Oral Epidemiology

Epidemiology is experiencing a significant shift toward the utilization of big data for health monitoring and decision-making. This article discusses the recent example of the World Health Organization (WHO) global oral health status report and regional summaries, which faced criticisms due to its reliance on big data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. We address the arguments for and against the use of big data in epidemiology and provide an assessment of the value and limitations of big data epidemiology. Moreover, we provide recommendations as to how the oral health community should reconcile traditional epidemiologic approaches with big data and advanced data analytics. This Perspective article highlights the challenges of the current epidemiologic landscape, the potential of big data, and the need for a balanced approach to data utilization in epidemiology.

SummaryApical periodontitis (AP) is an inflammatory lesion around the apex of a tooth caused by bacterial infection of the pulp canal system. AP appears radiographically as a radiolucent periapical lesion (RPL). The elective treatment for teeth with AP is root canal treatment (RCT). No study is available about the frequency of RPL and RCT in patients with inherited coagulation disorders (ICD). The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of RPL and RCT in patients with ICD and control subjects. In a cross‐sectional study, the radiographic records of 58 patients with haemophilia A, haemophilia B or von Willebrand's disease (study group) and 58 control subjects were examined. The frequency of RPL and RCT was assessed using digital panoramic radiographs and the Periapical Index. RPL in one or more teeth was found in 67.2% of patients with ICD and in 48.3% of control subjects (odds ratio = 2.20; P = 0.038). At least one RCT was found in 34.5% and 65.5% of subjects in the ...

Objective: This study aimed to describe the results of a retrospective analysis of a specific cohort of patients with benign lip lesions encountered in the last 15 years in the School of Medicine at Karadeniz Technical University. Method: A total of 312 patients were managed for lip lesions during the period 2000-2014. Data from 160 samples of benign lip biopsies were retrieved from the pathology laboratory records. Results: The study group included 20 different histopathological types of lesions, with mucocele being the most frequent lesion (43.13 per cent). The other frequent lesions were chronic inflammatory infiltrate (11.25 per cent), intradermal naevus (5.63 per cent), pyogenic granuloma (5.63 per cent), fibroma (5 per cent) and papilloma (5 per cent). Mucocele was significantly more common in younger patients (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Knowledge of the epidemiology and distribution of oral mucosal lesions is essential to promote early diagnosis and treatment. Further epidemiological studies exploring the causal relationships and risk factors for lip lesions are necessary for a better understanding of lip diseases.

Introduction: although histopathological diagnosis remains the gold standard; good clinical impression is potentially a key diagnostic tool in rural resource-limited settings. Thus, good concordance between clinical impression and histopathological diagnosis is thus a very crucial diagnostic oral pathology tool in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: this retrospective study was performed at the Oral pathology and Oral diagnoses units of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), Osun state. Clinicopathological reports of all biopsies between the period of 2008-2017 were retrieved and analyzed. Descriptive analysis of data was done using Stata 14. Frequency of oral lesions and rates of accurate clinical diagnoses were evaluated for lesional sites and clinician's qualification/specialization. Results: in 592 biopsied cases, the mean age was 36.1years with higher female predilection (54.4%). Odontogenic tumors (OTs) were the most prevalent category of lesions (25.3%, n=149), followed by reactive lesions (12%, n=71). Absolute concordance was recorded for 54.6% (k=0.5) of the cases; with highest concordance observed in fibro-osseous lesions (65.6%, k=0.43), and least in pulp/periapical lesions (3.5%). Concordance was higher in females (59.5%, k=0.53) than males (48.3%, k=0.44). Oral medicine specialists had the highest concordance index (62.5%, k=0.59). Conclusion: the findings in this research indicate that, on a general note, the degree of concordance between clinical and histopathological diagnosis is poor. Hence, improvement in diagnostic skills (irrespective of clinical specialty) is important to improve treatment outcomes, particularly in LMICs. Continuous personnel training and utilization of advanced diagnostic techniques can potentially help bridge the diagnostic gaps.

BIOSKETCH FOR DR. BOUQUOT (BOKO); email: [email protected]

Jerry E. Bouquot, BA, DDS, MSD, FAAOMP, DABOMP, DABOM (Honorary),
FICD, FACD, FADI, FDSD, FRSM (UK), FPFA, OKU, DDSD, TDD
Director of Research, The Maxillofacial Center for Education & Research
Emeritus Professor & Past Chair, University of Texas School of Dentistry, Houston
Clinical Professor & Past Chair, West Virginia University School of Dentistry

Dr. Bouquot received his D.D.S. and M.S.D. degrees from the University of Minnesota, with postdoctoral fellowships to the Mayo Clinic and the Royal Dental College in Copenhagen, Denmark, as the recipient of a Career Development Award from the American Cancer Society. He holds the record as the youngest oral pathology chair in U.S. history and has chaired 2 Diagnostic Sciences departments (WVU & the University of Texas at Houston). He has received more than 60 honors and awards, including WVU’s highest awards for teaching and service to humanity, and its alumni association’s Lifetime Achievement Award. He has received the St. George National Award, the highest award given by the American Cancer Society for lifetime efforts in cancer control, and was awarded the Bridgeman Distinguished Dentist Award from the West Virginia Dental Association, the Distinguished Leadership Award from the West Virginia Public Health Association, honorary Diplomate status from the American Board of Oral Medicine, the Distinguished Alumnus Award and Gorlin Professorship from the University of Minnesota, and the Fleming-Davenport Award for Original Research from the University of Texas, as well as its Award for Pioneer Work in Teaching & Research. He is one of the first 3 Americans to receive the International Association of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathologists highest honor, and he is the first US-born person to be awarded Honorary Membership in the Mexican Association of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine.

