Bohol

Panglao Island is one of the tourist destinations in the Philippines due to its white sand beaches, spectacular coral formations, beautiful reef fishes and crystal clear waters. Tourist arrival in 2012 noticeably decreased according to the dive shop operators and hotel and restaurant operators. Coral reefs damaged due to human and natural factors. Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCARRD) of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) implemented the Filipinnovation on Coral Reef Restoration Program in collaboration with the University of San Carlos (USC), Cebu City and Bohol Island State University (BISU), Candijay Campus to manage the Pilot Technology Demonstration on Coral Reef Restoration in Panglao, Bohol. The ultimate goal of the project was to restore the degraded coral reefs through innovative means while maintaining partnerships between the local government units and private sectors which directly benefiting the coral ecosystems. The project team members were able to complete the deployment of 40 coral nursery units (CNUs) underwater in the month of September 2012. About 20,000 coral fragments were planted directly to the substrate using two techniques: 1) underwater epoxy as coral adhesive; and 2) nail and cable tie method. Tagged coral samples, it was found that the survivability of the transplanted coral was at 80% but decreased significantly with the presence of corallivores such as crown-of-thorns seastars, Acanthaster plancii and the snail that feeds on corals, Drupella cornus. Data gathered from the CNUs, it was ascertained that Acropora nobilis was a fast growing acroporid species capable of growing at .37 cm in three weeks or at 5.76 cm/ year, with all else assumed being linear. The project invites and encourages dive shop operators, hotel and restaurant owners, local government units and non-government organization's officials in Bohol province to sustain the project.

This study explores the predictive utility of an emotional intelligence measurement that is based on the Role-Based Performance Scale (RBPS) measure of job performance. This inquiry aims to investigate whether the level of emotional intelligence score of each academic staff in the selected private higher educational institutions affects job performance. This research applied a quantitative method approach to cast the researchers’ net wider to include selected higher educational institutions to obtain as much data as possible. The results demonstrate a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and job performance of academic workers in private higher educational institutions. Therefore, these significant findings shed further light on the theoretical and practical utility of the construct of emotional intelligence and job performance, and have proven the fact that emotional intelligence is accountable for and could predict job performance. 

Risk reduction is recognized as vital for building a more equitable future and for reducing the severity of losses during disasters. Effective risk reduction occurs when there is cooperation between sectors of society, and there is an existing disaster preparedness program in place. The primary thrust of this study was to determine the level of compliance with the school risk reduction and disaster preparedness program among the public secondary schools in the District of Buenavista, Bohol, Philippines. It sought to determine compliance in the aspects of safe learning facilities, school disaster management and disaster risk reduction in education. The study employed quantitative method through a survey questionnaire anchored on the instruments developed by the Department of Education (DepEd). The findings revealed that schools had a good compliance level on disaster preparedness. However, some problems were encountered such as inadequate training materials and lack of training among the school disaster risk reduction management teams. Despite these challenges, both teachers and students agreed that the public secondary schools were generally compliant. A need was seen to continue the conduct of disaster preparedness training and seminars as well as budget allocation to finance the publication and dissemination of training materials of the program for distribution to schools.

Through a combination of scientific analytical methods, the coloring materials used in 20 th century paintings in historical churches of Baclayon, Dauis and Loay, which are municipalities in Bohol, Philippines, were studied. Inorganic pigments were identified using SEM-EDS and XRD. Iron-based pigments were commonly found in the paintings, yielding dark yellow and brown colors. Zinc oxide was identified as the white pigment in the ceiling paintings of Dauis Church and Loay Church, while titanium dioxide was detected in the column painting in Baclayon Church. Organic analysis showed the presence of Pigment Yellow 3, a synthetic organic pigment. Paint layers, as well as other components of the samples such as grounds and metal leaves, were examined microscopically. It was observed that different types of grounds were applied on different types of surfaces. Moreover, organic pigments were found in combination with white extender materials. Microscopic examination also revealed alterations in the artworks, such as the overpaint layer found in the samples from Baclayon Church cornice and the imitation metal leaf layers applied over the original gilt surface in the Loay Church retablo.

