Papers by Dr. Pramod Kumar
Manager - The British Journal of Administrative Management, 2022
Human resources and SMEs are an important part of research and scholarship. Though several studie... more Human resources and SMEs are an important part of research and scholarship. Though several studies are focused into large scale industries less, researcher focused into leadership and personality dimensions in SMEs. Henceforth, an examination into the effect of transformational and transitional leadership as well as varied forms of personality in developing mental contract leading to better organisational commitment between employers and employees need to be investigated. The study posed 5 hypotheses to addresses 3 research questions. This study has followed a quantitative cross sectional study design to examine the relationship between leadership, personality, and psychological contract dimensions on organisational commitment. Following a sample size of 292 senior members from 20 SMEs in the Peenya industrial Phase of Bangalore, India. The study observes a strong positive relationship between leadership, personality, and psychological contract dimensions on organisational commitment. Psychological contracts extend a partial moderation between the antecedents of organisational commitment. The study extends practical and theoretical implications to the SME sectors focusing into human resource management interventions.
Etikonomi, 2021
Industry 4.0 presents companies with new prospects to renovate industrial manufacturing processes... more Industry 4.0 presents companies with new prospects to renovate industrial manufacturing processes and increase value creation, has promised several optimizing strategies for improved business performance. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between innovation capability and employee capability
on organizational performance among Small and Medium Scale industries entrepreneurs. Following a positivist research philosophy with a quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study design, the study addressed three direct and two indirect relationships in the model. The research followed the expectation Resource-Based View Theory to test the theoretical model. Following stratified random sampling, this research using 384 SME entrepreneurs
from the Selangor state of Malaysia. The study applied Smart PLS-SEM to analyze the data. The results show that SME firms’ innovation capability and employee capability positively correlate with business performance. The study also shows the partial mediation effect of technology change on innovation capability and business performance and employee capability and
business performance. Research extends practical and theoretical implications to the stakeholders of SMEs and businesses.
Financial Crimes- A Guide to Financial Exploitation in a Digital Age; SpringerLink, 2023
Crimes have many faces, and with technology coming into play, this has been more refined and chal... more Crimes have many faces, and with technology coming into play, this has been more refined and challenging. The modern world is evolving so rapidly, and new developments ease our lives, but they also pose problems. A website serves as a more admired platform for the user to access various web apps. The Internet is clearly a valuable resource for young people, but they may also pose serious difficulties. It is quite simple to create a phoney website that seems to be the genuine website where hackers operate. This is not a small act, but if these are to be studied at large, then it shows what these small acts that make a massive impact on the global level. In the said article, the authors have tried to study the types of online frauds and how they have come up a long way and resulted in the massive financial crimes.
Measurement: Sensors , 2023
Digitization is indeed a technique that can have a massive effect at the site of generation or po... more Digitization is indeed a technique that can have a massive effect at the site of generation or point of capturing inside the food distribution chain. This article proposes three different conceptual models used to analyze the digitalization processes within the fishing industry. The WSN system is used for simulating the related power usage of a large number of sensors with the architectural approach’s detector networks. The analytical level uses time analysis to examine information collected via wearable sensors related to marine surveillance. The proposed methodology is demonstrated via a case analysis as in the fishing industry, wherein the WSN principle is assessed depending on the relevance to ocean monitoring buoys fitted with detectors. The characteristics of the snow crab collection are therefore examined in sizable data derived by ocean buoy interpretations utilizing time-series data & scatterplots. The suggested method could be viewed as an instrument that can help with supply chain management and the implementation of more effective procedures in the fisheries industry, which also is undergoing a method of digitalization marked by the adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) answers to monitor authenticity and vendor history, among several other items.
KBSCMR's Journal of Management Research, 2013
This paper explores the Marketing Mix of Pharmaceutical industry in India. Policies and
strategi... more This paper explores the Marketing Mix of Pharmaceutical industry in India. Policies and
strategies related to every aspect of 4ps or marketing mix of Pharmaceutical Companies
running their business in India are tried to find out.
In this paper it is tried to snap the Indian Pharmaceutical industry and also their evolution
and near future prospects.
Drug & pharmaceutical industry plays a vital role in the health care of the any country. The
pharmaceutical industry in India is among the most highly organized sectors. This industry
plays an important role in promoting and sustaining development in the field of global
medicine.
