Papers by Ghillean Prance
Ezzi viiiXing ilouizu oi BzJUholZeXixx exceZ&a. [Biazil Nut tAzz) and Counatasú. tznuiavtpa wexz ... more Ezzi viiiXing ilouizu oi BzJUholZeXixx exceZ&a. [Biazil Nut tAzz) and Counatasú. tznuiavtpa wexz collzctzd, theÁA be.ka.ví.01 dzicnlbzd and thz pollzn iound ctinging to theÁA doual thomxx and itonzd on theÁA Izgi MU idzntiiizd. Tzmalz bzzi oi Xylocopa. iwn-taLLi [OLÒJÍQA) and malzi oi Eulama. mociahiji [ffUziz] OAZ appaAzntíy züzoJúvz pollinatou, CouAateuuL in igapb" nexxA ManauA. Vemalz bzzi oi EuplaiÃja. ieabiyxÁ. UouAzintiXt., EpiehtviÁA wmbfwuLulcuta [YabnÁjcixxÃ], EpinhoAÜ, luiMtÁna [QlivieA) and Eulaemx rUgxUa (Lz-pzleÁÁeA), <u wtll ai mole. bzzi oi EuXaema. cÁngulata [VabnÁxiiui) and Eulama rúgAÁJa OAZ appaAzntíy züzctivz pollinatou oi adult fthazil Mat tAzzi in thz Mzixo plantation nzoA Manam,. Õnly laKgz bzzi capablz oi uncuAting thz ilonal anãAozciixm can ziizctivzly pottinatz CowiattVvL on. BeAtholZetÁa.. Pollzn analyiii indinatzd that aLt bzzi captuAzd caMÁzd pollzn oi thz hoit tAzz in qu.ziti.on and had bzzn ioJvaging on i&oweAA oi ptant ipzcizi common in izcondaAy giowth.
Kew Bulletin, Sep 1, 2017
Recent collections have shown that material previously identified as Licania hoehnei Pilg. and L.... more Recent collections have shown that material previously identified as Licania hoehnei Pilg. and L. spicata Hook. f. contain two previously undescribed species. The new species L. farinacea and L. areolata are described and illustrated and a key is given for all species of Licania sensu stricto of the forests of eastern Brazil.
Acta Amazonica, Apr 1, 1972
The Gardens' bulletin Singapore, Jun 28, 2019
A correction is made for the use of the name Atuna excelsa (Jack) Kosterm. which has been erroneo... more A correction is made for the use of the name Atuna excelsa (Jack) Kosterm. which has been erroneously placed as a subspecies of A. racemosa Raf. despite being described sixteen years earlier. Atuna excelsa is restored as the correct name for this species and A. racemosa is reduced to subspecific rank. Since the holotype of Atuna racemosa is an old illustration, an epitype is proposed for this name.
Acta Amazonica, Dec 1, 1978
Four new species of Licania and two of Hirtella are described and additional notes are glven on t... more Four new species of Licania and two of Hirtella are described and additional notes are glven on three other llttle known species of Chrysobalanaceae. Ali the new species have been collected recently since 1972 when the author monographed the neotropical Chrysobalana• ceae. Three of the new species are From Amazonia, two From Panama, and one from Pactfic coastal Colom• bla confirmlng that these three-areas still have many undescribed species and are In need of further explorr.tlon.
Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 1990
Acta Amazonica, Dec 1, 1975
The Lecythidaceae of a 2500 m2 area of the secondary forest of INPA was studied. The 91 individua... more The Lecythidaceae of a 2500 m2 area of the secondary forest of INPA was studied. The 91 individuais of Lecytlúdaceae present indicated a high number of primary forest species. It is concluded that most of the area was not burnt when the original forest was cut, and the regeneration of primary forest species is much greater in areas which are not burnt over after felling. Tlús is turther supported by parallel studies of Bignonia• ceae and Meliaceae of the same area .