Protected Landscape (RSPL) on Bohol. The main goal of this study was to obtain more data about the population status and basic ecology of the frugivorous bats of the RSPL, including the attitude of locals towards these animals. Mist netting at low and sub-canopy level at 22 sites in 40 net nights caught 263 individuals. Netting and roost observations revealed nine species of frugivorous bats (Pteropodidae) and two species of insectivorous bats (Rhinolophidae). Of these, four species are endemic to the Philippines and three are included in the IUCN red list. All the species of Pteropodidae known to occur in Bohol prior to this research were recorded in this study. The species Pteropus hypomelanus (Common island flying fox) is recorded for the first time in Bohol. To investigate local attitude and knowledge, questionnaires were distributed in 14 of the 29 barangays (villages) surrounding the park. Results from the 257 completed questionnaires indicated that more than half of the respondents believe bat population are decreasing. In most of the surveyed barangays, the respondents associated bats with witches or devils. Over a quarter of the respondents said they sometimes eat flying foxes, while more than half would eat them if there was the opportunity. More than half of the respondents believed that bat hunting occurs occasionally in their barangay. The use of air guns is the most common method used to hunt bats. Other hunting techniques include use of slingshot and trapping.

Stories of hidden valuable artefacts are told in many parts of the Philippines. One such tale is of a church bell, concealed to prevent theft but now beyond reach (Motif V115.1.3 Sunken church bell cannot be raised). Typically, these stories are transmitted orally. However the small Eskaya community of southeast Bohol maintains a written version of a lost-bell tale included in a larger intergenerational archive of handcopied literature. Since the early 1980s, the Eskaya have been an object of media interest for having consciously created their own “indigenous” language, writing system and literary tradition. This paper examines the meanings of the Eskaya variant of the lost-bell story in the context of community aspirations for recognition as an indigenous minority. In the Eskaya version, pre-Hispanic native “faith” is valorized over the corrupted Christianity introduced by Spain. The deliberately concealed church bell and its promised future retrieval recapitulates wider postcolonial narratives of cultural-linguistic suppression and revitalization, underscoring the agency of Eskaya people in their retrieval (or reinvention) of a pre-colonial indigenous identity.

Developing countries need sufficient, reliable, and affordable energy for economic development; yet, the source of this energy remains contested. In the Philippines, coal-based electricity supplies most of the country's energy requirement. Until the moratorium on new coal-fired power plant development in 2020, the Philippine government aggressively pursued the development of the coal sector, labelling coal projects as nationally significant. With this policy direction, many local governments, including provinces and cities, rallied around coal. Dissent against this fuel, nonetheless, was also prominent, with civil society often leading these mobilizations. This paper discusses one of these movements: a civil society-business-and-ecclesial-led dissent on the proposed coal-based energy system for Bohol province. Using primary data from interviews, supplemented by social media and secondary data analysis, this paper describes the modes, strategies, and tactics of this local coal dissent. Led by a trifecta of actors, including private citizens, businesspeople, and the clergy, the movement employed nonviolent approaches through network-building, letter-writing, and social media-campaigning. As a result of this movement, the provincial government banned future coal-based development in Bohol.

The utopian Eskayan language and script has been spoken for at least three generations by a small community on the island of Bohol in the southern Philippines. Speakers, who use the language in special domains, attribute its creation to a legendary ancestor known as Pinay. In this paper I consider the origins of Eskayan vocabulary, showing how lexical models from Cebuano, Spanish and English account for a small proportion of Eskayan lexemes. The traces of these colonial languages lend important clues to the development of the lexicon as a whole, shedding light on the tumultuous historical context in which Eskayan came into being. Further, the patterning of Eskayan vocabulary reveals Pinay's folklinguistic conceptions about the nature of 'language' and linguistic variation.