He is now ‘retired” as an Emeritus Chair of the University of Texas and is a Clinical Professor of West Virginia University; but he remains the Director of Research for his 30-year-old private research center, the Maxillofacial Center for Education and Research. He has been Director of two of the largest US oral pathology biopsy services, one of which routinely received tissue from 45 states and five foreign countries. He has been the Dental Director of the West Virginia Bureau for Public Health, a Senior Visiting Scientist of the Mayo Clinic, a Special Advisor to the National Institutes of Health, an Honorary Member of Dental Informatics of the University of Göteborg, Sweden, Visiting Lecturer for M. D. Anderson Cancer Center (Houston), and the Oral Cancer Control Coordinator for the state of West Virginia. He has been a Consultant to Pittsburgh Children's Hospital and the New York Eye & Ear Infirmary. He has been awarded Fellowship in the International College of Dentists, the American College of Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry International, the American Academy of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, the Royal Society of Medicine (UK) and the Pierre Fauchard Academy; he has been on the Scientific Advisory Boards of five U.S. and European organizations.

Dr. Bouquot has more than 465 published papers, abstracts, books and book chapters. His work has been translated into numerous languages and has been cited more than 10,800 times, placing him in the top 1.2% most cited scientists worldwide (top 0.6% of dentists); his papers have been viewed more than 180,000 times in Research Gate. He has co-authored the most popular textbook of oral pathology, has named 4 dozen new oral diseases, has been a reviewer for more than 40 medical and dental journals, and has been on the editorial boards of four international dental journals. He has presented more than 2,800 research and continuing education seminars in 32 countries and all 50 U.S. states, and has taught the longest-running (28 years) community-based CE course in U.S. dentistry. His informational websites were once the 2 most popular oral pathology sites on the internet, getting almost 6,500,000 hits in 2008.   

Dr. Bouquot has been President of the American Board of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, the Eastern Society of Teachers of Oral Pathology, the Western Society of Teachers of Oral Pathology, the Organization of Teachers of Oral Diagnosis, 6 regional dental societies, and the West Virginia Division of the American Cancer Society. He has been a member of the Executive Council of the American Academy of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, the national Board of Directors of the ACS and the Board of Trustees for the 8-state South Atlantic Division of the ACS. As a member of the ACS national Research Committee, he was among those responsible for reviewing and approving more than $90,000,000 in cancer research grants annually.

Cherubism is a skeletal dysplasia characterized by progressive, painless, bilateral and symmetric lesions limited to the jaws. The lesions subsequently begin to regress, fill with bone and remodel until age 30. Because cherubism is usually self-limiting, operative treatment may not be necessary. However, surgical intervention with curettage, contouring or resection may be indicated for functional or aesthetic reasons. Surgical procedures are usually performed when the disease not activated. Tissue engineering uses scaffolds as delivery vehicles for transplanted cells to restore function and replace damaged tissue. Tissue engineering using fibrin scaffolds as delievery vehicles can be restore function and replace damaged tissue on oral maxillofacial area. This is the first report of a successful esthetic restoration using autologous human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell for cherubism patient after corticotomy and curretage on both mandibular lesions.

The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between the DMFT index of 12-year-old children and the concentration of fluorine in drinking water from the populated areas where children live. Material and method: In the examination, 85children were enrolled, out of 2 central and 2regional primary schools, at which the DMFT index was determined. The children live in 2 different cities and 2 different villages. Four water samples were taken from the examined area to determine the fluorine concentration by using the electrochemical method using the pH/ISE Meter-Thermo-Orion with a special F-electrode (Thermo Orion Ion Plus Fluoride Electrode) at the Institute for public health. Spearmans method was used to determine the correlation between the specified variables. Results: The total number of children in the examined sample was 85, out of which45 were male and 40 were female. The average DMFT index in this group of children was 2.75 with a standard deviation of ±2.56. Maximum co...

A radiographic examination showed an extensive radiolucent lesion at the apex of tooth 22. An incisional biopsy was performed along with surgical decompression that allowed for lesion reduction and bone neoformation. The final diagnosis based on the histopathological examination was a periapical cyst. Subsequently, the reduced lesion was completely removed.

