Ludmila Stern

The University of New South Wales, Humanities and Languages, Faculty Member

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Phone: + (61) 2 9385 2382
Address: School of Humanities and Languages,
Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences,
UNSW Sydney,
Sydney 2052 NSW
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Papers by Ludmila Stern

Michael David-Fox, Showcasing the Great Experiment: Cultural Diplomacy and Western Visitors to the Soviet Union, 1921–1941

European History Quarterly, 2014

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The Critical Link 5

Benjamins translation library, Dec 4, 2009

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A Woman with a Camera: Soviet Espionage in Interwar France

file:///Users/ludmila/Downloads/17_Stern_Woman_with_camera_2019_.pdf

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A Woman with a Camera: Soviet Espionage in Interwar France

The Global Impacts of Russia’s Great War and Revolution, Book 2: The Wider Arc of Revolution, part 1., 2019

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What Can Domestic Courts Learn from International Courts and Tribunals about Good Practice in Interpreting?: From the Australian War Crimes Prosecutions to the International Criminal Court

T&I REVIEW, Jun 1, 2012

The Soviet myth and Western intellectuals: From attraction to action

Western Intellectuals and the Soviet Union, 1920-40, 2006

Context: The War Crimes Prosecution as

Non-English speaking witnesses in the Australian legal context: the War Crimes Prosecution as a c... more

MICHAEL DAVID-FOX. Showcasing the Great Experiment: Cultural Diplomacy and Western Visitors to the Soviet Union, 1921-1941

The American Historical Review, 2013

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Interpreting studies

The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Education, 2019

BEWARE FILM STAR! Towards a Performance and Cultural Analysis of Innokenty Smoktunovsky as Soviet Film Star

There was a contradictory relationship to popular culture and the notion of stage and screen star... more There was a contradictory relationship to popular culture and the notion of stage and screen stars in the Soviet era. On the one hand individualism was eschewed but on the other the regime needed its heroes and its model citizens. What did it mean to be a star under a regime of such contradictions? According to Richard Stites, the most popular stars in the USSR were Western actors: Chaplin, Pickford and Fairbanks. Soviet stars were different to these Western popular film stars. They were not just beautiful and glamorous, they needed to represent the ideal Soviet citizen. Innokenty Smoktunovsky was different to both the Western and the Soviet ideals. He was neither beautiful nor glamorous, nor the ideal Soviet citizen. But he did capture the mood of the epoch to become the most celebrated actor of the post War period, from the Thaw to the post-Soviet times. While Smoktunovsky’s fame initially came to him after his outstanding performance as Prince Myshkin in the production of The Idiot by Tovstonogov in the Leningrad’s Big Dramatic Theater (the current home of Lev Dodin), he became an international film star for his performance of Hamlet in Grigori Kozintsev&#39;s famed 1964 screen version of Shakespeare&#39;s play. The performance won him praise from Laurence Olivier as well as the Lenin Prize. Shakespeare experts Sir John Gielgud and Kenneth Branagh consider this work the definitive rendition of the Bard&#39;s tragic tale ranking it above Laurence Olivier’s. Smoktunovsky created a complex and unusual hero, that just like his Prince Myshkin, captured the mood of the Thaw of the 1960s with its restrained force, bitter nuance. Smoktunovsky &quot;blended together what seemed incompatible before: manly simplicity and exquisite aristocratism, kindness and caustic sarcasm, a derisive mindset and self-sacrifice&quot; (Wiki). His later cinematic roles additionally revealed his outstanding talent as a comic actor (Beware of Automobiles). The examination of Smoktunovsky’s rise to stardom and experience raise the question whether the western star theory is applicable to the Soviet and Russian context, and if so, what aspects of the Soviet phenomenon are different. It will be the first study of its kind to examine a Soviet start rather than a director of the authors’ cinema (Tarkovsky, Sokurov). This chapter seeks to examine Smoktunovsky as a Soviet star of stage and screen with particular focus on his performances in Hamlet, Beware of Automobiles and The Idiot. We examine what factors made him into a star and what this status entailed. Analysing Smoktunovsky’s status in the Soviet and post-Soviet period; the reception and rewards by the government, critics, audiences this chapter will investigate the contradictory meanings of being a film star in the Soviet era.

