Pharmacy

Berdasarkan data Risnakes 2017, kepuasan kerja staf rumah sakit di DKI Jakarta sebagian besar di kategori sedang (50,1%) dan tinggi (25,2%). Perawat yang kepuasan kerjanya tinggi akan membantu orang lain dengan lebih antusias jauh melebihi harapan yang normal dalam pekerjaan mereka dan akan menimbulkan komitmen kepada rumah sakit tempat mereka bekerja. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan kepuasan kerja dengan komitmen organisasional pada perawat di Rumah Sakit Prikasih. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan uji chi square. Sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 104 perawat yang diambil dengan teknik proporsional sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi komitmen organisasional tinggi sebanyak 58 perawat (55,8%) dan kepuasan kerja tinggi sebanyak 52 perawat (50%), perawat dengan kepuasan kerja tinggi memiliki komitmen organisasional tinggi sebanyak 36 perawat (69,2%), dan ada hubungan antara kepuasan kerja dengan komitmen organisasional (p-value=0,010...

Malnutrition problem (under and over nutrition), known as the double burden of malnutrition, was a growing concern in developing countries, including Indonesia. The 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Survey noted a substantial increase in the proportion of these nutritional impairments. As a fundamental factor of malnutrition, nutritional knowledge was expected to be occupied not only by vulnerable groups. A transitional age group like youth, in this case undergraduate students, should also be on the radar since they carried a risk of malnutrition from adolescence into adulthood. This study aimed to assess the nutritional knowledge determinants among undergraduate students in Jakarta. This cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students in Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta. The nutritional knowledge regarding the Indonesian Guideline for Balance Diet, as well as participants’ characteristics questionnaire, was self-administered online by 235 participants usi...

Pandemi COVID-19 telah berdampak terhadap terganggunya sistem pelayanan kesehatan di Indonesia, termasuk pelayanan kesehatan bagi ibu hamil. Studi ini menganalisis dampak pandemi COVID-19 terhadap akses pelayanan kesehatan pada ibu hamil. Studi ini merupakan studi potong lintang (cross-sectional) berbasis survey online. Sampel pada studi ini adalah ibu yang hamil pada masa pandemi COVID-19, yang tinggal di wilayah Jabodetabek. Jumlah sampel yang berhasil didapatkan sebanyak 120 sampel. Hasil studi menunjukan sebesar 14,1% ibu hamil tidak lengkap melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan. Terdapat hubungan antara kelengkapan pemeriksaan kehamilan dan pekerjaan ibu dengan P = 0.047. Ibu hamil memilih rumah sakit sebagai tempat pemeriksaan kehamilan selama masa pandemi, dengan proporsi 44,1%. Terdapat hubungan antara pilihan fasilitas kesehatan dan pendidikan ibu hamil dengan nilai P = 0.019 dan jumlah anak dengan nilai P = 0.013. Perlu merancang sistem pelayanan kesehatan dengan protokol keseha...

Background & purpose: Indonesia are facing demographic dividend in the next decade, as the main responsible human resource, identification of potential factors associated to sexual-risk behavior among unmarried youth must be undertaken. This study aims to investigate the association and identify the robust predictor between peer-influence, substance use and dating with premarital sexual. Methods: A cross sectional study of the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey carried out 11,299 unmarried youth aged 15-24 year old. Result: The proportion of premarital sexual in Indonesia unmarried youth in this study was 11,5%. Based on logistics regression analysis, premarital sex was significantly associated with gender, type of residence, smoking behavior, alcohol drinking, drug usage experience, peer influence, and dating. The most robust predictor was peer influence with the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 10,91, 95% CI 9,55-12,47. Conclusion: The proportion of unmarried youth premarital sex in Indonesia remains high with peer influence as the robust predictor. Youth specific needs must tailor the education intervention.

Adolescent health services for junior high school (SMP) students are very important in the effort to create a drug-free young generation, because they are the nation's next generation who will determine the nation's future fate. The primary objective of this program is to improve students' knowledge, attitudes, and behavior about drugs and adolescent health; develop the character of healthy, drug-free teenagers; and develop junior high school students' creativity in peer education as a promotional effort to create drug-free schools. Health education, training, mentoring, monitoring, and evaluation are some of the methods used. The assessment revealed a 98.2% increase in knowledge, a 94.7% increase in attitude, and a 93% increase in behavior. At Citra Bangsa Junior High School, the youth health service program "BERSINAR" (Bersih Narkoba) has also proven to be effective as a peer companion program. The outcome of this program suggest that schools and health centers play an active role in ongoing coaching, mentoring, monitoring, and evaluation activities.

