Frontiers of entrepreneurship research, Dec 31, 2009
Resilience, or the capacity to rebound from adversity strengthened and more resourceful, is an im... more Resilience, or the capacity to rebound from adversity strengthened and more resourceful, is an important quality for entrepreneurial teams, yet we know little about how entrepreneurial teams can foster resilience. I develop and test hypotheses about the antecedents and mechanisms for resilience in entrepreneurial teams. I argue that communal schemas in entrepreneurial teams, which entail caring for team members’ needs, foster resilience through the mechanisms of trust and creativity. Moreover, I hypothesize that contracting practices that make expectations explicit and activities transparent facilitate resilience through the mechanisms of role clarity and accountability. The hypotheses are tested in a survey of 122 entrepreneurial teams. Results support the proposed framework.
Entrepreneurial teams often operate under conditions of novelty-the lack of familiarity. Novelty ... more Entrepreneurial teams often operate under conditions of novelty-the lack of familiarity. Novelty can undermine team members' ability to develop the relational capital (trust, identification, and mutual obligation) needed for a venture to succeed. Building on research on relational schemas and the governance of interfirm relations, I argue that entrepreneurial teams can counteract the challenges of novelty by adopting communal relational schemas (caring about one another's needs) and contracting practices (making expectations explicit and transparent).
This study assessed the applicability of current theories of reliability in dynamic settings by e... more This study assessed the applicability of current theories of reliability in dynamic settings by exploring the sensemaking processes experienced by a sample of medical residents around lapses in reliability of patient care. Important differences in lapses surfaced, particularly with respect to whether actors were aware that a lapse was occurring in real-time and whether there was anything they could do or say to mitigate or prevent the lapse. In over half of the incidents recounted, the actors did not become aware of the lapse in reliability until after the consequence of the lapse had occurred or the consequence occurred simultaneously with the recognition of the lapse. In other incidents, they faced a critical moment in which they had to decide whether and how to act to intervene in real-time. In the majority of these critical moments, residents had an issue of concern to voice that could have helped mitigate or correct the lapse but instead they remained silent. Issues related to identity and relationships appeared to either inhibit or promote voice during critical moments. We end with ideas for how our findings can inform existing work on reliability in healthcare and the growing literature on voice and silence in organizations.
Why do women receive equal or better performance ratings than men in managerial assessment center... more Why do women receive equal or better performance ratings than men in managerial assessment centers even when they are structured in ways that systematically disadvantage them? This study provides the first attempt to understand this managerial assessment center gender paradox using in-depth interviews with managerial assessment center evaluators for a large semi-military governmental organization. The study revealed that the managerial assessment center was a gendered environment in which organizational practices, language used, and the underlying logic establish and reinforce men as assertive or protectors and women as weak and in need of protection. In accordance with the managerial assessment center gender paradox, women were successful at the managerial assessment center despite systemic bias against them. Interpretive analysis revealed that women candidates generate discomfort that evaluators alleviate by increased attention to the extent to which they conform to gender ideology. We coin the term ‘benevolence effect’ to describe evaluators’ tendency to over-valuate and advance women candidates who conform to traditional stereotypes of white femininity. The benevolence effect paradoxically contributes to the preservation and perpetuation of the sexual binary and the idealization of the abstract manager as male-bodied in the organization, even as it contributes to the promotion of women.
We review the literature on nonstandard work with three aims: to portray the breadth and nature o... more We review the literature on nonstandard work with three aims: to portray the breadth and nature of the research and theorizing to date, to document the challenges and opportunities this domain poses to both practice and theory, and to bring the study of nonstandard work more to the ...
This paper presents and organizes the results of two decades of research on feedback-seeking beha... more This paper presents and organizes the results of two decades of research on feedback-seeking behavior according to three motives: the instrumental motive to achieve a goal, the ego-based motive to protect one's ego, and the image-based motive to enhance and protect one's image in an organization. Each motive is discussed with reference to its impact on the frequency of feedback seeking, seeking method (whether by inquiry or monitoring), timing of feedback seeking, choice of the target of feedback seeking, and the topic on which feedback is sought. The role of context in influencing these patterns is also discussed. Issues in the literature are identified throughout, and the review ends by identifying five promising areas for future research.
