Delayed Coking Presentation

Energy & Fuels, 2017

Delayed coking is the technology most used to upgrade vacuum residue into high value products, but in this process, secondary reactions produce coke. It is already known that the chemical and physical properties and composition of the feedstock and processing conditions affect coke morphology. Recently, a new type of morphology called transition coke has been described, but this morphology should be avoided because it induces operational and safety risks to delayed

Hydrocarbon Engineering

getting burdened with heavy residues that are subsequently obtained by processing heavy crudes. Heavy crudes (≤ 20 ºAPI) yield large amount of residual fractions such as atmospheric residue (AR, initial boiling point, IBP > 343ºC) and vacuum residue (VR, IBP > 500ºC) as shown in . The processes that convert these heavy ends into lighter, more value-added products are termed as bottom-of-the-barrel conversion processes or residue upgrading processes.

2014

Delayed coking units convert heavy crude oil or topping refinery residue to more light valuable products including diesel, gasoline and naphtha by thermal catalytic treatment. The residue from the fractionation

Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 2005

The valorisation of oil distillation residues constitutes a major problem for refineries. Thermal processes like visbreaking and delayed coking are still quite diffused technologies. This paper presents some major aspects of the delayed coking kinetic modelling and some preliminary results compared with experimental data. A mechanistic approach has been adopted; it allows describing the process in wide ranges of operating condition and feedstocks. The developed model can be a useful tool for feedstock selection, production planning, control and optimisation. A special attention is devoted in the paper to substitutive addition reactions responsible of coke formation into the drums.

Fuel Processing Technology, 2018

Delayed coking is one of the most widely used residue upgradation process in crude oil refining where vacuum residue is thermally cracked and converted into distillates and petroleum coke. During heating of vacuum residue in coker furnace, coke is continuously deposited in furnace tubes which is removed at regular intervals by one of the three methods namely (i) pigging, (ii) steam air decoking or (iii) online spalling (OLS). OLS is one of the preferred methods of coke removal from coker furnace tubes. We have noticed very effective as well as "not so effective" OLS in a commercial delayed coker furnace. In present article, the changes in composition and properties of furnace coke during effective and ineffective OLS were systematically analyzed by various analytical tools such as Dilatometer, TGA, HRSEM, SEM-EDX and XRD. Based on these analyses, it was found that inorganic deposits such as iron sulphides and tube metal corrosion products play a major role in failure of OLS. Higher total acid number (TAN) of vacuum residue may be promoting the formation of iron sulfide deposits in furnace tube.

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2012

The design of Delayed Coking Unit of a refinery is a challenging project. This study highlights some of the design considerations in the delayed coking unit with an emphasis on process point of view and more specifically on the relief conditions of coke drums operating under an upset event which results in overpressure of coke drums.

2013

An integrated hydrotreating, steam pyrolysis and coker process for the direct processing of a crude oil is provided to produce olefinic and aromatic petrochemicals, and petroleum coke. Crude oil and recycled coker liquid product are charged to a hydroprocessing zone operating under conditions effective to produce a hydroprocessed effluent which is thermally cracked in the o presence of steam to produce a mixed product stream. The residual liquid fraction recovered upstream of the thermal cracking unit or within the thermal cracking unit is thermally cracked under conditions effective to produce coke and coker liquid product. The coker o liquid product is recycled to the step of hydroprocessing while the petroleum coke is recovered. Hydrogen from the mixed product stream is purified and recycled to the hydroprocessing zone, and olefins, aromatics and pyrolysis fuel oil are recovered from the separated mixed product stream.

The current paper examines the impact of service strategy on customer satisfaction in AirAsia Malaysia. The quantitative research method is used in the present paper; the researchers distributed 115 questionnaires to the respondents who have been traveling by AirAsia and collected 111 responses. After analyzing the data by SPSS software researchers found that two factors: food service and ground staff affect customer satisfaction, but the result shows that tangible features, flight attendance, and online service do not affect customer satisfaction in. The result of this paper contributes to the literature by improving the impact of service strategy on customer satisfaction in Air Asia Malaysia.

Encyclopedia of Protestantism, 2003

millennialism and apocalyptic beliefs in the Protestant Reformation