Tooth decay is one of the most common diseases of hard tissues of the mouth. It is an infectious bacterial disease, and mainly involves the tooth enamel. The disease begins with dissolution of minerals, resulting in the dissolution of the enamel (1). Tooth decay is also the most common chronic disease of childhood that is a multifactorial infectious disease (2). In addition, it can cause side effects such as pain, discomfort, absenteeism from school, and cosmetic defects for individuals, and imposes huge costs to families and society, while its identification and treatment, if diagnosed early, are very easy (3). In a study that was conducted by Tellez et al. in the United State on 110 students aged 12 was 54 percent (4). In another study that

A b s t r a c t: The paper deals with short review and determination of macro-, micro-, trace and ultratrace elements in some natural waters from еastern and сouth-eastern Macedonia. In our study were investigated 16 samples of natural waters from the villages Trabotiviste near the city of Delcevo, Istibanja near Kocani, Neokazi near Probistip, Plackovica, Karaorman, Gorni Balvan and Lakavica near Stip, Jargulica near Radovis, Murtino, Robovo, Gabrovo and Smolare near Strumica. Obtained results showed that most of the analyzed elements in all selected water samples were below the Macedonian maximum allowable levels and WHO water standards. Increased concentrations of some elements indicate anthropogenic pollution of the water from the fertilization of arable land, livestock farms. There is a strong positive correlation between Ca → SO4, Na, Mg; Ti → Ca, Mg, Na, K, B; U → Mo, Rb, Cs, As; B → Ca, Ti, Ge, Cl, HCO3; Li → Mg, Na, K, B, Sr, Rb; Ge → Ca, Mg, Na, B, Ti, Li, Cl, Pb; Cl → Mg,...

This paper presents the results obtained from the latest research of the physical-chemical parameters of ground water made in the area between the villages Injevo and Kalugerica. Investigation shows that the temperature of the tested waters is in the range of 8–1400C, the measured pH values for analyzed waters are in the range of 6.2–8.0. TDS values measured in the tested waters range from a minimum value of 326 mg/l to a maximum value of 2252 mg/l. Their specified hardness is in the range from 18 to 1380dH. The scope of certain ...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the dental caries among primary school children (first grades) in Eastern, Southeast and Vardar Region of the Republic of Macedonia and evaluate if the disease pattern is different between the regions. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 2013 involving 301 six year old primary school children (born in 2007), who were randomly selected from seven central and 13 regional primary schools. The ethical clearance was taken from institutional ethical committee of the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of St Cyril and St Meth and parental consent was obtained for each child. Participants' dental status was evaluated using the 1997 World Health Organization caries diagnostic criteria for decayed, missing and filled primary teeth (DMFT) and Decayed, Missing or Filled permanent Teeth (DMFT) by two calibrated examiners. Data obtained during the survey were stored in a database (SPSS 13.00 and tested for possible statistically significant differences using the Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The total number of children in the sample was 301, comprising 152 (50.50%) females and 149 (49.50%) males. The results of this survey showed that the DMFT score of the six year-old children from all three regions was 5.59 ± 3.82, while in the Eastern region was 5.65 ± 3.68 for the primary dentition and 0.04 ± 0.28 for the permanent dentition. Average DMFT score of the six year-old children from the southeast region was 5,29 ± 4.30 for the primary dentition and 0.07 ± 0.3 for the permanent dentition, while for six year-old children group from the Vardar region it was 5.81 ± 3.5 for primary dentition and 0.17 ± 0.5 for the permanent dentition. Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test by ranks gave a p-value of 0.4 > 0.05, indicating that there was no statistically significant difference between DMFT scores of six year-old children from different regions for primary teeth. Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test by ranks gave a p-value of 0.03 < 0.05, indicating that there were statistically significant differences between DMFT scores of six year-old children from different regions for permanent teeth. Significant caries (SiC) index was 9.93 ± 2.0. The prevalence of caries-free children was 15.82%. The percentage of untreated caries or the ratio of DMFT/DMFT was 0.8581 (85.81%). Conclusions: Dental caries experience was seen to be high among six year old school children (first grades) in Eastern, Southeast and Vardar Region of the Republic of Macedonia.

The quality of groundwater was investigated for possible agriculture pollution in the traditional agriculture region of Strumica, situated in the southeast part of the Republic of Macedonia. Almost 200 samples of water from boreholes in 14 different points were collected and analyzed by relevant standard methods for a total content of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NH +, Cl-, HCO -, SO 2-, NO -, NO -, and PO 3-. The results showed that groundwater in the studied area 4 3 4 3 2 4 is generally neutral to slightly alkaline. The abundance of the major ions is Mg2+&gt;Ca2+&gt;K+&gt;Na+ and HCO -&gt;Cl-&gt;PO 3-&gt;SO 2-. Concentration range of the main 3 4 4 cations Na+, K+, Ca2+ Mg2+ and NH + is 1.40 – 36.71mg/L, 0.68 – 354.44 mg/L, 7.43 – 411.18 mg/L, 1.07 – 96.14 mg/L and &lt; LOQ (limit of quantification) – 55.89 4 mg/L, respectively. Regarding anions Cl-, HCO -, SO 2-, NO -, NO -, and PO 3- concentration range is 4.19 – 614.31mg/L, 0.04 – 750.97 mg/L, &lt; LOQ – 300.45 3 4 3 2 4 mg/L 0.14 – 2...

