iii

KATA PENGANTAR

Alhamdulillah dengan mengucap puji syukur atas kehadirat Allah SWT

yang telah memberikan rahmat dan karunia-Nya sehingga penulis dapat
menyelesaikan skripsi ini dengan judul “ANALISIS SENTIMEN MENGENAI PASCA
COVID-19 PADA MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMDIYAH YOGYAKARTA”.

Penulis menyadari dalam penyusunan laporan Skripsi ini masih banyak

kekurangan dan tidak lepas dari bantuan orang lain. Penulis ingin mengucapkan
terima kasih kepada yang terhormat :

1. Allah SWT atas rahmat dan karunia-Nya

2. Kedua Orang Tua dan Trisya Ainunnisa yang telah memberikan semangat,
doa dan dukungan.
3. Bapak Cahya Damarjati,S.T, M.Eng selaku Kepala Prodi Teknologi
Informasi Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta.
4. Bapak Dr.Ir. Dwijoko Purbohadi,M.T. dan Ibu Laila Ma’arifatul Azizah
S.Kom.,M.I.M selaku Dosen Pembimbing Skripsi yang telah
membimbing, meluangkan waktu, dan memberi arahan sehingga laporan
Skripsi dapat terselesaikan dengan baik.
5. Teman-teman angkatan 2018 khususnya Muhammad Zulqoniun, dan
masih banyak lagi yang senantiasa memberikan dukungan, motivasi, serta
bantuan selama menjalani perkuliahan.
6. Para Dosen dan staf Prodi Teknologi Informasi Universitas
Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta yang telah memberikan banyak bantuan serta
ilmu selama penulis menempuh studi.
7. Penulis menyadari sepenuhnya bahwa didalam pembuatan laporan Skripsi
masih terdapat banyak kekurangan. Untuk itu saran dan kritik yang
membangun dari semua pihak sangat diharapkan oleh penulis. Harapan
penulis adalah semoga laporan Skripsi ini dapat memberikan manfaat
kepada pembaca.

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v
 DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN .................................................................................. i

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN .....................................................................................
PERNYATAAN ORIGINALITAS .............................................................................
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................. iv
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR GAMBAR............................................................................................. viii
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................. viii
INTISARI ................................................................................................................ xi
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .........................................................................................1
1.1 Latar Belakang .................................................................................................1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................................3
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian .............................................................................................4
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian ...........................................................................................4
1.5 Struktur Penulisan ............................................................................................4
BAB II .......................................................................................................................6
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA DAN LANDASAN TEORI ..............................................6
2.1 Tinjauan Pustaka .................................................................................................6
2.2 Landasan Teori ..................................................................................................10
2.2.1 Analisis Sentimen .......................................................................................10
2.2.2 Data Mining ................................................................................................11
2.2.3 Data Set .......................................................................................................11
2.2.4 Machine Learning .......................................................................................11
2.2.5 Python .........................................................................................................12
2.2.6 Google Colaboratory ...................................................................................12
2.2.7 Support Vector Machine .............................................................................13
2.2.8 Logistic Regression .....................................................................................14
2.2.9 Cross Validation..........................................................................................15
2.2.10 Confusion Metrics .....................................................................................16
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 2.2.11 Precision & Recall ....................................................................................16
2.2.11.1 Accuracy ................................................................................................17
2.2.11.2 F1-Score .................................................................................................18
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN .........................................................................19
3.1 Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ............................................................................19
3.2 Alat .....................................................................................................................19
3.3 Tahapan Penelitian .............................................................................................19
3.4 Studi Literatur ....................................................................................................20
3.5 Pengumpulan Data.............................................................................................21
3.6 Pre-Processing Data ...........................................................................................23
3.7 Pembersihan Data ..............................................................................................23
3.8 Transformasi Data ..............................................................................................23
BAB IV ....................................................................................................................24
HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ...............................................................................24
4.1 Pengambilan Data ..............................................................................................24
4.2 Pre-Processing Data...........................................................................................25
4.2.1 Data Selection .............................................................................................25
4.2.2 Data Cleaning..............................................................................................26
4.2.3 Data Transformation (Transformasi Data)..................................................27
4.3 Implementasi Algoritma ....................................................................................27
4.3.1 Klasifikasi Data ...........................................................................................27
4.3.2 Hasil Pengujian ...........................................................................................41
4.3.3 Analisis Proses dan Hasil Pengujian ...........................................................41
BAB V PENUTUP .................................................................................................48
5.1 Kesimpulan ........................................................................................................48
5.2 Saran ..................................................................................................................49
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..............................................................................................50
LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................................53