Marketing broadly conceived includes, making decisions about what products or services
to put on the market, who are the potential customers for these goods, how to reach the
target markets and induce them to buy, how to price the product or service to make is
attractive to these customers, and how to deliver the goods physically to the ultimate
consumers. These matters are often expressed as the four Ps of marketing: Product,
Price, Promotion and Place. We here describe these 4 Ps comprehensively relating to
Indian Pharmaceutical Industry.
Key Words: Pharmaceutical Industry, Marketing Mix, Product, price, Promotion, Place
Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research, 2014
The present research study, is based on issue of promotion mix tools used by various
corporate or... more The present research study, is based on issue of promotion mix tools used by various
corporate organizations for rural consumers. Rural market is the integration 7O% of total
national populations, low literacy level & less per capita incomes in comparison to their urban
counterpart. At the same time it also true that some of selected product category they have
monopoly over the urban markets. The rural consumers have some characteristics which is
important to be understood before study of present paper. It is necessary to simplify such a
important issue having its importance for academic purposes & corporate organizations too.
Promotional tools are used for boost of sales & awareness purposes also. In some of the FMCG
category rural market is consumer of more quantity than its demographic proportions. In the
three important product market: - a. Agri. Input b. Consumables & c. Agri. Produce these
promotion tools are used. The promotional tools are taken as important edge over other means
to increase the sales of all these category products The study will highlight all issue of rural
market and the promotional tools used in these markets by the company's'
Adhayan Vol 10 Issue 1 , 2020
This article throws some light on trends of the distribution of Pharmaceutical Products in India.... more This article throws some light on trends of the distribution of Pharmaceutical Products in India. An attempt has been made
in this paper to find the trends of distribution strategies and supply chains prevailing in the pharmaceutical industry in
India. How the pharmaceutical products reach to end-users, and what are the channel system from marketer to customer.
Generally, two types of diseases, Chronic and Acute, ask the pharmaceutical players to adopt different types of models of
supply chain or distribution for the sales of the products. A doctor prescribes drug/s for a long time in chronic diseases,
and the patient is supposed to consume it without any brand change. While in the cases of acute disease/s doctor/s
changes brands on day to day basis in practice. Cold chain management in pharmaceuticals is important to ensure that the
right quality is maintained during storage and transportation and also to meet the regulatory commitments. Regulatory
guidelines and standards around the world focus on the right storage and transportation, and adhering to these standards
is important.
Keywords: Distribution, Supply Chain Management, Pharmaceutical Industry, Cold Chain, Doctor, Patient, Medical
Representative, etc.
Adhyayan: A Journal of Management Sciences (2020); DOI: 10.21567/adhyayan.v10i1.4
Sciences, 2022
The market penetration of female-hygiene-products Indian rural women market is one of the lowest ... more The market penetration of female-hygiene-products Indian rural women market is one of the lowest in the world. The National Family Health Survey 2015-16 report shows that the usage of feminine hygiene products among Indian women is 48.5% in rural India and 77.5% in urban India. In their 2016 survey conducted on adolescent girls in the rural parts of Bihar and Jharkhand, Nielson found that though 46% of the respondents had heard about feminine hygiene products, only 28% were using them regularly. Evidence suggests that there is a lack of resources, education, and awareness about personal hygiene in rural areas of the country, as well as personal inhibitions and social taboos associated with the purchase and use of hygiene products on the market. Hence, the need for the study was felt to understand the consumer behaviour of rural women towards feminine hygiene products. The independent variables measuring the behaviour are consumer awareness, attitude, and social influence, and the dependent variable is purchase intentions. The objective of the study is to understand the impact of consumers' awareness, attitudes, and social influence on the intentions to purchase hygiene products among women in rural areas, with reference to the villages in and around Coimbatore district. The data 4795 was collected from 170 rural women residing in the study area. The results shed light on factors influencing rural women's purchase decisions relating to feminine hygiene products.
Empirical Economics Letters, 2022
In this article, 'Management Re-demarcated-Investigation and Ethical Restitution', researchers ha... more In this article, 'Management Re-demarcated-Investigation and Ethical Restitution', researchers had effort to find the necessity of Human Resource and their nature of Responses. The attempt has been made examining and resituating term Management and to discuss the necessary characteristic of Managers as a Leader, the Ethical Leader, Organisation as a whole and how followers should behave to make organisation successful. Sophisticated know-how and 'hi-tech' would unvaryingly necessitate organization to adopt 'hitouch' of people, therefore notion of management has to discoursed, reconsidered and demarcated. After observations in ancient textures and especially teachings of Swami Vivekanand and in remembrance from Bhagwat Geeta, various factors which leads to understand the term Management were shaped in the form of statement on Likert Scale.