Sikap responsif seorang anak terhadap ibunya merupakan salah satu sikap yang akan terbentuk melalui pola pengasuhan. Pola asuh tidak terlepas dari karakterstik dalam diri orang tua, terlebih ibu. Karakteristik tersebut memberi warna dalam pola asuh yang diterapkan pada anak. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, studi ini bertujuan untuk meneliti hubungan antara karakteristik ibu dengan sikap responsif pada anak. Studi ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode online survey dan wawancara yang disertai observasi. Subjek studi sebanyak 88 responden. Sikap responsif anak dilihat dari reaksi yang kuat selama berinteraksi dengan ibu maupun bertutur atau berceloteh dengan ibu atau pengasuh. Sebagian besar responden berusia 18-35 tahun (64,8%), memiliki pendidikan yang rendah dan menengah (85,2%), dan tidak bekerja (84,1%). Hasil uji chi square dan regresi logistik sederhana menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara status pekerjaan ib...

Keluarga sebagai tempat pendidikan pertama sekaligus support system memiliki peranan penting dalam membantu tumbuh kembang suatu individu pada setiap tahap kehidupannya. Semua anggota keluarga dapat terpapar ancaman bahaya peredaran dan penyalahgunaan narkoba sehingga kualitas keluarga menjadi sangat penting dalam menghadapi ancaman penyalahgunaan NAPZA. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan kualitas keluarga terhadap perilaku berisiko NAPZA di UPTD Puskesmas Kecamatan Limo Kota Depok. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Analisis Data Sekunder (ADS). Data sekunder yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dipilih secara simple random sampling. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh remaja awal di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Grogol Kecamatan Limo Depok yaitu sebanyak 315 responden. Hasil penelitian ini di uji secara statistik dengan menggunakan uji Chi-square yang menunjukka...

Bermain merupakan aktivitas yang dapat mengasah kemampuan kognitif, fisik, emosional dan sosial seorang anak. Saat ini, terdapat beberapa tantangan dalam menggiatkan aktivitas bermain anak terutama di masa pandemi COVID-19 seperti pembatasan aktivitas fisik, penggunaan gadget dalam bermain serta pola pengasuhan dalam keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku bermain anak di masa pandemi COVID-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional dengan teknik purposive sampling. Samel pada penelitian ini adalah 104 pengasuh anak di Kota Depok dan Bekasi. Analisis univariat dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik sampel dan bivariat dilakukan dengan uji chi-square untuk mengetahui hubungan antar variabel. Hasil analisis menunjukan terdapat asosiasi antara hubungan kekeluargaan pengasuh dengan anak dan perilaku bermain anak  (p-value=0.001). Diharapkan orangtua dapat berperan optimal dalam pengasuhan anak sehingga dapat dicapai ...

Background: In this Digital Era, we need computer devices to simplify our tasks. Inevitably, intense work in front of monitors put our visual systems fully utilized. Vision and eye-related problems at computer display are determined as Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). In a Retail Business setting, the workers use computers to impute sales, orders, procurement, and merchandise inventories with full visual effort, without proper knowledge of computer usage best practice. This study aimed to determine the symptoms and severity of CVS among workers in a hardware store. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a total of fifty workers as generated with a total sampling technique. The CVS prevalence and severity data were collected using an online selfreported standardized questionnaire and analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of CVS among workers was 56%. The most common CVS symptoms were itching 56%, and 18% was severe, followed by blurred vision 54% with 14% was severe, and headache 54% with 28% was severe. There were significant associations between the duration of computer use, the duration of smartphone use, wearing glasses, and the viewing distance to monitor with CVS, with each P-value were <0.0001. Conclusions: Workers with 4 hours working in front of a computer, 8 hours of smartphone use, who wear corrective eyeglasses, with viewing distance from a monitor <50 cm, were the most susceptible amongst all. Suggestions for CVS preventions are health promotion that focuses on visual ergonomics working conditions, specific protection for workers using anti-glare computer monitors, blue-light filter glasses, and improve the physical ergonomics of the computer workstation.

The present study was undertaken to isolate a novel antidiabetic molecule from Swietenia macrophylla seeds. The hydroalcohol extract of Swietenia macrophylla seeds was subjected for bioassay guided isolation employing glucose utilization assay by the isolated rat hemi-diaphragm method in vitro. One tetranortriterpenoid, swietenine, isolated from the chloroform fraction exhibited significant (p < < < < < 0.01) activity and the effect was comparable to that of human insulin (p < < < < < 0.01).