This paper introduces and documents the Eskaya writing system of the Philippines, developed ca. 1920–1937, and attempts to reconstruct the circumstances of its creation. Although the script is used for representing Visayan (Cebuano)—a widely used language of the southern Philippines—its privileged role is in the written reproduction of a constructed utopian language, referred to as Eskayan or Bisayan Declarado. Held to have been invented by the ancestral ‘Pope Pinay’, the Eskayan language and its script are used by approximately 550 people for restricted purposes in the southeast of the island of Bohol. Of the approximately 1065 characters in the system, a primary set of twenty-four are alphabetic with optional syllabic values; the remaining letters have syllabic values only and can be decomposed into an inahan (‘mother’), standing for (C)V, and a sinyas (‘gesture’) indicating consonant diacritics on either side of the nucleus. Coda diacritics are largely inconsistent, meaning that each syllabic character needs to be acquired independently. The script has minor logographic elements with ideography employed in the decimal numeral system. Over half of all Eskaya characters are redundant and at least thirty-seven represent phonotactic impossibilities in either Visayan or Eskayan. The sheer size, complexity and irregurality of the hybrid Eskaya script is unparalleled among the world’s writing systems. I argue that the very opacity of Eskaya writing is, in part, what makes it attractive to new learners and has contributed to its successful transmission for ninety years.

Panglao Island is one of the tourist destinations in the Philippines due to its white sand beaches, spectacular coral formations, beautiful reef fishes and crystal clear waters. Tourist arrival in 2012 noticeably decreased according to the dive shop operators and hotel and restaurant operators. Coral reefs damaged due to human and natural factors. Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCARRD) of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) implemented the Filipinnovation on Coral Reef Restoration Program in collaboration with the University of San Carlos (USC), Cebu City and Bohol Island State University (BISU), Candijay Campus to manage the Pilot Technology Demonstration on Coral Reef Restoration in Panglao, Bohol. The ultimate goal of the project was to restore the degraded coral reefs through innovative means while maintaining partnerships between the local government units and private sectors which directly benefiting the...

Panglao Island is one of the tourist destinations in the Philippines due to its white sand beaches, spectacular coral formations, beautiful reef fishes and crystal clear waters. Tourist arrival in 2012 noticeably decreased according to the dive shop operators and hotel and restaurant operators. Coral reefs damaged due to human and natural factors. Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCARRD) of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) implemented the Filipinnovation on Coral Reef Restoration Program in collaboration with the University of San Carlos (USC), Cebu City and Bohol Island State University (BISU), Candijay Campus to manage the Pilot Technology Demonstration on Coral Reef Restoration in Panglao, Bohol. The ultimate goal of the project was to restore the degraded coral reefs through innovative means while maintaining partnerships between the local government units and private sectors which directly benefiting the...

Transitar de un lenguaje escrito a otro visual no es una tarea fácil para un historiador. Usualmente uno dispone de escasos medios materiales, pero con la motivación principal de que el trabajo debe realizarse en una modalidad distinta a la habitual, es decir, pasar del libro o el artículo científico al trabajo audiovisual; pasar de un público académico a otro más general. Este documental tuvo cuatro grandes soportes: el trabajo de archivo, el trabajo de campo, la búsqueda de financiamiento y la producción audiovisual.

The Eskaya people of Bohol in the southern Philippines use the Eskayan language and script in specific domains: schooling, church, speechmaking and literary transcription. Both language and script are attributed to an ancestral creator known as Pinay. At first glance, Eskayan appears to be a simple relexification of the regional Visayan language of which Eskaya people are mother-tongue speakers, as translations of the traditional literature into Visayan have the appearance of word-for-word calques. However, the ostensibly straightforward relationship between the two lects becomes more problematic at the level of morphology. The 24 Visayan verbal affixes and their allomorphs are handled by just five Eskayan counterparts and traditional texts are replete with ambiguities that cannot always be resolved by Eskayan speakers. The review of Eskayan morphosyntax, and its relationships to Visayan structures, brings into focus the analytical categories that the putative creator Pinay brought to the task of constructing the language. More broadly, it draws attention to the scope for grammatical innovation in engineered languages, as well as the inherent constraints.

Risk reduction is recognized as vital for building a more equitable future and for reducing the severity of losses during disasters. Effective risk reduction occurs when there is cooperation between sectors of society, and there is an existing disaster preparedness program in place. The primary thrust of this study was to determine the level of compliance with the school risk reduction and disaster preparedness program among the public secondary schools in the District of Buenavista, Bohol, Philippines. It sought to determine compliance in the aspects of safe learning facilities, school disaster management and disaster risk reduction in education. The study employed quantitative method through a survey questionnaire anchored on the instruments developed by the Department of Education (DepEd). The findings revealed that schools had a good compliance level on disaster preparedness. However, some problems were encountered such as inadequate training materials and lack of training among the school disaster risk reduction management teams. Despite these challenges, both teachers and students agreed that the public secondary schools were generally compliant. A need was seen to continue the conduct of disaster preparedness training and seminars as well as budget allocation to finance the publication and dissemination of training materials of the program for distribution to schools.