Manager - the British Journal of Administrative Management, 2022
Human resources and SMEs are an important part of research and scholarship. Though several studie... more Human resources and SMEs are an important part of research and scholarship. Though several studies are focused into large scale industries less, researchare focused into leadership and personality dimensions in SMEs. Henceforth, an examination into the effect of transformational and transitional leadership as well as varied forms of personality in developing mental contract leading to better organisational commitment between employers and employees need to be investigated. The study posed 5 hypotheses to addresses 3 research questions. This study has followed a quantitative cross sectional study design to examine the relationship between leadership, personality, and psychological contract dimensions on organisational commitment. Following a sample size of 292 senior members from 20 SMEs in the Peenya industrial Phase of Bangalore, India. The study observes a strong positive relationship between leadership, personality, and psychological contract dimensions on organisational commitment. Psychological contracts extend a partial moderation between the antecedents of organisational commitment. The study extends practical and theoretical implications to the SME sectors focusing into human resource management interventions.
Mcmillan Publishers India Ltd- Women Entrepreneurs: Problems & Prospects in India, 2010
Etikonomi, 2021
Industry 4.0 presents companies with new prospects to renovate
industrial manufacturing process... more Industry 4.0 presents companies with new prospects to renovate
industrial manufacturing processes and increase value creation,
has promised several optimizing strategies for improved business
performance. The purpose of this research is to examine the
relationship between innovation capability and employee capability
on organizational performance among Small and Medium Scale
industries entrepreneurs. Following a positivist research philosophy
with a quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study design, the
study addressed three direct and two indirect relationships in
the model. The research followed the expectation Resource-Based
View Theory to test the theoretical model. Following stratified
random sampling, this research using 384 SME entrepreneurs
from the Selangor state of Malaysia. The study applied Smart
PLS-SEM to analyze the data. The results show that SME
firms’ innovation capability and employee capability positively
correlate with business performance. The study also shows the
partial mediation effect of technology change on innovation
capability and business performance and employee capability and
business performance. Research extends practical and theoretical
implications to the stakeholders of SMEs and businesses.
Keywords:
innovation capability, employee capability, business performance,
small and medium scale industries
Review of Research , 2019
This piece of research is from my PhD thesis. The information based is on data collected at the t... more This piece of research is from my PhD thesis. The information based is on data collected at the time of research. This article encompasses the concepts and reasoning behind major ethical considerations that influence business decisions which can be used in pharmaceutical marketing. An attempt is made in this paper to understand the frameworks of ethics in business decisions. Ethics is the central part of success of any business of repute. The longevity of any business is strongly influenced by values and culture, the business enterprise, and people practice.
The various parameters of ethical behaviours and decisions are examined in this paper. The main guiding frameworks of every decision are consequence based thinking, duty based thinking, and virtue based thinking. Decisions are generally influenced by individual factors, organisational setting, and available opportunities.
Pharmaceutical companies have a duty to uphold an ethical relationship within the
marketplace. There is a duty of care to the health and safety of all. Issues are raised that as pharmaceutical companies have a large investment to protect and stakeholders to please, how we ensure that an ethical standard is upheld.
The actions of the Pharmaceutical companies should be based on Value Based Management System and the actions of the managers should be guided by the Ethical Behaviour equations. The guiding frameworks of thinking according to Culture, Context, Content and Time may help managers and decision makers to decide ethically. Moreover when prior from examining the nature of problem whether it is ethical, when decision making process will be screened by the ethical norm’s and
principles of decision making the chances of being acceptable by the stakeholders and the general public is more and the organization would succeed not only in the terms of sales and profit but a responsible corporate to society also.
Vidyabharati International Interdisciplinary Research Journal , 2021
Innovation is pre-requisite for survival, growth and a weapon to escape discontinuity. Innovation... more Innovation is pre-requisite for survival, growth and a weapon to escape discontinuity. Innovation follows creativity
which is not limited to few, whereas it flows from everywhere. Most of the creativity dies its own death for scarcity of
funds. Crowdfunding is a novel way of funding such innovative and creative projects by enabling crowd to be part of
the innovation they like and democratizing the access of funds to the project creators. The small scale and novice
entrepreneurs with a creative business idea but no past business records can give wings to her dreams by opting
crowdfunding. The paper attempts to aware the fund- seeker as to how this phenomenon can raise funds through
crowdfunding platforms as an intermediary. The crowdfunding platforms’ perception towards crowdfunding is also
analyzed to check on its viability and preparedness of people to accept this disruptive mechanism of funding. The
article also studies various successful crowdfunding campaigns based on different criteria of projects on select
crowdfunding platforms. Crowdfunding is seen as complementing the efforts of entrepreneurial promotion and
inclusive growth particularly in developing and emerging economies.
