Papers by Kristijan Juran
Tragovima slavenske pismenosti na šibenskom području, 2024
There are few published news about the Glagolitic priests and Glagolitic literacy in the area of ... more There are few published news about the Glagolitic priests and Glagolitic literacy in the area of medieval Šibenik and its district. In this paper, we will first mention all of them with additional consideration, and then supplement them with hitherto unknown data from late medieval archival documents, the vast majority of which are stored in the two Šibenik institutions - the State Archives (DAŠI) and the Diocesan Archives (BAŠ). At the end, we will consider the significance of the corpus of Šibenik Glagolitic documents, using the usual historiographical instruments within the narrow framework of historical contextualization.
Juraj. Godišnjak Društva za očuvanje šibenske baštine Juraj Dalmatinac, 2023
Miscellanea Hadriatica et Mediterranea, 2022
The demographic history of Dalmatia and its hinterland in the late Middle Ages and the early mode... more The demographic history of Dalmatia and its hinterland in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period is significantly marked by migrations and temporary or permanent migrations of larger groups of the Morlach (Vlach) population. In this respect, the Vrana area is poorly researched, and the same can be said for the entire Zadar region, especially when it comes to the 15th and 16th centuries. With this article, we will try to fill at least part of that historiographical gap, focusing on the period from the forties of the 15th century to the beginning of the Cyprus War in 1570. In the first part of the discussion, we will consider archival news about the seasonal migrations of Morlach clans, which often came from their habitats in the Croatian hinterland to the Venetian pastures near Vrana in the winter. Then we will focus on migration processes caused by the Ottoman conquests, where we will especially follow the traces of the Morlach population known as the Vlachs of Istria or the Istrian Morlachs, which from the 1520s gave a demographic imprint to the border area of the wider Zadar hinterland, burdened by Venetian-Ottoman friction and war conflicts.
Geosciences, 2021
Throughout history, the production of lime on the Croatian islands, which are mostly made of lime... more Throughout history, the production of lime on the Croatian islands, which are mostly made of limestone and dolomite, has been an important economic activity. In the northern Dalmatian islands, which are centrally positioned on the northeastern Adriatic coast, lime was produced for local needs, but also for the purposes of construction in the nearby cities of Zadar and Šibenik. On the basis of research into various written and cartographic archival sources relating to spatial data, in addition to the results of field research, various traces of lime production have been found in the landscape of the northern Dalmatian islands. Indications of this activity in the insular karst are visible in anthropogenic forms of insular relief (lime kilns, small quarries, stone deposits) and in degraded forms of Mediterranean vegetation. This activity has also left its mark on the linguistic landscape in the form of toponyms, indicating that lime kilns were an important part of the cultural landscape.
Croatica et Slavica Iadertina, 2021
Until 1930, the present-day settlement of Pirovac was called Zlosela. Such a sudden toponymic cha... more Until 1930, the present-day settlement of Pirovac was called Zlosela. Such a sudden toponymic change was possible in the language of administration, while the older toponym remained alive for decades on an informal linguistic level. Motivational starting points for both toponyms in literature and oral tradition are interpreted in different ways, thus creating conditions for different (un) scientific views on the genesis of the settlement itself. After reviewing these opinions and interpretations, supported by quotations, the previously unpublished archival news are presented, which place the origin of Pirovac and Zlosela in the second quarter of the 15th century. Finally, the toponym Zlosela is considered in relation to similar historical and contemporary toponyms and in the context of historical-geographical circumstances in which it became an inventory of archival sources.
Croatica christiana periodica, 2020
This article delivers general information about manuscript Catasticum Benefitiorum that is presen... more This article delivers general information about manuscript Catasticum Benefitiorum that is presently kept in the Bishopric archives in Šibenik, within archival fond Nadarbine i zaklade [Endowments and foundations](HR-BAŠ-16/7). This manuscript is a cadaster of endowments of the Bishopric of Šibenik that was most probably composed in the second
half of 1460. It contains list of land properties and ecclesiastical endowments related to parish churches, chapels and altars in the Bishopric of Šibenik. Cadaster is created by the order of the Bishop of Šibenik, Urban Vignati (1454 – 1468), and probable reason for this action was the big fire of 1458, which destroyed many documents and scriptures. Therefore, the Bishop decided to register current situation, and this coincided with his first visitation to the Bishopric in 1459. This cadaster is an important historical source, especially for the church history of Šibenik. Although it contains only lists of land plots, this cadaster enables researchers to exercise various methodologies and approaches (e.g. anthroponomastics, legal history and codicology). Therefore, this manuscript deserves further detailed investigation.