The Asian Psychological Services and Assessment, Inc. (APSA) is an institution conducting a diagnostic test of core subjects that includes Mathematics. Taking into account the importance of the subject, the researchers conducted a study on students' performance in Math. The study sought to find if the mathematics grade is a correlator of APSA rating by testing the relationship between the final grade and APSA diagnostic test results. The researchers employed the quantitative method using documentary analysis on the existing records as to academic performance and APSA result. The subjects of the study were the 587 students of University of Bohol High School across the four grade levels. The data obtained were then subjected to statistical treatments using coefficient of correlation, t-test, and analysis of variance. Results revealed that there was a significant correlation between the grades and APSA results in Mathematics, while APSA results in the four levels varied significantly. This means that students with low final grades in math are likely to obtain low performance in APSA. The variance in the APSA results among the four levels implied that the trend differsdistributions of proficiency were different in the four levels.

Risk reduction is recognized as vital for building a more equitable future and for reducing the severity of losses during disasters. Effective risk reduction occurs when there is cooperation between sectors of society, and there is an existing disaster preparedness program in place. The primary thrust of this study was to determine the level of compliance with the school risk reduction and disaster preparedness program among the public secondary schools in the District of Buenavista, Bohol, Philippines. It sought to determine compliance in the aspects of safe learning facilities, school disaster management and disaster risk reduction in education. The study employed quantitative method through a survey questionnaire anchored on the instruments developed by the Department of Education (DepEd). The findings revealed that schools had a good compliance level on disaster preparedness. However, some problems were encountered such as inadequate training materials and lack of training among the school disaster risk reduction management teams. Despite these challenges, both teachers and students agreed that the public secondary schools were generally compliant. A need was seen to continue the conduct of disaster preparedness training and seminars as well as budget allocation to finance the publication and dissemination of training materials of the program for distribution to schools.

This study explores the predictive utility of an emotional intelligence measurement that is based on the Role-Based Performance Scale (RBPS) measure of job performance. This inquiry aims to investigate whether the level of emotional intelligence score of each academic staff in the selected private higher educational institutions affects job performance. This research applied a quantitative method approach to cast the researchers’ net wider to include selected higher educational institutions to obtain as much data as possible. The results demonstrate a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and job performance of academic workers in private higher educational institutions. Therefore, these significant findings shed further light on the theoretical and practical utility of the construct of emotional intelligence and job performance, and have proven the fact that emotional intelligence is accountable for and could predict job performance. 

Risk reduction is recognized as vital for building a more equitable future and for reducing the severity of losses during disasters. Effective risk reduction occurs when there is cooperation between sectors of society, and there is an existing disaster preparedness program in place. The primary thrust of this study was to determine the level of compliance with the school risk reduction and disaster preparedness program among the public secondary schools in the District of Buenavista, Bohol, Philippines. It sought to determine compliance in the aspects of safe learning facilities, school disaster management and disaster risk reduction in education. The study employed quantitative method through a survey questionnaire anchored on the instruments developed by the Department of Education (DepEd). The findings revealed that schools had a good compliance level on disaster preparedness. However, some problems were encountered such as inadequate training materials and lack of training among the school disaster risk reduction management teams. Despite these challenges, both teachers and students agreed that the public secondary schools were generally compliant. A need was seen to continue the conduct of disaster preparedness training and seminars as well as budget allocation to finance the publication and dissemination of training materials of the program for distribution to schools.