Qualitative and Quantitative Research Review, 2020
The major purpose of this particular research is to decide the aspects inducing university or
i... more The major purpose of this particular research is to decide the aspects inducing university or
institution choice of decision in LTZ University, Bihar. Extreme market competition in the
higher education sector in India has imposed many higher education institution to
become “entrepreneurial” and apply promotion plans in hiring scholars from local,
national and globally. Tom explore this research, investigator followed case studies, focus
group discussion, content analysis and in-depth interviews. The causative factors which are
identified on students’ institutional choice in Bihar include, location, university academic
programs, university repute, instructive amenities, cost, accessibility of monetary
assistance, occupational or placement opportunities, effectiveness of institutional
promotion, representatives and university campus visit. Few of the factors like institutional
marketing has been established as the most preferred factor for students to pursue admission
in universities. The study has high practical implications with due consideration to students
admission to LTZ university, during the Covid19 pandemic days, where the classes are
running through online mode and several students are not joining back to campus for face
to face sessions. The study have theoretical implications in advancement of the body of
knowledge.
.
Keywords: College choice decision, higher education institution, marketing, academic
program, course fees
Paramount Publishing House, 2019
Financial analysis refers to an assessment of the viability, stability and profitability of a bus... more Financial analysis refers to an assessment of the viability, stability and profitability of a business,
sub-business or project. It can also be defined as the process of identifying financial strengths
and weaknesses of the firm by properly establishing relationship between the items of the balance
sheet and the profit and loss account. It is the examination of a business from a variety of
perspectives in order to fully understand the greater financial situation and determine how best to
strengthen the business and it also looks at many aspects of a business from its profitability and
stability to its solvency and liquidity. It is a process of scanning the Financial Statements for
evaluating the relationship between the items as disclosed in them
Adhyayan, 2019
As it leads to greater respect, independence, and involvement for women both, inside and outside ... more As it leads to greater respect, independence, and involvement for women both, inside and outside their homes and in the
workplace, microfinance plays a significant role in empowering society and the country at large. More in-depth definitions
of microfinance may be found on this page. A microfinance institution provides financial services (loans, savings, and
insurance) to individuals and small businesses on a small scale to people and small businesses, particularly those with
low or moderate incomes, as defined by the World Bank. In developing countries, providing small business owners with
low-interest loans with a low monetary value is one of the most widely used strategies for assisting them in their efforts
to lift themselves out of poverty. Micro-loans are loans with a low economic value that are given to small business owners.
Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) provide loans and savings services to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are
made possible through a range of funding techniques. Microfinance institutions (MFIs) provide services to small and
medium-sized businesses (SMEs) leading to economic development and social development. As a result of having access
to these services, the idea holds that the poor’s financial position will become more stable, predictable, and secure over
time. Through education, healthcare, and self-determination, individuals will be able to better plan for their futures and
enhance their livelihoods in the process. Microfinance may also be utilized to assist individuals in achieving their financial
independence. The high capital cost in microfinance is highlighted as one of the reasons leading to high-interest rates in
the industry. Apart from traditional lending sources, microfinance providers may also get loans from commercial banks,
which lend to Microfinance Institutions at market rates.
Keywords: Economic Development, Microfinance, Social Development.
Adhyayan: A Journal of Management Sciences (2021); DOI: 10.21567/adhyayan.v11i2.
‘RESEARCH JOURNEY’ International Multidisciplinary E- Research Journal -RECENT TRENDS IN MANAGEMENT, COMPUTER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS, 2019
n today's competitive business world, there is an intense competition between different types of ... more n today's competitive business world, there is an intense competition between different types of food joints. The
businesses are all in a race of gaining more and more customer for their food joints. The new trend and tastes develop among
the consumers on frequent bases.
These days, trend for Fast-Food has boosted up and there is a mammoth increase in Fast-Food outlets. As a result,
other fine dining restaurants experience immense threat and competition in the restaurant industry and market.