Svećenici glagoljaši i njihova ostavština (ur. T. Oršolić, G. Franov-Živković), 2020
The Šibenik Bishop Vincenzo Basso wrote to the Roman Curia in 1592 that his diocese has no semina... more The Šibenik Bishop Vincenzo Basso wrote to the Roman Curia in 1592 that his diocese has no seminary and that Glagolitic priests rule in many rural parishes, and that they „read the Masses in folk language reciting Officium and serving the sacraments, which makes them ignorant.“ This situation was inherited by his successor Vincenzo Arrigoni, a Dominican from Brescia, whose episcopate mandate as bishope (1599 - 1626) was marked with work on the revival of the Catholic church and meticulously guided administration. Arrigoni paid special attention to clerical education and discipline, trying to align Roman Catholic doctrine with the simplicity of the „Illyrian“ priests and their language. Thus, in 1603 he restored the clerical school, recruiting Ivan Tomić Mrnavić for its manager. The school was short lived (it stopped working between 1621 and 1625), so it is difficult to evaluate its achievements. Other contemporary church-historical circumstances point to the conclusion that the Glagolitic priests of the Šibenik diocese were educated in part by the Friars of the Third Order of Saint Francis on the island of Prvić, and partly by the older priests in their parishes. Most of them actually came from the island of Prvić, but also from the island of Murter, which was exposed to Glagolitic influences from the northwest. Of the eight Glagolitic parishes in the Šibenik diocese in 1603, five were under the rule of the Glagolitic priests from the island of Murter – the two priests from Tisno (priests of Tisno and Murter), two from Betina (parishioners from Žirje and Prvić) and one from Jezera (parish priest in Jezera). A local pastor Jurićević glagolitized in Vodice, and the priest from Kukljica from the neighboring Zadar Archdiocese served Masses in Tribunj, while a certain Juraj Spatovich, whose origin is still unknown, glagolitized in Zloselo. On the other hand, there are few preserved glagolitic records from that period. What was left in glagolitic archives of Arrigoni's office is enclosed in a single circular and short records by which the Glagolitic priests have verified their statements in litigation. For example, in a lawsuit from 1622, signatures were recorded by the clerics Ivan Pekićević and Martin Matešić and the priests Lovre Žaknić, Petar Vučinović and Tomas Novoselić, all from the island of Murter. Some Glagolitic priests also used Croatian Cyrillic script, such as Petar Meštrović from Tisno. This is to be seen in the context of the fact that the bishop's office, when it comes to correspondence in the Croatian language, was also exposed to the influence of Croatian Cyrillic from the Southeast or the Northeast (Bosnian Hinterland). Thus, in its Croatian documents, which are just a drop in the Latin-Italian Sea of the Arrigoni's administration, an equal representation of Glagolitic, Croatian Cyrillic and Latinic scripts can be noted.
Vjesnik dalmatinskih arhiva, 2020
Previous historiographical research on grape varieties grown in late medieval Dalmatia has yielde... more Previous historiographical research on grape varieties grown in late medieval Dalmatia has yielded only a few scant news. Thus, two Dalmatian varieties were identified, tribidrag and bilca, that were used for wine production in the 15th and 16th centuries and intended (also) for the Venetian market. Tribidrag was the most prized variety of red grape, whilefor bilca, given its name, presumably gave white wine. Apart from the presence of tribidrag on the islands of Vis, Hvar and Korčula, which is known from previous literature, it was also planted in the 15th century in the Split-Trogir (Kaštela) and Šibenik areas, which we have shown in this article. Bilca, on the other hand, was registered on the Split and Šibenik land holdings. Along with bilca, other, less represented varieties were often planted, such as tikvarina, velabila, prisnopica, zelenka and poponabil, as evidenced by sources from Šibenik. Probably all of them belonged to the white grape varieties. They also seem to have thrived well in fertile and deep soil with near surface water and groundwater. Such a conclusion is indicated by the topography of Šibenik vineyards with bilca and other white varieties, which were usually raised on previously arable plots within the natural fields (Gornje and Donje polje, Polje on islands of Žirje and Murter). In all probability, Murter's dessert white wine was produced from these varieties and from such plots in the 16th century, and was mainly enjoyed by Venetian patricians and praised by many contemporaries.