This study assessed the applicability of current theories of reliability in dynamic settings by e... more This study assessed the applicability of current theories of reliability in dynamic settings by exploring the sensemaking processes experienced by a sample of medical residents around lapses in reliability of patient care. Important differences in lapses surfaced, particularly with respect to whether actors were aware that a lapse was occurring in real-time and whether there was anything they could do or say to mitigate or prevent the lapse. In over half of the incidents recounted, the actors did not become aware of the lapse in reliability until after the consequence of the lapse had occurred or the consequence occurred simultaneously with the recognition of the lapse. In other incidents, they faced a critical moment in which they had to decide whether and how to act to intervene in real-time. In the majority of these critical moments, residents had an issue of concern to voice that could have helped mitigate or correct the lapse but instead they remained silent. Issues related to identity and relationships appeared to either inhibit or promote voice during critical moments. We end with ideas for how our findings can inform existing work on reliability in healthcare and the growing literature on voice and silence in organizations.
Allies play an important role in virtually every fight to end oppression, yet are often criticize... more Allies play an important role in virtually every fight to end oppression, yet are often criticized by those they are allied with for reinforcing binaries and recreating colonial models of saviorism that maintain their relative social power. I refer to the potential of allies to both help and harm those they are allied with as the “ally paradox.” I analyze the clip “Janet Mock Rejoins Piers Morgan” from February 2014 to identify the issues at the heart of the ally paradox: who knows what is best for the cause (epistemic authority), who deserves allyship (deservingness), what constitutes “good” allyship (intention versus outcome), and how allyship should feel (affect). Paying attention to the affective and emotional components of their interaction, I ask how Mock manages the complexity of the ally-allied relationship that stems from unequal power relations. I coin the term “allied labor” to describe the work of mobilizing allies as a resource while at the same time disrupting power structures. Allied labor is the work of both cultivating and resisting allies. Mock draws on politeness and respectability as resources to educate Morgan and the public about transgender issues and expose his allyship as fragile. In this way, she is both complicit and subversive, leveraging the potential of allyship for social change while engaging in respectability politics.
This dissertation has been truly a communal effort. My committee has been a gift, each in his or ... more This dissertation has been truly a communal effort. My committee has been a gift, each in his or her way contributing to the dissertation and each providing a unique lens to evaluate my work. All are a model of excellence. Thank you to all of you for pushing me to the edge of my abilities while providing me with the support I needed. To Sue Ashford, my chair, a huge hug and thank you for six years of friendship, mentorship, co-authorship, honest advice and feedback, constructive criticism, careful editing, emotional and instrumental support, and advocacy. You have been by my side throughout this long journey and have supported me throughout its various unexpected turns. Thank you for believing in me! Thank you for all of the hard work you have invested to support me getting to this point. Thank you for making your office my second home. And especially thank you for being so generous with your support during my various setbacks. Thank you to Kathie Sutcliffe for your friendship, support, sharp constructive criticism, and inspiration. I especially appreciate your patience, resourcefulness, and helpful conversations early in the dissertation process, when my ideas were at their vaguest. I am very much inspired by your ability to contribute to a variety of research areas. Thank you to Jane Dutton for pushing my thinking and my aspirations. I appreciate your unrelenting high standards and your openness about the research process and academic life. Thank you for your interest and support of my work and for serving as a role model for bringing passion into our profession. iv Thank you to Rick Bagozzi for providing a safe and comforting space to tackle the statistical analysis involved in the dissertation. I have learned much and gained an enormous amount of confidence. Also thank you for your patience, availability, and your ability to assure me as I waded through the murky waters of my data. Thank you to Tom Kinnear for believing in the importance of this work, and for contributing your unique mix of close understanding of the entrepreneurship context and theoretical and empirical knowhow.
The Palgrave International Handbook of Israel, 2023
LGBT+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and other sexual and gender expressions) politics in Israel... more LGBT+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and other sexual and gender expressions) politics in Israel are contradictory; at times progressive, and at other times reflecting a reserved liberal policy of delimiting LGBT+ sexualities to the private sphere. Since the turn of the twenty-first century, there have been tremendous gains for LGBT+ people in Israel. These gains were produced and bolstered by neoliberal politics that manifested in a homonational discourse. Homonationalism refers to a politics of normalization through neoliberal notions of consumerism and domestication combined with national assimilation. Although Israeli neoliberal politics have translated into uneven gains for the trans community and others, the trans community continues to experience material disadvantages, violence, and discrimination, and hard-won activist gains are perpetually under threat by the anti-trans coalition. The chapter focuses on activist processes and on two institutional settings – the healthcare and education systems – to further explore privatization processes and individualist perspective on LGBT+ people. This framework is informed by the local understanding of post-homonationalism, reflecting a privatized urban belonging and normativity based on the value LGBT+ people produce for urban spaces rather than on promoting pro-LGBT+ legislation. This, once again, reflects a reserved liberal policy that addresses the specific needs of LGBT+ people while rendering them so specific as not to undermine the policy’s nationalist and homonormative import.
