Delayed coking units convert heavy crude oil or topping refinery residue to more light valuable p... more Delayed coking units convert heavy crude oil or topping refinery residue to more light valuable products including diesel, gasoline and naphtha by thermal catalytic treatment. The residue from the fractionation column is to 500 o C in the furnace. The thermally treated residue enters the delayed coking tower where cracking and condensation reactions occur to produce oil gas and coke. A cascade control strategy was developed to control the pressure of the coking drum using the flow of the heater fuel as manipulated variable. The block diagrams of the systems were constructed and the process transfer functions were identified using MATLAB Black Box model. Then the overall transfer functions, the open and closed-loops, and the characteristic equations were determined, and the control systems were tuned to obtain the adjustable parameters using Routh-Hurwitz, Direct Substitution, Root locus, Nyquist, and Bode methods. The adjustable parameters were appropriately inserted into the characteristic equation for the offset investigation, stability analysis and response simulation. It is found that using of PID controller for the Primary loop provides the highest gain than P and PI controllers and also it eliminates the Offset. Indexterms: Delayed coking, Thermal cracking, Advance control.
Delayed coking units convert heavy crude oil or topping refinery residue to more light valuable p... more Delayed coking units convert heavy crude oil or topping refinery residue to more light valuable products including diesel, gasoline and naphtha by thermal catalytic treatment. The residue from the fractionation
A detailed simulation of an atmospheric distillation column was performed using Aspen Hysys V.10 ... more A detailed simulation of an atmospheric distillation column was performed using Aspen Hysys V.10 software. The model was based on data from the actual plant located in El Obeid refinery in North of Kordofan. Crude oils were described using True Boiling Point (TBP) assays and a Peng-Robinson package was used to predict thermodynamic properties. Three different types of crude oils (Nile Blend, Rawat, Thargath), and 7 blends with different proportions were selected from the previous crudes oil. The simulation results agree well with those of the industrial plant in the case of the Nile blend and the validity of the model is confirmed. The conversion ratio to high-value light products in the Atmospheric distillation tower of the Nile Blend was 31%vol, Rawat was 39.7%vol, Thargath was 24.22%vol, Mix 1 was 30.51%vol, Mix 2 was 26.62%vol, Mix 3 was 31.23%vol, Mix 4 was 28.96%vol, Mix 5 was 30.47%vol, Mix 6 was 27.97%vol and Mix 7 was 27.81%vol. The simulation results show that the blend (66.7%Nile Blend+13.3%Rawat+20%Thargath) will increase product of Off-Gas and Kerosene more than pure Nile Blend, and the blend (60%Nile Blend+20%Rawat+20%Thargath) will increase product of Off-Gas and Light Naphtha more than pure Nile Blend, and The conversion ratio to high-value light products in the Atmospheric distillation tower was converged to Nile Blend in most blends.
Delayed coking units convert heavy crude oil or topping refinery residue to more light valuable p... more Delayed coking units convert heavy crude oil or topping refinery residue to more light valuable products including diesel, gasoline and naphtha by thermal catalytic treatment. The residue from the fractionation column is to 500 o C in the furnace. The thermally treated residue enters the delayed coking tower where cracking and condensation reactions occur to produce oil gas and coke. A cascade control strategy was developed to control the pressure of the coking drum using the flow of the heater fuel as manipulated variable. The block diagrams of the systems were constructed and the process transfer functions were identified using MATLAB Black Box model. Then the overall transfer functions, the open and closed-loops, and the characteristic equations were determined, and the control systems were tuned to obtain the adjustable parameters using Routh-Hurwitz, Direct Substitution, Root locus, Nyquist, and Bode methods. The adjustable parameters were appropriately inserted into the characteristic equation for the offset investigation, stability analysis and response simulation. It is found that using of PID controller for the Primary loop provides the highest gain than P and PI controllers and also it eliminates the Offset. Indexterms: Delayed coking, Thermal cracking, Advance control.
Delayed coking units convert heavy crude oil or topping refinery residue to more light valuable p... more Delayed coking units convert heavy crude oil or topping refinery residue to more light valuable products including diesel, gasoline and naphtha by thermal catalytic treatment. The residue from the fractionation
A detailed simulation of an atmospheric distillation column was performed using Aspen Hysys V.10 ... more A detailed simulation of an atmospheric distillation column was performed using Aspen Hysys V.10 software. The model was based on data from the actual plant located in El Obeid refinery in North of Kordofan. Crude oils were described using True Boiling Point (TBP) assays and a Peng-Robinson package was used to predict thermodynamic properties. Three different types of crude oils (Nile Blend, Rawat, Thargath), and 7 blends with different proportions were selected from the previous crudes oil. The simulation results agree well with those of the industrial plant in the case of the Nile blend and the validity of the model is confirmed. The conversion ratio to high-value light products in the Atmospheric distillation tower of the Nile Blend was 31%vol, Rawat was 39.7%vol, Thargath was 24.22%vol, Mix 1 was 30.51%vol, Mix 2 was 26.62%vol, Mix 3 was 31.23%vol, Mix 4 was 28.96%vol, Mix 5 was 30.47%vol, Mix 6 was 27.97%vol and Mix 7 was 27.81%vol. The simulation results show that the blend (66.7%Nile Blend+13.3%Rawat+20%Thargath) will increase product of Off-Gas and Kerosene more than pure Nile Blend, and the blend (60%Nile Blend+20%Rawat+20%Thargath) will increase product of Off-Gas and Light Naphtha more than pure Nile Blend, and The conversion ratio to high-value light products in the Atmospheric distillation tower was converged to Nile Blend in most blends.
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