Introduction: Universities should generate actions related to health promotion and health education. Caries is a disease where diverse factors and their interactions must be consideredObjective: To assess the epidemiological profile of oral health-disease in relation to caries in a community of university students in the city of Córdoba, Argentina.Material and Methods: Exploratory and retrospective study. It was carried out on the medical records of university students registered at the Health Department (Pro-Secretaria de Asistencia) of the Faculty of Dentistry, during the years 2017 and 2018 (n=397 records). An analysis of classic epidemiological measures of caries indices was carried out. For data analysis, generalized linear regression models were used to determine the magnitude of the effects of the factors considered (sex; age; health insurance coverage and origin) in relation to the DMFT and its components. The analysis was deepened for the factors whose effects were signific...

To determine the treatment needs and the care index for dental caries in the primary dentition and permanent dentition of schoolchildren and to quantify the cost of care that would represent the treatment of dental caries in Mexico. A secondary analysis of data from the First National Caries Survey was conducted, which was a cross-sectional study conducted in the 32 states of Mexico. Based on dmft (average number of decayed, extracted, and filled teeth in the primary dentition) and DMFT (average number of decayed, extracted, and filled teeth in permanent dentition) information, a treatment needs index (TNI) and a caries care index (CI) were calculated. At age 6, the TNI for the primary dentition ranged from 81.7% to 99.5% and the CI ranged from 0.5% to 17.6%. In the permanent dentition, the TNI ranged from 58.8% to 100%, and the CI ranged from 0.0% to 41.2%. At age 12, the TNI ranged from 55.4% to 93.4%, and the CI ranged from 6.5% to 43.4%. At age 15, the TNI ranged from 50.4% to 98.4%, and the CI ranged from 1.4% to 48.3%.

Introduction and objective: The global goals of oral health propose to establish own oral indexes in each country and region according to their achievements. The aim of this study was to estimate the baseline indicators of natural teeth present in population aged 25, 35, 45, 55 and 65 years in Antioquia, Colombia.

Introduction: Dental caries is the most frequent oral disease worldwide and the main cause of tooth loss in children and young adults. One of the most frequently affected areas is the occlusal surfaces of the first permanent molars (FPM) due to their morphological complexity. At present, several preventive treatments can reduce the incidence of this disease in school populations. In Mexico, the most commonly used technologies are those derived from some presentation of fluoride; on the other hand, research on this topic has been limited. Objective: To determine the cost-effectiveness of two different methods for preventing the incidence of caries on the FPM of schoolchildren (6-8 years of age) from public primary schools. Material and methods: This is a randomized experimental design. Participants will be assigned to two treatment groups of 114 each. In the first group, pit and fissure sealants will be applied, whereas the second group will receive a fluoride varnish. The work will be carried out in schoolchildren that attend public elementary schools in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. The result variable will be the incidence of caries and the total cost of each of the interventions will be calculated in order to calculate the intervention's costeffectiveness. Conclusion: This work will allow us to compare the cost-effectiveness of the pit and fissure sealants and the fluoride varnish in order to determine which offers the best results.

To determine the experience, prevalence and severity of dental caries and its relationship with nutritional status in nursery infants 17 to 47 months of age. A cross-sectional study in 152 infants 17 to 47 months of age attending one of five day care centers of the city of Pachuca, Hidalgo was performed. Clinical examinations were performed using the methods recommended by the World Health Organization for epidemiologic studies on dental caries. We calculated the caries index (dmft), the significant caries index (SiC) as well as the treatment needs index (TNI) and the care index (CI). Nutritional status was determined using the weight and height for age, in Federico Gomez&#39;s scale. In the statistical analysis nonparametric tests were used. Mean age was 2.52 ± 0.76 years; 51.3% were boys. With regard to nutritional status, 19.1% were classified as malnourished and 19.1% were overweight/obese. The dmft index was 1.53 ± 2.52. The SiC index was 4.14, the TNI 86.3% and the CI 13.7%. C...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the dental caries among primary school children (first grades) in Eastern, Southeast and Vardar Region of the Republic of Macedonia and evaluate if the disease pattern is different between the regions. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 2013 involving 301 six year old primary school children (born in 2007), who were randomly selected from seven central and 13 regional primary schools. The ethical clearance was taken from institutional ethical committee of the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of St Cyril and St Meth and parental consent was obtained for each child. Participants' dental status was evaluated using the 1997 World Health Organization caries diagnostic criteria for decayed, missing and filled primary teeth (DMFT) and Decayed, Missing or Filled permanent Teeth (DMFT) by two calibrated examiners. Data obtained during the survey were stored in a database (SPSS 13.00 and tested for possible statistically significant differences using the Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The total number of children in the sample was 301, comprising 152 (50.50%) females and 149 (49.50%) males. The results of this survey showed that the DMFT score of the six year-old children from all three regions was 5.59 ± 3.82, while in the Eastern region was 5.65 ± 3.68 for the primary dentition and 0.04 ± 0.28 for the permanent dentition. Average DMFT score of the six year-old children from the southeast region was 5,29 ± 4.30 for the primary dentition and 0.07 ± 0.3 for the permanent dentition, while for six year-old children group from the Vardar region it was 5.81 ± 3.5 for primary dentition and 0.17 ± 0.5 for the permanent dentition. Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test by ranks gave a p-value of 0.4 > 0.05, indicating that there was no statistically significant difference between DMFT scores of six year-old children from different regions for primary teeth. Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test by ranks gave a p-value of 0.03 < 0.05, indicating that there were statistically significant differences between DMFT scores of six year-old children from different regions for permanent teeth. Significant caries (SiC) index was 9.93 ± 2.0. The prevalence of caries-free children was 15.82%. The percentage of untreated caries or the ratio of DMFT/DMFT was 0.8581 (85.81%). Conclusions: Dental caries experience was seen to be high among six year old school children (first grades) in Eastern, Southeast and Vardar Region of the Republic of Macedonia.

