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    Dielectrics: Charge Storage Principles of Different Capacitor Types and Their Inherent Voltage Progression

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    The document discusses different types of dielectrics used in capacitors and their key parameters. It describes common dielectrics like ceramics, plastic films, and oxide layers on metals. Supercapacitors store charge differently using double-layer capacitance or pseudocapacitance. The document provides a table comparing different capacitor styles, their dielectrics, relative permittivity, dielectric strength, and minimum thickness.

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    Dielectrics: Charge Storage Principles of Different Capacitor Types and Their Inherent Voltage Progression

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    ravi
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    The document discusses different types of dielectrics used in capacitors and their key parameters. It describes common dielectrics like ceramics, plastic films, and oxide layers on metals. Supercapacitors store charge differently using double-layer capacitance or pseudocapacitance. The document provides a table comparing different capacitor styles, their dielectrics, relative permittivity, dielectric strength, and minimum thickness.

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    The document discusses different types of dielectrics used in capacitors and their key parameters. It describes common dielectrics like ceramics, plastic films, and oxide layers on metals. Supercapacitors store charge differently using double-layer capacitance or pseudocapacitance. The document provides a table comparing different capacitor styles, their dielectrics, relative permittivity, dielectric strength, and minimum thickness.

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    18 views3 pages

    Dielectrics: Charge Storage Principles of Different Capacitor Types and Their Inherent Voltage Progression

    Uploaded by

    ravi
    The document discusses different types of dielectrics used in capacitors and their key parameters. It describes common dielectrics like ceramics, plastic films, and oxide layers on metals. Supercapacitors store charge differently using double-layer capacitance or pseudocapacitance. The document provides a table comparing different capacitor styles, their dielectrics, relative permittivity, dielectric strength, and minimum thickness.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    Dielectrics[edit]

    Charge storage principles of different capacitor types and their inherent voltage progression

    The most common dielectrics are:

    Ceramics

    Plastic films

    Oxide layer on metal (Aluminum, Tantalum, Niobium)

    Natural materials like mica, glass, paper, air, vacuum

    All of them store their electrical charge statically within an electric field between two (parallel)
    electrodes.
    Beneath this conventional capacitors a family of electrochemical capacitors
    called Supercapacitors was developed. Supercapacitors don't have a conventional dielectric.
    They store their electrical charge statically in Helmholtz double-layers and faradaically at the
    surface of electrodes

    with static Double-layer capacitance in a double-layer capacitor and

    with pseudocapacitance (faradaic charge transfer) in a Pseudocapacitor

    or with both storage principles together in hybrid capacitors.

    The most important material parameters of the different dielectrics used and the appr. Helmholtzlayer thickness are given in the table below.

    Key parameters[4][5][6][7][8]

    Capacitor
    style

    Dielectric

    Relative
    Permitti
    vity
    at 1 kHz

    Maximum/real
    ized.
    dielectric
    strength
    V/m

    Minimu
    m
    thicknes
    s
    of the
    dielectri
    c
    m

    Ceramic
    capacitors,
    Class 1

    paraelectric

    1240

    < 100(?)

    Ceramic
    capacitors,
    Class 2

    ferroelectric

    200
    14,000

    < 35

    0.5

    Film capacitors

    Polypropylene ( PP)

    2.2

    650/450

    1.9 3.0

    Film capacitors

    Polyethylene
    terephthalate,
    Polyester (PET)

    3.3

    580/280

    0.70.9

    Film capacitors

    Polyphenylene
    sulfide (PPS)

    3.0

    470/220

    1.2

    Film capacitors

    Polyethylene
    naphthalate (PEN)

    3.0

    500/300

    0.91.4

    Film capacitors

    Polytetrafluoroethylene (
    PTFE)

    2.0

    450(?)/250

    5.5

    Paper
    capacitors

    Paper

    3.55.5

    60

    510

    Aluminum
    electrolytic

    Aluminium oxide
    Al2O3

    9,6[9]

    710

    < 0.01
    (6.3 V)

    capacitors

    < 0.8
    (450 V)

    Tantalum
    electrolytic
    capacitors

    Tantalum pentoxide
    Ta2O5

    625

    < 0.01
    (6.3 V)
    < 0.08
    (40 V)

    Niobium
    electrolytic
    capacitors

    Niobium pentoxide,
    Nb2O5

    42

    455

    < 0.01
    (6.3 V)
    < 0.10
    (40 V)

    Supercapacitor
    s
    Double-layer
    capacitors

    Helmholtz double-layer

    5000

    < 0.001
    (2.7 V)

    Vacuum
    capacitors

    Vacuum

    40

    Air gap
    capacitors

    Air

    3.3

    Glass
    capacitors

    Glass

    510

    450

    58

    118

    450

    Mica capacitors Mica

    26[9]

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