay:pGm toHk;jyKvsuf &Sdonf/ vkyfukdifolrsm; (industry practitio-
rnfonfhu@rS yg 0if yg o enf;/ tvm;wl aqmhz0f t J if*sief ,D mrsm;onf ners)u aoaocsmcsm em;rvnfMuyg/

72 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
wDxGifxkwfvkyfjcif;ESifh pdppfjcif;wkdY
yg0ifygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; enf;pepf
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wGif orm;½kd;ustif*sifeD,mqkdif&mESifh
aqmzhf0Jtif*sifeD,mqkdif&mwkdY uGmjcm;
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jcif;ESifh pdppfjcif;onf obm0tm;jzifh
ocFsmqefygonf/ orm;½kd;ustif*sif
eD,m qkid &f mwGif &ifuh suaf eNyD; aqmzh0f J
tif*sifeD,mqkdif&mwGif wjznf;jznf;
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h sufvmNyD jzpfygonf/ aemufvu dk f
vmaom pmykd'frsm;wGif aqG;aEG;xm;
aom Oyrmonf ocFsmoHk; pOf;pm;awG;
ac:rI (mathematical reasoning)
onf orm;½dk;usESifh aqmhzf0Jtif*sifeD
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yHk (1) While-do iteration \ ,kwådaA'
udk o½kyfazmfjyxm;ygonf/
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todynm&Sirf sm;ESihf vufawGUvkyu f ikd o
f l (physical sciences) ESifh continuous capacitor (RC)qm;upf\ AkdYtm;
rsm;onf xkdu@udk tif*sifeD,mbm ocFsmjzpfNyD; aqmzhf0J tif*sifeD,m\ ,kd,Gif;vmrIudk tcsdef t \ zef&iS t f jzpf
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odkY xkwfazmf&ef twlwlvkyfudkifvmMu aom pdwu f ;l yHak zmf uGeyf sLwmodyHÜ (ab- xm;ygonf/ R onf resistance ?C
aomtcg? em;vnfrrI &Sjd cif;onfvnf; stract computer sc ience) ESifh dis- onf capacitance ESihf Vo onf ueOD;
ajymif;vJvmayvdrfhrnf/ creteocFsmjzpfygonf/ ½kyf0w¬Kqkdif&m CapacitorAkdYtm;jzpfygonf/ þ RC
tif*sifeD,mwGif ukefypönf; wpfckudk qm;upfrsm;\ jyKrlryI pkH u H kd tajccHtw
k f
½kyfxkqkdif&m Vs. aqmhzf0Jtif*sifeD,m 'D
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Engineering) ESifh ysufpD;jcif;odkY a&mufcsdef (time to aom ocFsmqm;upf'ZD idk ;f (mathemati-
rMumao;rDu aqmhzf0Jtif*sifeD failure) jzifh wkid ;f wmxm;aom ,HMk unf cal circuit design)\ pnf;rsOf;rsm;xH
,mynm oifMum;ay;olrsm;wkdY\ pm pdwfcs&rI (reliability) wkdY jzpfygonf/ rS &,lygonf/ vQyfppf tif*sifeD,m
wrf;rsm;onf orm;½kd;us tif*sifeD,m aqmhzf0J tif*sifeD,mwGif t"du ausmif;om;rsm;onf umukvESifh dif-
bmom&yfrsm;ESifh aqmhzf0Jtif*sifeD,m ylyifp&m ESpfckrSm wDxGifxkwfvkyfrI ferential equationsrsm;udk avhvm
wkdY\ qifwl&SdyHkrsm;ESifh uGmjcm;yHkrsm;udk p&dwEf iS hf yif&if;uk'v f idk ;f wpfaxmifwiG f NyD;aomtcg þ&,lrIudk ,if;wkdY\
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wpfckrSm orm;½kd;us tif*sifeD,mrsm; wmxm;aom ,HkMunhfpdwfcs&rIwkdY jzpf Mum;em;vnfygonf/ þwGif tajccH
onf wu,f½h yk 0f w¬Kypön;f rsm;udk wnf ygonf/ orm;½k;d usESihf aqmhz0f t J if*sif usonfh t,ltqwpfcu k kd &,lem;vnf
aqmufNyD; aqmhzf0Jtif*sifeD,mrsm;u eD,m bmom&yfESpfckpvHk;onf jyKjyif &eftwGuf ocFsmtajccHawG;ac:rIudk
wu,fr[kwo f nfh pdwu f ;l yHak zmfypön;f xdef;odrf;rI vkdtyfaomfvnf; uGJjym; toHk;jyKygonf/
rsm; (abstract artifacts)udo k m wnf aom enf;rsm;jzifh vdktyfMuygonf/ xyfwvJvJ vkyfaom tcsdefwGif
aqmufygonf/ orm;½k;d ustif*sief , D m tif*sifeD,mbmom&yf tm;vHk; rajymif;vJaomt&mrsm; (Iteration
bmom&yfrsm;\ tajccH tkwjf rpfrsm;rSm wG i f vkdtyfaomypönf;rsm;\ yHkpHudk invariants)onf Algorithm rsm;udk

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 73


uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
&,l&ef? em;vnf&ef? trSm;&SmazG&efESifh &,l? em;vnf? trSm;&SmazGEiS hf rSww f rf; tuRrf;w0ifjzpfí count = 0onf y½kd
rSwfwrf;wif&efwkdYtwGuf ta&;BuD; wif&eftwGuf ocFsmoH;k pOf;pm;awG;ac: *&rfppD Ofa&;om;jcif;wGif tuRrf;w0if
aomfvnf; uGefysLwmodyÜH odkYr[kwf rIudk toHk;jyK&ef avhvmEkdifygonf/ jzpfygonf/ wpfcck si;f wGif trSwt f om;
aqmhz0f t
J if*sief , D mausmif;om; tenf; tavhtusiv hf akH vmufpmG &Syd gu tajccH rsm; (notations)ESihf oauFwrsm; (sym-
i,fom em;vnf? wefz;dk xm;? xda&muf ocFsmt,ltqrsm;onf ,if;wkYd\ pOf; bols) udk toHk;jyKNyD; tcsuftvuf\
pGm toHk;jyKaom tajccHt,ltq jzpf pm;pDpOfvkyfaqmifrIrsm;wGif twGif;cH trsdK;tpm;rsm;ESifh vkyfaqmifrIrsm;\
ygonf/ xyfwvJvjJ yKvkyjf cif; (Itera- (intrinsic) jzpfNyD; ,if;wkYd \ awG;awm t"dyÜm,f (semantics)udk ocFsmjzifh
tion) wpfcw k idk ;f wGif xyfwvJvJ jyKvkyf pOf;pm;&mudk wm;qD;aESmihf,Sufjcif; owfrSwfay;xm;ygu wdusygonf/
jcif;^ywfvnfwiG f rajymif;vJaomt&m tpm; axmufyhHrnf jzpfygonf/ pnf;rsOf;oHk; (formal) trSwftom;udk
(iteration/loop invariant)[kac:aom avhvmoifMum;jcif;onf y½k*d &rfbmom
predicate I(S)&Sy d gonf/ S onf wGuf ocFsmESihf aqmzh0f t J if*sief ,
D m pum;udk avhvmjcif;xuf ydkrkdrcufcJ
csufrI\ vuf&Sdtajctaeudk udk,fpm; (Mathematics and Software yg/ wu,ftaejzifh ydkvG,fulygonf/
jyKygonf/ I(S) onf pm&if;wpfckyg Engineering) ,if;\ 0guszGJUpnf;yHk (syntax) ESifh
wefzkd;rsm;udkaygif;jcif; (sum the val- ocFsmoH;k pOf;pm;awG;ac:rIukd avh t"dymÜ ,f (semantics)u yd&k iS ;f vif;yg
ues in a list)? tyifyHk taqmufttHk vm&efESifh toHk;jyK&ef vkdvm;jcif;\ onf/ y½kd*&rf pDpOfa&;om;jcif;onf
wpfck &SmazGjcif; (search a tree struc- t"dutaMumif;rsm;wGif atmufygwkdY uREkfyfwkdY\ arG;&myg pDpOfvkyfaqmifrI
ture)? tcGefay;aqmifol tm;vHk;ay;& yg0ifygonf/ udk OD;pm;ay;bufvkdufaom (innately
rnfh tcGefwGufjcif; tp&Sdaom xyf process/imperative-oriented)
wvJvJjyKvkyfjcif;\ tajccHt"dyÜm,f pdwu f ;l yHpk x
H w
k af qmzh0f J pdwrf sm;udk qGaJ qmifNyD; y½k*d &rf pDpOfa&;
udk zrf;,lygonf/ yHk 1 wGif while- (Abstract Software) om;jcif; wefqmyvmrsm;onf y½k*d &rf
doiteration twGuf predicate I(S) tppfr[kwfaom pdwful;yHkazmf rsm;twGif; toufoGif;ay;ygonf/
onf ,kwadå A'qkid &f mabmifrsm; (Logi- ypönf;rsm;udk wnfaqmuf&m pdwful; ocFsmonf aMunmcsufoHk; (declara-
cal constraints)tm; auseyfaponf yHkazmfawG;ac:rI (abstract reasoning) tive) ESifh rvIyf&Sm;&m (static) zufodkY
udk ocFsmqkid &f m ,kwadå A' (mathemati- vkdtyfygonf/ pdwful;yHkazmfrI (ab- ,dkifaomfvnf; Axiom? Matematica
cal logic)toH;k jyKNyD; jiif;qkE d idk yf gonf/ straction)ESifhqufqH&ef rnfuhJodkY vl ESifh Mapletp&So d nfh wefqmyvmrsm;
yHk 1 wGif uGi;f twGi;f &Sd pmaMumif;rsm; om;tm;xkwrf rI sKd ;udk zGUH NzdK;vkyd goenf;/ onf þtjrifudk avsmhyg;ap&ef ulnD
onf ,kwådaA'ajymqkdjcif;rsm; (logi- ocFsmyifjzpfygonf/ xkYd aMumifh aqmhz0f J ygonf/
cal assertions)ESifh C(S) onf ywf pepfwpfc\ k ½Iaxmifw h pfco k nf vkv d m;
oufrIrsm; uif;&Sif;aom Boolean aom pDpOfvkyfaqmifrI odkYr[kwf wGuf aqmhz0f pJ epfrsm;udk yHpk aH zmfjcif;
condition wkdYudk ukd,fpm;jyKygonf/ csufrt I csdKU\ ocFsmt& wdusaom yHpk H (Modeling Software Systems)
tqHk;owfNyD;pD;aomtcg (upon ter- wpfck jzpfygonf/ ocFsmonf aqmhzf0J rnfonfh ypönf;wpfckudk rwnf
mination) tjcm;ocFsmudpöjzpfaom pepfrsm;taMumif; awG;ac:jcif;twGuf aqmufrD pdww f iG ;f jzpfap yHpk wH pfcw
k nf
{I(S) and not C(S) are true}onf omru vufawGUvkyu f ikd o
f rl sm;\jyif; aqmuf&ygrnf/ aqmhzf0JwDxGif xkwf
vkdtyfonfh tNyD;tajctae (post xefaom awG;ac:rIESifh pdppfrItwGuf vkyfrIonf ueOD;jrifuGif;rS wjznf;
condition)udk ,kwådaA't& t"dyÜm,f wefqmyvmwpfck jzpfygonf/ jznf;yHkay:vm&m tEkynmudk zefwD;
aygufap&rnf jzpfygonf/ þcsOf;uyf ouh J o k d Y jzpf y gonf / pD p Of x m;&m
yHkudk tajzmifhwef;&SmazGenf; (linear trSwftom;rsm;? oauFwrsm;? pdwful; wjznf;jznf; ajymif;vJvmrI (planned
search)twGuf toHk;jyKjcif;udk aemuf yHak zmfrrI sm;? wdusrI (Notations, sym- evolution)ESit hf wl jyKjyifxed ;f odr;f a&;
wGifaqG;aEG;ygrnf/ bols, abstractions, precision) udprö sm;udk rMumcPvspfvsL½I xm;cH&
aqmhzf0Jtif*sifeD,m ausmif;om; y=ax+bazmfjycsuf (expression) ygonf/ þpDpOfvyk af qmifro I nf tcsKd U
rsm;taejzifh aqmhz0f pJ epfrsm;udk yHpk aH zmf? onf tu©&mocFsm (algebra)wGif aqmhzf0JpDrHudef;rsm;twGuf vufcHEkdif