Why do women receive equal or better performance ratings than men in managerial assessment center... more Why do women receive equal or better performance ratings than men in managerial assessment centers even when they are structured in ways that systematically disadvantage them? This study provides the first attempt to understand this managerial assessment center gender paradox using in-depth interviews with managerial assessment center evaluators for a large semi-military governmental organization. The study revealed that the managerial assessment center was a gendered environment in which organizational practices, language used, and the underlying logic establish and reinforce men as assertive or protectors and women as weak and in need of protection. In accordance with the managerial assessment center gender paradox, women were successful at the managerial assessment center despite systemic bias against them. Interpretive analysis revealed that women candidates generate discomfort that evaluators alleviate by increased attention to the extent to which they conform to gender ideolog...
The Palgrave International Handbook of Israel, 2023
LGBT+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and other sexual and gender expressions) politics in Israel... more LGBT+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and other sexual and gender expressions) politics in Israel are contradictory; at times progressive, and at other times reflecting a reserved liberal policy of delimiting LGBT+ sexualities to the private sphere. Since the turn of the twenty-first century, there have been tremendous gains for LGBT+ people in Israel. These gains were produced and bolstered by neoliberal politics that manifested in a homonational discourse. Homonationalism refers to a politics of normalization through neoliberal notions of consumerism and domestication combined with national assimilation. Although Israeli neoliberal politics have translated into uneven gains for the trans community and others, the trans community continues to experience material disadvantages, violence, and discrimination, and hard-won activist gains are perpetually under threat by the anti-trans coalition. The chapter focuses on activist processes and on two
Why do women receive equal or better performance ratings than men in managerial assessment center... more Why do women receive equal or better performance ratings than men in managerial assessment centers even when they are structured in ways that systematically disadvantage them? This study provides the first attempt to understand this managerial assessment center gender paradox using in-depth interviews with managerial assessment center evaluators for a large semi-military governmental organization. The study revealed that the managerial assessment center was a gendered environment in which organizational practices, language used, and the underlying logic establish and reinforce men as assertive or protectors and women as weak and in need of protection. In accordance with the managerial assessment center gender paradox, women were successful at the managerial assessment center despite systemic bias against them. Interpretive analysis revealed that women candidates generate discomfort that evaluators alleviate by increased attention to the extent to which they conform to gender ideology. We coin the term 'benevolence effect' to describe evaluators' tendency to over-valuate and advance women candidates who conform to traditional stereotypes of white femininity.
The Palgrave International Handbook of Israel, 2023
LGBT+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and other sexual and gender expressions) politics in Israel... more LGBT+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and other sexual and gender expressions) politics in Israel are contradictory; at times progressive, and at other times reflecting a reserved liberal policy of delimiting LGBT+ sexualities to the private sphere. Since the turn of the twenty-first century, there have been tremendous gains for LGBT+ people in Israel. These gains were produced and bolstered by neoliberal politics that manifested in a homonational discourse. Homonationalism refers to a politics of normalization through neoliberal notions of consumerism and domestication combined with national assimilation. Although Israeli neoliberal politics have translated into uneven gains for the trans community and others, the trans community continues to experience material disadvantages, violence, and discrimination, and hard-won activist gains are perpetually under threat by the anti-trans coalition. The chapter focuses on activist processes and on two institutional settings – the healthcare and education systems – to further explore privatization processes and individualist perspective on LGBT+ people. This framework is informed by the local understanding of post-homonationalism, reflecting a privatized urban belonging and normativity based on the value LGBT+ people produce for urban spaces rather than on promoting pro-LGBT+ legislation. This, once again, reflects a reserved liberal policy that addresses the specific needs of LGBT+ people while rendering them so specific as not to undermine the policy’s nationalist and homonormative import.