Acta Amazonica, Aug 1, 1972
An ethnobotanical comparison is made between the four Indian tribes the Denis, the Jamamadis, the... more An ethnobotanical comparison is made between the four Indian tribes the Denis, the Jamamadis, the Makús, and the Waikás. The data was collected during general plant collecting expeditions in the tribal areas, and is not presented as a complete ethnobotanical study of each tribe. It is a comparison of the botanical data which we were able to gather durmg short visits to each tribe. A table is given comparing the cultivated crops of each tribe• The following types of plant uses are discussed and compared: fish poisons, arrow poisons, other poisons, narcotic and hallucinogenic snuffs, coca, medicines, contraceptives, edible fruit and fungi and a few other miscellaneous plant uses. Information on the edible fungi eaten by the Waikás is presented for the first time. Various tables are given comparing the different plant uses by the four tribes. Reference is made to past observations and studies of the plants mentioned. Common to all four tribes are severa! of the most important food crops, fish poisons, some form of narcotic, arrow poisons, and various general uses of plants such as for building materiais and body paints. Each tribe has a slightly different narcotic, the Jamamadis and Denis are most similar in this respect having a tobacco based snuff, the Waikás have severa! hallucinogenic snuffs and the Makú narcotic is coca which is eaten to remove hunger pains. The arrow poisons are also different from tribe to tribe• The Jamamadis and Denis have a Strychnos based curare, the Waikás a Virola, based poison, and the Makús a Moraceae based poison in which cardiac glycosides are present. The Jamamadís and Denis are ethnobotanically the most similar of the tribes compared and they are very different from both the Waikás and the Makús. !NTRODUCTION During the year of plant collecting in Amazonian Brazil in 1971 on the collaborative program between the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia and the New York Botanical Garden, we visited four very different lndian tribes. Whi le we were in tribal areas, primarily GHILLEAN T. PRANCE B A. Kru~o;off Curator of Amazonian Botany, Thc N. Y. Botanical Gardcn
Acta Amazonica, Jun 1, 1978
William C. Steward (') Darcy Shimabukuru João Bernardi (3) Resumo Ao longo de um trecho de 2.174 ... more William C. Steward (') Darcy Shimabukuru João Bernardi (3) Resumo Ao longo de um trecho de 2.174 km do rio Solimões, partindo de Iquitos. Peru, a Manaus, Brasil, foi realizado um estudo eletroforético paia determinação da quantidade de variação genética em três taxa de leguminosas (Aeschynomene sensitiva Sw. var. amazônica Rudd, Papilionoideae; Mimosa Pigra L., Mimosoideae). A variabilidade genética foi expressa em termos de : 1) grau de polimorfismo enzimático (P'), e 2) heterozigosidade populacional média (H'). Foram examinados cinco sistemas enzimáticos : leucina-aminopeptidase (LAP), glutamato-dehidrogenase (GDH). fosfoglucomuta. se (PGM), fosfoglucoisomerase (PGI), e fosfatase ácida (AcPH). Os taxa ribeirinhos apresentam condições excepcionais para estudos experimentais sobre biologia de população e evolução. A origem, perpetuação e dinâmica de variação gênica intra e interpopulacional são usadas como indicadores de mudança evolutiva. O fluxo gênico entre essas leguminosas entomolfilicas e dispersas na água é unidirecional e linear, com fluxo regressivo mínimo por vetores de pólen. Entre as enzimas examinadas, LAP foi um monômero para todos os três taxa, com valores polimórficos baixos. AcPH, outro monômero codominante, não apresentou fração isoenzimática detectável, situação semelhante ã encontrada em sistemas PGM. PGI é um sistema muito complexo controlado por diversos loci. GDH é monomórfico, com uma faixa detectável. O polimorfismo médio para os dois taxa de Aeschynomene é 21.3% (P' = 0.213). e para Mimosa é 24.% (P' = 0.245). A heterozigosidade populacional média (estatística Nei H') variou entre 0.10 e 0.43 para Aeschynomene Esse valor foi significativamente maior para Mimosa, variando entre 0.33 e 0.50. Os índices de heterozigosidade e de similaridade genética, os padrões demográficos e a biologia, indicam uma estreita correlação entre a variabilidade genética e a estratégia adaptativa. As populações com alta probabilidade de extinção são mais homozigóticas do que aquelas com maior probabilidade de sobrevivência. A homozigosidade é favorecida em populações que sofrem perturbações ao longo do rio Solimões.
