Jupiter (planetary name)

An overview of the project history of the first remotely-manned exploration of the Jovian system by scientists and engineers at Pasadena, California's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.  Special emphasis is given to the redesign of the mission due to damage aboard the spacecraft and to the unexpected appearance of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9.

An overview of the project history of the first remotely-manned exploration of the Jovian system by scientists and engineers at Pasadena, California's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.  Special emphasis is given to the redesign of the mission due to damage aboard the spacecraft and to the unexpected appearance of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9.

The so-called genealogy in Mt.1:1-17 functions as an esoteric literary device revealing the true nature of the 'Star' that is mentioned in Mt.2:2,9-10. From an astronomical viewpoint, this Star is Jupiter, as involved in the cycle of 'great conjunctions' with Saturn. According to Matthew, Jesus who descended from Solomon, was born at Bethlehem on Tuesday, September 15, around 6:10 p.m. This timepoint was known in esoteric Christian tradition and was redicovered by astronomers in the 20th century.

SE HACE UN ANÁLISIS PROFUNDO DE 2001: ODISEA DEL ESPACIO, PELÍCULA DE CIENCIA-FICCIÓN PARADIGMÁTICA, CON UN INICIO CASI DOCUMENTAL Y UNA SEGUNDA PARTE ARGUMENTAL QUE NARRA LA EVOLUCIÓN DE LA HUMANIDAD DEL AUSTRALOPITECUS sp. AL GERMEN DEL SUPERHOMBRE, EN EL MEJOR SENTIDO DE LA PALABRA.

This paper discusses two scanty but complex groups of sources which seem to suggest that Thursday (dies Iovis, that is, Jupiter’s Day in the Roman planetary seven-day week) was a day of rest in honour of Jupiter during the later imperial period: a number of ecclesiastical texts from late antique Gaul and Galicia, and three documentary papyri from Oxyrhynchus. The former imply that an unofficial observance of Jupiter’s Day, as opposed to the Christian Lord’s Day (Sunday), persisted among the populace despite Church opposition to such deviant behaviour. The latter hint at Thursday being a non-working day for official bureaux during the third and early fourth centuries, before the formalisation of Sunday as an official day of rest by Constantine in 321. The paper concludes with reflections on the idea that during the later imperial period –as the use of the planetary week became increasingly popular– Thursday became the most important and sacred day in the Roman seven-day week by reason of being the day dedicated to the chief god of the Roman pantheon and, at the same time, the day associated to the astrologically favourable planet that had been named after Jupiter. If Thursday was ever a day of rest recurring on a hebdomadal basis during the later Roman Empire, it was presumably the Judeo-Christian tradition of the Sabbath and the Lord’s Day that provided pagans with the notion of a weekly feast day.

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A Monte Carlo model has been constructed to describe the energization and energy degradation of low-energy protons in an H2 atmosphere in the presence of parallel electric field. The energy spectrum of Ly a collision events is employed to determine the volume emission rate (VER) of H Ly a emissions. Numerical experiments have been performed to study the effect of initial proton energy, electric field, neutral number density, initial pitch angle, and cutoff limit on H Ly a VER. The present study demonstrates that energization of solar EUV-generated low-energy protons by parallel electric fields is incapable of producing optically thin Ly a emissions on Uranus through direct collision with H2. However, nonthermal H atoms, produced through acceleration of protons in parallel electric fields, play an important role in enhancing the Ly a intensity through resonant scattering of solar Ly a flux: resulting emissions are consistent with the broadening of the Ly a line observed on Jupiter by IUE. The Monte Carlo model is also applied to the problem of Doppler-shifted H Ly a emissions from the auroral atmosphere of Jupiter. Energetic neutral H precipitation from the ring current is discussed as a possible source of optically thin H Ly a emissions on outer planets. Estimates are also given for Ha, H/ • , and H2 band emissions resulting from the impact of fast H (of ring current origin) on H2. The input energies and fluxes of precipitating ring current particles are, however, too uncertain to permit definite conclusions.

A memorial to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Dr. Claudia J. Alexander, geophysicist and a planetary research scientist with the United States Geological Survey and with NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. She served as the final project manager on the Galileo mission to Jupiter. She was NASA’s project manager and scientist in the triumphant European-led Rosetta mission to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. She passed away on July 11, 2015, at the age of 56.

The atmospheric activity of Jupiter exhibits quasi-periodic character attributed to the
stochastic nature of the involved mechanisms. Periodicities between 4-33 years are obtained employing
four spectrum analysis methods, (power spectrum employing the Blackman-Tukey window,
maximum entropy, Fourier, autocorrelation), whilst, their significance and their stationarity has been
established with the application of general statistical tests (Kolmogorov-Smimov, one sample and
two sample test, randomness test, chi-square, various orders of autoregressive process, analysis of
truncated records).