This research paper includes the threats and opportunities that a fine dining restaurants suffer with the emergence of
fast food chains in Vadodara. Different parameters to judge and understand the consumer behaviours and determining
strategies which are used to attract customers by fine dining restaurants have been studied. It gave an idea about the
essential factors that are required now a day for an eating joint to attract customers in this competitive world.
Key Words : Restaurants, Fine-Dining, Fast-Food, SWOT
Review of Research, ISSN: 2249-894X Impact Factor : 5.7631(UIF) UGC Approved Journal No. 48514 Volume - 8 | Issue - 8 | May – 2019, 2019
This piece of research is from my Ph.D. thesis. The information based is on data collected at the... more This piece of research is from my Ph.D. thesis. The information based is on data collected at the time of research. This article encompasses the concepts and reasoning behind major ethical considerations that influence business decisions which can be used in pharmaceutical marketing. An attempt is made in this paper to understand the frameworks of ethics in business decisions. Ethics is the central part of the success of any business of repute. The longevity of any business is strongly influenced by values and culture, the business enterprise, and people practice. The various parameters of ethical behaviours and decisions are examined in this paper. The main guiding frameworks of every decision are consequence based thinking, duty-based thinking, and virtue-based thinking. Decisions are generally influenced by individual factors, organizational setting, and available opportunities. Pharmaceutical companies have a duty to uphold an ethical relationship within the marketplace. There is a duty of care to the health and safety of all. Issues are raised that as pharmaceutical companies have a large investment to protect and stakeholders to please, how we ensure that an ethical standard is upheld. The actions of the Pharmaceutical companies should be based on Value Based Management System and the actions of the managers should be guided by the Ethical Behaviour equations. The guiding frameworks of thinking according to Culture, Context, Content and Time may help managers and decision makers to decide ethically. Moreover when prior from examining the nature of problem whether it is ethical, when the decision-making process will be screened by the ethical norm's and principles of decision making the chances of being accepted by the stakeholders and the general public is more and the organization would succeed not only in the terms of sales and profit but a responsible corporate to society also.
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Papers by Dr. Pramod Kumar
on organizational performance among Small and Medium Scale industries entrepreneurs. Following a positivist research philosophy with a quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study design, the study addressed three direct and two indirect relationships in the model. The research followed the expectation Resource-Based View Theory to test the theoretical model. Following stratified random sampling, this research using 384 SME entrepreneurs
from the Selangor state of Malaysia. The study applied Smart PLS-SEM to analyze the data. The results show that SME firms’ innovation capability and employee capability positively correlate with business performance. The study also shows the partial mediation effect of technology change on innovation capability and business performance and employee capability and
business performance. Research extends practical and theoretical implications to the stakeholders of SMEs and businesses.
strategies related to every aspect of 4ps or marketing mix of Pharmaceutical Companies
running their business in India are tried to find out.
In this paper it is tried to snap the Indian Pharmaceutical industry and also their evolution
and near future prospects.
Drug & pharmaceutical industry plays a vital role in the health care of the any country. The
pharmaceutical industry in India is among the most highly organized sectors. This industry
plays an important role in promoting and sustaining development in the field of global
medicine.
Marketing broadly conceived includes, making decisions about what products or services
to put on the market, who are the potential customers for these goods, how to reach the
target markets and induce them to buy, how to price the product or service to make is
attractive to these customers, and how to deliver the goods physically to the ultimate
consumers. These matters are often expressed as the four Ps of marketing: Product,
Price, Promotion and Place. We here describe these 4 Ps comprehensively relating to
Indian Pharmaceutical Industry.
Key Words: Pharmaceutical Industry, Marketing Mix, Product, price, Promotion, Place
corporate organizations for rural consumers. Rural market is the integration 7O% of total
national populations, low literacy level & less per capita incomes in comparison to their urban
counterpart. At the same time it also true that some of selected product category they have
monopoly over the urban markets. The rural consumers have some characteristics which is
important to be understood before study of present paper. It is necessary to simplify such a
important issue having its importance for academic purposes & corporate organizations too.
Promotional tools are used for boost of sales & awareness purposes also. In some of the FMCG
category rural market is consumer of more quantity than its demographic proportions. In the
three important product market: - a. Agri. Input b. Consumables & c. Agri. Produce these
promotion tools are used. The promotional tools are taken as important edge over other means
to increase the sales of all these category products The study will highlight all issue of rural
market and the promotional tools used in these markets by the company's'
in this paper to find the trends of distribution strategies and supply chains prevailing in the pharmaceutical industry in
India. How the pharmaceutical products reach to end-users, and what are the channel system from marketer to customer.