Allies play an important role in virtually every fight to end oppression, yet are often criticize... more Allies play an important role in virtually every fight to end oppression, yet are often criticized by those they are allied with for reinforcing binaries and recreating colonial models of saviorism that maintain their relative social power. I refer to the potential of allies to both help and harm those they are allied with as the "ally paradox." I analyze the clip "Janet Mock Rejoins Piers Morgan" from February 2014 to identify the issues at the heart of the ally paradox: who knows what is best for the cause (epistemic authority), who deserves allyship (deservingness), what constitutes "good" allyship (intention versus outcome), and how allyship should feel (affect). Paying attention to the affective and emotional components of their interaction, I ask how Mock manages the complexity of the ally-allied relationship that stems from unequal power relations. I coin the term "allied labor" to describe the work of mobilizing allies as a resource while at the same time disrupting power structures. Allied labor is the work of both cultivating and resisting allies. Mock draws on politeness and respectability as resources to educate Morgan and the public about transgender issues and expose his allyship as fragile. In this way, she is both complicit and subversive, leveraging the potential of allyship for social change while engaging in respectability politics.
Progress in Community Health Partnerships, Dec 1, 2022
Background: Transgender, non-binary, and gender-nonconforming individuals face significant obstac... more Background: Transgender, non-binary, and gender-nonconforming individuals face significant obstacles accessing public restrooms, resulting in negative mental and physical health consequences. Objectives: We describe the Chicago Restroom Access Project, a university and community partnership aimed at reforming restroom laws in Chicago and the state of Illinois. Methods: A range of community-engagement approaches were used, including recruiting, mobilizing, and partnering with diverse stakeholders, amplifying the voices of underrepresented members of the impacted community, collecting data for evidence-based decision making, fluid membership, and diffuse leadership. Results: Outcomes included developing resources for public education, changing the City of Chicago Human Rights Ordinance, changing Illinois state law on single-occupancy restrooms, and implementing restroom reform at an educational institution. Lessons learned are also described. Conclusions: The methods and principles of this partnership provide approaches that can be used to advocate for reform and policy change for restroom access throughout the country.
Frontiers of entrepreneurship research, Dec 31, 2009
Resilience, or the capacity to rebound from adversity strengthened and more resourceful, is an im... more Resilience, or the capacity to rebound from adversity strengthened and more resourceful, is an important quality for entrepreneurial teams, yet we know little about how entrepreneurial teams can foster resilience. I develop and test hypotheses about the antecedents and mechanisms for resilience in entrepreneurial teams. I argue that communal schemas in entrepreneurial teams, which entail caring for team members’ needs, foster resilience through the mechanisms of trust and creativity. Moreover, I hypothesize that contracting practices that make expectations explicit and activities transparent facilitate resilience through the mechanisms of role clarity and accountability. The hypotheses are tested in a survey of 122 entrepreneurial teams. Results support the proposed framework.
Entrepreneurial teams often operate under conditions of novelty-the lack of familiarity. Novelty ... more Entrepreneurial teams often operate under conditions of novelty-the lack of familiarity. Novelty can undermine team members' ability to develop the relational capital (trust, identification, and mutual obligation) needed for a venture to succeed. Building on research on relational schemas and the governance of interfirm relations, I argue that entrepreneurial teams can counteract the challenges of novelty by adopting communal relational schemas (caring about one another's needs) and contracting practices (making expectations explicit and transparent).
This study assessed the applicability of current theories of reliability in dynamic settings by e... more This study assessed the applicability of current theories of reliability in dynamic settings by exploring the sensemaking processes experienced by a sample of medical residents around lapses in reliability of patient care. Important differences in lapses surfaced, particularly with respect to whether actors were aware that a lapse was occurring in real-time and whether there was anything they could do or say to mitigate or prevent the lapse. In over half of the incidents recounted, the actors did not become aware of the lapse in reliability until after the consequence of the lapse had occurred or the consequence occurred simultaneously with the recognition of the lapse. In other incidents, they faced a critical moment in which they had to decide whether and how to act to intervene in real-time. In the majority of these critical moments, residents had an issue of concern to voice that could have helped mitigate or correct the lapse but instead they remained silent. Issues related to identity and relationships appeared to either inhibit or promote voice during critical moments. We end with ideas for how our findings can inform existing work on reliability in healthcare and the growing literature on voice and silence in organizations.