RESUMEN. Introducción: el análisis de la situación de caries dental en la población de 12 años permite comprobar el cumplimiento de las metas relacionadas con el componente bucal de la salud. El objetivo de este estudio es describir la experiencia y prevalencia de caries dental y las necesidades de tratamiento en una muestra de escolares de doce años del municipio de Rionegro. Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal en 808 escolares de 12 años de instituciones educativas públicas del municipio de Rionegro. Se aplicaron criterios del índice de dientes cariados, obturados y perdidos tradicionales y modificados (COPD T-COPD M), y el índice de caries significativo (SiC), y se describieron según sexo, escolaridad, zona de residencia y afiliación a la seguridad social. Resultados: el COPD T en la población fue de 1,70 (± 1,63) y el COPD M de 2,19 (± 1,92). La prevalencia de caries en lesiones cavitacionales fue del 59,9% y para todas las lesiones fue de 70,8%. La experiencia de caries para el COPD T fue del 69,9 y del 77,8% para el COPD M. El SiC tomado a partir del COPD T fue de 3,60 y de 4,42 a partir del COPD M. Se presentaron diferencias significativas en la experiencia, prevalencia y necesidades de tratamiento principalmente de acuerdo con el sexo y el grado de escolaridad. Conclusión: aunque los indicadores muestran el cumplimiento de las metas propuestas por la OMS y según estudios nacionales, se encuentran algunas situaciones de desigualdad que deben ser tenidas en cuenta para la planificación de estrategias de promoción, prevención y atención para esta población.

The present study aimed to assess the rate of agreement between clinical and histopathological diagnoses and to report the frequency of completed forms for specimens that were subjected to histopathological examination and retrospectively examined. Data from 8,168 specimens submitted to histopathological examination were retrieved from the records. A total of 5,368 cases were included. Agreement was defined based on the definition of lesion nature according to its diagnostic category. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated for each diagnostic category. The highest rate of agreement was observed for periapical lesions (92.6%), followed by potentially malignant disorders (90.1%) and non-neoplastic proliferative disorders (89.3%). Low rates of histopathological confirmation of the clinical impression were observed for mesenchymal tumors (25.0%) and cysts (44.2%). Sensitivity values were > 0.70 for all lesions, except for cysts (0.51). Specificity was relatively high, ranging from 0.97 to 1.00. The frequency of incomplete biopsy forms ranged from 16.8% (malignant tumors of oral mucosal epithelium) to 51.0% (nonspecific inflammatory reaction). The most frequently completed biopsy forms corresponded to epithelial malignant tumors (83.2%) and glandular inflammation (72.3%). In conclusion, there was an acceptable level of agreement. The low level of completeness of biopsy forms indicates little awareness about the relevance of gathering detailed information during clinical examination.

To explore the association between caries indices in primary and permanent dentition and socioeconomic indicators at the individual and ecologic levels in 6-12 year old children. A comparative analysis of two datasets depicting oral health status in Campeche, México, with 2,939 children distributed equally by age and sex, was carried out. Oral health indices were contrasted at different cut-off points in primary and permanent dentitions (dmft, DMFT, dmft+DMFT and SiC indices) with independent variables such as place of residence (urban, marginal-urban) and mother&#39;s highest level of schooling (years of formal education) as socioeconomic variables (SES), as well as other sociodemographic variables using models of binary logistic regression in STATA 8.2. The mean age was 8.85 +/- 1.83 years and 56.6% were girls. Nine models were generated in which changes in socioeconomic variables were linked to changes in oral health features in this community (both in terms of prevalence and sev...

