ARCHEOLOGY AND ART HISTORY

The underwater cultural heritage and its surrounding natural environment are inextricably linked, as a result of their long interdependence through millennia, but also as a result of more acute modern anthropogenic stressors. In the case of submerged prehistoric coastal settlements, coastline and sea-level changes are determinants of their state and fate. Studying a prehistoric coastal settlement requires good knowledge of the paleo-environmental and modern factors shaping its evolution. This integrated approach is crucial in informing decisions on sound conservation and management. The submerged prehistoric settlement of Pavlopetri (Municipality of Elafonissos, Region of Lakonia) lies within a NATURA 2000 Special Area of Conservation, between Vigklafia beach and the islet of Pavlopetri, amidst sandy seabeds and scattered Posidonia oceanica meadows. An ancient cemetery with carved graves lies on volcanic rocks, surrounded by sand dunes, juniper forests (Juniperus macrocarpa) and the Lake Stroggyli coastal wetland. The wider sandy coastline between Pavlopetri and Maggano is also known to host an important spawning population of the endangered sea turtle Caretta caretta.
This rich natural environment is not only part of the submerged settlement’s identity, but also an added value to the Pavlopetri visitor experience, offering opportunities for the designation of joined eco-archaeological routes and interpretation facilities. The ecocultural approach in safeguarding and promoting ancient heritage can attract a wide range of interested visitors, while offering multiple benefits to local and regional communities.
This integrated management proposal puts forward recommendations for promoting an ancient site surrounded by high ecological richness as an alternative tourist destination. Such an approach requires early consultation, collaboration and support of local authorities and communities.