Mechatronics

Renewable Energy production is becoming more important day by day due to a rapid increase for reliable, sufficient, timely, and economic and environmentally energy production. Public awareness about environment has a great impact on choosing the renewable resources for the renewable based electricity production systems. The Commission on Environment of the Turkish Grand National Assembly approved the Kyoto Protocol on Global Warming in June 2008, which makes the importance of renewable energy one step more important for Turkey. When all the potential renewable energy sources of Turkey is considered, hydraulic and wind and solar energies can meet almost 1/3 of the total demand and a very high percentage of the electricity production in the country. However country-wide planning of production and distribution is vital just because the potential of renewable resources diversed among the geographical regions and according to the time of the year in Turkey. The current structure of Turkey's energy policies, latest developments, and renewable energy potentials has analyzed. For planning and distribution scenarios five different regions of Turkey is used for sample data in means of wind, hydro and solar renewable energy potentials. A road map and a fuzzy expert system for a possible planning and distribution road map has been proposed.

Özet: Ulaştırma alanındaki gelişmeler kıtaları, şehirleri ve sınırları insanoğlunun ticari ve sosyal alanda yakınlaşmasını sağlasa da, özellikle büyük şehirlerde ev-iş, iş-ev arasındaki ve iş yerleri arasındaki nakliye için kullanılmakta olan kara trafiğini gittikçe verimsiz bir hala getirmiştir. Özellikle trafikteki araç sayısında yaşanan artışı mevcut yolların durumu ve yeni yapılan yollar, toplu taşıma sistemleri ile karşılamak mümkün görünmemektedir. Bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmalar da sadece fiziki olarak yolların kapasiteleri ve kısmı olarak trafik lambaları yönetim, kamera sistemleri ve trafik polisleri ile de denetim yapılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışmada büyük şehirler ve otoyollar için elektronik plaka ile trafik denetimi ve yönetimi yapılabilmesi için RFID ile Elektronik Plaka uygulaması ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada RFID ve uygun frekansın seçimi, uygulama bölgeleri ve alanları, diğer sistemler ile entegrasyon ve sistemin işlemesi için gerekli ödeme fonksiyonları tanımlanmıştır. Çalışmada trafik probleminin en yoğun ve çeşitli olduğu İstanbul ili pilot bölge olarak alınmıştır.

Engineering Laboratories are one of the important issues in effective engineering education. Almost all engineering departments have several laboratory sessions included as a part of course material or appear as a separate course in the curriculum. There are different types of engineering laboratories such as machinery, equipment and tools based, computer hardware based, software based. Nowadays most of them are hybrid laboratories. Experiments conducted in these laboratories mostly need live physical interaction by the student. However some experiments may be highly dangerous to observers and contents may be too costly that prevent students to test different alternatives. There are several experiment simulation softwares in which one can set the parameters, define the problem, write the equations and get the results easily. In most of these simulations students act as an observer and do not interact the experiment physically. This paper explains and demonstrates easy to use, safe, sustainable and instantly interactive ways of making some engineering experiments with MS Kinect, in which Skeletal Tracking recognizes people and follows their actions, allowing students to actually participate in the experiment and experience all the process. Students can use their arms, hands as a feature of skeletal and face tracking; and even their voice to give commands to conduct the experiment. Virtualization of Physical Education Software (VPES) has been developed for this purpose by the authors and integrated in some basic engineering experiments.

New technological improvements and rapid development in smart devices occupied every instance of daily living. Business world using these systems since 80's. However future users of these systems nowadays students continued to educated by the traditional methods. This paper explains the new frontiers of technological tools for primary and high school education in order to improve the static education programs to support relevant strategies in order to scaffold education through organic processes. These organic processes will combine systems in order to make education a unique solution even a unique program and path for every student. To provide diversified educational content, combine different contents under a common frame and transfer them to students under teacher supervision through using effective technologies. This paper explains the term "Learning Cloud" which is an unlimited area in which all the data is kept via cloud computing architecture.