74 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
aomfvnf; xku d oJh Ykd pDru
H ed ;f rsm;&So
d jzifh
aqmhz0f t J if*sief ,D mtaejzifh apmapmESihf
rsm;rsm; ydkavhvmem;vnfEkdifygu ydkí
aumif;ygonf/ þem;vnfrIudk &&Sd&ef
yHkpHazmfjcif;onf o,faqmif&mwpfck
jzpfNyD; ocFsmonf yHkpHrsm; wnfaqmuf
jcif;? ppfaq;jcif;? vufawGUprf;oyf
jcif;wkdYtwGuf ta&;BuD;aom wefqm
yvmjzpfygonf/ xkdYjyif Z? Larch? yH k 2(u) oHk;jyD; tajctae
Alloy tp&Sdaom owfrSwfbmom 2(c) jzpfEdkifaom tzefwvJvJ jyKvkyf&mwGif rajymif;vJaom t&mrsm;
pum;rsm; (specification languages) (Potantial iteration invariants)
udk toH;k jyKNyD; wdusaomyHpk rH sm; wDxiG f
xkwv f yk jf cif;onf owfrw S &f mtrSm;rsm; onf / tjcm;pum;jzif h a jym&vQif onfh Bruce ESifh taygif;yg a&;om;
udk azmfxkwf&eftwGuf ta&;BuD;yg rnfonfeh ,fy,f&ydS pk mä rsm;udk ajz&Si;f &ef xm;aom "Why Math?" pmwrf;ü
onf/ aqmhzf0Jpepf taumiftxnf ulnaD om pOf;pm;awG;ac:rI\ocFsmjyKrl uGefysLwmodyÜHocFsm toHk;jyKrI Oyrm
azmfNyD;aomtcgwGif xkdtrSm;rsm;ukd yHkrsm; jzpfygonf/ a,bl,stusqHk; trsm;udk azmfjyNyD;jzpfonf/ atmufwiG f
trSm;jyif&ef p&dwfpuBuD;ygonf/ t"dymÜ ,fjyefrt I rsm;t& ykpmä ajz&Si;f vIyf azmfjyxm;onfh vG,u f al om ajzmifwh ef;
&S m ;rI w k d i f ; onf ocF s moH k ; pOf ; pm; &SmazGenf;ykpäm (linear search prob-
toH;k csrI e,fy,frsm; awG;ac:jcif;\ toHk;csrIwpfck jzpfyg lem) onf algorithmudk azmfxkwf&m
aqmzhf0J vufawGUvkyfudkifolrsm; onf / Oyrm ausmif ; om;rsm;ud k wGif ,kwadå A' pOf;pm;awG;ac:rI toH;k jyK
onf ocFsmudktoHk;jyKNyD; tif*sifeD,m t*F v d y f 0 gusrsm;rS prepositional yHkudk o½kyfazmfygonf/ ykpäm0gusonf
rsm;? odyÜHynm&Sifrsm;? ocFsmynm&Sif odkYr[kwf predicate logicyH k p H o d k Y item \ pm&if; wpfckwGif yxrawGU
rsm;? pm&if;tif;ynm&Sifrsm;? tmrcH bmomjyef & ef avh u sif h c ef ; rsm;\ aomae&mudk &SmazG&ef jzpfygonf/
aMu;wGufolrsm;ESifh pD;yGm;a&;ynm&Sif tusdK;aus;Zl;rsm;udk awG;awmMunfyh g/ owfrSwfxm;aom item onf pm&if;
rsm; yg0ifaom ,if;wkdY\ vkyfazmfudkif ClientsodYkr[kwf vkyaf zmfui kd zf ufrsm;u wGifygonfudk od&Sdygonf/ þykpäm
zufrsm;ESifh qufoG,f&mwGif ocFsmudk A odYkr[kwf B [k ajymqkad omtcg ,if; twGuf algorithmwpfck wDxGif azmf
toH;k jyKEkid yf gonf/ ocFsmonf þuho J Ydk wkdYonf ]]ESpfckpvHk; tBuHK;0ifaom xkwfyg/ atmufyg ar;cGef;rsm;udk pOf;
uGJjym;jcm;em;aom tkyfpkrsm;twGif; odkYr[kwf}} ("inclusive or")odkYr[kwf pm;yg/ ,if;wdkYudk ausmif;om;rsm;
qufo, G &f eftwGuf <u,f0jynhpf o
kH nfh ]]wpfckomygaom odkYr[kwf}} ("exclu- ar;aom ar;cGef;rsm;jzpfonf[k arQmf
tm;vHk;oHk; bmompum;jzpfygonf/ sive or")t"dyÜm,f&ygovm;? ,if;wkdY vifhygonf/ pm&if;wGif item rnfrQ
u tm;vHk;twGuf ajym aom t cg &Sdoenf;? pm&if;taejzifh AvmjzpfEkdif
ocFsmoH;k pOf;pm;awG;ac:rI tm;vHk; yg0ifaom ta&twGuf[k ygovm;? owfrSwfxm;aom item u
uG e f y sLwmod y Ü H E S i f h ocF s mynm t"d y Ü m ,f & ygovm;? a&wG u f p &m wpfcgxufydkyg0ifu bmjzpfrnfenf;?
oifMum;ay;olrsm;wkdY\ trSwfwrhJ tpdwftykdif;rsm;r&Sdaomtcg tm;vHk; yxrjzpf a y:rI E S i f h ae&mqk d o nf r S m
zGJUpnf;xm;aom vkyfudkif&mtkyfpkrS &&Sd twGuf &nf&G,faom t"dyÜm,frSm tb,fenf;/ þar;cGef;rsm;udk awGUqHk
aom ocFsmoH;k pOf;pm;awG;ac:rI\ azmf rnfonfenf;/ ajz&Si;f jcif;ESihf ay;xm;aom ykpmä owif;
jyowfrSwfcsufwpfckrSm xifay:pGmjzpf tcsut f vufukd toH;k jyKjcif;jzifh aqmhz0f J
ap odYkr[kwf rxifay:pGmjzpfap jyóem aqmzh0f t
J if*sief ,
D mtwGi;f ocFsm tif*sief , D mrsm;udk ykpmä onf aumif;rGef
rsm;\ tajzwk d Y wG i f ocF s menf ; 2005-ckESpf {NyDvxkwf uGeyf sLwm pGmazmfjyowfrSwfxm;onfudk aocsm
pepfrsm;? tawG;tac:rsm;? pDpOf vkyf *sme,f trwf 134 pmrsufESm 154 ap&ef vkdtyfaom ukd,f pm; jyK onfh
aqmifrrI sm;wdYk ukd toH;k jyKjcif;yif jzpfyg wGif bmomjyef aumufEIwfazmfjyxm; tBudK (pre) ESifh tNyD; (post) tajc

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taersm;udk zefwD; xkwfazmfEkdifap awmMunhfyg/ yxr algorithm udk u pm&if;\ location&Sd item ESirhf wl
ygonf/ zefw;D xkwaf zmfoo l nf ykpmä u xif&mS ;pGm (≠) rcsi;f xyfwvJvv J yk af qmif&efyif
bGJUBudKausmif;om; trsm;pktae owfrSwfazmfjyEkdif&ef tBudKESifhtNyD; jzpfygonf/
jzifh þuhJokdYaomykpämudk vkd&if;tcsuf taetaersm;udk azmfxkwf&ygonf/ yHk 3 onf wpfyikd ;f wpfpNyD;pD;vsuf
jynhpf o kH nft h wGuf pmar;yGw J iG f awGUvkyd g ,if;wkdYudk predicate,kwådaA'udk ,kwådaA'tckdiftrmajymqdkcsufrsm;ESifh
onf/ tuRr;f w0if&adS omyHpk H okYdr[kwf toH;k jyKum pnf;rsOf;oH;k NyD; wifjyEdik yf g xyfwvJvJ vkyaf qmifjcif;wGif rajymif;
yHpk u
H uG u f kd toH;k jyKjcif;jzifh vG,u f al om onf/ vuf&SdaqG;aEG;&eftwGufoHk;NyD; vJaomt&mrsm;yg0ifonfh tajzmifw h ef;
ukwv f idk ;f tenf;i,foYkd OD;wnfygonf/ tajctaeyHkudk yHk 2 (u) wGifjyxm;yg &SmazGjcif; algorithmudk azmfjyygonf/
uGeyf sLwm y½k*d &rfrsm;udk wDxiG af zmfxw k f onf/ qkdvkdonfrSm vkdtyfonfh item 0kdif;xm;aom t&monf location
(developing programs)&mwG i f onf pm&if;wGif location rwkdifrD qdkonfh udef;&Sif &nfnTef;xm;aom
ausmif;om;rsm;onf oifah vsmaf om y½dk rawGU&Sdyg (≠) ESifh vkdtyfonfh item item udk jyoygonf/ rSwo f m;&rnfrmS
*&rf&&SdvG,fulaom yHkpHudkufnD (pat- onf pm&if;\ locationwGif awGU&Sdyg location=1 jzpf a om xyf w vJ v J
tern-match)NyD; ydkaumif;rGefap&ef (=) wk d Y jzpf o nf / Algorithm u vkyfaqmifrIudk r0ifrD xyfwvJvJvkyf
us,fjyefYaom prf;oyfjcif;udk toHk;jyK xyfwvJvJ vkyaf qmif&mwGif location aqmifrItwGif; rajymif;vJaomt&m
ygovm;? odkYr[kwf ,if;wkdYonf \ wefzdk;udk 1? 2? 3? rSpí a&SUwdk;NyD; onf rSeu f efaeygonf/ xkrd mS awG;p&m
atmufcH ,kwådaA'udk trSefem;vnfyg awGUonfh (≠) A[kokwudk xyfaygif; rvkdbJ rSefuefygonf/ wu,fawmh
ovm;/ &u item ud k a wG U (=) aomtcg xyfwvJvv J yk af qmifrrI sm;twGuf jzpf
þudp\ ö oufqidk rf uI kd em;vnf&ef xyfwvJvv J yk af qmifrI &yfomG ;ygonf/ zkYd rsm;ygonf/ ausmif;om;rsm;taejzifh
avhusifha&;tcsdefwGif toufarG;0rf; þtcsuf r sm;u yH k 2 (c) wG i f awG;awmp&mrvdjk cif;\ ,kwadå A't,l
ausmif;tjzpf y½kd*&rfpDpOfolrsm;udk tvm;tvm&Sdaom xyfwvJvJ vkyf tqudk em;vnf&efvkdaom tusdK;
wifjyaom ykpäm\uGJjym;aom tquf aqmif&mwGif rajymif;vJaomt&mESifh taMumif; aemufwpfckjzpfygonf/
tEG,w f pfcu k kd awG;awmMunhyf g/ ,if; tvm;tvm&Sdaom xyfwvJvJ vkyf yHkwGif usef&Sdonfht&mtrsm;pk
wk d Y onf binary searchtwG u f aqmif&m tqH;k oyfcsuw f Ydkqo
D Ykd OD;wnf onf toHk;r0ifaom ½IyfaxG;rIrsm;[k
y½kd*&rfudk a&;om;&ygonf/ pm&if;udk ygonf/ qkv d odk nfrmS vkt d yfonfh item jiif ; qk d í &ygrnf / jzpf E k d i f y gonf /
xyfwvJvJ wpf0ufykdif;aom &SmazG&m
r[mAsL[m jzpfygonf/ teD;pyfqHk;
cefYrSef;ajct& (approximately)90
&mckdifEIef;u rSm;Muygonf/ oifhavsmf
aom tBudKESifh tNyD;tajctaersm;udk
razmfxkwfowfrSwfEkdifMuyg/ tuRrf;
0ifaomyHkpHuGuf (familiar pattern)
wpfckudkvnf; toHk;rcsEkdifyg/ rSefuef
aom algorithmudk ra&;pyfEkdifyg/ y½kd
*&rf pDpOfa&;omaom bmompum;jzifh
razmfjyEkdifyg/
tajzmifw h ef;&SmazGjcif;ykpmä (linear
search problem)odkY jyefvSnhfaom
tcg tkwfjrpft,ltqrsm;ESifh xyfw
vJvjJ yKvky&f mwGif rajymif;vJaomt&m
rsm; (iteration invariants)wdkYtay:
tajccHaom tajzr[mAsL[mudk awG; yHk 3 - tajzmifhwef;&SmazGjcif;

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 77


uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
odYk aomfvnf; vlom;wkYd \ OD;aESmufu creteocFsmudk vkdtyfNyD; bGJUBudKoif½kd; vmaom (generics)^
toHk;jyKaomobm0t& pOf;pm;awG; nT e f ; wrf ; wG i f aqmvsif p G m ,l & ef yHkpHuGufrsm; (templates)ESifh
ac:jcif;udk azmfjyygonf/ þwGit f ao; axmufcHcsufay;ygonf/ þtawm aygif;pyfjcif;
pdwfazmfjyxm;ygonf/ yxrpnf;rsOf; twGif; bGJUBudKaqmhzf0Jtif*sifeD,m
rsm;rS&onfh þuhJodkYaom pOf;pm;awG; ynm&yftpDtpOfrsm;twGuf ACM/ yHpk aH zmfjcif;
ac:rIrsKd ;udk aqmhz0f t J if*sief ,
D m ausmif; IEEE Computing Curricula 2001: - yHkpHazmfjcif;\ pnf;rsOf;rsm;
om;rsm; vkyfaqmifEkdifoifhygonf/ onf tajccH
Sofware Engineering - tBud K ES i f h tNyD ; tajctaersm;?
okYdaomfvnf; ,if;wkYdtaejzifh tjrJwrf; tkwfjrpfyHkpHudk vufcHNyD; csJUxGifchJyg rajymif;vJaomt&mrsm;
toHk;cs&efrqdkvdkbJ vkdtyfonfhtcgrS onf/ (,if;\oif½;dk 2 ck ocFsmtajccH - ocFsmyHkpHrsm;ESifh owfrSwfazmfjy&m
oHk;pGJ&ef tqifoifh&Sdae&rnf jzpfyg tk w f j rpf r sm;yif & if ; wG i f atmuf y g bmompum;rsm;
onf/ OyrmwGuf,lxm;aom aqmhzf0J taMumif;t&mrsm; yg0ifygonf/ «E = - yHkpHwDxGifxkwfvkyfrI wefqmyvm
pepfonf rSeu vk d t yf o nf (essential)? D =
f ef&rnf odYkr[kwf aqmhz0f J rsm;ESifh yHkpHppfaq;jcif;? ppfaq;
pepfrsm;udk em;vnfjcif;? trSm;&SmazG ,lvQifawmif;onf (desirable)? O = vufcHjcif;
jcif; (debugging)ESifh rSwfwrf;wif a&G;cs,fEkdifonf (optional)» - yHkpHazmfjcif;^ 'DZkdif;bmompum;rsm;
jcif; (documentation)wkdYwGif jzpfyg - zef&Sifrsm;? qufEG,frIrsm;ESifhtpkrsm; «UML,OOD ESihf zef&iS q f idk &f muhoJ Ykd»
onf/ «E» - 0guszGJUpnf;yHk vs. t"dyÜm,f «yHkpH
bkid ef &D&mS azGjcif;twGuf xyfwvJ - tajccH,kwådaA' - prepositional ukd,fpm;jyKjcif;rsm;udk em;vnfjcif;
vJ vkyaf qmifrt I wGi;f rajymif;vJaom and predicate«E» wkdY yg0ifygonf/»
t&monf rnfonft h &menf;? pdwx - ouf a ojyenf ; pepf r sm; (proof - odMum;pGmazmfjyrI - ,lqrIrsm; rjyK
f rJ S
tvkdvdkem;vnf&m ,if;onf tjcm; techinques)- wkduf½kduf? qefYusif vkyfjcif; odkYr[kwf ,lqcsufrsm;udk
location 2 ck tedrfhtjrifhtwGif; uefY bufESifh awG;ac:xkwf,l «E» aMunmjcif;
owfxm;aom vkdtyfonfh item \ - tajccHa&wGufjcif; «E» yif&if;wGif odMum;pGmryg0ifaomf
locationjzpfygonf/ vkt - GraphsESifh Trees«E»
d yfonfh item vnf; umukvwpfESpfudk vkdtyfyg
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JAMIE OLIVER
www.jamieoliver.com/diary/index.html
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CAITRIONA
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98 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


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100 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


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WEBLOG CULTURE SPECIALIST WEBLOGS CULTURE


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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 101