Miscellanea Hadriatica et Mediterranea, 2020
U prilogu se razmatra arhivski zapis iz sredine 15. stoljeća koji je u literaturi poznat kao "kat... more U prilogu se razmatra arhivski zapis iz sredine 15. stoljeća koji je u literaturi poznat kao "katalog" ili "popis" župa i naselja Šibenske biskupije. Nije sačuvan u originalu, nego u prijepisima iz 16., 17. i 18. stoljeća. Nakon uvodnih reminiscencija na postojeću literaturu, donosi se osvrt na dataciju i provenijenciju prijepisa te rukopisnu tradiciju, potom se raščlanjuje sadržaj zapisa, a na kraju se pristupa problemu njegove recepcije u recentnoj znanstvenoj i neznanstvenoj javnosti. / The text discusses the archival record from the mid-15th century, which is known in the literature as a "catalogue" or "list" of parishes and villages of Šibenik diocese. It is not preserved in the original, but in transcripts from the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. After introductory reminiscences of the existing literature, a review of the dating and provenance of the transcript and the manuscript tradition is given, followed by the analysis of the record content. Finally, the text brings the problem of its reception in the recent scientific and non-scientific public.
Povijesni prilozi, 2020
Recent historiography has produced a number of notable works on the Venetian-Ottoman relations at... more Recent historiography has produced a number of notable works on the Venetian-Ottoman relations at the border of Trogir in the 16th century and the role of the newly settled Ottoman Morlachs in them. This paper is a contribution to understanding of these relations, with its research sensors focused primarily on so far unpublished archival data about the presence of the Morlach tribes (Katuns) in individual villages of the Trogir district during the period from 1530 to 1600. It has been noted that the majority of the newly arrived Morlachs belonged to tribal groups of Vratković, Popović and Vasarović. The tribe Vratković, which came from Herzegovina, was the most numerous. They inhabited six villages - Ljubitovica, Bristivica, Prapatnica, Dašini Doci, Vraca and Blizna. The village of their elder (Katunar) was in Ljubitovica. The tribe Popović are mentioned in 1530 in Zbičje (north-eastern part of present-day Prgomet) and later recorded in Suhi Dol and Kosmači (present-day Primorski Dolac). The tribe Vasarović was located in Trokolve, and they most probably owe their tribal name to Vasav, the father of Jacob, who in 1550 was the village's elder. Thus, the three Morlach communities demographically covered two-thirds of the settlements in the hinterland of Trogir, “behind the hills” and within the Trogir district. Perhaps future research will recognize them in the remaining thirds, for instance in Labin, Opor, Prgomet and Radošić.
Geoadria, 2019
This paper analyses the manuscript map of central and parts of northern Dalmatia by an unknown a... more This paper analyses the manuscript map of central and parts of northern Dalmatia by an unknown author in the first decade of the 16 th century. It is the oldest preserved detailed depiction of a Croatian region and is currently housed in the State Archives of Venice (Archivio di Stato di Venezia). The analysis of its geographic and toponymic data and the correlation of this data with archival sources show that its qualitative and quantitative content represents a significant advance in the visualisation of spatial reality. It is therefore a valuable cartographic record essential to historical-geographic research of Croatia and the Adriatic as the arena of centuries of military-political confrontation between the Venetian Republic, the Hungaro-Croatian Kingdom (under the Habsburg Dynasty from 1527) and the Ottoman Empire.
U radu je analizirana rukopisna karta srednje i dijela sjeverne Dalmacije nepozna-tog autora, nastala, po svoj prilici, u prvom desetljeću 16. stoljeća. Ta je karta naj-stariji sačuvani detaljni prikaz neke hrvatske regije, a pohranjena je u Državnom arhivu u Veneciji (Archivio di Stato di Venezia). Analizom geografskih i toponoma-stičkih podataka koji su u nju ugrađeni te korelacijom tih podataka s arhivskim vrelima i drugim ranonovovjekovnim kartama, utvrđeno je da je ona što se tiče kvantitete i kvalitete sadržaja činila značajan iskorak u vizualizaciji prostorne stvar-nosti. Stoga je riječ o dragocjenom kartografskom spomeniku, nezaobilaznom za povijesno-geografska istraživanja Hrvatske i Jadrana kao arene višestoljetne vojno-političke konfrontacije Mletačke Republike, Ugarsko-Hrvatskoga Kraljevstva (od 1527. pod vlašću habsburške dinastije) i Osmanskoga Carstva.