Kew Bulletin, Mar 31, 2022
The Neotropical Dichapetalaceae was last monographed by Prance (1972). Since then twenty-nine new... more The Neotropical Dichapetalaceae was last monographed by Prance (1972). Since then twenty-nine new species have been described and the known geographic distribution of many species has been much extended. The 1972 treatment is updated here with summary descriptions of all Neotropical species and keys for their identification. New information on type collections and on conservation including the IUCN Red Data status for all species is given and several older names are now lectotypified.
Brittonia, Oct 25, 2017
Recent collections from Bahia, Brazil included a new species of Panopsis from the Atlantic rainfo... more Recent collections from Bahia, Brazil included a new species of Panopsis from the Atlantic rainforest. So far it is only known with fruits, which are much larger than in most species of the genus. Panopsis magnifructa is described and compared to other species in the genus. It is only the second species of the genus known in the State of Bahia, Brazil.
Acta Amazonica, Aug 1, 1975
In 1972 the author described the new species Acioa edulis (Chrysobalanaceae) to name the Castatúa... more In 1972 the author described the new species Acioa edulis (Chrysobalanaceae) to name the Castatúa de cutia, a plant which is economically impcrtant because of its edible fruit. The original description was based on fruiting material only. Recently collected flowering material has shown that the original generic assignment was incorrect, and so it is now transferred to Couepia the correct genus, and the flowers are described for the first time. !NTRODUCTION
Acta Amazonica, Sep 1, 1980
A terminologia dos tipos d~ florestas amazônicas sujreitas a inundação Resumo Há muita confusão n... more A terminologia dos tipos d~ florestas amazônicas sujreitas a inundação Resumo Há muita confusão na literatura botânica sobre a terminologia empregada para os tipos de mata inundada temporária ou permanentemente_ É necessário criar uma terminologia mais correta em termos de coberture vegetacional, tipo de água e duração da alagação. No E!rasil, os termos várzea e igapó e Tahuampa, no Peru, têm sido atribuídos a tipos muito diferentes de mata pelos ecologistas e cientistas de outras disciplinas e até agora não têm definição correta. Neste trabalho, é tentado classificar as categorias principais de vegetação inundável.
Kew Bulletin, Apr 1, 2020
A new species, Dichapetalum stahlii, is described from Los Rios in western Ecuador. It is the nin... more A new species, Dichapetalum stahlii, is described from Los Rios in western Ecuador. It is the ninth species of the genus with fimbriate stipules. A key is provided for the seven known Ecuadorian species of the genus.
Forest Research Institute Malaysia eBooks, 1995
Trees or shrubs. Leaves simple, entire, alternate, often coriaceous. Stipules small and caducous ... more Trees or shrubs. Leaves simple, entire, alternate, often coriaceous. Stipules small and caducous to large and persistent. Inflorescences racemose, paniculate or cymose; flowers bracteate and usually 2-bracteolate. Flowers actinomorphic (with a regular symmetry) to zygomorphic (with an irregular symmetry), bisexual or unisexual (in Parastemon, plant sometimes polygamo-dioecious), markedly perigynous; receptacle short to elongate; disc always present, forming a lining to the receptacle; calyx-lobes 5, imbricate, often unequal, erect or reflexed; petals 5, imbricate, usually caducous; stamens variable, 2-60, inserted on the margin of the surface of the disc, or basally adnate to it, forming a complete circle or, in zygomorphic flowers, unilateral, all fertile or some without anthers and then often reduced to small staminodes; filaments filiform, free, connate at the base or ligulately connate, included to far exserted; anthers small, dorsifixed, longitudinally dehiscent; gynoecium (ovary) basically of three carpels and gynobasic (inferior), but usually with only one carpel fully developed, attached to the base, middle or mouth of the receptacle-tube, sessile or with a short gynophore (stalk), pubescent or villous; carpel unilocular with two ovules or bilocular with one ovule in each locule, style filiform, arising from the receptacle at the base of the carpel, stigma distinctly or indistinctly 3-lobed, ovules erect, epitropous (with micropyle directed towards the base), tenuinucellate (with thin nucellus). Fruit a dry or fleshy drupe; endocarp various, thick or thin, fibrous or bony, often with a special mechanism for seedling escape, often densely hairy inside. Seeds erect, almost without endosperm; cotyledons plano-convex, fleshy, sometimes ruminate. Distribution. A pantropical