Travel Decision Making

Research regarding the use of social media among travelers has mainly focused on its impact on travelers' travel planning process and there is consensus that travel decisions are highly influenced by social media. Yet, little attention has been paid to the differences among travelers regarding their use of social media for travel purposes. Based on the use of travel social media, cluster analysis was employed to identify different segments among travelers. Furthermore, the study profiles the clusters based on demographic and other travel related characteristics. The findings of this study are important to online marketers to better understand traveler's use of social media and their characteristics, in order to adapt online marketing strategies according to the profile of each segment.

This study builds on previous research examining the concept of travel decision flexibility based on theories related to adaptive decision making, which argue that travelers perceive different levels of flexibility depending on the trip-related decision. The results of this study indicate that there are two distinctive types of decision flexibility, which are related to the timing and components of the trip: pretrip and en route flexibility. The constructs are examined for their external validity using several travel situational factors, including number of alternatives, prior knowledge, length of stay, planning horizon, and types of travel groups. These findings are important in that they help us to understand better the underlying structure and characteristics of travel decisions and, in turn, help us identify potential ways to design more effective information delivery systems using information technology.

While the word fashion is often associated with clothing and accessories, the objective of this paper is to argue that as a broader concept, fashion has relevance to tourism. It is argued that fashion can influence behaviour and both the decision to travel, and the destination selected may in some cases be a fashion statement by the traveller. Following discussion as to the meanings and explanations of fashion, a conceptual model is presented having the purpose of demonstrating how fashion can be a moderating variable in the travel decision and destination selection process. The model proposes the influence of fashion on leisure tourism, and is a foundation for future studies to further investigate fashion and tourism.

While the word fashion is often associated with clothing and accessories, the objective of this paper is to argue that as a broader concept, fashion has relevance to tourism. It is argued that fashion can influence behaviour and both the decision to travel, and the destination selected may in some cases be a fashion statement by the traveller. Following discussion as to the meanings and explanations of fashion, a conceptual model is presented having the purpose of demonstrating how fashion can be a moderating variable in the travel decision and destination selection process. The model proposes the influence of fashion on leisure tourism, and is a foundation for future studies to further investigate fashion and tourism.

Terrorism is unfortunately part of our lives and will not simply disappear. Accepting its presence, the management and prevention of its negative consequences is a key issue. This is imperative not only for countries where terrorist attacks occur, but also for countries that may be affected indirectly. It is necessary to further consider this issue and create more effective instruments for crisis management, ideally based on cooperative solutions among industry, government agencies and tourism-related academic institutions. Although research on terrorism has been undertaken in the tourism domain, the specific concept of tourists' contact with terrorism has never been operationalized. In this paper we develop a scale that measures the contact of tourists with terrorism. Insights from an empirical study of 600 international tourists indicate that this multi-dimensional scale incorporates three types of contact: 1) Direct, 2) Indirect and 3) Attention to/ Interest in Terrorism on the Media. Discussion centers on implications of this scale for theory development and in the context of strategic destination crisis management decisions. Directions for future research are also presented.