Why do women receive equal or better performance ratings than men in managerial assessment center... more Why do women receive equal or better performance ratings than men in managerial assessment centers even when they are structured in ways that systematically disadvantage them? This study provides the first attempt to understand this managerial assessment center gender paradox using in-depth interviews with managerial assessment center evaluators for a large semi-military governmental organization. The study revealed that the managerial assessment center was a gendered environment in which organizational practices, language used, and the underlying logic establish and reinforce men as assertive or protectors and women as weak and in need of protection. In accordance with the managerial assessment center gender paradox, women were successful at the managerial assessment center despite systemic bias against them. Interpretive analysis revealed that women candidates generate discomfort that evaluators alleviate by increased attention to the extent to which they conform to gender ideology. We coin the term ‘benevolence effect’ to describe evaluators’ tendency to over-valuate and advance women candidates who conform to traditional stereotypes of white femininity. The benevolence effect paradoxically contributes to the preservation and perpetuation of the sexual binary and the idealization of the abstract manager as male-bodied in the organization, even as it contributes to the promotion of women.
We review the literature on nonstandard work with three aims: to portray the breadth and nature o... more We review the literature on nonstandard work with three aims: to portray the breadth and nature of the research and theorizing to date, to document the challenges and opportunities this domain poses to both practice and theory, and to bring the study of nonstandard work more to the ...
This paper presents and organizes the results of two decades of research on feedback-seeking beha... more This paper presents and organizes the results of two decades of research on feedback-seeking behavior according to three motives: the instrumental motive to achieve a goal, the ego-based motive to protect one's ego, and the image-based motive to enhance and protect one's image in an organization. Each motive is discussed with reference to its impact on the frequency of feedback seeking, seeking method (whether by inquiry or monitoring), timing of feedback seeking, choice of the target of feedback seeking, and the topic on which feedback is sought. The role of context in influencing these patterns is also discussed. Issues in the literature are identified throughout, and the review ends by identifying five promising areas for future research.
This study assessed the applicability of current theories of reliability in dynamic settings by e... more This study assessed the applicability of current theories of reliability in dynamic settings by exploring the sensemaking processes experienced by a sample of medical residents around lapses in reliability of patient care. Important differences in lapses surfaced, particularly with respect to whether actors were aware that a lapse was occurring in real-time and whether there was anything they could do or say to mitigate or prevent the lapse. In over half of the incidents recounted, the actors did not become aware of the lapse in reliability until after the consequence of the lapse had occurred or the consequence occurred simultaneously with the recognition of the lapse. In other incidents, they faced a critical moment in which they had to decide whether and how to act to intervene in real-time. In the majority of these critical moments, residents had an issue of concern to voice that could have helped mitigate or correct the lapse but instead they remained silent. Issues related to identity and relationships appeared to either inhibit or promote voice during critical moments. We end with ideas for how our findings can inform existing work on reliability in healthcare and the growing literature on voice and silence in organizations.
Allies play an important role in virtually every fight to end oppression, yet are often criticize... more Allies play an important role in virtually every fight to end oppression, yet are often criticized by those they are allied with for reinforcing binaries and recreating colonial models of saviorism that maintain their relative social power. I refer to the potential of allies to both help and harm those they are allied with as the “ally paradox.” I analyze the clip “Janet Mock Rejoins Piers Morgan” from February 2014 to identify the issues at the heart of the ally paradox: who knows what is best for the cause (epistemic authority), who deserves allyship (deservingness), what constitutes “good” allyship (intention versus outcome), and how allyship should feel (affect). Paying attention to the affective and emotional components of their interaction, I ask how Mock manages the complexity of the ally-allied relationship that stems from unequal power relations. I coin the term “allied labor” to describe the work of mobilizing allies as a resource while at the same time disrupting power structures. Allied labor is the work of both cultivating and resisting allies. Mock draws on politeness and respectability as resources to educate Morgan and the public about transgender issues and expose his allyship as fragile. In this way, she is both complicit and subversive, leveraging the potential of allyship for social change while engaging in respectability politics.
