Lampiran B Neraca Panas: T E T D T C T B AT
Lampiran B Neraca Panas: T E T D T C T B AT
Lampiran B Neraca Panas: T E T D T C T B AT
NERACA PANAS
Komponen A B C D Satuan
Asam Asetat -18.944 1.097 2.9E-03 2.9E-06 kJ/kmol.K (Yaws, 1999)
n-Butanol 83.877 5.7E-01 -1.7E-03 2.3E-06 kJ/kmol.K (Yaws, 1999)
n-Butil Asetat 91.175 1E+00 -2.9E-03 3.7E-06 kJ/kmol.K (Yaws, 1999)
Air 92.053 -4.0E-02 -2.1E-04 5.3E-07 kJ/kmol.K (Yaws, 1999)
Komponen Cp Satuan
Amberlyst 15 87.45 kJ/mol-C
*) Data entalpi pembentukan
T = 150℃
T = 150℃
Steam out
Fungsi : memanaskan asam asetat dari tangki penyimpanan hingga suhu 90oC
Tujuan : Menghitung kebutuhan steam untuk pemanasan
Neraca Energi
Q = ΔH
ΔH = Hout - Hin
Fi n
Komponen ∫CpdT Hin (kJ)
kg/jam kmol/jam
AA 1465.8782 24.4097 3259.2805 79558.1927881
A 14.8069 0.8219 377.4864 310.2456
Total 1480.6850 79868.4383622
Fi n
Komponen ∫CpdT Hout (kJ)
kg/jam kmol/jam
AA 1465.8782 24.4097 49909.588 1218280.11191
A 14.8069 0.8219 4888.7875 4017.9586
Total 1222298.07056
Q = ΔH
ΔH = Hout - Hin
ΔH = 1142429.63219878 kJ/jam
Q = 1142429.63219878 kJ/jam
Q=m.λ
m = Q 1142429.6322 kJ/jam
= = 540.590371551 kg/jam
λ 2113.3 kJ/kg
T = 150℃
n-Butanol n-Butanol
T = 30℃ Air Air T = 90℃
Heater 2
T = 150℃
Steam out
Neraca Energi
Q = ΔH
ΔH = Hout - Hin
Fi n
Komponen ∫CpdT Hin (kJ)
kg/jam kmol/jam
B 1990.2555 74.1230 802.4630 59480.962837
A 20.1036 1.1159 377.4864 421.2273
Total 2010.3591 59902.1901855
Fi n
Komponen ∫CpdT Hout (kJ)
Komponen ∫CpdT Hout (kJ)
kg/jam kmol/jam
B 1990.2555 74.1230 10758.951 797485.711461
A 20.1036 1.1159 4888.7875 5455.272
Total 802940.983702
Q = ΔH
ΔH = Hout - Hin
ΔH = 743038.793516653 kJ
Q = 743038.793516653 kJ
Q=m.λ
m = Q 743038.7935 kJ/jam
= = 351.60118938 kg/jam
λ 2113.3 kJ/kg
Asam Asetat
Air Produk
T = 90℃ T = 90℃
n-Butanol
Reaktor
Air
T = 50 ℃
Air Pendingin
Fungsi : Mereaksikan asam asetat dan n-butanol untuk mendapatkan n-butil asetat dengan bantuan
katalis Amberlyst 15
Tujuan : - Menghitung entalpi panas umpan reaktor
- Menghitung entalpi panas reaksi
- Menghitung entalpi panas produk keluar reaktor
- Menghitung kebutuhan pendingin
Kondisi operasi Suhu operasi = 90 o
C (isothermal)
Tekanan operasi = 1 atm
Neraca Energi
Q = ΔH
ΔH = Hout - Hin
Fi n
Komponen ∫CpdT Hin (kJ)
kg/jam kmol/jam
AA 1465.8782 24.4097 49909.588 1218280.1119
B 1990.2555 26.8507 10758.951 288885.5197
A 34.9104 1.9377 4888.787 9473.2309
K 40.0000 0.1272 5684.250 723.1893
Total 1517362.0518
Fi n
Komponen ∫CpdT Hout (kJ)
kg/jam kmol/jam
AA 21.9882 0.3661 49909.588 18274.2017