The snowballing use of web-mediated communications has amplified the influence that the electronic word of mouth has on information adoption and purchase decisions. In view of this, the primary objective of this research has been directed towards the investigation of the effect of electronic word of mouth (E-Wom) on the intention to visit the Algerian Sahara. For that,a sample of foreigners and local Algerians was targeted through an online questionnaire. As to the findings, there was a significant correlation between the E-Wom credibility and valence and the intention to visit the Algerian Sahara.Likewise, there was no significant correlation between E-Wom quantity and visit intention. We also found that bothE-Wom credibility and valence influence the intention to visit, meanwhile, the E-Wom quantity was found to have no significant impact. Résumé: l'utilisation massive des communications médiées par le Web a amplifié l'influence du bouche à oreille électronique sur l'adoption des informations et la décision d'achat. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif principal de cette recherche est d'étudier l'effet du bouche à oreille électronique (E-Wom) sur l'intention de visiter le Sahara algérien. Pour cela, un échantillon d'étrangers et des Algériens locaux a été ciblé via un questionnaire en ligne. Les résultats indiquent qu'il existe une corrélation significative entre la crédibilité et la valence du bouche à oreille électronique et l'intention de visiter le Sahara algérien. Alors qu'il n'y a pas de corrélation significative entre la quantité et l'intention de visite. Nous avons également constaté que la crédibilité et la valence du bouche à oreille électronique influent sur l'intention de visiter, tandis que la quantité n'a pas eu d'impact significatif. Mots clés: bouche à oreille électronique, crédibilité, quantité, la valence, l'intention de visiter le Sahara algérien ‫ملخص‬ : ‫للمىصاث‬ ‫اًد‬ ‫املتز‬ ‫الاسخخدام‬ ‫أن‬ ً ‫وجطبيقيا‬ ً ‫هظسيا‬ ‫به‬ ‫املسلم‬ ‫من‬ ‫أصبح‬ ‫لقد‬ ‫واملحادثا‬ ‫اجعاث‬ ‫باملس‬ ‫الخاصت‬ ‫اضيت‬ ‫الافتر‬ ‫ساهم‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ائي‬ ‫الشس‬ ‫از‬ ‫والقس‬ ‫املعلىماث‬ ‫جبني‬ ‫على‬ ‫إلالكتروهيت‬ ‫املىطىقت‬ ‫الكلمت‬ ‫جفسضه‬ ‫الري‬ ‫الخأثير‬ ‫في‬. ‫الحاليت‬ ‫است‬ ‫الدز‬ ‫حسلط‬ ‫الاطاز،‬ ‫هرا‬ ‫فضمن‬ ‫سياحيت‬ ‫كىجهت‬ ‫ائسيت‬ ‫الجص‬ ‫اء‬ ‫الصحس‬ ‫شيازة‬ ‫از‬ ‫قس‬ ‫على‬ ‫الالكتروهيت‬ ‫املىطىقت‬ ‫الكلمت‬ ‫أثس‬ ‫على‬ ‫الضىء‬. ‫ججميع‬ ‫ولغسض‬ ‫ذلك‬ ‫ألجل‬ ‫الاجخماعي‬ ‫الخىاصل‬ ‫مىاقع‬ ‫عبر‬ ‫وألاجاهب‬ ‫ائسيين‬ ‫الجص‬ ‫من‬ ‫عيىت‬ ‫على‬ ‫جىشيعه‬ ‫جم‬ ‫إلكترووي‬ ‫اسخبيان‬ ‫على‬ ‫الباحث‬ ‫اعخمد‬ ‫املعلىماث،‬. ‫وقد‬ ‫معىىي‬ ‫الزجباط‬ ‫وجىد‬ ‫ال‬ ‫حين‬ ‫في‬ ‫الصيازة،‬ ‫هيت‬ ‫مع‬ ‫الالكتروهيت‬ ‫املىطىقت‬ ‫الكلمت‬ ‫واججاه‬ ‫ملىثىقيت‬ ‫معىىي‬ ‫ازجباط‬ ‫وجىد‬ ‫على‬ ‫الىخائج‬ ‫أسفسث‬ ‫ائسيت‬ ‫الجص‬ ‫اء‬ ‫الصحس‬ ‫شيازة‬ ‫هيت‬ ‫و‬ ‫الالكتروهيت‬ ‫اجعاث‬ ‫املس‬ ‫لكميت‬. ‫الىخائج‬ ‫دلت‬ ‫السياق،‬ ‫هفس‬ ‫ضمن‬ 176 ‫اث‬ ‫از‬ ‫لخكس‬ ‫معىىي‬ ‫أثس‬ ‫ًىجد‬ ‫ال‬ ‫بيىما‬ ‫ائسيت،‬ ‫الجص‬ ‫اء‬ ‫الصحس‬ ‫شيازة‬ ‫از‬ ‫قس‬ ‫على‬ ‫الالكتروهيت‬ ‫املىطىقت‬ ‫الكلمت‬ ‫واججاه‬ ‫ملىثىقيت‬ ‫أثس‬ ‫وجىد‬ ‫على‬ ‫السياحيت‬ ‫الىجهت‬ ‫از‬ ‫قس‬ ‫على‬ ‫الالكتروهيت‬ ‫املىطىقت‬ ‫الكلمت‬. ‫املفتاحية‬ ‫الكلمات‬ : ‫ائسيت‬ ‫الجص‬ ‫اء‬ ‫الصحس‬ ‫شيازة‬ ‫هيت‬ ‫اث،‬ ‫از‬ ‫الخكس‬ ‫الاججاه،‬ ‫املىثىقيت،‬ ‫الالكتروهيت،‬ ‫املىطىقت‬ ‫الكلمت‬ .