Risk reduction is recognized as vital for building a more equitable future and for reducing the severity of losses during disasters. Effective risk reduction occurs when there is cooperation between sectors of society, and there is an existing disaster preparedness program in place. The primary thrust of this study was to determine the level of compliance with the school risk reduction and disaster preparedness program among the public secondary schools in the District of Buenavista, Bohol, Philippines. It sought to determine compliance in the aspects of safe learning facilities, school disaster management and disaster risk reduction in education. The study employed quantitative method through a survey questionnaire anchored on the instruments developed by the Department of Education (DepEd). The findings revealed that schools had a good compliance level on disaster preparedness. However, some problems were encountered such as inadequate training materials and lack of training among the school disaster risk reduction management teams. Despite these challenges, both teachers and students agreed that the public secondary schools were generally compliant. A need was seen to continue the conduct of disaster preparedness training and seminars as well as budget allocation to finance the publication and dissemination of training materials of the program for distribution to schools.

this paper also looks into and assesses the courses of action taken by farmers, civil society groups, and local governments in response to the effects of the law. Furthermore, the study attempts to provide a "history from below" based on the narratives of ordinary people as they share how they have lived their lives and how, why and whether or not their experiences and behavior have changed over time within the context of a globalizing environment.

Emotional Intelligence (EI) is the ability to appraise and express one’s emotions, appraise and recognize the emotion of others, regulate one’s emotion, and use the emotion to facilitate one’s performance. Job performance of teaching employees refers to the instructional skills, personal & social qualities, educational leadership, and executive ability of the teachers, which is evaluated by the employees and their respective department/office head. This study was designed to examine the correlation between EI and job performance of the teaching employees. The study utilized a descriptive quantitative survey method using standardized questionnaires in gathering the data. The study respondents comprised 111 full-time teaching regular employees in different departments of the University of Bohol. This study used the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale with overall reliability between 0.77-0.91, which measured the EI of the respondents. Results displayed a significant positive cor...

Emotional Intelligence (EI) is the ability to appraise and express one's emotions, appraise and recognize the emotion of others, regulate one's emotion, and use the emotion to facilitate one's performance. Job performance of teaching employees refers to the instructional skills, personal & social qualities, educational leadership and executive ability of the teachers, which is evaluated by the employees and their respective department/office head. This study was designed to examine the correlation between EI and job performance of the teaching employees. The study utilized a descriptive quantitative survey method using standardized questionnaires in gathering the data. The study respondents comprised 111 full-time teaching regular employees in different departments of the University of Bohol. This study used the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale with overall reliability between 0.77-0.91, which measured the EI of the respondents. Results displayed a significant positive correlation between EI and job performance. This study implies that as EI increases, the job performance of the teaching employees also increases. Moreover, the job performance between self-evaluation and office head evaluation does not significantly differ. This research indicates that the evaluation scores have no difference in how the teaching employees rated themselves and their respective office/department heads.

Risk reduction is recognized as vital for building a more equitable future and for reducing the severity of losses during disasters. Effective risk reduction occurs when there is cooperation between sectors of society, and there is an existing disaster preparedness program in place. The primary thrust of this study was to determine the level of compliance with the school risk reduction and disaster preparedness program among the public secondary schools in the District of Buenavista, Bohol, Philippines. It sought to determine compliance in the aspects of safe learning facilities, school disaster management and disaster risk reduction in education. The study employed quantitative method through a survey questionnaire anchored on the instruments developed by the Department of Education (DepEd). The findings revealed that schools had a good compliance level on disaster preparedness. However, some problems were encountered such as inadequate training materials and lack of training among the school disaster risk reduction management teams. Despite these challenges, both teachers and students agreed that the public secondary schools were generally compliant. A need was seen to continue the conduct of disaster preparedness training and seminars as well as budget allocation to finance the publication and dissemination of training materials of the program for distribution to schools.

This study explores the predictive utility of an emotional intelligence measurement that is based on the Role-Based Performance Scale (RBPS) measure of job performance. This inquiry aims to investigate whether the level of emotional intelligence score of each academic staff in the selected private higher educational institutions affects job performance. This research applied a quantitative method approach to cast the researchers’ net wider to include selected higher educational institutions to obtain as much data as possible. The results demonstrate a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and job performance of academic workers in private higher educational institutions. Therefore, these significant findings shed further light on the theoretical and practical utility of the construct of emotional intelligence and job performance, and have proven the fact that emotional intelligence is accountable for and could predict job performance.