Ključne riječi: karta, Dalmacija, Hrvatska, Mletačka Republika, 16. stoljeće
Murterski godišnjak, 2017
U radu se preispituje usmena predaja i donosi niz novih ar-hivskih vijesti o dolasku korčulanskih... more U radu se preispituje usmena predaja i donosi niz novih ar-hivskih vijesti o dolasku korčulanskih kalafata na Murter i druge sjevernodalmatinske otoke u 18. stoljeću. Uvodno se razmatraju podaci o brodovima i brodograditeljima na otoku Murteru u razdoblju od 15. do 17. stoljeća, dok se u završ-nom poglavlju pažnja posvećuje općenito brodograditeljskoj djelatnosti na korčulanskim škverima potkraj 17. i u prvim desetljećima 18. stoljeća te posebno gajeti, simbolu i objektu povijesnoga prožimanja korčulanske i betinske brodogradnje. PREDUVOD Riječi što ih čitatelj upravo pogledom prati naklon su i poklon jednog " kabinetskog " povjesničara pronositeljima jadranskih i mediteranskih tradicijskih vještina, i to u nji-hovoj slavljeničkoj godini, koja im je, eto, barem dio uložena truda vratila 20. obljet-nicom murterskoga Latinskog idra i europskim priznanjem Muzeju betinske drvene brodogradnje.
This paper brings member lists of four professional groups in Šibenik – merchants, sailors, craft... more This paper brings member lists of four professional groups in Šibenik – merchants, sailors, craftsmen and medical workers – who were recorded in archival sources in the period from 1620 to 1630. The everyday life in Šibenik of that period has been characterized by a dynamic pulse of economic exchange amongst the Ottoman, Šibenik and Venetian merchants on one hand, and on the other by a steady rhythm of the internal social movements, confining laws and social status framework inherited through centuries. While merchants and sailors, as well as others, paved the paths that associated Šibenik with Ottoman continental hinterland and trans-Adriatic Italian centres, merchants left the strongest mark in the city community. These are the reasons why we separated, with special attention, these three groups of professionals in Šibenik society of that period, adding them medical professionals who, by nature of their occupation, were by default related to merchants and craftsmen. In addition, the listed professional groups were largely involved in building the middle class, so they can be viewed as crucial part of Šibenik and the most numerous part of the social pyramid, with noblemen at the top, and labourers at the bottom. Šibenik of that time had about 4.000 inhabitants, and between 5.500 and 6.000 with suburbs included. There were between 150 and 200 members of the nobility, since 18 noble families lived in the City in 1626. We recognized 64 merchants, 48 sailors, 312 craftsmen and 10 medical staff in the archives from the period 1620 – 1630, so these numbers give us an insight into representation of certain social class and professional workers in the total City population. Members of local families dominated among craftsmen and sailors, and merchants were equally represented by domestic inhabitants and those who arrived from Venice. Medical professionals – doctors, surgeons and pharmacists – were usually foreigners employed in the City. These are general observations of the data we brought in this paper. As for the comprehensive analysis, and comparative analysis at diachronic and synchronic level, they are left to be told on another occasion.
U radu se, na temelju arhivske građe šibenske provenijencije, donose novi podaci o podrijetlu i r... more U radu se, na temelju arhivske građe šibenske provenijencije, donose novi podaci o podrijetlu i rodbini prvoga kliškog sandžakbega, kojega je dosadašnja literatura poznavala kao Murat-beg Tardića. Utvrđuje se da je prezime njegove obitelji glasilo Gajdić, a ne Tardić, te da su njegov otac Mihat i djed Toma iz svojega rodnog sela Mokra u šibenskom Gornjem polju zbog turske opasnosti potkraj 15. stoljeća preselili u Šibenik. Ističe se zatim već poznata činjenica o prekograničnim susretima i skladnim odnosima između Murat-bega i njegova brata Jurja, šibenskoga kanonika i opata, što je po svoj prilici imalo izravna upliva na rješavanje graničnih sporova na šibenskoj dionici mletačko-osmanskoga pograničja tijekom dvadesetih i tridesetih godina 16. stoljeća.