Feature >>

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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 103


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104 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


Feature >>
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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 105


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106 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


Feature >>
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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 107


<< Feature
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jzifh ESpfydkif;rsm;twGif; BuD;jrifah om taetxm;rS jzpfxGef;vmum storage bufx&Doufwrf;aumif;
game graphics trsm;olig 0,f,lEkdifonfh cardsyrmPESifh jcif;? webcam features
t&nftaoG;rsm;rSm taetxm;okdY aps;EIef;rsm;rSmvnf; rsm; vkyfaqmifEkdifjcif;?
Murf;wrf;aom tqifhrS a&muf&Sdvmonf/ vuf&Sd trsm;vufcEH idk af vmufatmif AD'D,kd½kduf,lEkdifjcif;?
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vSyonfhtqifhudk awGUjrif Canon, OlympusESifh omreftqifhwGif 3 Mps featurestrsdK;rsdK;udk
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u@udk &nf&G,fí zvifaq;jcif;? yHkul;jcif; &Sdaeonf/ xkdYxuftqifh tajctaersm;jzifhyg
3D cardrsm;ukd jyKvkyfNyD;rSom "mwfyHk jrifhaom uifr&mrsm;wGif xkwfvkyfaeMujyefonf/
xkwfvkyfvsuf &Sdaeonf/ aumif; raumif; wduspGm 7 Mps rS 8 Mps [lí ,ckESpftwGif; yDpDMum;cH
aemifwGif yDpDwkdif;ü xkwaf zmfEikd af omtajctaerS ysrf;rQtajctaersdK; toHk;rjyKawmhum
3D cardsrsm; ½kduful;ae&if; ppfaq; jrifawGU aeMu&onf/ wkduf½kdufpepfjzifh
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a[mvd0k'f ½kyf&Sif yHkrsm;twGuf tvG,fwul rsm;twGuf 16.7 Mps csufcsif;tD;ar;jzifh ay;ydkY
awmfawmfrsm;rsm;wGif xyfrH ½kduful;,lEkdifonf/ model rsdK;ESifh antishake Ekdifaprnfh wifi digital
vnf; advanced graph- apmOD;ykdif;umvrsm;u modelrsdK;rsm;ukdyif camerarsm; aps;uGufokdY
ics trsdK;tpm;rsm; toHk;cs "mwfyHk t&nftaoG;rsm;rSm 0,f,l &&SdEkdifonf/ 0ifa&mufvmvdrfhrnf[k
vmMuawmhrnf jzpf\/ vnf; auseyfzG,f toifhtwifh&Sdaom arQmfvifhxm;Muonf/

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 109


<< Feature
WIRELESS VOICE OVER BIOMETRICS vHkjcHKrIpepfudk biometrics
IP(VOIP) odyÜH½kyf&Sif Zmwf rsm;jzifh pHowfrSwfxm;Mu
NETWORKING
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udk jrifawGUMu&rnfjzpf\/ jzpf\/ ypönf;ud&d,mwkdif;twGuf &Sdonfh movie channels

110 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


Feature >>
rsm; obm0ESifh rwlay/ aqmif&Gufay;\/ onfh screensrsm;udk ppfajrjyifoHk; em&DrS
VoD onf rdrd BudKufESpf Optical fibrewpfvdkif; &SyftusÐvufpD;ay:wGif ppftusrÐ sm;txdvnf;aumif;
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lasersrsm;udk jrifawGUEki
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fibre rsm;u yg;vTmaom aysmhajymif; Microsoft rS rsm;rMumrD

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 111


<< Feature
jzefYa0awmhrnfh Long- xkwfvkyfchJaom pDrHudef;
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optical 3D interfacersm; Audio Layer III)
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112 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


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uGefysLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckESpf 113


⇓ tifwmeuftñTef;
FunSchool
(http://www.funschool.com)
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vnf; 0,forl sm;rS apmifph m;cJMh u&onf BuD;aom pm;yGJwif *Pef;wGufpufrsm; onf tdwfaqmift&G,ftpm;jzpf½Hkru
txd jzpfcJhonf/ onfyif tqdyk gaqmif&u G cf suf av;rsKd ; 'DZdkif;ESifh ta&miftaoG;wdkYrSm xl;jcm;í
tqdyk g *Pef;wGupf ufukd tif*sif om yg0ifonf/ HP 35wGif tqifjh rifh vSyrI &dSonf/ xdkYaMumifh HP 35onf
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emitting diode (LED)yg0ifí uD; ac: rsOf;wHu&d , d mi,fjzifh aqmif&u G cf hJ onf ,aeY a cwf w d k i f td w f a qmif
cvkwf 35 ck &dSonf/ taygif;? tEkwf? Mu&ygonf/ 1622 ckEpS rf S pwif wDxiG f *Pef;wGufpufrsm;wGif rajymif;rvJ
tajr§muf? tpm; ponfh vu©Pm toHk;jyKcJhMuonfh qvdkuf½l;rsOf;wH &daS eqJ 'DZikd ;f wpfcv
k nf; jzpfaeygonf/

uGefysLwm*sme,fukd ESpfpOfaMu;ay;oGif;í rSmMum;vkdygu


*sme,fwkdufokdY vlukd,fwkdifvmxkwfvQif - 9000 usyf
pmwkdufrS ykdYvQif - 9500 usyf
atmufygvdyfpmokdY pmwkdufrS aiGvTJpmjzifhjzpfap? vlukd,fwkdifjzpfap ay;oGif;Ekdifygonf/
jzefYcsda&;wm0efcH - uGeyf sLwm*sme,f? trSwf - 197 (c)? yxrxyf?
33 vrf; (txuf)? ausmufwHwm;NrdKUe,f/

118 uGefysLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckESpf


ART OF GAME

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 119


ART OF GAME (REVIEW)

DOOM: 3
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pD;&D;awG[m ¤if;½kyf&SifeJY oabm
w&m;jcif; tawmfav;udk oGm;wl ajcwpfvSrf; aemufusovkd jzpf whJ creaturewpfaumif jzpfae
ygw,f/ t*FgN*dKvf&Sd okawoe aeNyD; tenf;i,f ½kd;tDoa,mif wm rMumcP awGU&ygw,f/
pcef ; teleport researchü xif&ayr,fh t&Sed t f 0gt& pGrJ uf Doom 3 [m tarSmifudk
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cku d &f whJ aemufcZH mwfvrf; jzpfyg vSwhJ *&yfzpftydkif; jzpfygw,f/ qefYusifaeygw,f/ usOf;ajrmif;
w,f/ John Carmark, Id, Doom temtqmr&Sd wifqufjyorIeJY whJ aumf&pf'gwpfcNk yD; aemufaumf
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awG jzpf NyD; yxrqHk;aom a&SU arGUvSwhJ rsufESmjyifom; texture pGef;xif;aewhJ ow¬KeH&HawGeJY
aqmif erlemuae FPS genre awGeYJ tjrifyikd ;f qkid &f m thaH rmzG,f arSmifru
kd af eumtvHyk w d tf aMumuf
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'De,fy,frSm odyfrMumao;cifu w,f/ pdwf roufromp&m 0ef;
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trSeftvm; obm0usrItem; xGuaf jy;vGwaf jrmufzYvdk nf; rvG,?f
csO;f uyfrvmEkid af o;yg/ ¤if;tydik ;f yke;f uG,pf &mvnf;r&S?d aygufurJG I
rS t&m0w¬Kt&dyaf wGeYJ ,dr;f xk;d jzpfvmrSmudk xkid af pmifah evkYdvnf;
vIy&f mS ;rIu xdwv f efYaMumufruf r& taetxm;rsdK; cHpm;&apr,fh
zG,af wG zefw;D ay;ygw,f/ axmifh Level tcef;yHkpH'DZdkif; jyKxm;jcif;
csdK;wpfckrS wpfpGef;wpfp xGufae vnf; jzpfygw,f/ tBuD;rm;qHk;
whJ BuD;rm;vSwhJ t&dyfwpfck[m wdk;wufrIwpfcku Doom 3[m
¤if;t&G,ftpm; wpf0ufrQom&Sd typftcwf*rd ;f oufouf r[kwf

120 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


(REVIEW) ART OF GAME

bJ aMumifu <uufukd upm;aom em&DeJYcsDtcsdefukefcHum space Gameplayt& xl;xl;axG


taMumufw&m;rsdK; jzpfapwhJ bar wykwfykwf vkyfchJ&w,f/ axG ajymp&mr&Syd g/ rnf;rnf;jrif
horror *drf;wpfydkif;vnf; jzpfyg ,ckacwfopf jyefvnfqef;opf &m ypfwhJenf;ygyJ/ wu,fawmh
w,f/ xm;rIrSmawmh vQdKU0Sufypönf;awG Doom 3 [m rlv*drf;eJY tvGef
*drrf mawGeYJ tjrJajymif;vJae udk vG,u f pl mG awGUjrifae&whJ BuD; wlwhJ ausmif;awmfa[mif;yHkpH jzpf
aom vkdtyfcsufudk trDvkdufEkdif rm;aom LockerawGxJrSm xnhf NyD; *&yfzpftydkif;udkom tvGef
atmif 'Dwpfcgawmh Doom 3rSm xm;ygw,f/ Lockerwpfcck sif;pD awmufajymifatmif vkyfxm;whJ
rlv*dr;f rS tjzpftysufrsm;avsmh&J udk vQdKU0Suu f ed ;f *Pef; key code remoke vdkY ajymvkdY&ygw,f/
pGmyg0ifwhJ oifhavsmfjynhfpHkaom eJY ydwfxm;ygw,f/ ¤if; key 'gqdk bmursm; Doom 3udk xl;
Zmwfvrf;aemufcHyg0ifvmygw,f/ codersm;udk PDA awGxu J per- jcm;apwmvJ/ wpfcku yg;eyfrI
rdepf20 Mum bkwftD; cut-scene sonal e-mailawG? audio log odyfr&Sdayr,fh thHMozG,f touf
awGawmhxnhrf xm;yg/Zmwfuu G f awGxrJ mS odr;f xm;vkYd awGUvdak wGUjim; ygwhJ &efool wå0gawGjzpfygw,f/
tvku d f oifuh t
kd ao;pdwv f yk af qmif pl;prf;&if; Zmwfvrf;ZmwfuGuf aES;auG;whJ zombie awG? un-
apwmrsdK;vnf; r&Sdyg/ tuf&Sif taMumif; *½kwpkduf zwf½I em; dead marines awG[m aemufyikd ;f
*dr;f jzpfwmeJYtnD a[mvd0'k Zf mwf axmifzkdY zdtm;ay;xm;ygw,f/ ay:vmr,fh ydkBuD;NyD;? ydkqdk;0g;whJ
nTef; jzpfpOfrsdK;awGtwGuf tcsdef 'gu Zmwfvrf;tay: vlawGpdwf creaturesrsm;&JU a&SUajy;om jzpf
ray;Edkifyg/ 'gayr,fh Zmwfvrf; 0ifpm;vmatmif taygpm; csOf; ygw,f/ yxr DoomrS owå0g
tjzpftysuf azG&mS vko d tl wGuf azG uyfenf; wpf&yfayyJvm;/ jzpf rsm; jyefygvmayr,fh rGr;f rHjc,fo
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ygw,f/ Doom urÇmokdY aemuf t&ifenf;vrf;awGxuf BuD;rm; Munhyf g? wpfcgu fireball eJY oifh
xyf topfrdwfqufay;rIjzpfwhJ aom wk;d wufrw I pf&yfjzpfNyD; 'Dvdk udk ypfcwfwwfwhJ vlom;t&G,f
PDA [m vkyaf qmif&r,fh wm0ef *drf;rsdK;eJY avsmfuefoifhjrwfonfh oblin rSifpmav;[m tck ajcmuf
rsm;pm&if;objective liststwGuf wpfrsdK;wnf;aom puzzlevnf; ayjrifh rsuvf ;kH q,fv;kH ygtif;quf
omru video logs, e-mails, jzpfygw,f/ eJYwlvmNyD; aMumufp&m aumif;
audio recordingawGeJY oif,ck
ydwf rd ae whJ ab;tEÅ&m,fqdk;
aemufcH taMumif;jcif;&m tao;
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ta&;ygwhJ vQdKU0SufcsufawG &&Sd
Edik yf gw,f/ 'gaMumifrh Ydk aoqH;k ae
whJ olawGtem;u PDA awG
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Doom*drf;ta[mif;awGrSm
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avQmuf eH&Hem;uyfNyD; tJ'Dtcef;
awG awGUrsm; awGUavrvm;vkdY

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 121


ART OF GAME (REVIEW)

pulse gumawGu wma0;ypf awGukd tpOftwkid ;f oGm;&wmrsm;


taumif;qHk;jzpfNyD; shot gum ygw,f/ao;i,fwaJh v0ifayguf?
avmufawmh usnfqefrsm;rsm; tqHk;rhJ aumf&pf'grsm;? arSmifrkduf
ay;rxm;yg/ BFG taMumif; whJtcef;awGeJY Doom 3&JU *&yf
xnhrf ajymbJeYJ DoomtaMumif; zpfawGu yxrawmh tajccH'ZD idk ;f
jynhfpHkvdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/ tvGef t& cyfqifqifvdk jzpfaeygw,f/
jyif;xefxad &mufwJh ¤if;vufeuf 'gayr,fh NiD;aiGUp&mraumif;yg/
twGuf usnfqefuawmh &Sm;yg; ½Iyaf xG;qef;jym;wh'J ZD idk ;f eJY BuD;rm;
vSygw,f/ tm;wpfcgjznhf½Hk oHk; aom puf,EÅ&m;rsm; vnfywf
&if eD;em;0ef;usif&SdorQ ysufpD; vIy&f mS ;aeyHak wG? BuD;rm;onf"h mwf
avmufatmif jrefqefum ta0; NyD;? tm;tjynfh oGif;NyD; oHk;&if aygif;zkrd sm;? {&mravqmud&, d m
uae ckeftkyf wkdufckdufwwfyg taqmuf t tH k & J U tk w f j rpf u d k rsm;? rodEkdifwhJokawoetwGuf
w,f/ ZombieawGvnf; axGjym; awmif wkecf gapygw,f/ Charge sample erl e maumuf , l a ewh J

jrm;ajrmifvmNyD; t&dyfxJrSm ykef; tMumBuD; jznfhNyD;oHk;r,fqkd&if pufvuf robotic armsrsm;[m


vQdK;uG,fvQdK;eJY eD;vmrS ckefxGuf awmh aoqH;k olu oifyJ jzpfomG ; scifi horror gameyDopGm tqef;

vmwwfwhJ undead scientists ygvdrfhr,f/ Chain sawuawmh wMu,f jrifuGif;yom' pHkvifyg


awG? ydkjrefNyD; tumtuG,f,l t*FgN*dK[fay: bmvmvkyfrSef; w,f/
vufeufoHk;pGJwhJ marins Zom- rodyg/ arSmifrkduf rGef;usyfwhJ 0ef;
bie awG yg0ifygw,f/ tjcm;&if;
vufeuf rsm;pGm[m usyf usif taiGUtoufeJY taMumuf
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SoulseJY MancubusawG jzpfyg jyefYwv Jh iG jf yifrmS BudKu&f mtESYH oGm; w,f/ 22 &mpk tmumo r&if;
w,f/ Hell knightudk vH;k 0jyKjyif Ekid jf cif;rsdK;r[kwfbJ level tcef; wyfom;[m arSmifru dk w
f eJh ,fajrqD
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awGu yDjyifvSygw,f/
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a&mpyf yg0ifygw,f/ Pistol,
Pulse gum, Shot gum, Rocket
LaunchereJY BFG 9000tukef
jyefygvmygw,f/ Chain gumeJY