This dissertation has been truly a communal effort. My committee has been a gift, each in his or ... more This dissertation has been truly a communal effort. My committee has been a gift, each in his or her way contributing to the dissertation and each providing a unique lens to evaluate my work. All are a model of excellence. Thank you to all of you for pushing me to the edge of my abilities while providing me with the support I needed. To Sue Ashford, my chair, a huge hug and thank you for six years of friendship, mentorship, co-authorship, honest advice and feedback, constructive criticism, careful editing, emotional and instrumental support, and advocacy. You have been by my side throughout this long journey and have supported me throughout its various unexpected turns. Thank you for believing in me! Thank you for all of the hard work you have invested to support me getting to this point. Thank you for making your office my second home. And especially thank you for being so generous with your support during my various setbacks. Thank you to Kathie Sutcliffe for your friendship, support, sharp constructive criticism, and inspiration. I especially appreciate your patience, resourcefulness, and helpful conversations early in the dissertation process, when my ideas were at their vaguest. I am very much inspired by your ability to contribute to a variety of research areas. Thank you to Jane Dutton for pushing my thinking and my aspirations. I appreciate your unrelenting high standards and your openness about the research process and academic life. Thank you for your interest and support of my work and for serving as a role model for bringing passion into our profession. iv Thank you to Rick Bagozzi for providing a safe and comforting space to tackle the statistical analysis involved in the dissertation. I have learned much and gained an enormous amount of confidence. Also thank you for your patience, availability, and your ability to assure me as I waded through the murky waters of my data. Thank you to Tom Kinnear for believing in the importance of this work, and for contributing your unique mix of close understanding of the entrepreneurship context and theoretical and empirical knowhow.
The Palgrave International Handbook of Israel, 2023
LGBT+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and other sexual and gender expressions) politics in Israel... more LGBT+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and other sexual and gender expressions) politics in Israel are contradictory; at times progressive, and at other times reflecting a reserved liberal policy of delimiting LGBT+ sexualities to the private sphere. Since the turn of the twenty-first century, there have been tremendous gains for LGBT+ people in Israel. These gains were produced and bolstered by neoliberal politics that manifested in a homonational discourse. Homonationalism refers to a politics of normalization through neoliberal notions of consumerism and domestication combined with national assimilation. Although Israeli neoliberal politics have translated into uneven gains for the trans community and others, the trans community continues to experience material disadvantages, violence, and discrimination, and hard-won activist gains are perpetually under threat by the anti-trans coalition. The chapter focuses on activist processes and on two institutional settings – the healthcare and education systems – to further explore privatization processes and individualist perspective on LGBT+ people. This framework is informed by the local understanding of post-homonationalism, reflecting a privatized urban belonging and normativity based on the value LGBT+ people produce for urban spaces rather than on promoting pro-LGBT+ legislation. This, once again, reflects a reserved liberal policy that addresses the specific needs of LGBT+ people while rendering them so specific as not to undermine the policy’s nationalist and homonormative import.
Why do women receive equal or better performance ratings than men in managerial assessment center... more Why do women receive equal or better performance ratings than men in managerial assessment centers even when they are structured in ways that systematically disadvantage them? This study provides the first attempt to understand this managerial assessment center gender paradox using in-depth interviews with managerial assessment center evaluators for a large semi-military governmental organization. The study revealed that the managerial assessment center was a gendered environment in which organizational practices, language used, and the underlying logic establish and reinforce men as assertive or protectors and women as weak and in need of protection. In accordance with the managerial assessment center gender paradox, women were successful at the managerial assessment center despite systemic bias against them. Interpretive analysis revealed that women candidates generate discomfort that evaluators alleviate by increased attention to the extent to which they conform to gender ideolog...