The article contains the findings of the analytical research on the dentition anomalies in the patients of preschool and school age in Kizlyar, the revealing of the main factor affecting the development of abnormalities in a dentition. It also presents the statistical data on the periodontal disease affecting the prevalence rate and development of anomalies; the paper also describes the need of the city for the provision of dental care

El conocimiento de la salud bucal de la población constituye una tarea fundamental desde la perspectiva de la salud pública, pues la caries es el padecimiento con mayor incidencia y prevalencia alrededor del mundo a pesar de los métodos de prevención. La salud bucodental es importante para el desarrollo físico y mental de las personas, desempeña un papel fundamental en la calidad de vida. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el índice de dientes cariados, perdidos, obturados (CPOD) entre un grupo representativo de universitarios de ambos sexos de nuevo ingreso del área de la salud en las carreras de: nutrición, químico farmacobiólogo, medicina, odontología y cultura física, de una Universidad del estado de Nayarit. Dicho Sujetos se remitieron a la unidad académica de odontología para su atención, lo que permitió integrar resultados al macro-proyecto de investigación: Diagnóstico y seguimiento del estado integral de salud en estudiantes universitarios de nuevo ingreso. Es...

Introduction: Despite scientific advances and the fact that caries is preventable, dental caries are still the most prevalent dental affliction of childhood within developing countries. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess dental caries in 12-year-old children from Resen municipality suited at the Pelagonia region of the Republic of North Macedonia. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, primary school children from sixth grades (N=158 ) were selected from (5) primary schools from the Resen municipality. The Dental status of the children was evaluated during 2020 year, using the 2013 World Health Organization caries diagnostic criteria for Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) by 2 calibrated examiners. Data obtained during the survey was stored in a database and statistical analysis with SPSS v.21(IBM). Using the t-test, the data were tested for possible statistically significant differences. A p value&lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Parental consent was...

This study examined edentulism (total absence of natural dentition) trends among adults' users of public oral health care in Victoria, Australia and factors associated with these trends. The sample comprised 13,578 dental clients of public oral health care services, collected between July 2008 and June 2009, from which data were complete. The group of edentulous clients represented 6.8% of all clients. Older participants were more likely to be edentulous (OR = 3.95; 95% CI 3.53-4.43). By language spoken at home, those who spoke English were more likely to be edentulous than those who spoke other languages (OR = 1.29; 95% CI 1.02-1.63). Aboriginal clients were more likely to be edentulous than non-Aboriginal clients (OR = 2.21; 95% CI 1.15-4.27). By region of residence, clients living in rural locations were more likely to be edentulous than those living in urban regions (OR = 1.53; 95% CI 1.32-1.78). The full model explained 16.8% of the variance in being edentulous. Findings in edentulism were lower than what was reported by the National Survey of Adult Oral Health. However, despite this trend, significant variations existed across urban and rural locations. Innovative public health programs and services are essential to prevent inequalities in oral health diseases and conditions for rural populations.

Background/Aim. Oral health is an integral part of general health and an important factor in the overall quality of life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental caries among the children from the SOS Children?s Village in Croatia. Methods. The dental examinations based on the World Health Organization criteria were performed on 88 children from SOS Children?s Village in Croatia. The teeth were clinically examined with standard dental instruments using the visual-tactile method under standard light. The clinical indexes of decayed, missed, and filled (dmft and DMFT, for primary and permantnt teeth, respectively) and decayed, missed, and filled surfaces (DMFS), as well as the significant caries index (SiC) were recorded. Results. Among the children from the SOS Children?s Village caries incidence were 57.94%. The mean dmft, DMFT and DMFS of all children was 1.82, 1.90 and 2.82, respectively. The highest mean dmft and DMFT score of 4.24 and 2.56 was found...

Since the early 1990s, there has been heated debate critically reflecting on social epidemiology. Yet, very little of this debate has reached oral epidemiology. This is no more noticeable than in the field of oral health inequalities. One of the significant achievements of social oral epidemiology has been the persistent documentation of social patterning of oral disease. Nevertheless, where social oral epidemiology has fallen down is going beyond description to explaining these patterns. Thinking how and in what way things happen, not just in relation to oral health inequalities but also more broadly, requires a more creative approach which links to scholarship outside of dentistry, including the work from critical epidemiologists to that within the social sciences. The aim of this review study is to provide a critical commentary on key aspects of more general epidemiological debates in order to inform and develop social oral epidemiology theory and methodology. In the first sectio...

Objective. To determine the experience, prevalence and severity of dental caries and its relationship with nutritional status in nursery infants 17 to 47 months of age. Material and methods. A cross-sectional study in 152 infants 17 to 47 months of age attending one of five day care centers of the city of Pachuca, Hidalgo was performed. Clinical examinations were performed using the methods recommended by the World Health Organization for epidemiologic studies on dental caries. We calculated the caries index (dmft), the significant caries index (SiC) as well as the treatment needs index (TNI) and the care index (CI). Nutritional status was determined using the weight and height for age, in Federico Gomez's scale. In the statistical analysis nonparametric tests were used. Results. Mean age was 2.52 ± 0.76 years; 51.3% were boys. With regard to nutritional status, 19.1% were classified as malnourished and 19.1% were overweight/obese. The dmft index was 1.53 ± 2.52. The SiC index was 4.14, the TNI 86.3% and the CI 13.7%. Caries prevalence was 48.0%. It was observed that 33.5% of children had 1 to 3 teeth with caries experience and 14.5% had 4 or more teeth affected. Statistically significant differences for tooth decay were identified (p < 0.05) by age, height and weight but not (p> 0.05) by sex and nutritional status. Conclusions. This study shows that nearly half of children examined had caries experience. High treatment needs for dental caries were observed. A correlation was found between dmft index and age, weight and height. No association was identified between