family of 17 genera and 520 species, of which over 400 in the Neotropics, 60 in Africa and 39 in Asia and the Pacific. In Sabah and Sarawak, the family is represented by 6 genera and 15 species all of which are trees. Ecology. Found mainly in lowlands both in swamp and well-drained forests, to 1500 m. The flowers are pollinated mainly by insects and in a few cases by bats, and the fruits are dispersed by birds, mammals and water. Uses. The wood is extremely hard and difficult to cut due to the presence of silica; therefore it is resistant to decay and to marine borers and is used for posts and marine piles. The wood of some species is used for general construction and firewood. The fruit of some species is 157
Nature, 2020
New Guinea is the world's largest tropical island and has fascinated naturalists for centuries 1,... more New Guinea is the world's largest tropical island and has fascinated naturalists for centuries 1,2. Home to some of the best-preserved ecosystems on the planet 3 and to intact ecological gradients-from mangroves to tropical alpine grasslands-that are unmatched in the Asia-Pacific region 4,5 , it is a globally recognized centre of biological and cultural diversity 6,7. So far, however, there has been no attempt to critically catalogue the entire vascular plant diversity of New Guinea. Here we present the first, to our knowledge, expert-verified checklist of the vascular plants of mainland New Guinea and surrounding islands. Our publicly available checklist includes 13,634 species (68% endemic), 1,742 genera and 264 families-suggesting that New Guinea is the most floristically diverse island in the world. Expert knowledge is essential for building checklists in the digital era: reliance on online taxonomic resources alone would have inflated species counts by 22%. Species discovery shows no sign of levelling off, and we discuss steps to accelerate botanical research in the 'Last Unknown' 8. Great uncertainty remains as to the number of New Guinea plant species known to science, with conflicting estimates ranging from 9,000 to 25,000 species 9,10. To narrow this range, here we catalogue the entire known vascular flora (angiosperms, gymnosperms, ferns and lycophytes) of mainland New Guinea and its surrounding islands (hereafter 'New Guinea'; Fig. 1a, Extended Data Fig. 1). We do so through a large-scale collaborative effort in which 99 plant experts verified the identity of 23,381 taxonomic names derived from 704,724 specimens (see Methods). Overall, we find that New Guinea supports 13,634 described species, 1,742 genera and 264 families of vascular plants (Supplementary Tables 1, 2). This suggests that New Guinea is the world's most floristically diverse island, with a known vascular plant flora 19% larger than the 11,488 species recorded in Madagascar 11 and 22% larger than the 11,165 species recorded in Borneo (http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org, accessed 27 April 2019). New Guinea contains almost three times the 4,598 spermatophyte species of Java 12 and 1.4 times the 9,432 vascular plant species of the Philippines 13-the only Malesian island regions for which Floras have been published. The vascular plant flora of New Guinea is divided between two political entities (Fig. 1a): Papua New Guinea, with 10,973 species, has 44% more species than Indonesian New Guinea (Papua Barat and Papua provinces), which has 7,616. Papua New Guinea also has more genera (1,654 versus 1,511) and families (260 versus 248). These differences partly arise from the lower collecting density in Indonesian New Guinea 1,2 (Fig. 1a). Nevertheless, the order of country rankings in plant diversity is unlikely to change with further collections because Papua New Guinea has a larger area, and surface area is the strongest predictor of island plant diversity 14. Our species total for Papua New Guinea differs markedly from the 29,756 species that were presented in an unverified list of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility 15 and our total number of genera for New Guinea is 28% lower than the 2,437 unverified genera reported in a previous macroecological study 16. Together, these differences underscore the need for expert validation in the digital era, which we discuss below.
Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants, 2010
Note-In this case a new combination is not necessary as this species was originally described in ... more Note-In this case a new combination is not necessary as this species was originally described in Barringtonia. 5. Barringtonia zainudiniana (El-Sherif & Latiff) Prance, comb. nov.
Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 1987
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Papers by Ghillean Prance