Legal interpreting in domestic and international courts

The Routledge Handbook of Language and Superdiversity, 2018

Legal interpreting in domestic and international courts: Responsiveness in action Domestic courts... more Legal interpreting in domestic and international courts: Responsiveness in action Domestic courts universally have been slow to respond to societal change and have achieved only limited success in incorporating participants who do not speak the language of the court (Colin, Morris 1996; Hale, Stern 2011; Morris 2001; Stern 1995). In superdiverse societies, including Australia, communication challenges in court have been heightened by the proliferation of ‘new and emerging languages’ – an official Australian term to denote the languages of recent migrant and asylum seeker communities, mainly from South Central Asia and Africa. Communication with speakers of these languages in legal settings, even through interpreters, has been problematic for several reasons, not the least the courts’ being unable to adequately address the problem of intercultural and bilingual communication and adapt their settings. It can be argued that similar problems have been addressed by international courts and tribunals (ICTs), with their added complexity of several languages being used and their unique legal and socio-political settings. Years of experience of international trials, beginning with the Nuremberg trials, have led to the creation of courtroom settings intended for multilingual communication. A complex model of multilingual communication has been developed by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) in the 1990s, with the International Criminal Court (ICC) in the early 21st century being proactive in developing these settings. How have these ICTs enable effective multilingual interactions for daily professional use inside and outside the courtroom? In the absence of a shared convention and shared knowledge, is mutual understanding in such a setting indeed achievable (Blommaert, Rampton 2011: 6)? How do interpreters and interpretation users mediate a shared meaning when ensuring communication between the French and English speaking Western-style courts and its culturally and linguistically distant defendants and witnesses who come from regions as diverse as the former Yugoslavia and the African continent? With the domestic courts as a backdrop, this chapter will examine international courtroom settings and interpreted communicative practices, paying particular attention to the role of ICTs in creating multilingual settings for effective communication. REFERENCES: Blommaert, J., Rampton, B. (2011) “Language and Superdiversity,” Language and Superdiversities, 13(2): 1-22. Colin, J., Morris, R. (1996) Interpreters and the Legal Process, Winchester: Waterside Press. Hale, S., Stern, L. (2011) “Interpreter quality and working conditions: comparing Australian and international courts of justice,” Judicial Officers&#39; Bulletin 23(9): 75-8. Morris, R. (2001) “The Eichmann and Demjanjuk Trials: A comparison,” Paper presented at the AIIC Court Interpreting Seminar, The Hague, 6 July 2001. Namakula, C. S. (2014) Language and the Right to Fair Hearing in International Criminal Trials, Springer. Stern, L. (1995) “Non-English Speaking Witnesses in the Australian Legal Context: The War Crimes Prosecution as a case study”, Law/Text/Culture 2: 6-31.

Moscou – Kazan – Oufa : Jean-Richard Bloch en 1941-1942

Revue historique, 2017

Ecrivain francais communiste, Jean-Richard Bloch etait probablement le seul intellectuel francais... more Ecrivain francais communiste, Jean-Richard Bloch etait probablement le seul intellectuel francais a avoir demande l’asile politique en URSS pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. L’experience unique de son exil sovietique, partiellement reconstituee grâce a ses notes inedites, ainsi que celles de sa femme, gardees au Departement des Manuscrits de la Bibliotheque nationale de France, commence par l’arrivee de Bloch en URSS et son sejour a Moscou (avril-octobre 1941), suivi de son evacuation vers l’Est a Kazan sous l’egide de l’Union des ecrivains sovietiques (octobre-decembre 1941), et ensuite a Oufa ou il sera mobilise par l’Internationale Communiste pour lire ses Commentaires a la Radio du Komintern a destination de la France occupee (decembre 1941-decembre 1942). Apres avoir examine brievement le developpement des relations que Bloch entretenait avec l’Union des ecrivains dans de nouvelles conditions de guerre, nous nous concentrerons sur les attentes du Komintern a l’egard de Bloch et de sa femme. La reconstruction des conditions de travail et de la qualite de vie de la « famille kominternienne » contribuera a la litterature limitee (Ceretti, Cauchy, Thorez-Vermeersch, Wieviorka) de la periode a Oufa, et fera lumiere sur les fonctions de Bloch, ainsi que son statut et ses interactions avec la direction de l’Internationale Communiste.

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Training Interpreters

Oxford Handbooks Online, 2011

Courtroom Interpreting

Oxford Handbooks Online, 2011

Des hommes d'influences: Les ambassadeurs de Staline en Europe, 1930-1939 (review)

Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History, 2004

In recent years, a number of doctoral theses have been written on Soviet relations with the West,... more In recent years, a number of doctoral theses have been written on Soviet relations with the West, notably France, in the interwar period. These studies, three of which are in French, are, coincidentally or not, by women researchers. They include La grande lueur à l’est: Les français et l’Union Soviétique, 1917–1939 (The Great Light in the East: The French and the Soviet Union, 1917–39) by Sophie Coeuré, a major study of Franco-Soviet relations during the interwar period; Croire plutôt que voir? Voyages en Russie soviétique (1919–1939) (Believing rather than Seeing? Voyages in Soviet Russia [1919–39]) by Rachel Mazuy, on French visitors to the USSR; my own Western Intellectuals and the USSR, 1920–40: From Red Square to the Left Bank; and the title under review here. All have benefited from the archival revolution that has provided important new material with which to explore Soviet relations with France. The failures of the “permanent revolution” in the 1920s created a new imperative for Soviet Russia: to survive in a hostile environment. The first Soviet diplomats, Georgii Vasil ́evich Chicherin and his team, were called on to break the isolation and foster coexistence between two seemingly irreconcilable systems; later, Soviet foreign policy became marked by the rather different style of Maksim Maksimovich Litvinov, people’s commissar of foreign affairs from 1930 to 1939. A man of the 1930s who came to symbolize the USSR’s newly respectable image, with its slogans of peace, anti-fascism, and collective security, he appears in Dullin’s book as a central and powerful figure: neither Stalin’s man nor his opponent but a complex, professionally competent, and independent-minded individual. What made Stalin trust him and work with him for a decade before ousting him in 1939? Sabine Dullin’s book is not intended to be primarily about Litvinov, though one might be tempted to suggest another title as he overshadows the other diplomats by his importance to her study. The author embarks on a detailed

The All-Union Society for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries and French Intellectuals, 1925-29

Australian Journal of Politics and History, 1999

The 1920s and 1930s were years of active personal support for the USSR by a number of eminent Fre... more The 1920s and 1930s were years of active personal support for the USSR by a number of eminent French intellectuals who assisted in the creation of an image of the USSR in French public opinion. This was largely based on their perceptions of the social, political and cultural achievements in Soviet society. Analysis of the archival, and mainly unpublished, documents of VOKS (the All-Union Society for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries) illustrate the true nature of an organisation that claimed to have been created in order to promote international cultural relations. The internal correspondence and reports reveal the mechanisms used by VOKS from its inception in order to create, foster, and manipulate relations with numerous members of the French intelligentsia. Also revealed in this paper is the leading role played by VOKS in the creation of the USSR-France "cultural" friendship societies, its policies concerning the selection and treatment of French visitors, and other features of political propaganda that have been commonly considered to belong to the period of the 1930s. 1 D. Caute, The Fellow-Travellers (London: Macmillan, 1973). 2 Fred Kupferman lists 125 books alone written as a result of travel to the USSR between the wars in his Au pays des Soviets:

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The Creation of French-Soviet Cultural Relations Voks in the 1920S and the French Intelligentsia

Journal of the Australasian Universities Language and Literature Association, 1998

It is difficult to overestimate the role that left-wing French intellectuals, mainly authors, pla... more It is difficult to overestimate the role that left-wing French intellectuals, mainly authors, played in the 1920s and 1930s in the creation of a positive image of the USSR inFrance. Their visits to the USSRwere often decisive in fonning their opinions and detennining what message they would relate to the public in the form of travel journals, newspaper articles and public addressesl. According to this infonnation, many of the visitors, especially in the 1930s, had similar impressions of an hospitable and generous reception, impressive socio-cultural and artistic achievements, a privileged place for art and culture in Soviet society, and, finally, the role of the writer in it. Some of these visitors became vocal supporters of the USSR, widely publicising their position. Due to the traditional position of importance of intellectuals in French society and their influence on public thought, their message in France reached a wider audience than in other European countries and had a stronger impact on French society.

Western Intellectuals and the Soviet Union, 1920-40

... The Soviet Myth and Western Intellectuals: From Attraction to Action 2. Comintern - The Origi... more

Sharing the responsibility for interpreting quality

La calidad de la interpretacion es quizas uno de los temas mas estudiados en el campo de la inter... more La calidad de la interpretacion es quizas uno de los temas mas estudiados en el campo de la interpretacion de conferencias. Los dos principales enfoques que han sido utilizados para evaluar la calidad han sido: por un lado, la percepcion de los usuarios y por el otro la comparacion analitica del mensaje original con el mensaje traducido (Reithofer, 2013). A pesar de que algunos estudios han investigado los diferentes factores que pueden afectar el rendimiento del interprete (ver por ejemplo Pochhacker, 1994; Cooper et al. 1982; van Besien & Meuleman, 2004), hasta el momento no se ha examinado el grado en que los usuarios/oradores perciben el impacto directo que ellos mismos pueden tener en el rendimiento del inteprete, y la responsabilidad que comparten respecto de la calidad de la interpretacion. El presente estudio intenta en moderada medida cerrar esa brecha en el conocimiento en cuanto a la relacion entre la calidad de la interpretacion y la responsabilidad de los oradores, por ...

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Investigating war crimes: the archaeological evidence [Collection of two articles.]