This study examined edentulism (total absence of natural dentition) trends among adults' users of public oral health care in Victoria, Australia and factors associated with these trends. The sample comprised 13,578 dental clients of public oral health care services, collected between July 2008 and June 2009, from which data were complete. The group of edentulous clients represented 6.8% of all clients. Older participants were more likely to be edentulous (OR = 3.95; 95% CI 3.53-4.43). By language spoken at home, those who spoke English were more likely to be edentulous than those who spoke other languages (OR = 1.29; 95% CI 1.02-1.63). Aboriginal clients were more likely to be edentulous than non-Aboriginal clients (OR = 2.21; 95% CI 1.15-4.27). By region of residence, clients living in rural locations were more likely to be edentulous than those living in urban regions (OR = 1.53; 95% CI 1.32-1.78). The full model explained 16.8% of the variance in being edentulous. Findings in edentulism were lower than what was reported by the National Survey of Adult Oral Health. However, despite this trend, significant variations existed across urban and rural locations. Innovative public health programs and services are essential to prevent inequalities in oral health diseases and conditions for rural populations.

Pathology is an important discipline which can make the definitive diagnose of the lesions and help surgeons for the treatment of the lesions. Biopsy materials taken from the oral maxillofacial area are examined by pathologists and the results helps the surgeon to identify the characteristic of the lesion and possible treatment modalities of lesions. This study includes the biopsy results taken from the patients referred to Erciyes University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery between the years of 2005-2011. Four hundred and seventy-nine biopsy results were included in this study. As the result of this study 96.9% (n=464) biopsy were benign lesions, 3.1% (n=15) were malign lesions, 25.2% (n=121) were infection cyst, 13.3% (n=64) were developmental cyst, 3.5% (n=17) were non-odontogenic cyst, 5.4% (n=26) were benign odontogenic tumor, 8.7% (n=42) were benign non-odontogenic tumor, 37.1% (n=178) were benign re-active lesions, 3.3% (n=16) were benign fibro-osseous lesion. In our country, patients who are complaining about lesions in their oral cavity are referred either to the department of plastic and reconstructive surgery or to the department of otolaryngology clinics instead of oral and maxillofacial departments. This can be the possible reason for the low rate result of malign lesion in this study.

página 1 de 1, 1 / 1, LILACS, seleciona. para imprimir. Fotocópia. Texto completo. experimental, Documentos relacionados. Id: 565642. Autor: Agudelo, Andrés Alonso; Isaza, Liz Tatiana; Bustamante, David Andrés; Martínez, Carlos Mauricio; Martínez, Cecilia María. ...

OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia, experiencia, significancia de caries dental y la condición de higiene oral en alumnos de la Escuela de Educación Superior Técnico Profesional PNP, en el año 2017. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 174 adultos jóvenes seleccionados aleatoriamente, cumpliendo criterios de inclusión y exclusión y siguiendo las normas éticas en investigación. Los datos se analizaron en el programa SPSS 23 mediante tablas de distribución de frecuencias. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de caries dental fue de 98.50% (CPO-D =5,76; SIC=9,76 y una condición de higiene oral con un predominio de los niveles malo y regular. CONCLUSIONES: El estudio evidenció la necesidad de desarrollar programas preventivos promocionales coherentes, dinámicos de salud bucal en adultos jóvenes de la población de estudiantes estudiados .

Background/Aim. Oral health is an integral part of general health and an important factor in the overall quality of life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental caries among the children from the SOS Children?s Village in Croatia. Methods. The dental examinations based on the World Health Organization criteria were performed on 88 children from SOS Children?s Village in Croatia. The teeth were clinically examined with standard dental instruments using the visual-tactile method under standard light. The clinical indexes of decayed, missed, and filled (dmft and DMFT, for primary and permantnt teeth, respectively) and decayed, missed, and filled surfaces (DMFS), as well as the significant caries index (SiC) were recorded. Results. Among the children from the SOS Children?s Village caries incidence were 57.94%. The mean dmft, DMFT and DMFS of all children was 1.82, 1.90 and 2.82, respectively. The highest mean dmft and DMFT score of 4.24 and 2.56 was found...