The article is based on the preserved documents about the establishment, operation and dissolutio... more The article is based on the preserved documents about the establishment, operation and dissolution of Oil production cooperative in Murter. In addition to the selected chapters on its history (foundation and first year of operation, the reconstruction after World War II, renewed momentum after the global economic crisis and the final year of existence), the economic circumstances in developing cooperative are also shown, with special emphasis on the modern olive growing and oil production in Dalmatia. Thus, this article gives a story about the Cooperative and the corresponding general occasions in Murter as well as it gives a history of Dalmatian olive growing and oil production in the 19th and early 20th century (sometimes filled with details and sometimes somewhat superficial though).
Since its establishment (1910) to the dissolution (1948) the cooperative is a central point of economic life in Murter and, to some extent, to the surrounding area as well. It survived several political systems and distinct crisis in the state and regional economy, which made it one of the most resistant production cooperatives in Dalmatia and even in Yugoslavia at that time. It managed to overcome turbulent periods, the first Italian occupation (1918-1921), the World economic crisis (1929-1933) and the Second World War (1939-1945), mainly thanks to the enterprising managers, as well as the villagers, whose existence depended solely on the olive oil since the failure of wine growing in the early 20th century till the boom of tourism later in the 60ties.
The article brings copies of many documents that testify directly about the importance of local and regional cooperative and most important events in its history. A special place was given to documents that clarify the circumstances in which the cooperative ceased to exist with its assets, including the co-operative building that represents one of the fundamental symbols of identity of Murter, passing into the possession of the newly established Agricultural Cooperative (1948).
abstract Ovaj skromni prilog posvećujemo uspomeni na pokoj-nog profesora Franju Smiljanića. Među ... more abstract Ovaj skromni prilog posvećujemo uspomeni na pokoj-nog profesora Franju Smiljanića. Među historiografskim problemima koji su ga pred kraj života intrigirali jedno je od ključnih mjesta pripadalo didićima – društvenom sloju hrvatskog srednjovjekovlja o kojemu se malo zna, a još manje istražuje. Stoga nam se u ovoj posebnoj prigo-di činilo prikladnim pažnju posvetiti upravo didićima, o kojima smo u međuvremenu prikupili nešto novih vijesti. Ključne riječi: srednji vijek, didići, zadarski otoci, zadar-ska komuna, hrvatsko običajno pravo abstract This modest contribution is dedicated to the memory of the late professor Franjo Smiljanić. One of the histori-ographic issues that intrigued him by the end of his life dealt with didići – poorly known and even less explored social class from the Croatian medieval period. Therefore it seemed appropriate to pay attention to didići on this occasion, as we collected some new information in that regard in the meantime.
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Papers by Kristijan Juran
half of 1460. It contains list of land properties and ecclesiastical endowments related to parish churches, chapels and altars in the Bishopric of Šibenik. Cadaster is created by the order of the Bishop of Šibenik, Urban Vignati (1454 – 1468), and probable reason for this action was the big fire of 1458, which destroyed many documents and scriptures. Therefore, the Bishop decided to register current situation, and this coincided with his first visitation to the Bishopric in 1459. This cadaster is an important historical source, especially for the church history of Šibenik. Although it contains only lists of land plots, this cadaster enables researchers to exercise various methodologies and approaches (e.g. anthroponomastics, legal history and codicology). Therefore, this manuscript deserves further detailed investigation.
U radu je analizirana rukopisna karta srednje i dijela sjeverne Dalmacije nepozna-tog autora, nastala, po svoj prilici, u prvom desetljeću 16. stoljeća. Ta je karta naj-stariji sačuvani detaljni prikaz neke hrvatske regije, a pohranjena je u Državnom arhivu u Veneciji (Archivio di Stato di Venezia). Analizom geografskih i toponoma-stičkih podataka koji su u nju ugrađeni te korelacijom tih podataka s arhivskim vrelima i drugim ranonovovjekovnim kartama, utvrđeno je da je ona što se tiče kvantitete i kvalitete sadržaja činila značajan iskorak u vizualizaciji prostorne stvar-nosti. Stoga je riječ o dragocjenom kartografskom spomeniku, nezaobilaznom za povijesno-geografska istraživanja Hrvatske i Jadrana kao arene višestoljetne vojno-političke konfrontacije Mletačke Republike, Ugarsko-Hrvatskoga Kraljevstva (od 1527. pod vlašću habsburške dinastije) i Osmanskoga Carstva.