B 208.0722 2.8071 10758.951 30201.6680
BA 2792.9039 24.0436 15409.474 370499.1400
A 468.0798 25.9813 4888.787 127017.2547
K 40.0000 0.1272 5684.250 723.1893
Total 546715.4537
Q = m. Cp. ΔT
m = Q
Cp x ∆T
= 1917103.1428
83.5680
= 22940.6369 kg/jam
K 723.1893 723.1893
1517362.0518 946456.544571 1917103.14 546715.4537
Total
2463818.5964 2463818.5964
B.7 Cooler 1
Brine Water P = 1 atm
T = 5℃
P = 1 atm P = 1 atm
T = 90 ℃ T = 30℃
Asam Asetat Asam Asetat
n-Butanol n-Butanol
n-Butil Asetat Cooler 1
n-Butil Asetat
Air Air
Amberlyst 15 Amberlyst 15
P = 1 atm
T = 30℃
Brine Water
Neraca Energi
Q = ΔH
ΔH = Hout - Hin
Fi n
Komponen ∫CpdT Hin (kJ)
kg/jam kmol/jam
AA 21.9882 0.3661 49909.588 18274.2017
B 208.0722 2.8071 10758.951 30201.6680
BA 2792.9039 24.0436 15409.474 370499.1400
A 468.0798 25.9813 4888.787 127017.2547
K 40 0.1272 5684.25 723.1893
Total 3531.0441 546715.4537
Menghitung panas keluar (Hout)
Tout = 30 = 303.15 K
Tref = 25 = 298.15 K
Fi n
Komponen ∫CpdT Hout (kJ)
kg/jam kmol/jam
AA 21.9882 0.3661 3259.2805 1193.3729
B 208.0722 2.8071 802.4630 2252.6100
BA 2792.904 24.0436 1144.3892 27515.2289
A 468.0798 25.9813 377.4864 9807.6024
K 40.0000 0.1272 437.25 55.6299
Total 3491.0441 40824.4442
Menghitung kebutuhan air pendingin
Q = ΔH
ΔH = Hout - Hin
Hin = 505891.0095 kJ
Q = 505891.009455082 kJ
m = Q
Cp(∆T)
= 505891.0095
85.2250
= 5935.9461 kg/jam
n-Butanol
n-Butil Asetat n-Butanol
Air n-Butil Asetat
T = 88,482 ℃ Air T =108,96 ℃
Heater 3
T = 150℃
Steam out
Fungsi : Memanaskan asam asetat, n-butanol, n-butil asetat dan air hingga suhu 108,58 oC
Tujuan : Menghitung kebutuhan steam untuk pemanasan
Neraca Energi
Q = ΔH
ΔH = Hout - Hin
Fi n
Komponen ∫CpdT Hin (kJ)
kg/jam kmol/jam
AA 19.7894 0.3295 3259.2805 1074.036
B 187.2650 2.5264 802.4630 2027.349
BA 2513.6136 21.6392 1144.3892 24763.706
A 46.8080 2.5981 377.4864 980.7602
Total 2767.4758 28845.851
Q = ΔH
ΔH = Hout - Hin
ΔH = 559481.8330 kJ
Q = 559481.8330 kJ
Q=m.λ
m = Q 559481.8330 kJ/jam
= = 264.743213456 kg/jam
λ 2113.3 kJ/kg
QD
Qf MD
QLo
P = 1atm
T = 108,96 oC
QBr
QB
Fungsi : Memurnikan produk butil asetat dari pengotornya hingga memenuhi spesifikasi yang telah
ditentukan
Tujuan : - Menghitung kebutuhan pendingin di kondensor
- Menghitung kebutuhan stream di reboiler
T= 120.901 C = 394.051 K
Trial dianggap benar jika ∑ yi = 1
Ki = Psat/P
Psat =exp(A-B/(T+C)
Ki*xi = yi
Komponen n Xi Pi Ki αi Yi = Xi*Ki
AA 0.3295 0.0122 831.9104 1.0946 1.2697 0.0133
B 2.5264 0.0932 850.6811 1.1193 1.2983 0.1044