The aim of the present research was to evaluate the current caries experience of schoolchildren in the Republic of Moldova. Methods: A pathfinder study was planned and executed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. Caries experience was recorded in three large cities (the capital city and two other large cities) and four villages throughout the country. Within each site and age group, school clusters were randomly chosen. Three different age groups (6, 12 and 15 years) of schoolchildren were assessed. Results: Overall, 1,100 children were examined: 724 from cities and 376 from the villages. Among the study population, 408 (37.1%) were female and 692 (62.9%) were male, 380 were 6 years of age, 365 were 12 years and 355 were 15 years. The prevalence of caries experience [decayed, missing and filled scores of > 1 for primary (dmft) and secondary (DMFT) teeth] was 87.4% (dmft score = 3.9 AE 3.0) for 6-year-old participants, 77.53% (DMFT score = 2.7 AE 2.3) for 12-year-old participants and 86.2% (DMFT score = 3.7 AE 2.9) for 15-year-old participants. For the 12-year group, a higher proportion of caries-free children were detected in urban areas than in rural areas (25.5% vs. 15.5%, P = 0.003). We found more caries-free participants among 12-year-olds than among 15-year-olds (22.5% vs. 13.8%, P = 0.004). Conclusions: These WHO key index age groups may be inserted into the global oral health databank and provide a 'pathfinder' baseline for formulating and conducting future public oral health programmes in the Republic of Moldova, with an emphasis on children in rural locations.

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la asociación entre diversos indicadores socioeconómicos y la utilización de servicios de salud bucal. Se realizó un estudio transversal en 3.048 escolares. La variable utilización de servicios de salud bucal y las variables sociodemográficas y socioeconómicas se colectaron a través de un cuestionario dirigido a las madres. Para determinar las necesidades de salud se realizó un examen clínico bucal a los niños. Las asociaciones ajustadas fueron evaluadas con regresión logística politómica. Las variables asociadas a servicios preventivos y curativos fueron mayor edad, mayor frecuencia de cepillado y menor edad al inicio de cepillado dental, tener seguro público o privado, y mejor nivel socioeconómico. Además, sólo para los servicios preventivos, también se asoció estar inscrito en una escuela privada, y sólo para los servicios curativos, la posesión de automóvil y tener necesidades de salud bucal entre moderadas y muy altas. Los resultados sugieren...

A b s t r a c t: The paper presents the results obtained for the fluoride content in some geothermal waters in Republic of Macedonia. The results made it possible to determine the dependence between fluoride and other chemical elements in the geothermal water. Fluoride content was determined with jon-analyser (EA 920 ORION) and Ion selective electrode for detection of trace fluoride. For chemical analysis was used 10% TISAB Alumina. Samples were collected in plastic bottles and kept in dark place not longer than two months. Examination on other chemical elements was carried out with AES-ICP. First, the samples were filtered and preserved with HNO3.

OBJETIVO: Determinar la frecuencia de necesidad de tratamiento endodóntico en escolares de seis años de edad de lasparroquias urbanas Bellavista y Gil Ramírez Dávalos en la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador 2016. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS:Estudio transversal de evaluación clínica bucal en 302 escolares de seis años de edad con dentición decidua en las parroquiasurbanas Bellavista y Gil Ramírez Dávalos Cuenca-Ecuador 2016. De esta muestra fueron excluidos los que presentaronenfermedades sistémicas y malformaciones bucales, se utilizaron los criterios de Ìndice p.u.f.a para la necesidad de tratamientoendodóntico. Los observadores fueron calibrados por un especialista, los padres firmaron el consentimiento y los escolaresdieron el asentimiento informado. Las revisiones clínicas intraorales fueron desarrollados antes del recreo, con luz natural yespejo bucal. RESULTADOS: El total de la muestra fue de 302 escolares de las parroquias Bellavista y Gil Ramírez Dávalos,de los cuales el 38% representa al s...

Different international organizations have indicated the need to analyze the conditions of each population in order to identify groups and individuals at risk as an operational strategy in pursuit of greater equity, efficacy and efficiency in the health system. The aim of this study was to identify differentials in the dental caries profiles of children attending public schools in the county of Avellaneda (Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina) and their association with variables of social protection. In 2014, an observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was performed with a sample of 656 students 12 years of age from 40 public schools in the 8 county districts (out of a total universe of 3580 individuals distributed in 70 schools). The dental status of 12-year-old schoolchildren living in the localities evaluated showed an unequal distribution; sub-groups with high caries prevalence, morbidity and severity were identified, requiring the targeting of health interventions. A...

Since the early 1990s, there has been heated debate critically reflecting on social epidemiology. Yet, very little of this debate has reached oral epidemiology. This is no more noticeable than in the field of oral health inequalities. One of the significant achievements of social oral epidemiology has been the persistent documentation of social patterning of oral disease. Nevertheless, where social oral epidemiology has fallen down is going beyond description to explaining these patterns. Thinking how and in what way things happen, not just in relation to oral health inequalities but also more broadly, requires a more creative approach which links to scholarship outside of dentistry, including the work from critical epidemiologists to that within the social sciences. The aim of this review study is to provide a critical commentary on key aspects of more general epidemiological debates in order to inform and develop social oral epidemiology theory and methodology. In the first sectio...