Sociological Macrotheory

Our empirical tests generally support the hypothesis that up to
certain values of the average per capita income its growth tends to
lead to increased risks of sociopolitical destabilization, and only in
the upper range of this indicator its growth tends to be associated
with the decrease of sociopolitical destabilization risks. However,
our analysis has shown that for various indices of sociopolitical
destabilization this curvilinear relationship can be quite different in
some important details. On the other hand, we detect the presence
of a very important exception. We show that the relationship
between per capita GDP and the intensity of coups and coup
attempts is not curvilinear; in this case we are rather dealing with a
pronounced negative correlation; a particularly strong negative
correlation is observed between this index and the logarithm of GDP
per capita. We demonstrate that this fact makes the
abovementioned bell-shaped relationship with respect to the
integral index of sociopolitical destabilization considerably less
distinct and makes a very significant contribution to the formation
of its asymmetry (when the negative correlation between per capita
GDP and sociopolitical destabilization among the richer countries
looks much stronger than the positive correlation among poorer
countries). However, our analysis shows that for all the other
indices of sociopolitical destabilization we do witness the bellshaped
relationship. On the other hand, for example, in relation to
such indices, as political strikes, riots and anti-government
demonstrations we deal with such an asymmetry that is directly
opposite to that mentioned above - with such an asymmetry, when a
positive correlation between GDP and instability for poorer
countries is much stronger than the negative correlation for richer
countries.

»Ökonomisierung« ist in aller Munde. Die systemtheoretische Perspektive auf das vermeintlich vertraute Phänomen stellt eine doppelte Herausforderung dar. Um Ökonomisierungsprozesse rekonstruieren zu können, muss die Systemtheorie ihre Möglichkeiten der Darstellung von System-System-Beziehungen erweitern und Ökonomisierung zu einem Paradoxieproblem werden lassen.
Diese Studie liefert Impulse zur Theorieerweiterung im Bereich der Nebencodierung und zeigt an verschiedenen Beispielen, dass Ökonomisierung nicht wirtschaftlich instruiert, sondern funktionssystem-intern selbst ausgebildet wird.

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