122 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


(REVIEW) ART OF GAME

apvTwcf &H whJtcg bmaMumifh n


jrifuGif;rSefajymif; (splinter cell
uhJodkY) okYd r[kwf tJ'grsdK;wpfcck k
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[m r,HkEkdifavmufatmif tpGrf; tvGefpdwf0ifpm;aeygw,f/ 'g signal xGufaewhJt&mygyJ/
xufwm tajcpkdufpcef;&JU um aMumifh operationwpfck jyef yg0gawGxJuwpfcku Hell
uG,fa&;u odyfudk awmifhwif; vnfí xyfrHpwifum odyÜHynm Time yg/ ¤if;udo k ;kH jcif;jzifh uk,
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Xbox versionjzefYa0rSm jzpfovdk ygw,f/ tcsufjy signaleJY teD; prince of persiarSm Eye of the
PC twGuf Resurrection of qH;k a&muf&v dS mcsed rf mS Dr. Mc Neil storm taMumif;a&;wkef;u 'D
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wmu expansionudk Doom 3 ae&mu medpacksawGudk qGJ,l yJ jzpfygw,f/ Matrix ½kyf&SifrS
eJY 9-veD;yg;rQ tNydKif azmfxkwf Ekdifw,f/ 'gusawmh Half-life 2 pvku d w f Jh taES;jyuGuyf pkH u H kdtajc
csdef &chJwmaMumifh Zmwfvrf; u gravity gumeJY wlaejyefyg wnfí Max payne&JU Bullet
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Dr.Elizabeth McNeiljzpfyg udk Artifact vufeufrS pkyf,l storm ck Hell Time pwmawG
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aom tm;aysmhwhJ tcsufjy sig- eufqw dk m UAC udk qGaJ qmifum oabmwnf; jzpfygw,f/

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 123


ART OF GAME (PREVIEW)

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X3: REUNION upm;csifwhJolu story twkdif;
tpOfvkduf upm;Ekdifovdk free-
Egosoft&JU X *drf;pD;&D;awG X *drf;awGrSm tjrJwrf;tm; form gameplayudk BuKd uE f pS o
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124 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


(PREVIEW) ART OF GAME

DREAMFALL:
THE LONGEST JOURNEY

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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 125


ART OF GAME (PREVIEW)

venture *drf;rsm; xHk;pHtwkdif;


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umqmbvefum&Sd zcif&UJ aetdrf qkdif ajz&Sif;ae&w,f/ olrMunhf StealthyHkpH a&mpyf yg0ifvmay
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&uf jzpfygw,f/ ajymaep&m rvdk txm;odkY a&mufoGm;&ygw,f/ udk qef;opfxl;jcm;whJ "focus
atmif 'Dvt kd acgiftcsKyfukd aESmifh 'gu *dr;f &JUZmwfvrf;tysdK; yxr field" interface eJY ajz&Sif;
,SufcH&NyDqkdawmh ab;tEÅ&m,f tydkif;wpfydkif;yJ &Sdygao;w,f/ ay;xm;ygw,f/ Zoe&JU jrif
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pGm aoaMuxdcu dk rf oI wif;rsKd ;awG tusif; suspensersdK;uae ad- aom tqkyd g tvif;wef;

126 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


(PREVIEW) ART OF GAME

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SECRET
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Teddy Bear weapon
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Hockey Stick Weapone
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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 127


ART OF GAME (PREVIEW)

FINAL FANTASY XII Famicom (NES)*drf;puf


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rsKd ;twGuf uGjJ ym;whyJ &kH yd t
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ZanarkandrS grand blitzball rS tpysdK;rIwpf&yf jzpfvmygawmh VII rSm BudKwif renderedvkyf
ywfvnfNydKifyaJG wGukd ajy;jrifrMd u w,f/ xm;whJ CGI udk 3D polygon
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BudKwif pDrHtuGufcsxm;rI r&SdchJ

128 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


(PREVIEW) ART OF GAME

enf;eJYaygif;pyfumxkwu f ek yf pön;f 2 tay: a&mufvmygw,f/ PS FFX &JU wkduf½kduf aemufqufwGJ


tay: thaH rmzG,f wefz;dk jr§iw hf ifrI *drf;rsm;enf;wl ½kyf &Sif qef qef Zmwfvrf; FFX - 2xGufvmjcif;
wpf&yf jzpfapchJygw,f/ FFVII wifquf jyorIyHkpH ,l xm; NyD; yg/ tJ'DumvrSm square[m
udk tar&dum;rSm aps; uGuf wif aemufcH background udkawmh acwfO;D uwnf;u Mumjrifph mG NydKif
awmh qkdeDu aiGtajrmuftjrm; real-time tcsdefeJY wpfajy;nD bufjzpfchJwhJ Enix eJY yl;aygif;NyD;
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0,fcMJh uw,f/ odyrf MumcifrmS bJ apygw,f/ (FMV tqifhr[kwf *drf;'g½kdufwmu ausmf Mum; whJ
tJ'Doabmudk olwkdY od&SdoGm;Mu yg) Zmwf&SdefwufrIudk jrifhrm;vm Ogre Battle, vagrant Story,
NyD; ajrmuftar&du e,fajrwpf apNyD; t&ifxuf tpDtpOfwus Final Fantasy Tactics eJY Final
Fantasy Tactics Advance
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Matsuno jzpfygw,f/ FFXII
[m FFTA &JU urÇm Ivalice ay:
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ay:aygufapchJygw,f/ jyorIrsm;? pdwfMunfEl;zG,f Zmwf aewhJ tifyg,mESpfck Archadia
FFVIII rSm ydkNyD;awmhawmif aumifrsm;? cdkifrmyDjyifonfh *drf; eJY RosaliaMum;rSm wnf&v dS Ydk Ra-
tppftrSeftvm; obm0uswhJ pepfrsm;u y&dowf wpftw k w f r banastre[m ppfa&;t& tcsuf
CGI yg0ifvmNyD; FFIX uawmh BuD;tay: atmifEkdifchJygw,f/ tcsmuswhJae&m jzpfvmw,f/
xl;qef;pGmjzifh pD;&D;&JU rlvyHpk H jyef aemuf xl;xl;qef;qef; FFXI Archadia&JU usL;ausmfodrf;ydkuf
,lxm;ygw,f/ 'DZmwfvrf;oHk;ck uawmh massively multiplayer rIaMumifh RabanstreuswhJtcg
tNyD;rSm FF zef wD; ol awG [m online game-MMORPGjzpf zdEy dS w
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arQmMf unhMf ujyefygw,f/ 'Dwpfcg awmh 0rf;enf;p&myg) FF tay: toufqHk;½HI;chJ&vkdY vrf;ay:u
olwYdkjrifwJh tem*wfvrf;aMumif; vltrsm; jrifaeusypkH H tpDtpOf uavuacsav; jzpfvmwhJ Vaan
u PlayStation 2ay:rSm jzpfyg wus ZmwfaMumif;jyefajymwhJ wpf [m usL;ausmo f ul kd awmfveS w f u dk f
w,f/ OD;wnf; upm;&whJyHkpHrS uGJxGuf cku d &f if; ud, k yf ikd af voabFmwpfpif;
Final Fantasy XrS pí oGm;ygw,f/ aemufx;l jcm;rItae eJY ausmfMum;whJ sky piratewpf
rsdK;qufopf FantasiesawG PS eJY t&ifurMum;ch&J zl;aomyHpk jH zifh a,muf jzpfvmzkYd pdwu f ;l tdyrf uf

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 129


ART OF GAME (PREVIEW)

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tay: A[kjd yKí Vaan&JU &nf;pm; ydkíta&;ygNyD; teD;uyfeJY ta0;
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aumifawGeJY jcH&Hxm;ygw,f/ 'D*drf;[m t&ifpD;&D;awGxuf xl;
Final Fantasy XII[m 'D uJpmG jzifh ZmwfaumifeYJ wHYkjyefquf
pD;&D;awGxJrSm txm;tokd tcif; oG,frI? wkdufyGJyHkpH? Zmwfvrf;
tusif;eJY AdokumzGJUpnf;yHkt&yg aumufaMumif;tydkif;awGrSm opf
obm0tusqHk; awGU&ygw,f/ tJ'DtwGuf FF pD;&D;awG&JU vGif vwfqwfrI tjynfheJY ydkí
Squareu o½kyfazmf yef;csDq&m 0daoowpfcku ulnDajz&Sif;ay; obm0usrIudk ,laqmifvmay;
awG[m rBuHKbl;ao;whJtqifhxd ygvdrrfh ,f/ xl;jcm;whJ wku d cf u
dk rf I ygw,f/ wpfcyk ?J Zmwfvu kd f Vaan
tao;pdwzf efw;D yHak zmfay;xm;yg yHpk rH ygbJ Final Fantasy[k acgif; [m a,mufsm;yDyDoo usm;usm;
w,f/ wkdufyGJtwGif; tjynfht0 pOfwyfír&yg/ Final Fantasy vsm;vsm;yHpk H odyrf aygufwm ajym
3D 0ef;usifrSm uifr&mudk pdwf XII rSm tJ'p D epfu Gambitjzpfyg p&mjzpfaeygw,f/ Release date
BudKufywfvnfa&TUNyD; MunhfEdkifyg w,f/ Gambitqkw d mZmwfaumif udk *syefrmS 2005 [k owfrw S xf m;
NyD/ FFIV uwnf;u tjrJoHk;ae awGrSm wyfqifay;xm;vkdY &whJ NyD;? Square Enix&JU t&if a'o
us classic Active Time Battle item ypönf;toGif &Sdygw,f/ rdrd vku d jf zefYa0rI uGm[csufukd Munhf
(ATB) pepfudk Active Dimen- &JU AI PartnerawGtay: oD;oefY &if tar&duodkY 2005 aESmif;ydkif;
sion Battle (ADB)pepfopfeJY vrf; nTef csuf BudKay;xm;EdkifwhJ rS a&mufz, G &f w
dS ,f/ 2006 awmif
tpm;xkd;xm;ygw,f/ rlv ATB script oabmvJ jzpfygw,f/ a&mufcsif a&mufoGm;Ekdifw,f/
eJY qifwrl &I adS yr,fh (actionwpfck Gambitwpfckcsif;pDu uGJjym;whJ PlayStation 2&JU ae0ifqnf;qm
pwifzkdY jynhfatmif apmifh & r,fh action awG jzpf ap yg w,f/ umvaemufqHk; Final Fantasy
ATB tm; ta[mif;yg&Sdjcif;) Gambit wpfrsdK;u ¤if;wyfqif jzpfoGm;ygvdrfhr,f/ upm;csif&if
ydNk y;D opfviG af wmufywhv J rf;aMumif; xm;whJ Zmwfaumifukd vuf&dS a&G; awmh pdwf&Snf&SnfeJY apmifh&r,fh
opf jzpfygw,f/ tcsdefwcsdefrSm cs,f upm;aewhJ Zmwfaumif&JU oabmygyJ/
tzGUJ 0ifwpfa,mufuo kd mxde;f csKyf vIyf&Sm;rItwkdif; xyfwl vkdufvH
NyD; trdefYay;jcif;udk real-time vIyf&Sm;rI jzpfapygw,f/ aemuf
eD;yg; (ATB tm;jynhaf tmif apmifh Gambitwpfcku Zmwfaumifudk
zkdYvdk) apcdkif;Edkifygw,f/ wkduf olYoabmeJYol tvdktavsmuf
ckdufzkdY wpfcg trdefYay;xm;wmeJY wkdufckdufrI jzpfapw,f/ aemuf
ypfrSwf aoqHk;whJtxd odkYr[kwf Gambit wpfrsdK;uawmh wpfzGJU
tjcm; commandajymif;ay;whx J d vHk;udk tumtuG,fay;zkdY jzpfap
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rSmrqkd ZmwfaumifawGtMum; q,frsdK; yg0ifygw,f/
vSnyfh wfa&G;cs,fNyD; trdeYf awG vkd wkdufyGJtwGif;rSm enf;AsL[m
tyfovkd ajymif;vJay;Edkifayr,fh usus pOf;pm;&wmawG ygw,f/
Zmwfaumifrsm;pGm wpfNydKifwnf; upm;olZmwfaumif&UJ wnfae&m
yDyDjyifjyif xdef;csKyfzkdY rvG,fyg/ tompD;&rIawG oHk;wwfzkdY vdkyg

130 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


(NEWS) ART OF GAME

NEW GAMES IN MAY MOST POPULAR GAME


Date Title PlatForm Rank Title P l a t f o r m Genre

1 The Godfather PSP Action


0 2 Puyo Pop Fever PSP
Project S PSP 2 Doom 3 XBOX Action
Grand Theft Auto PSP PSP 3 Grand Theft Auto: PS2 Action
Geist GC San Andreas
Star Wars: Revenge Of The Sith DS
Yu-Gi-Oh: Nightmare Troubadour DS 4 God of War PS2 Action