Filming-rehydration and ultrasonic method were combined to prepare ethosomes as a carrier of triptolide. A laser dynamic scattering instrument was used to determine the particle size of ethosomes. The average particle size was calculated based on the measurements of five different batches of ethosomes. To determine the entrapment efficiency, free triptolide was isolated by ultracentrifugation. The concentration of triptolide was then determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). There was an inverse relation between the average size of the triptolide ethosomes and the concentration of ethanol, and the size increased as the phospholipid concentration increased; the entrapment efficiency of ethosomes increased with the increasing concentrations of ethanol and phospholipid. An optimal formulation was obtained when lecithin and ethanol were 2% (w/v) and 45% (v/v), respectively. Triptolide ethosomes exhibited a small particle size, even distribution and high entrapment efficiency (98%). Ethosomes have high entrapment efficiency, a good percutaneous permeability and qualities that make them particularly suitable to serve as a liposome drug carrier. The concentration of ethanol and phospholipids developed a positive impact on entrapment efficiency. Triptolide ethosomes with a ratio of 2% (w/v) lecithin to 45% ethanol (v/v) have, relatively, a small particle size, even distribution and high entrapment efficiency.

This research aimed to examine the effect of job satisfaction (the nature of work, promotions, awards, salary, supervision, operational procedures, benefits, co-workers, and communications) and gratitude towards organizational citizenship behavior. Samples in this study as many as 200 employees of Gojumong Restaurant. The approach taken is a quantitative approach, using multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is significant influence of variables job satisfaction and gratitude to the organizational citizenship behavior. Minor hypothesis test results showed that artifacts are three variables that significantly affect organizational citizenship behavior, namely coworkers and the communication of job satisfaction variables and gratitude. The implications of this research can provide input to the company to add a program to strengthen the relationships between employees, such as recreation, habituation communication on superiors to subordinates and vice versa, and so the reminder to always remind the gratitude like, words or pictures that can grow gratitude on each employee posted in the locker.

The aim of this study was to determine the protection effect of SNEDDS piroxicam ulcerogenic agent against malondialdehyde (MDA) level and protein expression of caspase-3, COX-1, COX-2. The research was conducted using the test animals as much as 30 male white Sprague dawley (SD) rats aged 1-2 months with a weight of 100-200 grams divided into 5 groups. Treatment was given for 28 days orally. On the 29th day blood samples were also taken for the determination of MDA (Malondialdehid) levels by Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARs) method using a visible spectrophotometer. Rats were sacrificed, then gastric organs were taken for immunohistochemical testing of caspase-3 and COX-1 expression, COX-2. The statistical analysis showed that the piroxicam SNEDDS group and the piroxicam suspension group decreased expression of the caspase-3 protein, increased COX-1 expression, decreased COX-2 and significantly decreased MDA levels. The piroxicam-containing SNEDDS (Self-Nanoemulsifying...

Awalnya ada pemikiran bahwa penargetan reseptor yang dimediasi adalah satusatunya cara untuk target obat antikanker ke situs terapi, dengan demikian, banyak peneliti telah mengembangkan konjugasi misel polimer yang direkayasa, di mana ligan melekat pada misel polimer. Namun, studi terbaru telah mengungkapkan bahwa banyak polimer terkonjugasi-obat dan nanopartikel menunjukkan sirkulasi berkepanjangan dalam darah diikuti oleh akumulasi pasif dalam tumor bahkan tanpa adanya ligan tertargetkan. Pasive Targetting pada misel polimer ke tumor padat dapat dicapai melalui efek EPR, pertama kali diidentifikasi pada tahun 1980 oleh Maeda et al. Dalam jaringan solidtumor, studi patologis, farmakologi, dan biokimia menunjukkan bahwa tumor padat pada umumnya memiliki karakteristik patofisiologi seperti sebagai hypervasculature, pembuluh darah yang tidak lengkap, sekresi faktor permeabilitas pembuluh darah merangsang ekstravasasi, dan kapiler limfatis. Pembuluh darah Tumor dewasa memiliki karakteristik seperti proporsi tinggi proliferasi sel endotel, tortuositas meningkat, defisiensi pericyte, dan pembentukan membran dasar, akibat diperlukan untuk menyediakan oksigen dan nutrisi ke