EEG mapping in patients with social phobia

Frontiers in Psychology, 2020

NeuroImage: Clinical, 2018

Social anxiety disorder is an invalidating psychiatric disorder characterized by extreme fear and avoidance of one or more social situations in which patients might experience scrutiny by others. The goal of this twogeneration family study was to delineate behavioral and electrocortical endophenotypes of social anxiety disorder related to social evaluation. Nine families of patients with social anxiety disorder (their spouse and children, and siblings of these patients with spouse and children) performed a social judgment paradigm in which they believed to be evaluated by peers. For each peer, participants indicated their expectation about the evaluative outcome, after which they received social acceptance or rejection feedback. Task behavior, as well as the feedback-related EEG brain potentials (N1, FRN, P3) and theta power were tested as candidate endophenotypes based on two criteria: co-segregation with social anxiety disorder within families and heritability. Results indicated that reaction time for indicating acceptance-expectations might be a candidate behavioral endophenotype of social anxiety disorder, possibly reflecting increased uncertainty or self-focused attention and vigilance during the social judgment paradigm. N1 in response to expected rejection feedback and P3 in response to acceptance feedback might be candidate electrocortical endophenotypes of social anxiety disorder, although the heritability analyses did not remain significant after correcting for multiple tests. Increased N1 possibly reflects hypervigilance to socially threatening stimuli, and increased P3 might reflect that positive feedback is more important for, and/or less expected by, participants with social anxiety disorder. Finally, increased feedback-related negativity and theta power in response to unexpected rejection feedback compared to the other conditions co-segregated with social anxiety disorder, but these EEG measures were not heritable. The candidate endophenotypes might play a new and promising role in future research on genetic mechanisms, early detection and/or prevention of social anxiety disorder.

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment

A number of studies have noted that the pattern of resting frontal brain electrical activity (EEG) is related to individual differences in affective style in healthy infants, children, and adults and some clinical populations when symptoms are reduced or in remission. We measured self-reported trait shyness and sociability, concurrent depressive mood, and frontal brain electrical activity (EEG) at rest and in anticipation of a speech task in a non-clinical sample of healthy young adults selected for high and low social anxiety. Although the patterns of resting and reactive frontal EEG asymmetry did not distinguish among individual differences in social anxiety, the pattern of resting frontal EEG asymmetry was related to trait shyness after controlling for concurrent depressive mood. Individuals who reported a higher degree of shyness were likely to exhibit greater relative right frontal EEG activity at rest. However, trait shyness was not related to frontal EEG asymmetry measured du...

Dementia & Neuropsychologia, 2018

Stress is a response in which an individual wants to have more control over a situation. A constant state of stress is called anxiety. Some patients deny symptoms. An instrument can help arrive at a diagnosis. Objective: Using TQ-7 QEEG, this study aimed to evaluate the association of symptoms of anxiety, insecurity, fear, panic and phobia with hot temporals defined as Beta (15-23 Hz) >17% and High-Beta waves (23-38 Hz) >10% at T3 and T4. Methods: Five hundred and forty-three patients of both genders with ages ranging from 16-59 years were evaluated, divided into two groups: Control (without hot temporals: n=274) and Case Group (with hot temporals: n=269). The Chi-square test was used (p-values ≤0.05). Results: There was a significant association (p-value <0.001) between the symptoms related to amygdala activation, expressed in the temporals (Beta >17% and High-Beta >10%).

2009

have yielded mixed results. Recent event-related potential (ERP) studies employing the dotprobe paradigm in non-anxious participants have shown that the P1 component is sensitive to visuospatial attention toward emotional faces. We used a dot-probe task in conjunction with high-density ERPs and source localization to investigate attentional biases in SAD.

WIREs Cognitive Science, 2016

Social anxiety is a common disorder characterized by a persistent and excessive fear of one or more social or performance situations. Behavioral inhibition is one of the early indicators of social anxiety, which later in life may advance into a certain personality structure (low extraversion and high neuroticism) and the development of maladaptive cognitive biases. While there are several effective psycho‐ and pharmacotherapy options, a large number of patients benefit insufficiently from these therapies. Brain and neuroendocrine research can help uncover both the biological basis of social anxiety and potentially provide indicators, ‘biomarkers,’ that may be informative for early disease detection or treatment response, above and beyond self‐report data. Several large‐scale brain networks related to emotion, motivation, cognitive control, and self‐referential processing have been identified, and are affected in social anxiety. Social anxiety is further characterized by increased co...

Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research, 2018

Introduction. The study of electrical activity peculiarities in the cerebral cortex among people with different levels of anxiety and the dependence of EEG rhythms from the level of personal anxiety (PA) is relevant and needs to be studied. As a result of our research, we have found that during the baseline EEG among people with a moderate level of personal anxiety, the intensity of alpha rhythm predominates in the posterior areas of the cerebral cortex. People with a high level of PA had the highest rates of beta rhythm intensity. An inverse relationship between EEG main rhythms and the level of anxiety is noted. Thus, people, who were involved in our study, with the moderate level of PA had the following results: the steadier the PA, the less the intensity of the PA level. People with a high level of PA had positive connections between the alpha and beta rhythms and level of anxiety, as well as a higher activity in the right-hemisphere of the cortex, which indicates the contribution of this hemisphere in the high level PA in studies. Materials and method. The power of EEG rhythms among people (aged 18-22) with different levels of anxiety was studied. Registration of the cerebral cortex electrical activity was carried out using the «Neurocom».device. During the electroencephalogram recording, electrodes were placed on the international system 10/20. The spectral power values were analyzed in the standard physiological frequency bands: delta (1-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-14 Hz), beta (14-35 Hz). For the spectral EEG characteristics, an absolute (ACP, μV) and relative spectral power (RSP, %) were used. The analysis of power indices was carried out in a state of rest with closed eyes (baseline),and a state of rest with open eyes during task solving as an emotional load. Results. We have found that during the EEG baseline people with the moderate level of PA had high indexes of alpha rhythm in the posterior areas of the cerebral cortex. Eyes' opening caused an increase of the intensity of theta rhythm in the frontal area of the cerebral cortex. During the intellectual task conducting, we noticed that the increase of intensity of beta rhythm in the frontal, temporal and end-lobe parts, whereas in the central and vertex parts of the cortex the intensity of theta rhythm predominated. Among people with a high level of PA during the baseline probe, the highest rates of beta rhythm intensity in the posterior areas of the cerebral cortex were fixed. In the state of rest with open eyes, the activity of theta rhythm was revealed. The alpha rhythm had the highest rates of intensity in the posterior area of the right hemisphere. During the intellectual task, the intensity of beta rhythm predominated. In the frontal and central parts of the cortex, the intensity of theta rhythm predominated. Conclusions. During the baseline probe among people with a moderate level of PA, the intensity of alpha rhythm in the posterior areas of the cerebral cortex predominated, among people with a high level of PA-beta rhythm. eyes open caused an increase in the intensity of theta rhythm in the frontal area of the cerebral cortex of people with a moderate level of PA, and alpha rhythm in the posterior area of the right hemisphere. During the intellectual task conducted among people with a moderate level of PA, we noticed an increase in beta rhythm intensity in the frontal, temporal and end-lobe parts, but in the central and vertex parts of the cortex the intensity of theta rhythm predominated. While in another group of people who were involved in study, the intensity of beta rhythm predominated; in the frontal and central parts-theta rhythm. With a moderate level of PA, there were significant negative links between the level of anxiety and intensity of alpha, beta, theta rhythms. With a high level of PA, positive links between the intensity of alpha and beta rhythms and the level of anxiety were noticed; the intensity of EEG rhythms in this group of examined people was correlated with the right parts of the brain, which indicates to a big contribution of this part in the high level of PA among the examined people.

Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1995

Individuals meeting criteria of the revised third edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 1987) for social phobia with a fear of speaking in front of people were subdivided into those with (n = 16) and without (n = 14) avoidant personality disorder (APD). These individuals and nonanxious controls (n = 22) spoke in front of a small audience while speaking time, subjective anxiety, fearful thoughts, and electrocardiographic and respiratory measures were recorded. Controls spoke for longer than either social phobia group. Those with social phobia and APD reported more subjective anxiety and more fear cognitions than the other two groups; phobic individuals without APD showed greater heart rates in the phobic situation than either social phobics with APD or controls. The latter two groups did not differ in heart rate. These results indicate incongruent subjective and heart rate responses to the feared situation. A similar pattern of results was found when participants were divided into generalized and specific social phobia groups.

Classical Antiquity and Medieval Ireland: An Anthology of Medieval Irish Texts and Interpretations, 2024

Edition, translation, and discussion of a hitherto unpublished passage from the copy of Auraicept na nÉces in the Book of Uí Mhaine. The chapter is part of an anthology edited by Michael Clarke, Erich Poppe, and Isabelle Torrance.

Lucentum, vol. 43, pp. 151-168, 2024

En este trabajo presentamos los mármoles y otros materiales pétreos de prestigio de época romana hallados en la llamada Casa de la Cañada Honda de Itálica (Santiponce, Sevilla) –concretamente en la ampliación adrianea de la ciudad, la conocida como Nova Vrbs–, tanto los encontrados en las últimas campañas de excavación iniciadas en el año 2017 y llevadas a cabo por el equipo liderado por Rafael Hidalgo Prieto, de la Universidad Pablo de Olavide de Sevilla (UPO), como los que se conservan in situ en la domus, en los umbrales de las estancias y en los suelos documentados. El estudio e identificación macroscópica de los materiales, con el análisis cuantitativo de los tipos de marmora, se complementa con un estudio en profundidad de algunas piezas singulares: piezas con notae lapicidinarum, placas de revestimientos en opus sectile parietales y de pavimentos, suelos con incrustaciones marmóreas reutilizadas, pistillum y mortero. Además, se ha realizado un estudio del empleo de los materiales pétreos en los distintos espacios de la vivienda. Los resultados evidencian la presencia de rocas ornamentales de procedencia local, así como de materiales lapídeos de la Lusitania, junto con una serie importante de marmora de las principales canteras del imperio romano, aunque corresponden a momentos de la Antigüedad Tardía, de acopio de materiales lapídeos reutilizados de estructuras de fechas anteriores. La mayor parte de estas rocas ornamentales debe proceder de un imponente espacio público, situado en las cercanías de la casa, el santuario de culto imperial, de grandes dimensiones, el Traianeum de Itálica, un complejo arquitectónico conformado por un gran templo y un altar, dentro de una plaza rodeada por un pórtico cerrado y hekatostylon, en el que se emplearon para su decoración una gran diversidad de tipos de marmora.