ELEVATOR

SVU-International Journal of Engineering Sciences and Applications, 2022

Elevator is very important in the real life, and it is considered as an interesting and wonderful means of transportation. This paper designs and implements a prototype of an elevator control system. The mechanical design of this prototype is presented, where the dimensions, sizes, weights, calculations, and analysis of each part are considered. Based on some calculations, the servo motor of type MG996R High Torque Metal Gear Dual Ball Bearing is selected to operate the elevator's prototype. The control circuit for the developed elevator is designed using the Arduino Uno as the main controller and the 4x4 Matrix Membrane Keypad to be the component for human interface. An experimental work is investigated with the elevator's prototype using different loads (0.3 kg, 1.0 kg, and 2.5 kg) to check and investigate its effectiveness. The results show that the performance of the developed elevator is good and satisfactory whether in the upward or downward movements.

US Patent 10407275, 2019

A sensor system for a passenger conveyance system includes a multiple of 3D sensors mounted to a movable structure within a vertical shaft and/or a horizontal shaft and a processing module in communication with the multiple of 3D sensors, the processing module operable to identify an obstruction within the horizontal or vertical shaft. Detection and control system for elevator operations Jun 10, 2016-Otis Elevator Company A sensor system for a passenger conveyance system includes a multiple of 3D sensors mounted to a movable structure within a vertical shaft and/or a horizontal shaft and a processing module in communication with the multiple of 3D sensors, the processing module operable to identify an obstruction within the horizontal or vertical shaft. Latest Otis Elevator Company Patents: ▪ Gesture controlled door opening for elevators considering angular movement and orientation ▪ Elevator network for emergency operation ▪ Elevator car door interlock ▪ Elevator service request using user device with filtered destination floor selection ▪ Elevator request authorization system for a third party

2015

This work represents a design and implementation of a elevator using PLC. It is a demonstration and a prototype for a three level elevator system control that is used as a transport device to move goods or people .The main objective is to design and implement an elevator using DC motor. It can be used to fetch car and move up/down according to input given by the programmer. Such a device can be used in industry, hotels, shopping centers, office building and airport. This paper specifically deals with programmable logic controller (PLC) as the main controlling device to regulate all the activities of the elevator. In this we mainly focus with PLC ladder logic, thus this paper describes the application of PLC for elevator control system .This control system is described with the use of SO Machine V3.1 programmable logic controller to monitor and instruct a 3-floor elevator system. It can be displayed in any windows based computer system and operators can be warned when errors occur an...

Mechatronics is a multidisciplinary field that refers to the set of skills needed in the current industry, advanced automated production and deals with robots, control systems, electronic systems. A programmable logic controller (PLC) is a type of small computer that can receive data through its input and send instructions for its output and requires input from auto-capture data points or input areas such as switches or buttons. Staircling is an old and representative language of the system with a staircase drawing based on circuit drawings. It is widely used in developing systems or software for systematic thinking controls. In this project we are going to develop a mechatronics approach for designing the programmable logic controller with ladder programming to control the elevator.

Asian Journal of Control, 2008

Statechart has been utilized as a visual formalism for the modeling of complex and interactive systems for its illuminating features on describing properties of causality, concurrency, and synchronization. This paper presents the application of satechart to the modeling, design and implementation of an elevator system, whose system behavior involves aggregating complexity of state descriptions, and imposition of underlying control policy. Based on the operational flow of an elevator, we derive the associated statechart model by looking into the inherent hierarchical structure of the elevator. The advantage of the proposed approach is the clear presentation of system behavior in terms of conditions and events that cause the transitions in system dynamics. Implementation of the controlled elevator based on the modeled statechart is also presented.

TJPRC, 2013

In modern life, elevators have become an integral part of any public or commercial complex. It does not only ease the faster movement between any two floors and provide a way for movement of disabled, but has also become a status symbol. Elevators, as usually been called as “cars” which work on a gearless traction system in which the movement of the elevator is controlled by several steel hoist ropes and a counter-weight. The weight of the car and counterweight provides sufficient traction between the sheaves and the hoist ropes so that the sheaves can grip the hoist ropes and move and hold the car without excessive slipping. The machinery to drive the elevator is located in a machine room usually directly above the elevator hoist way. Elevator controller controls the entire operation of the Dual elevator system. The proximity sensors located to sense the positions of the cars, provide the current state storing it in register. The obstruction sensors provide the status of obstruction. The elevator controller also reads the requests, if any, from any of the request positions through the flip-flops. If the door of any elevator is open, the timer signals from the elevator keep the controller informed of being busy. The control state machine receives all these signals. It is programmed to the algorithm by which it should control the system. The CSM then generates control signals for the next position and movement of the elevators. Elevators on receiving the signal address to the request, as been asked by the controller. In this work, the real-time Dual elevator controller will be modeled with Verilog HDL code using Finite-State machine (FSM) model to achieve the logic in optimized way.

This paper presenta project on design and implementation of a PLC-based controller for a 4-level elevator Feedback system. The PLC used is a Siemens with 24 inputs and 16 outputs. The design incorporates an intelligent controller that solving the stability and balance, based on algorithm and PID software solution. Some farthersuggestions on how to extend the program for control the system are offered.

Academia Engineering, 2024

Since copper plays a vital role in the transition towards carbon neutrality owing to its perfect electrical conductivity, environmental and economic advantages can be achieved by utilizing e-waste, which contains much more copper metal compared to its ores. So, the recovery of copper from e-waste is crucial for ensuring sustainability and preventing the rapid depletion of natural resources. Since the density difference between metals and plastics is high, gravity separation using a jig and a shaking table, which are known to have low capital and operating costs, can be done efficiently in large sizes, increasing the attractiveness of these methods as cost-effective pretreatment in e-waste recycling. Besides, control and optimization of separation can be achieved by understanding how particles behave in separation through detailed shape characterization at the single particle level. However, there is no study in the literature investigating the effects of particle shape on the jig separation for the recovery of copper metal from e-waste. To fill this gap, this study explores the shape effect of copper particles on the jig separation from e-waste. According to the results of jig tests after shaking table separation, obtaining a heavy jig product with 98.9% Cu recovery shows that tailing, which has low metal content and consists mostly of plastic can be removed from the system with low copper losses. Furthermore, the results of 2D shape characterization of jig products showed that the shape of the particles is as effective as their size and density in gravity separation with jig. image.png 588.18 KB