Turkey has one of the largest and fastest growing populations within the EU-27 Member States and Candidate Countries. This population growth comes with a rapid urbanization and high demand for electricity. However, Turkey's conventional energy resources are limited and this high energy demand has resulted in a high dependency on energy imports; primarily oil and natural gas. At present, around 30 per cent of the total energy demand is being met by domestic resources, while the rest originates from a diversified import-portfolio. Turkey, on the other hand, is blessed with ample renewable energy resources such as wind energy and solar energy. This paper makes a quick review of Turkish Energy outlook and emphasizes the importance of renewable energies for Turkey. Afterwards it analyzes the new era of Renewable Energy in Turkey, through the analysis of the recent advances in the legal infrastructure, latest agreements and projects for the advancement of renewable energy sector in th...

In this paper definition and technical details of E3P Enviromental Pollution Preventation Portal has been explained. The scope of the E3P Expert System is to develop an information management, sharing and controlling system, or simply an environmental pollution portal. The portal aims for collaboration, information sharing, record tracking, management of the issues for sustainable environmental health and safety. One of the major roles of the system is tracking of legal issues, coordination between different bodies such as private companies, governments, ministry of environments, and municipalities.

The timeless search for optimizing the demand and supply of any resource is one of the main issues for humanity nearly from the beginning of time. The relevant cost of adding an extra resource reacts by means of more energy requirement, more emissions, interaction with policies and market status makes is even more complicated. Optimization of demand and supply is the key to successfully solve the problem. There are various optimization algorithms in the literature and most of them uses various algorithms of iteration and some degree of randomness to find the optimum solution. Most of the metaheuristic and artificial intelligence algorithms require the randomness where to make a new decision to go forward. So this chapter is about the possible use of chaotic random numbers in the metaheuristic and artificial intelligence algorithms that requires random numbers. The authors only provide the necessary information about the algorithms instead of providing full detailed explanation of the subjects assuming the readers already have theoretical basic information.

Dealing with short term and long term production planning and scheduling has already been solved with different optimization and artificial methods and approaches. Under normal manufacturing conditions supply and demand progress controlled and supported by decision support systems, ERP and MRP software packages aiming maximum utilization of resources and minimizing the stocks aiming for JIT. These software packages becoming even more intelligent and proactive based on the data in the database systems. However all these systems start with initial assumption of under normal conditions of flow time ordering to delivering. In case of unplanned stops, failures, malfunctions, shortages of unplanned inventory levels alter these initial conditions and progress to a diverging outcomes and consequences. This paper aiming a dynamic allocation and routing of mobile resources in a manufacturing plant by reallocating them by using a modified Particle Swarm Optimization using Chaotic Randomness.

Optimization is one of the most important key factors in nowadays manufacturing processes. Since the new economic conditions forcing the competition in a multidimensional global paths, economically survival companies should improve their processes, adapt manufacturing tag times, lower their operation costs and increase the overall quality also focusing on CRM programs This paper introduces an alternative and dynamic algorithm for improving and optimizing the control of AGV's that used to transfer equipment from stock zones to manufacturing zones as a part of ordinary and unplanned Kanban operations for a vehicle manufacturing factory by using particle swarm optimization. Key success factors for this operation are decreasing tag time per car and also eliminating the waiting time for unplanned equipment transfer within the factory area.

Turkey has one of the largest and fastest growing populations within the EU-27 Member States and Candidate Countries. This population growth comes with a rapid urbanization and high demand for electricity. However, Turkey's conventional energy resources are limited and this high energy demand has resulted in a high dependency on energy imports; primarily oil and natural gas. At present, around 30 per cent of the total energy demand is being met by domestic resources, while the rest originates from a diversified import-portfolio. Turkey, on the other hand, is blessed with ample renewable energy resources such as wind energy and solar energy. This paper makes a quick review of Turkish Energy outlook and emphasizes the importance of renewable energies for Turkey. Afterwards it analyzes the new era of Renewable Energy in Turkey, through the analysis of the recent advances in the legal infrastructure, latest agreements and projects for the advancement of renewable energy sector in the country. It is accepted that the most important renewable resource of the country is the wind energy and this paper concentrates on the wind energy potential in general. One of the most significant criteria for the feasibility of the wind related investments is the grid connectivity. Since Turkey acts like a network hub between the Europe and Asia, the quality and the management of the grid and the grid connectivity of the renewable projects is important not only for this country, but for EU member states as well. Because, the Marmara region has the highest wind energy potential and it is the western most region of the country, this paper concentrates on this region as a case study. The final part of the paper analyzes the grid connectivity to Europe, EU directives and their impact on Turkey's grid management.