Incident

Background: While the main concern of Iran has been the risk of drought, and the Iranian authorities are always trying to find the solutions and prepare projects for the supply of their citizens' water, this country suddenly experienced a massive flood that affected more than 31 provinces in 2019. This study was conducted to extract lessons learned from the health system response and management of Iran in the 2019 floods. Materials and Methods: This report was designed and implemented using a multi-method model with both quantitative and qualitative methods. Results: In this year, more than 42 million Iranian citizens were affected by the flood. The medical centers provided services for more than 1137000 people. Also, 85 people died and 19 outbreaks were identified in the flooded areas. Conclusion: Preventing flood victims to have access to humanitarian help and illegal measures concerning international cooperation seems to be immoral and at least sanctions should not be included in helping people in disasters, especially the health system is considered. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of ability to predict climate change, and it is necessary to focus on this issue. the "all-hazards" approach should be taken into consideration for the effective management of these incidents.

Aim: Suicide is the leading cause of non-accidental death in Spain across both sexes and all age groups; however, data on suicide attempts by region are heterogeneous and little reported. This study aimed to examine the socio-demographic and epidemiological variables most
strongly related to suicide attempts in Jaén province.
Method: Data on people who had attempted suicide over a 26-month period (2009–2011) were collected from the emergency departments of two hospitals via their electronic medical record systems specific to the Autonomous Community of Andalusia (Spain). Descriptive and frequency statistics were obtained and the relationship among variables was examined.
Results: Suicide attempters were aged 24 to 53 years, being primarily women (65.25%). The most frequent suicide method was medication ingestion (85.55%); thus, ingestion of toxic substances has become the preferred method among women (LR(3) = 14.731; p = .02). The hospitals discharged the patients (46.44%) or referred them to mental health services in the area (20.08%) following a suicide attempt. There were more hospital discharges when the attempt involved ingestion of toxic substances or self-harm (LR(12) = 20.603; p = .05), and in winter
and spring (LR(12) = 69.772; p < .001).
Conclusion: The need for emergency departments to have prevention and intervention procedures in place, specifically designed for suicide attempts and at-risk individuals, is discussed.