The Palgrave International Handbook of Israel, 2023
LGBT+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and other sexual and gender expressions) politics in Israel... more LGBT+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and other sexual and gender expressions) politics in Israel are contradictory; at times progressive, and at other times reflecting a reserved liberal policy of delimiting LGBT+ sexualities to the private sphere. Since the turn of the twenty-first century, there have been tremendous gains for LGBT+ people in Israel. These gains were produced and bolstered by neoliberal politics that manifested in a homonational discourse. Homonationalism refers to a politics of normalization through neoliberal notions of consumerism and domestication combined with national assimilation. Although Israeli neoliberal politics have translated into uneven gains for the trans community and others, the trans community continues to experience material disadvantages, violence, and discrimination, and hard-won activist gains are perpetually under threat by the anti-trans coalition. The chapter focuses on activist processes and on two
Why do women receive equal or better performance ratings than men in managerial assessment center... more Why do women receive equal or better performance ratings than men in managerial assessment centers even when they are structured in ways that systematically disadvantage them? This study provides the first attempt to understand this managerial assessment center gender paradox using in-depth interviews with managerial assessment center evaluators for a large semi-military governmental organization. The study revealed that the managerial assessment center was a gendered environment in which organizational practices, language used, and the underlying logic establish and reinforce men as assertive or protectors and women as weak and in need of protection. In accordance with the managerial assessment center gender paradox, women were successful at the managerial assessment center despite systemic bias against them. Interpretive analysis revealed that women candidates generate discomfort that evaluators alleviate by increased attention to the extent to which they conform to gender ideology. We coin the term 'benevolence effect' to describe evaluators' tendency to over-valuate and advance women candidates who conform to traditional stereotypes of white femininity.
The Palgrave International Handbook of Israel, 2023
LGBT+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and other sexual and gender expressions) politics in Israel... more LGBT+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and other sexual and gender expressions) politics in Israel are contradictory; at times progressive, and at other times reflecting a reserved liberal policy of delimiting LGBT+ sexualities to the private sphere. Since the turn of the twenty-first century, there have been tremendous gains for LGBT+ people in Israel. These gains were produced and bolstered by neoliberal politics that manifested in a homonational discourse. Homonationalism refers to a politics of normalization through neoliberal notions of consumerism and domestication combined with national assimilation. Although Israeli neoliberal politics have translated into uneven gains for the trans community and others, the trans community continues to experience material disadvantages, violence, and discrimination, and hard-won activist gains are perpetually under threat by the anti-trans coalition. The chapter focuses on activist processes and on two institutional settings – the healthcare and education systems – to further explore privatization processes and individualist perspective on LGBT+ people. This framework is informed by the local understanding of post-homonationalism, reflecting a privatized urban belonging and normativity based on the value LGBT+ people produce for urban spaces rather than on promoting pro-LGBT+ legislation. This, once again, reflects a reserved liberal policy that addresses the specific needs of LGBT+ people while rendering them so specific as not to undermine the policy’s nationalist and homonormative import.
Allies play an important role in virtually every fight to end oppression, yet are often criticize... more Allies play an important role in virtually every fight to end oppression, yet are often criticized by those they are allied with for reinforcing binaries and recreating colonial models of saviorism that maintain their relative social power. I refer to the potential of allies to both help and harm those they are allied with as the "ally paradox." I analyze the clip "Janet Mock Rejoins Piers Morgan" from February 2014 to identify the issues at the heart of the ally paradox: who knows what is best for the cause (epistemic authority), who deserves allyship (deservingness), what constitutes "good" allyship (intention versus outcome), and how allyship should feel (affect). Paying attention to the affective and emotional components of their interaction, I ask how Mock manages the complexity of the ally-allied relationship that stems from unequal power relations. I coin the term "allied labor" to describe the work of mobilizing allies as a resource while at the same time disrupting power structures. Allied labor is the work of both cultivating and resisting allies. Mock draws on politeness and respectability as resources to educate Morgan and the public about transgender issues and expose his allyship as fragile. In this way, she is both complicit and subversive, leveraging the potential of allyship for social change while engaging in respectability politics.
Progress in Community Health Partnerships, Dec 1, 2022
Background: Transgender, non-binary, and gender-nonconforming individuals face significant obstac... more Background: Transgender, non-binary, and gender-nonconforming individuals face significant obstacles accessing public restrooms, resulting in negative mental and physical health consequences. Objectives: We describe the Chicago Restroom Access Project, a university and community partnership aimed at reforming restroom laws in Chicago and the state of Illinois. Methods: A range of community-engagement approaches were used, including recruiting, mobilizing, and partnering with diverse stakeholders, amplifying the voices of underrepresented members of the impacted community, collecting data for evidence-based decision making, fluid membership, and diffuse leadership. Results: Outcomes included developing resources for public education, changing the City of Chicago Human Rights Ordinance, changing Illinois state law on single-occupancy restrooms, and implementing restroom reform at an educational institution. Lessons learned are also described. Conclusions: The methods and principles of this partnership provide approaches that can be used to advocate for reform and policy change for restroom access throughout the country.
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Papers by Ruth Blatt