6 Doom 3: Resurrection PC Action


0 3 Forza MotorSports Xbox of Evil
Pariah Xbox
Capcom FightingEvolutions Xbox 7 Half-Life 2 PC Action
Enthusia Professional Racing PS2 8 GoldenEye: Rogue Agent DS Action
Tom Clancy’s Ghost Recon 2 PC
Rainbow Six 4 PC 9 Area 51 XBOX Action

0 5 Star Wars Episode III: Revenge PC Xbox PS2 10 Final Fantasy VII: PSP Role-
of the Sith Advent Children Playing

0 9 Donkey Konga 2 GC 11 SWAT 4 PC Action

12 Stronghold 2 PC
1 0 Cold Winter PS2
Metal Slug 4 & 5 PS2 Strategy
Juiced Xbox PS2
Haunting Ground PS2 13 Tom Clancy’s Splinter XBOX Action
Wild Arms: Alter Code F PS2 Cell Chaos Theory
More...
14 Gran Turismo 4 PS2 Driving
1 6 Rhem 2 PC 15 The Matrix Online PC Role-
Playing
1 7 Psychonauts PS2
Mega Man Anniversary GBA 16 Jade Empire XBOX Role-
Collection Playing
Garfield PC
Sid Meier’s Pirates Xbox 17 Burnout Revenge XBOX Driving

1 8 Madagascar PS2 Xbox GC 18 Myst IV Revelation XBOX Adventure

19 Medal of Honor: PS2 Action


2 0 Knights of Honor PC European Assault
2 3 WarioWare: Twisted! GBA 20 Spy vs. Spy XBOX Action
Fire Emblem: The Sacred Stones GBA

2 4 Atelier Iris: Eternal Mana PS2


Destroy All Humans PS2 Xbox
Boiling Point PC
Boiling Point DVD-ROM PC
Fantastic Four PC

3 1 Digimon World 4 PS2 GC


King of Fighters: Maximum Xbox
Impact
Advent Rising Xbox
Advent Rising PC

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 131


ART OF GAME (HARDWARE)

HARDWARE : THE HISTORY OF CONSOLES

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orkdif;qkdwm ukd,frrDvkduf rsufpdusvmygw,f/ Famicom
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pdwMf unfE;l zG,wf pfcu
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acwfNydKif jzwfoef;rI[m orkdif; n§dEdIif;rIawG vkyfchJygw,f/
jzpfvmwmygyJ/ vuf&v dS v
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t&G,f *dr;f rmawGtaeeJY *dr;f con- Nintendo 1985 rSm ukd,hfbm
soleawG&UJ tqifq h ifh jzpfxeG ;f wk;d om jzefYa0zkdYyJ qHk;jzwfchJygw,f/
wufrIudk rsufjrifukd,fawGU jzwf tJ'Dwkef;u AD'D,kd*rd ;f aps;uGuf
oef;chJ&rSmyg/ 'Dv AOG rSm Fi- tm;aysmah eao;ovkd *dr;f avmu
nal Fantasyorkdif;aMumif; ajym rsm; a&mif;csjcif;jzifh pwifchJyg tusyftwnf; crash jzpfxm;
&if;eJY consoleorkdif;udkyg xnhf w,f/ aemufqHk;rSm tdrfwGif; wmvnf; rMumao;yg/ rkduf½l;&J
ajymzkYd vv
dk mwmaMumifh The His- consolexkwfvkyfrIrSm udk,fwkdif rI wpf&yfyv J m;/ 'gayr,fh Nin-
tory of Consolesudk wifquf yg0ifzkdY qHk;jzwfchJygw,f/ 1984 tendou olY&UJ tdrp f mrausbeJ YJ
vkduf&jcif; jzpfygw,f/ Game ü *syefrSm Nintendo&JU Fami- avmif; aMu;rxyf y g/ US rS m
Cube u vGJvkdY usefwhJpufawG com ( FAMIly COMputer) jzefYwhJ Famicomudk Nintendo
jynfwGif; aps;uGufrSm &SdchJzl;NyD;? AD',
D *kd rd ;f pepfawG pwifa&mif;cscJh Entertainment System (NES)
tcsdKUvnf; &SdaeqJyg/ ygw,f/ vkYd trnfajymif;vku d Nf yD; AD',
D *kd rd ;f
Console&JU aumif; rGef whJ consoleeJY odyfrwlapbJ com-
Nintendo NES/Famicom spaceseJY Nintendo&JU vlBudKuf putervkdvkd VCR vdkvdkeJY tjcm;
atmifjrifrwI pfck b,fv&dk &Sd rsm;whJ arcade*dr;f trsKd ;trnfawG tdrw f iG ;f azsmaf jza&; ud&, d mrsm;eJY
vmEkdifw,fqkdwm Zmwfvrf;wpf upm;vkYd&wht J wGuf *syefrmS csuf qifwlatmif 'DZkdif; xkwfxm;yg
yk'f ajymjycsifygw,f/ Nintendo csif; aygufomG ;NyD; wpfEpS t f wGi;f w,f/ vufvDa&mif;csolawGudk
&JU Consoleaps; uGuf xJ odkY 2.5 oef; a&mif;ch&J ygw,f/ *syef qGaJ qmifzYdk ra&mif;&whJ vufusef
tavmif;tpm;wpfckvkd ajcpHkypf rSm atmifjrifcNJh yD;aemuf Ninten- ypönf;awG jyef,lyghr,fvkdYawmif
ckef0ifchJjcif;[m omrefupm;p&m tay;t,lvkyfxm;ygao;w,f/
t½kyu f rk P
Ü aD v;udk tBuD;qH;k aom e,l;a,mufNrdKUrSm tprf;aps;uGuf
AD'D,kd*drf; consolexkwf vkyf ol a&mif;csNyD; wpfEkdifiHvHk; azazmf
tjzpfodkY a&muf&SdoGm;apchJw,f/ 0g&D? 1986 rSm jzefYa0ygw,f/
*drf;orkdif;rSm Nintendo[m vl 3rd Partyaqmzh0 f J azmfxw k o
f rl sm;
BudKufrsm;vSwhJ Donkey Kong tay: uefYowfí *dr;f awG tjcm;
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xkwfvkyfjcif; (arcade- ta<u r&Sdatmif jyKvkyfchJygw,f/
apheYJ upm;&wh*J rd ;f )? tjcm; home aemufyikd ;f rSm NESudk quf
consolersm;twGuf vkyfykdifcGifh cHr,fh consoletopfawG yGx J w k f

132 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


(HARDWARE) ART OF GAME

rSmjzpfayr,fh rlvatmifjrifrIvJ Bras, Rock Man(,ck Maga 16-bit odkY tul;tajymif;


aiGawGquf&atmif BudK;pm;chJyg Man)eJY Final Fantasyvkd RPG [m thMH op&mawmhr[kwyf g/ tp
w,f/ 1993 (tJ'DtcsdefrSm Su- utp tJ'Duwnf;u pwifay: uwnf;u Nintendo[m fami-
per NESxGufNyD;aeNyD) rSm NES xGef;chJwhJ *E¦0if*drf;awG? Zmwf com udk 16-bit taeeJY azmfxw k f
rk'd ,f 2 udk jzefYygw,f/ rlvxuf aumifawG jzpfygw,f/ uRefawmhf csicf w Jh m/ tJ'w D ek ;f u resources
wpf0ufrQaom t&G,o f m&SNd yD; ydrk kd twGuaf wmh AD', d m 'Dvdk awGu aps;BuD;vGe;f vdkY vQdKxm;&
D *dk rd ;f qkw
acsmarGUvmw,f/ acGxnhw f aJh e&m ygvm;vkdY yxrqHk; xdawGUcGifh&chJ jcif; jzpfygw,f/ Super Fami-
vnf; cdik rf mwnfNidrv f mNyD; eject whJ pufjzpfvkdY ckcsdefxd &ifckefaEG; com (16-bit Famicom)udk *syef
eJY Power cvkwfawGu Super axG;qJyg/ First Love is the rSm Ekd0ifbm 1989 ü jzefYcsdchJNyD;
NES eJY qifygw,f/ Control- deapestvkYdvJ tqk& dw dS ,f r[kwf tajccdik Nf yD;wmeJY *syefaps;uGu&f UJ
ler udkawmif SuperNES uho J Ydk vm;/ NyD;awmh uReaf wmht f zkYd uGef 80 &mckdifEIef; xdef;csKyfvdkufEdkif
t½k;d yHk ,lxm;ygw,f/ rk'd ,fopf ysLwmavmuukd pdwf0ifpm;vm ygw,f/ tjcm; 16-bit pepfawGukd
udk aps;oufompGm $ 45jzifh a&mif; atmif qGJaqmifchJwhJ t&mvnf; trDvu dk Ef idk zf Ykd&m tawmfav;awmh
csvkdY rlv interfaceeJY A/V out jzpfygw,f/ vIy&f mS ;ch&J ygw,f/ tjcm;pepfawG
port awG ygrvmawmhyg/ aemuf rSm xyfwrl &Sw d Jh txifBuD;avmuf
ESpfrSm &yfqkdif;oGm;ygw,f/ zG,f scalingeJY rotation effect
t qHk; owf rSm tavmif; awG rdwfqufxnfhoGif;ay;xm;
tpm;rS BuD;pGmaom tavsmt f pm; ygw,f/ NintendotaeeJY tjcm;
&&SdchJNyD; NES/Famicompepf 3rd party xHrS taxmuftyhHawG
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oef; 500 ausmf a&mif;ch&J NyD; tJ'D ygw,f/ tjcm; platform rsm;
acwfu vlBudKuftrsm;qHk; AD'D,dk tay: *drf;rsm;vkyfay;csifwhJ de-
*drf;pepf jzpfygw,f/ veloperrsm;tay: uefYowfcsuf
enf;ynmt&Munf&h if 8 bit rxm;zkYd uv kd nf; twdwfu oif
tqifh resourcestuefYtowf cef;pm&chyJ gNyD/ 'Denf;jzifo h m Nin-
eJY ynmom;yg wef;jrifhwhJ con- tendo [m tjcm;pepfawG *drf;
ceptygwhJ Super Contra; Bat- Super Famicom/Super rsm; zefwD;ay;aeolawGudk Su-
man, Ninja Ryukenden vkd Zmwf NES per FamicomtwGuv f nf; *dr;f
vrf;*drf;rsdK;awG zef wD; Ekdif wm 1998 0ef;usiftxd Nin- awG zef w D;ay;zk dY qG Jaqmif EkdifrSm
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acwfuwnf;u ½ky&f iS f cutscene &JU atmifjrifrI toD;tyGifhawG t"du developertrsm;pk[m
av;awG jzwfxnhfwhJtavh pchJ qufvufcHpm;ae&qJyg/16- bit SegaeJY vufrSwfxkd;NyD;om; jzpf
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qefqef taoG;ta&mifeJY o½kyf wufpD;eif;zkdY&m rvkdovkd xif& awG &&SdzkdY&m 'Dwpfenf;yJ tmrcH
azmfrI[m abstractoabmt& w,f/ 16-bit tqifhawGjzpfwhJ csuf &Sdygw,f/ Nintendo [m
ESpfNcdKufp&m wpfrsdK; jzpfygw,f/ NEC PCengine/ Turbo grafix jynfyrSm wifyYkd a&mif;cszkYd awmh zifh
Star Warsvdk *drf;rsdK;uawmif u *syefrSm? Sega Genesisu aES;aeqJyg/ vkdtyfwhJ ypönf;awG
rl&if; taiGUtoufukd yDjyifatmif US rSm AD', D *kd rd ;f aps;uGuüf pwif jywfvyfrIeJY US rSm NES rS aiG
yHak zmfEidk cf yJh gw,f/ Super Mario vTrf;rkd;pjyKvmygw,f/ awG qufvuf&&Sad erI[m Super

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 133


ART OF GAME (HARDWARE)

NESrsm; qufvuf a&mif;csEi dk cf Jh


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1998 rSm pau;csKHUxm;whJ
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pansion portawG rygawmhyg/
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xGuNf yD;odyrf Mumcif US rSm SFS
udk 'DZkdif; jyefvkyfxm;whJ rkd',f
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chJw,f/ aemufqHk; sept 1991rSm ygw,f/ NintendorSvJ aemuf pwif 0ifa&mufvmawmh t&if
US ü pwifjzefYa0chyJ gw,f/ UK usrcHbJ CD tajcjyK add-on Famicom (family Game)
rSmawmh April 1992rSm jzefYa0chyJ g awG pwif vkyaf qmifvmygw,f/ awGxuf tqifhjrifhwmudk ay:
w,f/ Sony eJY aemufykdif; Philips wkdY vGiaf pcsiw f myJvm;rod/ *dr;f qkid f
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av;twGi;f rSm rsm;jym;whJ *dr;f tpk xdk projectudk y,fzsufchJ&w,f/ wmu avqm*drf; [lowwf/
ta0; library eJY Sega&JU ajcvSr;f aemufawmh developertopf avqmenf;ynm wu,foHk;whJ
udk trDvu dk Ef idk cf yJh gw,f/ olwYdk&UJ Argonaut SoftwareodkY csO;f uyf CD *drf;puf Sony PlayStation
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olYpufrmS om upm;Ekid w f Jh exclu- tJ'D Super FX chipjzifh 3D pOf;pm;ay;MuygOD;/
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xefvmygw,f/ "Street Fighter Super NESudk toufqufapchJ Sega Genesis/Megadrive
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ausmfwufoGm;ygw,f/ aemuf pwifay:xGufvmwhJtxd chip vkyif ef;rSm vuf0g;Bu;D tkyx
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awGjzpfwhJ Sega CD, 3D gam- bit *drf;rsm;uhJokdY Munhfaumif;
ing rsm; pwif rdwfqufay;jcif; ojzifh 32-bit acwfrSmyif Super