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1. Curva sederhana Support Vector Machine ................................................13

Gambar 2. Diagram sigmoid function .........................................................................15

Gambar 3. Contoh Confusion Metrics .........................................................................16

Gambar 4. Dua class Confusion Matrix .......................................................................17

Gambar 5. Tahapan penelitian .....................................................................................20

Gambar 6. Kuesioner 1 ................................................................................................22

Gambar 7. Kuesioner 2 ................................................................................................22

Gambar 8. Kuesioner 3 ................................................................................................22

Gambar 9. Kuesioner 4 ................................................................................................22

Gambar 10. Kuesioner Google Form ...........................................................................24

Gambar 11. Data sebelum melalui proses seleksi data ................................................25

Gambar 12. Data sebelum dibersihkan ........................................................................26

Gambar 13. Data yang sudah proses cleaning .............................................................26

Gambar 14. Proses import library python ....................................................................28

Gambar 15. Proses read data csv .................................................................................28

Gambar 16. Hasil proses data csv ................................................................................28

Gambar 17. Proses memanggil data kolom rating .......................................................29

Gambar 18. Hasil proses memanggil data kolom rating ..............................................29

Gambar 19. Proses pembagian data training dan data testing .....................................30

Gambar 20. Hasil dari proses pembagian data training dan data testing .....................30

Gambar 21. Pre-Processing data training dan data testing ..........................................31

Gambar 22. Proses Pre-Processing data training dan data testing ...............................31
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Gambar 23. Proses metode klasifikasi .........................................................................32

Gambar 24. Hasil proses metode klasifikasi ................................................................32

Gambar 25. Membuat prediksi menggunakan 2 metode .............................................32

Gambar 26. Mengevaluasi performa dari 2 metode.....................................................33

Gambar 27. Hasil evaluasi performa dari 2 metode ....................................................33

Gambar 28. Proses Grind Search mencari parameter terbaik ......................................33

Gambar 29. Hasil Grind Search pada metode Support Vector Machine .....................34

Gambar 30. Hasil Grind Search pada metode Logistic Regression .............................34

Gambar 31. Mencetak parameter terbaik dari kedua metode SVM dan LR ................34

Gambar 32. Hasil mencetak parameter terbaik dari SVM dan LR ..............................34

Gambar 33. Proses menghitung akurasi terbaik SVM dan LR ....................................35

Gambar 34. Hasil Proses menghitung akurasi terbaik SVM dan LR ..........................35

Gambar 35. Hasil akurasi dari klasifikasi SVM ..........................................................36

Gambar 36. Hasil akurasi dari klasifikasi LR ..............................................................36

Gambar 37. Code membuat heatmap visualisasi SVM ...............................................37

Gambar 38. Heatmap visualisasi pada SVM ...............................................................37

Gambar 39. Code membuat heatmap visualisasi LR ...................................................38

Gambar 40. Heatmap visualisasi pada LR ...................................................................38

Gambar 41. Representasi HTML SVM .......................................................................39

Gambar 42. Hasil Representasi HTML SVM ..............................................................39

Gambar 43. Representasi HTML LR ...........................................................................40

Gambar 44. Hasil representasi HTML LR ...................................................................40

Gambar 45. Hasil akurasi SVM dan LR ......................................................................41

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 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1. Atribut yang telah diseleksi ...........................................................................25

Tabel 2. Analisis ulasan algoritma SVM .....................................................................41

Tabel 3. Analisis ulasan algoritma LR .........................................................................43