Ključne riječi: karta, Dalmacija, Hrvatska, Mletačka Republika, 16. stoljeće
Since its establishment (1910) to the dissolution (1948) the cooperative is a central point of economic life in Murter and, to some extent, to the surrounding area as well. It survived several political systems and distinct crisis in the state and regional economy, which made it one of the most resistant production cooperatives in Dalmatia and even in Yugoslavia at that time. It managed to overcome turbulent periods, the first Italian occupation (1918-1921), the World economic crisis (1929-1933) and the Second World War (1939-1945), mainly thanks to the enterprising managers, as well as the villagers, whose existence depended solely on the olive oil since the failure of wine growing in the early 20th century till the boom of tourism later in the 60ties.
The article brings copies of many documents that testify directly about the importance of local and regional cooperative and most important events in its history. A special place was given to documents that clarify the circumstances in which the cooperative ceased to exist with its assets, including the co-operative building that represents one of the fundamental symbols of identity of Murter, passing into the possession of the newly established Agricultural Cooperative (1948).
half of 1460. It contains list of land properties and ecclesiastical endowments related to parish churches, chapels and altars in the Bishopric of Šibenik. Cadaster is created by the order of the Bishop of Šibenik, Urban Vignati (1454 – 1468), and probable reason for this action was the big fire of 1458, which destroyed many documents and scriptures. Therefore, the Bishop decided to register current situation, and this coincided with his first visitation to the Bishopric in 1459. This cadaster is an important historical source, especially for the church history of Šibenik. Although it contains only lists of land plots, this cadaster enables researchers to exercise various methodologies and approaches (e.g. anthroponomastics, legal history and codicology). Therefore, this manuscript deserves further detailed investigation.
U radu je analizirana rukopisna karta srednje i dijela sjeverne Dalmacije nepozna-tog autora, nastala, po svoj prilici, u prvom desetljeću 16. stoljeća. Ta je karta naj-stariji sačuvani detaljni prikaz neke hrvatske regije, a pohranjena je u Državnom arhivu u Veneciji (Archivio di Stato di Venezia). Analizom geografskih i toponoma-stičkih podataka koji su u nju ugrađeni te korelacijom tih podataka s arhivskim vrelima i drugim ranonovovjekovnim kartama, utvrđeno je da je ona što se tiče kvantitete i kvalitete sadržaja činila značajan iskorak u vizualizaciji prostorne stvar-nosti. Stoga je riječ o dragocjenom kartografskom spomeniku, nezaobilaznom za povijesno-geografska istraživanja Hrvatske i Jadrana kao arene višestoljetne vojno-političke konfrontacije Mletačke Republike, Ugarsko-Hrvatskoga Kraljevstva (od 1527. pod vlašću habsburške dinastije) i Osmanskoga Carstva.
Ključne riječi: karta, Dalmacija, Hrvatska, Mletačka Republika, 16. stoljeće
Since its establishment (1910) to the dissolution (1948) the cooperative is a central point of economic life in Murter and, to some extent, to the surrounding area as well. It survived several political systems and distinct crisis in the state and regional economy, which made it one of the most resistant production cooperatives in Dalmatia and even in Yugoslavia at that time. It managed to overcome turbulent periods, the first Italian occupation (1918-1921), the World economic crisis (1929-1933) and the Second World War (1939-1945), mainly thanks to the enterprising managers, as well as the villagers, whose existence depended solely on the olive oil since the failure of wine growing in the early 20th century till the boom of tourism later in the 60ties.
The article brings copies of many documents that testify directly about the importance of local and regional cooperative and most important events in its history. A special place was given to documents that clarify the circumstances in which the cooperative ceased to exist with its assets, including the co-operative building that represents one of the fundamental symbols of identity of Murter, passing into the possession of the newly established Agricultural Cooperative (1948).