134 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


(HARDWARE) ART OF GAME

wefjyefzkdY SegarS Master Sys- &duef *drfrmrsm;udk ydkí qGaJ qmif


temjzifh tm;xkwfchJygw,f/ tJ'D aom) tm;upm;*dr;f rsm; xkwv f yk f
uwnf;u olwYdk [mrsdK;qufopf chJw,f/ tar&dum;rSm Sega
*drf;pufudk rdwfqufay;zkdY odyf Genesisudk Sept1989
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azmfxkwfNyD;aemuf Sega Mega- 1990jynhEf pS u f ek yf ikd ;f
drive udk *syefrSm Oct 1988ü rSm *drf;rsm;a&;zkdY 3rd
jzefYa0chJygw,f/ yxrqHk; tppf party developer30
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&Sjd cif;eJY ,SOMf unhEf idk w f ,f/ Sega
Genesis[m tar&dum;rSm xl; aumif;ygw,f/ Michael Jack-
uJpGm atmifjrifrI&chJNyD; ydkí jrifh son, BatmaneJY Jewel Master
rm;aom vlBudKufrsm;rItqifhudk pwhJ aumif;rGefwhJ tittle awG
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vQdKU0Suf pDrHudef;wpfckrS &&SdchJyg
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gehoy[m xl;uJpGm aumif;rGef 1999 rS m E3 vd k Y a c:wh J
whJ *&yfzpf? vIyf&Sm;rI? toHwkdYudk tDvufxa&mepfjyyGrJ mS Nintendo
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w,f/ Mega drive[m *syefrSm esisudk xdyo f Ykd wGe;f ydYk ay;chw
J ,f/ opf console&JU ueOD; speci-
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ter BurmereJY Golden Axevkd yHk&dyfjzpfvmNyD; aps;uGufppfaq; atmif ajymxm;wht J csuu f pepf
tvGefatmifjrifwhJ *drf;awG &SdvkdY a&;tjzpf toHk;cschJygw,f/ topf[m tacG Catridge me-
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[m aps;uGuaf 0pk&&Srd I ppfqifa&; vufNyD; 0kdif;0ef;whJ teufa&mif awGeJY a0;uGmaechJw,f/ vawG
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omru developerrsm; tay: w,f/ *dr;f tittle awGuvnf; ydí k topftwGuf tao;pdwf tcsuf
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*drf;rsm; ajymif;,ljcif;eJY (tar t&Sifocif Sega[m ESajrmzkdY ydkif; ATI rS 0,f,lodrf;oGif;vdkuf

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 135


ART OF GAME (HARDWARE)

whJ jzpfxGef;p ukrÜPDav; Artx tdref YJ a0;aepOfqufupm;? oli,f jyefvkyfjcif;eJY sequelrsm; jyKvkyf
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qHk; consolerSm rlykdif enf;ynm awGu tGefvkdif; gamingudk azmf shita u jrifrdNyD; Panasonic R
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aumifudk GBA okdY ydkYaqmifNyD;

136 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


(GAME GUIDE) ART OF GAME

PRINCE OF PERSIA: odjrifcpH m;Ekid af tmif BudK;pm; wif


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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 137


ART OF GAME (GAME GUIDE)

&yfNyD; jrefjrefwHkYjyefwkdufyg/ "m; Tutorial u tao;pdwf vrf;nTef


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qufESdyfwhJtuGuf oHk;Munfhyg/ NyD; platform ay:a&mufatmif
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csxm;&ifyJjzpfjzpf umxm;wm

138 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


(GAME GUIDE) ART OF GAME

ygr,f/ b,fbufu ausmufw;kH uefwufyg/ aemufwpfqifh eH&H


ay: wuf? eH&Hudkajcuefwufí udk ajcuefwuf&if; (direction
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0ifvmwhJbufu Munhf&if ypfyg/ tcef;tv,f ausmufwHk; wind pGr;f &nfukd pwiftoH;k jyKEkid f
nmbufu cg;yef;pGef;udk ajc rSwpfqifh av;axmifhwkdifudk ajc ygNyD / tay:b,f b uf a xmif h
symbolrS vjcrf;yHk time power
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jyKvkyfEkdifygw,f/

Chase the Girl in Black


&Sm;'D; oifhrsufESmudkuefNyD;
ajy;NyD/ olYaemuf trDvkduf&

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 139


ART OF GAME (GAME GUIDE)

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a&SmifuiG ;f oGm;yg/ eH&rH mS ajy;aewhJ a&TUyg/atmufwpfqifh qif;yg/ u atmufajctxd ra&mufyg/
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odkYqGJwufyg/ Artwork chest
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140 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


(CHEATS) ART OF GAME

RISE OF NATION CHEAT SPLINTER CELL: PANDORA


RoN: Thrones & Patriots Passwords TOMORROW CHEAT
Cheat Codes
In-Game Codes You need to open your SplinterCell2user.ini file. It
is located in
Ubisoft\splintercellpandoratomorrow\offline\system
file. Open it with notepad and under Engine.Input
choose an unbound key and one of the following
codes after it. You can also use other unbound
keys to input other codes as well. Now while in
game press the bound key and your code will
activate. Now be sure to bound another key to turn
the code off. These codes are basically the same as
SC1 put you have to bind them to key for them to
work.
Sam is invisible but enemies can still bump into him
and start alerts. : invisible 1(you will not see
Sam)
You can enter these codes by pressing the Enter key turns off invisible : invisible 0
in-game. To make sure the codes work, substitute the god mode : invincible 1
bracketed area with the item you want to replace it god mode off : invincible 0
with. For example, with &quot;cheat diff [0-5]&quot;, no clip mode :ghost
if you wanted it at its hardest setting, you change no it clip off : walk
to &quot;cheat diff 5&quot;. more ammo :ammo
floating fly
Nuke at Pointer : cheat nuke freeze enemies playersonly
:
Get Technology Level : cheat library [#] unfreeze enemies : playersonly 0
Get Resources : cheat resource all+[#] gives health : health
Get Heavy Machine : cheat safe kills all enemies : killpawns
Gun Infantry spawn wallmine : summon
Finish Selected Building : cheat finish echeloningredient.ewallmine
or Item in Queue spawn sticky shocker summom :
Destroy Selected : cheat die echeloningredient. estickyshocker
Unit/Building
Defeat Player : cheat defeat [name]
Create Bird at Pointer : cheat bird
Change Difficulty : cheat diff [0-5]
Reveal Map : cheat reveal [0 or 1]
Reveal Map and : cheat sandbox
Control All Players
Victory for Player : cheat victory [name]

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 141


ART OF GAME (CHEATS)

spawn airfoil round :summon


echeloningredient.eringairfoilround
spawn smoke grenadesummon :
echeloningredient.esmokegrenade
spawn sticky camera summon
:
echeloningredient.estickycamera
spawn frag grenade summon :
echeloningredient.efraggrenade
spawn disposable pick: summon
echeloningredient.edisposablepick
spawn flashbang s: ummon
echeloningredient.eflashbang

ROME: TOTAL WAR CHEAT


Console Cheats
Note: Some of these can only be used once per
game. Press ~ during gameplay to access the
10 percent cheaper units bestbuy :
console, then enter the following:
in campaign mode
10 percent cheaper units : gamestop
Lists all traits : list_traits
in campaign mode
Move given character to : move_character
Rome: Total War Glitches
indicated coordinates
Get points for given :give_trait_points
unlock all nations
character’s trait Go to C:>Program Files>Activision>Rome - Total
Force opponent to accept : force_diplomacy War>Data>world>maps>campaign>imperial_campaign
diplomatic proposal >descr_strat. Then you will see a list that shows nations
Invincible general : invulnerable_general to start with, unlockable nations, and unplayable nations.
Change date :date Copy and paste the unplayable nations to the unlockable
Kill given character : kill_character nations category. Cut the nations that were formerly under
Change season season
: the unplayable category.P.S. most nations that were under
Given character gets : give_trait unplayable do not have descriptions or cutscenes
Stop other factions from moving.
given trait at indicated level
After you end your turn it shifts through the other factions
Instantly complete all :p rocess_cq movements. If you save during the turn of another faction
construction in que and then load, that faction will go through the rest of the
Toggle fog ofwar : toggle_fow turn without moving armys/navys or attacking.
Indicated side : auto_win Rome: TotalWar Secrets
automatically wins
Create unit with :create_unit HUGE amount of Denari
given stats Go to C:\Program Files\Activision\Rome - Total
Increase population in : add_population <#> War\Data\world\maps\campaign\imperial_campaignThen
open the text file “descr_strat”.Go all the way down till
given city by given amount
you see (Heres what it should look like) it shouldn’t take
Falling walls in siege in :jericho long. Then just edit the denari you want to have say from
battle map mode 5000 to 999999 (Most i’ve done) on your selected faction
Get $20,000 :add_money 20000 and then close the file run the game and when you play
40 percent larger : oliphaunt Imperial Campaign you should have the selected amount
elephants in campaign mode of Denari; >>>> start of factions section <<<

142 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


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uGefysLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckESpf 145


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t0 azmfaqmifay;Edkifonf/ odkYaomf uGefysLwmwGif 24bit
sound card&dSxm;vQif ydkrdk aumif;rGefygvdrfhrnf[k qdkxm;
ygonf/ wu,fwrf;wGif Power DVD version5wGiv f nf;
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uGefysLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckESpf 147


⇓S OFTWARE REVIEW

Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005 udk uGey


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onf toHk;jyKolrsm;twGuf ol vdkufzufonfhuwf
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jcif ; yif jzpf o nf / rl v uyif ¤if ; ud k touf MCE 2005 onf bmawG xl;
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oabmusaeMuaomol r sm; vnf; oD;oefY tvJrsm;udk www.microsoft.com/
twG u f aumif ; owif ; wpf c k jzpfMuygonf/ windowsxp/mediacenter wGif
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uvnf; MCE 2005udk tvG,f jzifh oif\ uGeyf sLwmwGif MCE tcrJh &Edkifjcif;? DVDs rsm; zef
wul0,f,í l uGeyf sLwmodYk xnfh 2005udk wif&efrSm oifhtwGuf wD;&ef vG,fulaom enf;vrf;
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facturer) ac: uG e f y sLwm qdkif&mrsm;taMumif;udk aemuf taumif;qHk;aom csdwfqufEdkifrI
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148 uGefysLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckESpf


SOFTWARE REVIEW ⇓
tu,f í csd w f q uf v d k y gu 2005wGif tcsdKUaom vkyfaqmif
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com jzpfonf/ Linux pepf rSwfcsufrsm; &dSaeonf/ xdkYtjyif olrsm;u vdkifpif&,lí a&mif;cs
toHk;jyKolrsm;twGuf MythTV oD;jcm;jyKvkyfxm;aom ta0; jcif;jzpf&m oifhtaejzifh tqdkyg
(www. mythtv.org) ESifh quf xde;f cvkwf (remote control)ESihf vdik pf iftwGuf [mh'0f yJ pön;f tcsKd U
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twGuf uGefysLwmwGif tajccH rnf/ ¤if;aqmhzf0Judk oD;jcm; MCE 2005twGuf vdktyf
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2.4GHz ES i f h ,m,D r S w f Ó Pf XP complete with Service taxmuftuljyKEikd &f rnfjzpfonfh
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uGefysLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckESpf 149


⇓S OFTWARE REVIEW
uwfrsm;twGuf www.ati.com onf/ yHkwGifjyxm;aom Hau- jyKxm;ygonf/ vufcHpuftjzpf
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qdkif&m taxmuftuljyKrIrsm; qufoG,f&efrSm www. gdinno- jzpfygonf/
wGif ATI avmuf rwdus[k qdk vations.comjzpfonf/
ygonf/ rnfoYkd yifjzpfap tqdyk g rnfonfh uwftrsdK;tpm; DVD decoder aqmhz0f J
uwfrsm;onf *drf;upm;&mwGif udk oHk;onfjzpfap oifhtaeESifh MCE 2005 onf tem
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tpm;rsm; jzpfMuí toHqlnHrI rS driver rsm;udkvnf; &,l&yg ,l&eftwGuf mpeg2 formatudk
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vnf; yg&dSygonf/ zG , f w pf & yf w G i f dual tuners 'pf*spfw,fwDADGrsm;twGufvnf;
vnf; yg0ifonf/ vdkif;wpfvdkif; oHk;aom format wpfrsdK;vnf;
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txufyg uwfrsm;rSm tem infrared oH k ; onf/ odYkr[kwv f Qif Cyber-link
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tuner uwfrsm;udk toHk;jyKEdkif cvkwfudk toHk;

150 uGefysLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckESpf


SOFTWARE REVIEW ⇓
oif\ uGeyf sLwmtwGi;f rS tylcsed rf sm;udk jyay;xm;rnfh Motherboard Monitor

uGefysLwm aupif ac: yHk; eufrSwpfqifh tcrJh &,lEdkifí


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CPU ac: A[dkxdef;csKyfpepfoHk; board trsKd;tpm; qdkonfudk
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twGif; av0if avxGufpepfrsm; trsKd;tpm;aygif; 946 rsdK;udk azmf
zefwD;xm;onfqdkonfhwdkif a& jyay;ygonf/ tqdkyg mother-
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rnf/ qdkvdkonfrSm uGefysLwm udk a&G;cs,f&ygrnf/ Main
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vmjcif;? vkyfaqmifcsufrsm; aES; \ t rsdK; t pm; udk (user's
auG;vmjcif;? rvdkvm;tyfonfh Edkifygonf/ tqdkygtcsufrsm;udk manual)vufpp JG mtkyf odYk r[kwf
trSm;rsm;udk jyvmjcif; ponfh BIOS twGi;f rS xde;f odr;f Edi
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tcsufrsm; jzpfay:vmwwfyg ru tvG,fwul jrifEdkifaom MotherboardwGif wyfqifxm;
onf/ odkYjzpfí uGefysLwmudk jrifuGif;wpfcktjzpfyg nTefjyEdkif aom ypö n f ; rsm;? yef u mi,f
tcsed Mf umjrifph mG toH;k jyKaeolrsm; onfh aqmhzf0Jrsm;vnf; ay:xGuf uav;rsm;\ vnf ywf EIef;
twGuf tqdkyg tylcsdefrsm;udk aeygonf/ ponfwdkYonf motherboard
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onfh aqmif&u G cf sufrsm; r&dcS yhJ g/ Motherboard udk apmifhMunfh odxm;&ef vdktyfygonf/
,ckacwfoHk; uGefysLwmrsm;wGif ay;aernfh vkyfaqmifcsufrsm; tqdyk g aqmhz0f u J kd wifNyD;í
tylcsdefudk ppfaq;ay;Edkifonfh Motherboard Monitor toHk;jyKaepOf uGefysLwmtwGif;
aqmhzf0Jvkyfaqmifcsufrsm; ay: ac: motherboardwGif&dS tvkyf &dS tylcsdef? yefumi,frsm;? CPU
vmNyDjzpfonf/ tylcsdefrsm;udk vkyfaqmifaeMurnfh ypönf;i,f ESifh qifqmrsm; ponfwdkY\ tyl
tcgrvyf toHk;jyKolodkY jyay; rsm;\ tylcsdefudk apmifhMunfh ppf csdefrsm;udk jrifuGif;wpfcktjzpf jy
jcif;? vdktyfvQif owday;jcif;ESifh aq;ay;aernf h aqmh z f 0 J o nf ay;&m temavmhcf*dwfrsm;toGif
twdkif;twm owfrSwfcsufrsm; 0if;'dk;pfpepfrsm;wGif tvkyfvkyf rDwmnTefjywHrsm;jzifh jyay;xm;
udkvnf; BudKwif xnfhoGif;xm; ay;ygvdrfhrnf/ ¤if;udk tifwm ygonf/

uGefysLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckESpf 151


⇓S OFTWARE REVIEW
tylcsdefudkxdef;odrf;ay;xm;rnf aom trSm;rsm; ay:aygufvmap wmudk wpfaeukef zGifhíxm;jcif;
wu,fwrf;wGif tvkyv f yk f ygrnf/ odYk r[kwf vkyif ef;rsm; &yf ESifh uGefysLwmudk tqifhjr§ifhwif
&mrS xGuf&dSvmonfh tylcsdefudk oGm;onftxd 'ku©ay;wwfyg jcif; odkYr[kwf ypönf;wpfckck
xd e f ; od r f ; ppf a q;&onf r S m onf/ tqdk;qHk;rSm tqdkyg CPU xyfrw H yfqifjcif;rsm;wGif tylcsed f
rvG,fulyg/ oif udk,f wdkif u processorysufpD;oGm;Edkifjcif; udk ppfaq;&ef vdktyfvmygrnf/
vnf; motherboardwGi&f Sd ypön;f yif jzpfygonf/ odkYjzpfí CPU ¤if;onf aumif;aom tavh
rsm;\ tjrifhqHk;aom tylcsdef \ tylcsdefonf 68 'D*&D pifwD tusifhwpfckvnf; jzpfygonf/
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csufpmtkyfwGif &SmEdkifygonf/ wmeufrS 0ufbfqdkufrsm;odkY 0if tylcsdefrsm;udk owdjyK&ygrnf/
txl;ojzifh Intel ESifh AMD wdkY a&muf arTaESmufjcif;? *drf;upm; odkYr[kwfygu rvdkvm;tyfaom
twGuf olwdkY\ 0ufbfqdkufrsm; jcif;? aqmhzf0Jwpfckckudk oHk;jcif; 'ku©ay;rIrsm; ay:vmygvdrfhrnf/
wGif MunfhEdkifygonf/ ponfh tcsdefrsm;wGif tylcsdef jrifh BudKwif ppfaq;jcif;jzifh Oyrm
Intel \ Pentium 4ESifh wufvmwwfygonf/ xdktcsdef CPU \ heat-sinkodkYr[kwf
AMD \ Athlon 64 wdkYwGif rsm;udk owdjyKoifhygonf/ yefumi,fuav;rsm;udk vJ&ef
¤if;wdkY\ tjrifhqHk; tylcsdefrsm; vdktyfrnfudk odvmygvdrfhrnf/
udk 70 'D*&DpifwD*&dwf[k azmfjy pdwfat;csrf;omrI &dSap&efrSm odkYr[kwf power supply,lepf
xm;onf/ Intel \nTef;qdkcsuf uGeyf sLwmudk aeYpOf toH;k jyK wpfckvHk;vJ&ef vdktyfaumif; vkd
rsm;t& CPUwGif owfrw S xf m; ae&olrsm;twGuf twGif;rS tyl tyfygvdrfhrnf/ tqdkyg tcsuf
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vkdY qkdygw,f/

152 uGefysLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckESpf


SOFTWARE REVIEW ⇓
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ay;Edkifygw,f/ a&G;vdkuf½HkygyJ/

uGefysLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckESpf 153


⇓S OFTWARE REVIEW

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154 uGefysLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckESpf


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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 165


IT TESTING ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

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ckrS ajcukefvufyrf;vnf;us ]ydk;} awGqdkawmh zsufypfvdkufwmaygh/ oifvdkufrS tdkifhuGefysLwmxJu ]ydk;}
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166 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


○○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

(Locator) qdkNyD;&Sdaeao;vdkY/ 'g


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uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 167


IT TESTING ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

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bmom&yfrmS Japan-Myanmar Cross Certification IT Engineer Exam
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123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
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168 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


○ uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz

uGefysLwmtar;tajz

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'geJY uRefawmf Safe Mode OptionxJuae yxrqHk;tcsufu armif&ifh uGefysLwmxJ
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uRefawmhftjrift& [mh'f'pf C: xJrSm bmrSr&dS C: xJu 0if;'d;k pfpepfukd zsufvu kd yf g/ taumif;
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uGefysLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckESpf 169


uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz
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f m;jcif;jzifh BIOS udk zGiyhf g/ Bios Features 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789
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- To create a partition in the unpartitioned
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14654MB Disk0 at IDE .........
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C: Partition1 <SYSTEM> [FAT32] 8001MB
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D: Partition2 <DATA> [FAT32] 6613MB
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Unpartitioned space 39MB
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u olwYkd&UJ [mh''f pfukd ppfaq;ay;wJh aqmhz0f aJ wG 123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789
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csJU,loGm;ygvdrfhrnf/

<TABLE CELLPADDING = number>


Margin around cell content
Cell paddingqko d nfrmS Figure 10-19wGif azmfjyxm;&Sd
onfhtwkdif; cell wGif yg&Sdonfh contentESifh cell border
tMum; tuGmta0;yrmPudk qkv d jdk cif; jzpfonf/ Cell wpfck
tjzpf oD;jcm;wnf&Sdap&ef abmifwpfcktaejzifh pOf;pm;,l& <TABLE BGCOLOR = color>
Table background color
Figure 10-21wGif jrifawGU&onft h wkid ;f tablewpfcv
k ;kH
udk aemufcHta&mif twdtusay;jcif;twGuf BG COLOR
ukd uk,
d pf m;jyKí toH;k cs&onf/ yHw
k iG jf yqkad y;rIonfversion
4.0 browsersudk toHk;csxm;ygonf/ ¤if;xuf version
jrifhuvnf; þenf;twkid ;f yif jzpfygvdrrhf nf/ aemufct
H a&mif
twGuf valueudk ta&miftrnf odYkr[kwf ¤if;\ pHjyKta&mif
tnTef;eHygwfrsm;jzifh azmfjyavh&SdMu\/ ta&mif twdtus
jyqkday;rIudk tcef; 12 wGif tao;pdwf azmfjyay;ygrnf/

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 175


uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
TOOL TIP
ay:jyLvmjzpfaeonfh authoring programsoHk;rsdK;udk toHk;csí table-level settingrsm; jyKvkyfyHkudk atmufygtwkdif;
avhvm Munhf½IEdkifonf/

176 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
Corbining table attributes aomtcg figure 10-23wGi f jrifawGU&onfth wkid ;f a'gifvu
dk f
txufyg setting tm;vHk;udk pkaygif; toHk;cs,lyHkudk Z,m;uGuf columnsrsm; ta&twGuf twdtustwkdif;
Figure 10-22wGif jynfhpHkpGm jrifawGUEdkifygonf/ owfowfrSwfrSwf spanrsm;jzifh cell udk csJUxGif,lonf/
TabletwGif; columnsrsm;\ ta&twGuf ausmfvGefaom
taetxm;rsm;&SdchJygu rsm;aomtm;jzifh browsersrsm;
onf vuf&dS tablewGif columnstydkrsm; xnfhoGif;,lwwf
onfjzpfojzifh rdrad y;rnfh COLSPAN valuesudk txl;owd
xm; aqmif&Guf&rnfjzpf\/

<TD ROWSPAN = number>


Row span
<TD>tap wpfcktwGif; ROW-SPAN attributeudk
xnfo
h iG ;f aomtcg? Cell rsm;onf Figure 10-24wGif azmfjy
xm;onfhtwkdif; tvsm;vdkuf Z,m;uGuf rows rsm; ta&
twGuf wduspGmjzifh atmufbufodkY csJU,lygvdrfhrnf/
Controlling Individual Cells
Cell levelü pdwf0ifpm;zG,f tablewpfck jzpfvmap&ef
tvdYk imS settingrsm; pDpOfcs,lrrI sm;wGif atmufyg vkyaf qmif
csufrsm;vnf; yg0ifae\/
- a'gifvdkuf Z,m;uGuf? tvsm;vdkuf Z,m;uGuf tuGm
ta0;rsm;
- Cell t&G,ftpm;rsm;
- Cell contentsrsm; oG,fwef; csdefn§dcsufrsm;
- Cell rsm;\ aemufcH ta&miftaoG;rsm;
tqkdyg yHkyef;oP²meftm;vHk;onf <TD> taptwGif; tu,fí rdrdonf trSefwu,f&Sdaeaom rows ta&
udk,fpm;jyK toHk;csrIrsm;jzifh xdef;csKyf,lxm;Muonf/ twGux f ufrsm;aom ROWSPANvaluesudk owfrw S rf yd g
wpfckcsif; vkyfaqmifyHkudk atmufygtwkdif; jrifawGUEdkif u tablewGif rowstydkrsm; jznfhpGufay;vdrfhrnf r[kwfay/
onf/ qkdvkdonfrSm rjzpfEkdifaom valueudk owfrSwf,lvQif table
structureudk yHkysufoGm;apEkdifonfhtwGuf ROWSPAN
<TD COLSPAN = number>
value udk tqrwef rowfrSwfEkdifapjcif; jzpf\/
Column span
Spanning CellsESifh ywfoufí NyD;chJaom tcef;rsm;
<TD WIDTH = numberHEIGHT = number>
wGif 'DZikd ;f toGit
f jyifrsm;\ taetxm;udk rdwqf ufay;NyD; Call width and height
jzpf\/ <TD> taptwGi;f COLSPAN attributesudk toH;k cs Figure 10-25wGif jrifawGU&onfhtwkdif; toHk;jyKvkd
aom cell wpfck\ twkdif;twm t&G,ftpm;udk wduspGm
owfrSwfEkdifa&;twGuf WIDTH ESifh HEIGHT attribute
rsm;udk toH;k jyK&onf/ Pixel measurement wpfck odYk r[kwf
&,lEidk af om window \ &mckid Ef eI ;f yrmPjzifh wduspGm owf
rSwf,lEkdifonf/
Cell wpfck\ tus,fudk owfrSwf&mwGif column\
tus,u f kd jynfph pkH mG xm;&SNd y;D jzpfaeygonf/ xked nf;vnf;aumif;
yif cell wpfck\ tjrifhESifhywfoufonfh settingonf row

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 177


uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
wGif &Sad eaom cell rsm;\ tjrifu h kd oufa&mufapygvdrrfh nf/
cell \ tus,E f iS hf columns\ tus,w f Ydk conflit r&Sad p&ef
txl;owdjyK&onf/ Table twGif; tus,fowfrSwf&mü
'ku©uif;a0;ap&ef taumif;qHk;enf;vrf;rSm cell tm;vHk;yg
&Sdaprnfh row wpfckudk toHk;csjcif;yif jzpf\/ (Oyrmtm;
jzifh column spansrsm; rxm;&Sdjcif;/)
xkYdtwl pixel twkid ;f twmwpfcjk zifh twdtus toH;k jyK
aomtcg <TABLE> tap wGif&Sdaeonfh twkdif;twmESifh
vkdufavsmnDaxGjzpfap&ef rdrd\ cell twkdif;twmrsm;
pkpkaygif;udk owfrSwf,l&ef owdjyK&onf/
xko d Ykd owfrw S cf sufrsm; wduspGm jyKvkyo f nfw
h idk f Table
\ t&G,ftpm;rSm rrSef;qEkdifaom tajctae &Sdaewwf
rsm;rSm top, centerodkYr[kwf bottom[lí jzpf\/ aqmif
&Guf&&SdyHk tajctaersm;udk Figure 10-26wGif jrifawGUEkdif
onf/

Header Cells
ColumnwpfckpD\ txufwGif headingrsm; xm;&Sdonfh
tcgrsdK;wGif table cell tapwpfcu k kd toH;k jyK&onf/ tqkyd g
cellsrsm;udk header[kac:í <TH> tapsjzifh nTefjy,lMu
onf/ <TD> rsm;uhJodkYyif vkdufem aqmif&Guf,l&onf/
¤if;wkYd txJwiG f text rsm;? displayvkyof nft h cgrsdK;wGio
f m
onf/ ¤if;wGifyg&Sdrnfh contenttwGuf ae&mvkdtyfaeygu default jzihf bold ESifh centerrsm; aqmif&Guf,laponf/
cell onf a,bk,stm;jzifh t&G,t f pm; jyefn,d§ El idk yf gonf/ <TABLE CELLPADDING = 6 BORDER =1>
xkYd aMumifh cell ESihf table size specifications
rsm;onf mini- <TR>
mum valuesrsm;jzifhom pOf;pm;xm;oifhonf/ <TH> Name</TH>
<TH>Occupation</TH>
<TH>Location</TH>
<TD ALIGN=left/right/center </TR>
VALIGN = top /center/bottom> <TD>Jennifer Niederst</TD>
Cell content alignment <TD>Web Designer</TD>
ALIGN ESihf VALIGN attributesrsm;onf cellstwGi;f <TD>Boston, MA</TD>
&Sd elementsrsm;\ alignmentudk xdef;csKyf aqmif&Gufay; </TR>
onf/ Cell wpfcktwGif; text (odkYr[kwf elementwpfckck) </TABLE>
udk default jzifh ae&mcsxm;,ljcif;onf Cell \ tjrifhESifh Name Occupation Location
ukdufnDrnfh taetxm;twGif; b,fbufESifh tv,frsm; Jannifer Niederst Web Designer Boston, MA
twGuf ae&mcsxm;ay;\/
ALIGN attributeonf cell wpfct k wGi;f tvsm;vku
d f
elementsrsm; csxm;rIudk aqmif&Gufay;onf/ ¤if;\ val- <TD BGCOLOR = "color name or number" >
ues rsm;rSm left, right odkYr[kwf center [lí jzpfonf/ Cell background color
VALIGN onf cell rsm;twGi;f elementsrsm;twGuf axmif Table celltwGif; aemufcHta&mif&&Sda&;twGuf BG
vkduf ae&mcsxm;rIudk aqmif&Gufay;onf/ ¤if;\ values COLORudk toH;k jyKEkid af Mumif; Figure 10-27wGif jrifawGU