BA (HK) 21.6392 0.7987 655.2272 0.8621 1.0000 0.6886
A 2.5981 0.0959 1531.9951 2.0158 2.3381 0.1933
Total 27.0933 1.0000 1.000
T dicari dengan cara trial eror dan dianggap benar jika nilai dari Σ(Yi/Ki) = 1
dimana Ki = Psat P
P sat = EXP (A-B/(t+C))
αi =Ki/Kbasis
Komponen n Yd Pi Ki αi Xi = Yi/Ki
AA 0.3279 0.0698 637.0248 0.8382 1.2699 0.0833
B 2.3748 0.5059 621.8058 0.8182 1.2396 0.6183
BA (HK) 0.1082 0.0230 501.6355 0.6600 1.0000 0.0349
A 1.8836 0.4012 1156.0039 1.5211 2.3045 0.2638
Total 4.6946 1.0000 1.000
Menentukan kondisi dasar menara
T dicari dengan cara trial eror dan dianggap benar jika nilai dari Σ(Xi*Ki) = 1
dimana Ki = Psat P
P sat = EXP (A-B/(t+C))
αi =Ki/Kbasis
Komponen n Xb Pi Ki αi Yi = Xi*Ki
AA 0.0016 0.0001 923.066451 1.2146 1.2697 0.0001
B 0.1516 0.0068 960.597019 1.2639 1.3214 0.0086
BA (HK) 21.5310 0.9613 726.968151 0.9565 1.0000 0.9195
A 0.7145 0.0319 1709.81726 2.2498 2.3520 0.0718
Total 22.3988 1.0000 1.000
Rmin +1 = Σ((αD*XD)/(αD-θ))
Komponen αD Xd Xd/(α-θ )/α
AA 1.2697 0.0698 0.0698
B 1.2983 0.5059 -0.8327
BA 1.0000 0.0230 -0.0212
A 2.3381 0.4012 3.7359
Total 1.0000 2.9518
Rmin +1 = 2.9518
Rmin = 1.9518
Rop = 1,2-1,5 Rm
diambil,
Rop = 1,2 Rm = 2.3421
Menentukan komposisi cairan reflux dan uap masuk kondensor
Ro = Lo/D
Lo = Ro*D
Lo = 10.9952 kmol/jam
V = Lo+D
V = 15.6898 kmol/jam
Tref = 25 C = 298.15 K
Tdistilat = 112 C = 385.3 K
Q=m.λ
m = Q 1254141.2624 kJ/jam
= = 593.451598159 kg/jam
λ 2113.3 kJ/kg
Tabel B.6 Neraca Panas Menara Distilasi
B.7 Cooler 1
Brine Water P = 1 atm
T = 5℃
P = 1 atm P = 1 atm
T = 124 ℃ T = 30℃
Asam Asetat Asam Asetat
n-Butanol n-Butanol
n-Butil Asetat Cooler 1 n-Butil Asetat
Air Air
Asam Asetat Asam Asetat
n-Butanol n-Butanol
n-Butil Asetat Cooler 1 n-Butil Asetat
Air Air
P = 1 atm
T = 30℃
Brine Water
Neraca Energi
Q = ΔH
ΔH = Hout - Hin
Fi n
Komponen ∫CpdT Hin (kJ)
kg/jam kmol/jam
AA 0.0989 0.0016 83586.435 137.7218
B 11.2359 0.1516 16808.252 2547.8703
BA 2501.0455 21.5310 24127.579 519491.8387
A 12.8722 0.7145 7497.366 5356.7699
Total 2525.2525 527534.2008
Fi n
Komponen ∫CpdT Hout (kJ)
kg/jam kmol/jam
AA 0.0989 0.0016 3259.2805 5.3702
B 11.2359 0.1516 802.4630 121.6409
BA 2501.045 21.5310 1144.3892 24639.8875
A 12.8722 0.7145 377.4864 269.7091
Total 2525.2525 25036.6077
Q = ΔH
ΔH = Hout - Hin
Hin = 502497.5932 kJ
Q = 502497.593150464 kJ
Air pendinginan disupply menggunakan brine water dengan suhu 5 oC
Suhu air masuk = 5 C
Suhu air keluar = 30 C
Cp air = 3.409 kJ/kg-K
m = Q
Cp(∆T)
= 502497.5932
85.2250
= 5896.1290 kg/jam