New York State Politics

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For many observers of politics, casual or otherwise, when they hear the expression "political machine" the first phrase to pop into their minds is, more than likely, "Tammany Hall." To be sure, vestiges of the old Tammany Hall Democratic Machine can still be found in New York politics, from the numerical advantages held by the Democrats in NYC to certain provisions of State Election Law and to certain more informal or unwritten practices of the political parties. Though the more formal machines of the late 19 th and 20 th centuries are long gone something else has arisen to fill the power vacuum left behind. The latter portion of the 20 th century saw the development and expansion of candidate-centered campaigns and personality-centered organizations. In this paper, I contend that New York has been at the forefront of this evolution toward cult of personality politics.

In this Choice award-winner, an Albany-based political scientist, a former State Assembly member, and an expert on state politics and political blogging and networking infuse their discussion of New York political institutions and processes with the drama and significance of real power politics.

Eleanor Roosevelt’s role as a political power within the Democratic Party after the death of her husband has remained largely unexamined. Yet the story of the former First Lady and Carmine DeSapio is crucial to understanding the collapse of Tammany’s power in New York and the decline of traditional machine politics. The personal and political enmity between Roosevelt and the last of the true “bosses” of New York City stemmed from their clash over Robert F. Wagner Jr.’s election as mayor in 1953 and DeSapio’s subsequent sabotage of Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr.’s campaign for the gubernatorial nomination in 1954. Over the next decade, until her death, Eleanor Roosevelt played a key role in the rise of the “reform” Democrats and the reshaping of the Democratic Party – both in New York and on the national stage. The conflict between Roosevelt and DeSapio would influence the 1956 Democratic presidential primaries, cost W. Averell Harriman the governorship in 1958 (launching the political career of Nelson Rockefeller), and spark a rift between John F. Kennedy and the New York City Democratic leadership during the 1960 election. The relentless campaign would eventually result in the fall of DeSapio (launching the political career of Ed Koch) and the rise of a new kind of Democratic Party.