178 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm

Edkifonf/ tao;pdwf wduspGm aqmif&GufyHkpepfudk tcef; 12


wGif qufvuf azmfjyay;ygrnf/

Combining cell attributes


Figure 10-28wGif awGU&onft h wkid ;f <TD> tapwpfck
wnf;twGif;ü attribute settingsrsm;pGm xnhf,lEkdifonf/ pGm ppfaq;NyD;rSom tableudk wnfaqmufoifo h nf? okYdr[kwf
rdrd cell \ tjrifhudk tavsmhtwif;&ap&ef pDpOfxm;oifh\/

Collapsing Cells
Netscape Navigator wGif contentrsm; ryg0ifaom
cell ysujf y,frI tavhtxwpfcjk zifh pdwt f aESmiht
f ,Suf jzpf&
wwfonf/ Cell rsm; aysmufaewwfjcif;? cell \ aemufcH
ta&mifaysmufaewwfjcif;rsm;udk Figure 10-30wGif azmfjy
xm;onft h wkid ;f jrifawGU&wwfonf/ Table\ abmifvikd ;f
rsm;udk ajymif;vJvkdufvQif cell onf pagewGif &Sdaeaom
aemufctH a&mifjzifh wlaeaomta&mifukd jznhaf y;wwfonf/
Where Table Go Wrong odkYtwGuf <TD>tapsrsm; tpHkvkduftm;vHk;tMum; tcsdKU
Tablersm;udk acgif;uku
d pf &mtjzpf odxm;csio
f x
d m;Muyg minimal contentrsm;twGuaf wmh taocsmqH;k jzpfaponf/
vdrfhrnf/ ½IyfaxG;aom codersm; yg0ifaejcif;aMumifh vnf;
aumif;? browserrsm;onf codersm;udk interpretvky&f mwGif
tvSnfhtapmif;av;rsm;ygonfh enf;vrf;rsm; oHk;xm;jcif;
aMumifvh nf;aumif; þokYd odxm;Mujcif;jzpf\/ pagewpfck
wGif wdusvSyaom cell twkdif;twmrsm;ESifhtwl tablersm;
wefqmqifonftcg txl;OD;aESmufajcmufaponf/
jyóem&yftm;vHk;udk rwifjyEkdifaomfvnf; uarmuf
ur rjzpfaponfh tcsdKUwpf0ufuakd wmh wifjyay;Edik yf gonf/

Expandup Text in Cells


Text t&G,t f pm;rsm;onf toH;k jyKrsm;u trsKd ;rsKd ; xm;,l
wwfonfudk jyefvnf owd&MuygvdrfhOD;rnf/ Cell wpfck
twGif; text udk toHk;cschJvQif cell onf tqkdyg text rsm;udk
ae&may;vkduf&onfhtavsmuf um;oGm;Ekdifygonf/ erlem
tjzpf figure 10-29wGif jrifawGU&rnfjzpfojzifh text twGuf
cell twGi;f 0ifqE
Hh idk af vmufonfh twkid ;f twm&Sd r&Sd aocsm

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 179


uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
TOOL TIP
ay:jyLvmtjzpfqHk; authoring programsoHk;rsdK;wGif tqkdyg cell-level settingsrsm; csdefn§dyHkudk atmufygtwkdif;
avhvmMunhf½IEkdifonf/

180 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
tedrqhf ;kH characterrsm; jyJurJG oGm;apaom zGi, hf jl cif;rsKd ; Avoiding Extra whitespace
txd xdef;xm;Edkifonf/ Cell t&G,ftpm;udpu ö dk wduspGm Cells rsm;ESifh abmifvdkif;rsm;tMum;jzpfap? table cell
jzpfapvkdvQif transparent graphic udk toHk;csí vkyf,loifh rsm; wpfckESifh wpfcktMum;jzpfap white spacetydk xm;avh
onf/ 1 pixel wide x 1 pixel tallomxm;í WIDTH ESifh &SdMuonf/ ta&mif&Sdaeaom cells rsm;ESifhtwl seamless
HEIGHT attributersm;udk <1MG> tapwGif vkdtyfaom
effect wpfckzefwD;&ef BudK;pm;aomtcg okdYr[kwf images
cell t&G,ftpm;txd jyKvkyf&ef toHk;csí&onf/
BuD;BuD;wpfckESifh twlwuG azmfjyvdkaomtcgwGif white
spaceudk vufcHaqmif&GufEkdifp&m taMumif;r&Sday/
Shifting Columns
<TD> tapjyKvkyfxm;onfh cell twGif; rMumcP BuHK
TablewpfckwGif column spanrsm;pGmxm;&Sdjcif;onf
awGU&wwfaom jyóemjzpf\/ TablewpfcktwGif; white
width specificationudk t½IyfxkyfBuD;ozG,f jzpfoGm;apEkdif
space&SdaeouhJodkY <TD> tap wpfcktwGif; extra space
onf/ HTML jzifh table wpfckudk NyD;jynfhpHkap&ef jyKvkyf
wpfckckudk browserstcsdKUu tvdktavsmufxm;oGm;wwf
onf/ atmufazmfjyyg code wGif character space onf
<1MG> tagrS cell twGuf extra space udk rdwq
f ufxm;&Sd
ay;onf/
<TD> <1MG SRC = "top left.gif"> </td>
Cell container tags rsm;twGi;f jyefo,faqmifvmrIrsm;
&Sad omtcg white spacervkt d yfrv
I nf; jzpfay:vmwwf\/
<TD>
<1MG SRC = "topleft.gif">
</TD>
Seamless table wpfck vkdtyfvmvQif cellpadding
ESihf cellspacingtm;vH;k udk <TABLE> tagwGif okn tjzpf
csdenf xd§ m;&onf/ yl;wGyJ g&Sad om <TD> ESihf </TD> tagrsm;
cell twGif; rS contentsrsm; wGef;z,frIaMumifh extra space
r&Sad wmhjcif;? jyefa&mufvmjcif;rsm; jzpfwwfonf/ pdwtf cs&
qHk; enf;vrf;rSm rdrd\ cell tagrsm;ESifh ¤if;wkdY\ content
rsm;udk wpfaMumif;wnf;ay:wGif xm;&Sd&efyif jzpfonf/
<TD> <1MG SRC = "top left.gif" </TD>
a&;om;xm;aomfvnf; figure 10-31wGif jrifawGU&onfh Codevkdif;rsm;udk zsufvdkvQif tagwpfcktwGif; vkyfí
twkdif; browseray:wGif ab;odkY jyefYum;oGm;wwfonf/ &onf/ tag udk rxdckdufay/ Cell twGuf rnfonfh extra
þonfrSm rdrdjyKvkyfaom column spanwGif tcsdKUudk ra& spaceudkrQ qGJxkwfrvmapEkdifay/
rwGufapEkdifaom taetxm;rsdK;&Sdonfh width jzifh xm;&Sd Oyrmtm;jzifh
aomaMumifh jzpf\/ Tableudk tajccHí rdrday;aom code <TD> <1MG SRC= "top left.gif"> </TD>
udk oifhavsmfovdk browsertaumif;qHk;tjzpf pDpOfay;chJ þodkYjzpfjcif;udk rSwfxm;oifhaom tcsdefjzpfonf/
onf/ taMumif;rSm <TABLE> ESifh <TR> tagsrsm;onf tjcm;
Column widthrsm; vdt k yfovk&d adS p&ef vSnu
hf u
G w
f pfck tags rsm;om yg&SdNyD; table twGuf actual contentsrsm;
rSm row wpfcktwGif; wGJvsuf&Sdaom cell rsm;\ WIDTH r&Sdjcif;? tqkdyg tags rsm;twGif; spacersm;ESifh return
value xnfhay;í COLSPAN settingxm;&Sdray;jcif;yif
rsm;udk rodusdK;uRef jyKxm;jcif;wdkYaMumifh jzpfonf/ rdrd\
jzpf\/ rows rsm; wGJvsufr&SdchJygvQif table\ atmufajc Tablesrsm;wGif white spacejzifh taESmihft,Suf jzpfaeyg
odkYr[kwf xdyfqHk;wGif HEIGHT udk okntjzpf csdefn§dxm; vQif xkd <TD> tagsrsm;udk ppfaq;Munfh&efom jzpf\/
onfh control rowwpfck zefwD;,l&rnf jzpf\/ Control

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uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
HTML Review - Table Tags
atmufazmfjyyg tags rsm;onf tcef; (10) twGif; azmfjychJaom tag ESifh Attributes rsm;jzpfojzifh tusOf;csKyftjzpf
rSwf,lEkdifMuygonf/

Tags and Attributes Function


<TABLE> table wpfck\ tpESifhtqHk;wGif jy|mef;,ljcif;
BGCOLOR = "number" or "name" tablewpfckvHk;\ aemufcHta&mifowfrSwfjcif;
BORDER = number
tableywfvnf&Sd abmiftxlowfrSwfjcif;
CELLPADDING = number
cellsrsm;tMum; tuGmta0;owfrSwfjcif;
HEIGHT = number
WIDTH = number tabletjrifhudk pixels odkYr[kwf &mEIef;jzifhowfrSwfjcif;
<TD> table\ tus,fudk pixels odkYr[kwf &mEIef;jzifhowfrSwf
ALIGN = left/right/center jcif;
BGCOLOR= "number" or "name" table rowwpfcktwGif; cell wpfckudk jy|mef;,ljcif;
COLSPAN = number cell contentsrsm;tm; tvsm;vdkuf csdefn§dowfrSwfjcif;
HEIGHT = number cell \ aemufcHta&mifowfrSwfjcif;
ROWSPAN= number
VALIGN = top/middle/bottom/baseline spanwlnDpGm cell \ columnsrsm; owfrSwfjcif;
WIDTH = number cell tjrifhudk pixels odkYr[kwf &mEIef;jzifh owfrSwfjcif;
tuGmta0;wlnDpGm cell \ row rsm; owfrSwfjcif;
<TH>
Cell contentstwGuf axmifvdkufcsdefn§djcif; cell tus,f
(<TD> taguhJodkYyif ukd,fpm;jyKay;\)
udk pixel odkYr[kwf &mEIef;jzifh owfrSwfjcif;
<TR>
ALIGN = left/right/center table acgif;pD;
BGCOLOR = "number" or "name" tabletwGif; row wpfckudk jy|mef;jcif;
VALIGN = top/ middle/bottom/baseline t"dyÜm,f zGifhqkdvkdaom row twGuf cell contentsrsm;udk
tvsm;vdkuf csdefn§djcif;
t"dyÜm,fzGifhqkdvdkaom row twGuf aemufcHta&mif
owfrSwf,ljcif;
t"dyÜm,f zGifhqkdvdkaom row twGuf axmifvdkuf
csdefn§djcif;

row onf browsertwGif; rendervkyfvdrfhrnf r[kwfay/ jcif; jzpfonf/ odkYaomf 'DZkdif;orm;rsm;onf pagetcif;
odYk &mwGif ¤if;rS rnfrQus,fjyefYaom taetxm;jzpfvmonfh tusif;udk xdef;csKyf&ef ¤if;wkdYudk toHk;jyKí zefwD;xm;aom
wkdif table udk yHkpHusus vkyfay;xm;Ekdifonf/ Authoring enf;vrf;rsm;udk csufcsif; &Sm,lEkdifMuonf/ xkdYtjyif
tools awmf a wmf r sm;rsm;onf xk d control row rsKd ; ud k ay:jyLvmjzpfaom tricks tcsdKUjzifhvnf; tables rsm;udk
tvkt d avsmuf wnfaqmufay;ygvdrrhf nf/ ¤if; jzifh browser vkyfEkdifygao;onf/
rsm; uGJjym;jcm;em;rI &Sdonfhae&mokdY jzwfoGm;onfhwkdif table
coderS xdef;csKyfoGm;rnfhoabm jzpf\/ Page Structure
Sites awmf a wmf r sm;rsm;wG i f page wnf a qmuf r I
Using Tables for Alignment tcif;tusif;wGif two-column tableudk toHk;jyKMuonf/
NyD;chJaom tcef;u@rsm;wGif wifjyxm;chJonfhtwkdif; ay:jyLvm jzpfaom enf;pepftrsm;pkrSm Links rsm;twGuf
tables rsm;onf rlvobm0tm;jzifh data \ columns usOf;ajrmif;aom column wpfckudk zefwD;,lí content
rsm;ESifh rowsrsm;udk cif;usif;rI jyKay;&ef &nf&G,fvkyfaqmif twGuf page\ remainderudk toHk;jyK&efyif jzpfonf/

182 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f


uGeyf sLwmoifcef;pm
Pixel measurements rsm; wduspGmjzifh rdrd\ table
Figure-10-32
width udk a&G;cs,,f &l rnf/ Window \ tus,af y: rlwnfí
width udk t&G,t f pm; jyefvnf ajymif;,lEidk &f rnf/ odYk r[kwf

Fixed width
In this example, the width of the table and the
widths of each column are set to specific pixel
measurements

The columns and table will remain the same


width regardless of the size of the browser
window.

Relative width
Here, the table always iflls the width of the
page (its width is set to 100%) and each
column is a specified percentage of that width.

This laout flexes to fill the width of the window.


The columns flex too, but in proportion to each
other.

Combination
In this table, the left column stays a fixed width,
while the right one is allowed to flex with the
page.

This table fills the window (its width is set to


100%) . Cell with a pixel measurement stay put
(this one at 150 pixels), and cells with no
measurement expand to fill the remaining
sapce.

¤if;wkdY ESpfckvHk;vkyfxm;yHkudk Figure 10-32wGif jrifawGUEkdif


onf/ Page layoutwpfckcsif;udk ½kd;&Sif;pGm azmfjyxm;onf/

Centering in the Window


Browser window\ tv,fwnfhwnfhrSpí page
elementwpfcu k kd wpfcyk u
kH kd Figure 10-33wGif jrifawGUEdik o
f nf/
Width ESifh Height udk 100 &mckdifEIef;jzifh csdefwG,fí cell
wpfckjzifh tablewpfckudk ½kd;½kd;&Sif;&Sif; jyKvkyfjyoxm;onf/
xkdYaemuf aligment udk tv,fwnfhwnfhwGif &Sdapí
axmifvdkuf aligmentudkvnf; tv,fwGifxm;onf/
tcef; (11) ukd
qufvuf azmfjyay;ygOD;rnf/
au;udk (wkd*kd;&Sd*ifZm)

uGeyf sLwm*sme,f arv? 2005 ckEpS f 183

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