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    BGP Flap Dampening

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    Anonymous cRxoHJ32Qv
    BGP FLAP DAMPENING

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    BGP Flap Dampening

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous cRxoHJ32Qv
    65 views8 pages
    BGP FLAP DAMPENING

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    BGP FLAP DAMPENING

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    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

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    BGP FLAP DAMPENING

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    65 views8 pages

    BGP Flap Dampening

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous cRxoHJ32Qv
    BGP FLAP DAMPENING

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    BGP Flap Dampening

    ISP/IXP Workshops

    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    Route Flap Dampening


    Route flap
    Going up and down of path or change in attribute
    BGP UPDATE followed by WITHDRAW = 1 flap eBGP neighbour going down/up is NOT a flap

    Ripples through the entire Internet Wastes CPU

    Dampening aims to reduce scope of route flap propagation


    ISP/IXP Workshops
    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    www.cisco.com

    Route Flap Dampening (Continued)


    Requirements
    Fast convergence for normal route changes History predicts future behaviour Suppress oscillating routes Advertise stable routes

    Described in RFC2439
    ISP/IXP Workshops
    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    www.cisco.com

    Route Flap Dampening Operation


    Add penalty for each flap Exponentially decay penalty
    half life determines decay rate

    Penalty above suppress-limit


    do not advertise route to BGP peers

    Penalty decayed below reuse-limit


    re-advertise route to BGP peers
    ISP/IXP Workshops
    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    www.cisco.com

    Route Flap Dampening


    4000 Suppress limit 3000

    Penalty
    2000 Reuse limit 1000

    0
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

    Time

    Network Announced
    ISP/IXP Workshops
    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    Network Not Announced


    www.cisco.com

    Network Re-announced
    5

    Route Flap Dampening Operation


    Only applied to inbound announcements from eBGP peers Alternate paths still usable Controlled by:
    Penalty of 1000 per flap Half-life (default 15 minutes) reuse-limit (default 750) suppress-limit (default 2000)
    ISP/IXP Workshops

    maximum suppress time (default 60 minutes) www.cisco.com


    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    Configuring Route Flap Dampening


    Fixed dampening
    router bgp 100 bgp dampening [<half-life> <reuse-value> <suppresspenalty> <maximum suppress time>]

    Selective and variable dampening


    bgp dampening [route-map <name>] route-map <name> permit 10 match ip address prefix-list FLAP-LIST set dampening [<half-life> <reuse-value> <suppress-penalty> <maximum suppress time>] ip prefix-list FLAP-LIST permit 192.0.2.0/24 le 32
    ISP/IXP Workshops
    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    www.cisco.com

    Route Flap Dampening Operation


    BGP WITHDRAW message received
    penalty on prefix increased by 1000 prefix is marked as having flap history

    BGP UPDATE message received


    if penalty > suppress-limit, prefix is not announced to any BGP peers and is marked as suppressed

    ISP/IXP Workshops

    If prefix carries on flapping after being suppressed, penalty is incremented and decayed as normal www.cisco.com
    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    Route Flap Dampening Operation


    Once prefix is stable, it will be suppressed according to the decay rate given by the half life time Penalty value is decayed every 5 seconds
    Decay rate is same whether prefix is or is not in the BGP table

    Once penalty reaches reuse-limit, prefix is reannounced Once penalty is less than half reuse-limit, penalty is reset to zero www.cisco.com
    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    ISP/IXP Workshops

    Route Flap Dampening Operation


    Example - IOS defaults
    bgp dampening 15 750 2000 60 half-life of 15 minutes reuse-limit of 750 and suppress time of 60 minutes means maximum possible penalty of 12000 once prefix stops flapping, penalty is decayed from a maximum possible value of 12000 to 750 - this will take 60 minutes once penalty reaches 375, it is reset to zero
    ISP/IXP Workshops
    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    www.cisco.com

    10

    Route Flap Dampening Operation


    Care required when setting parameters Penalty must be less than reuse-limit at the maximum suppress time Maximum suppress time and half life must allow penalty to be larger than suppress limit Decay rate pre-calculated when flap dampening configured
    numbers must be feasible, IOS does not check
    ISP/IXP Workshops
    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    www.cisco.com

    11

    Route Flap Dampening Maths!


    Maximum value of penalty is

    Always make sure that suppresslimit is LESS than max-penalty otherwise there will be no route dampening
    ISP/IXP Workshops
    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    www.cisco.com

    12

    Route Flap Dampening Setting Parameters


    Maximum penalty

    Suppress limit

    Reuse limit

    Maximum suppress time


    ISP/IXP Workshops
    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    www.cisco.com

    13

    Route Flap Dampening Configuration


    Examples - 8
    bgp dampening 30 750 3000 60
    reuse-limit of 750 means maximum possible penalty is 3000 - no prefixes suppressed as penalty cannot exceed suppress-limit

    Examples - 4
    bgp dampening 30 2000 3000 60
    reuse-limit of 2000 means maximum possible penalty is 8000 - suppress limit is easily reached
    ISP/IXP Workshops
    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    www.cisco.com

    14

    Route Flap Dampening Configuration


    Examples - 8
    bgp dampening 15 500 2500 30
    reuse-limit of 500 means maximum possible penalty is 2000 - no prefixes suppressed as penalty cannot exceed suppress-limit

    Examples - 4
    bgp dampening 15 750 3000 45
    reuse-limit of 750 means maximum possible penalty is 6000 - suppress limit is easily reached
    ISP/IXP Workshops
    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    www.cisco.com

    15

    Route Flap Dampening Enhancements


    Selective dampening based on
    AS-path, Community, Prefix

    Variable dampening
    recommendations for ISPs http://www.ripe.net/docs/ripe-210.html

    Flap statistics
    show ip bgp neighbor <x.x.x.x> [dampened-routes | flap-statistics]
    ISP/IXP Workshops
    2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

    www.cisco.com

    16

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