Generally, two types of diseases, Chronic and Acute, ask the pharmaceutical players to adopt different types of models of
supply chain or distribution for the sales of the products. A doctor prescribes drug/s for a long time in chronic diseases,
and the patient is supposed to consume it without any brand change. While in the cases of acute disease/s doctor/s
changes brands on day to day basis in practice. Cold chain management in pharmaceuticals is important to ensure that the
right quality is maintained during storage and transportation and also to meet the regulatory commitments. Regulatory
guidelines and standards around the world focus on the right storage and transportation, and adhering to these standards
is important.
Keywords: Distribution, Supply Chain Management, Pharmaceutical Industry, Cold Chain, Doctor, Patient, Medical
Representative, etc.
Adhyayan: A Journal of Management Sciences (2020); DOI: 10.21567/adhyayan.v10i1.4
industrial manufacturing processes and increase value creation,
has promised several optimizing strategies for improved business
performance. The purpose of this research is to examine the
relationship between innovation capability and employee capability
on organizational performance among Small and Medium Scale
industries entrepreneurs. Following a positivist research philosophy
with a quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study design, the
study addressed three direct and two indirect relationships in
the model. The research followed the expectation Resource-Based
View Theory to test the theoretical model. Following stratified
random sampling, this research using 384 SME entrepreneurs
from the Selangor state of Malaysia. The study applied Smart
PLS-SEM to analyze the data. The results show that SME
firms’ innovation capability and employee capability positively
correlate with business performance. The study also shows the
partial mediation effect of technology change on innovation
capability and business performance and employee capability and
business performance. Research extends practical and theoretical
implications to the stakeholders of SMEs and businesses.
Keywords:
innovation capability, employee capability, business performance,
small and medium scale industries
The various parameters of ethical behaviours and decisions are examined in this paper. The main guiding frameworks of every decision are consequence based thinking, duty based thinking, and virtue based thinking. Decisions are generally influenced by individual factors, organisational setting, and available opportunities.
Pharmaceutical companies have a duty to uphold an ethical relationship within the
marketplace. There is a duty of care to the health and safety of all. Issues are raised that as pharmaceutical companies have a large investment to protect and stakeholders to please, how we ensure that an ethical standard is upheld.
The actions of the Pharmaceutical companies should be based on Value Based Management System and the actions of the managers should be guided by the Ethical Behaviour equations. The guiding frameworks of thinking according to Culture, Context, Content and Time may help managers and decision makers to decide ethically. Moreover when prior from examining the nature of problem whether it is ethical, when decision making process will be screened by the ethical norm’s and
principles of decision making the chances of being acceptable by the stakeholders and the general public is more and the organization would succeed not only in the terms of sales and profit but a responsible corporate to society also.
which is not limited to few, whereas it flows from everywhere. Most of the creativity dies its own death for scarcity of
funds. Crowdfunding is a novel way of funding such innovative and creative projects by enabling crowd to be part of
the innovation they like and democratizing the access of funds to the project creators. The small scale and novice
entrepreneurs with a creative business idea but no past business records can give wings to her dreams by opting
crowdfunding. The paper attempts to aware the fund- seeker as to how this phenomenon can raise funds through
crowdfunding platforms as an intermediary. The crowdfunding platforms’ perception towards crowdfunding is also
analyzed to check on its viability and preparedness of people to accept this disruptive mechanism of funding. The
article also studies various successful crowdfunding campaigns based on different criteria of projects on select
crowdfunding platforms. Crowdfunding is seen as complementing the efforts of entrepreneurial promotion and
inclusive growth particularly in developing and emerging economies.
institution choice of decision in LTZ University, Bihar. Extreme market competition in the
higher education sector in India has imposed many higher education institution to
become “entrepreneurial” and apply promotion plans in hiring scholars from local,
national and globally. Tom explore this research, investigator followed case studies, focus
group discussion, content analysis and in-depth interviews. The causative factors which are
identified on students’ institutional choice in Bihar include, location, university academic
programs, university repute, instructive amenities, cost, accessibility of monetary
assistance, occupational or placement opportunities, effectiveness of institutional
promotion, representatives and university campus visit. Few of the factors like institutional
marketing has been established as the most preferred factor for students to pursue admission
in universities. The study has high practical implications with due consideration to students
admission to LTZ university, during the Covid19 pandemic days, where the classes are
running through online mode and several students are not joining back to campus for face
to face sessions. The study have theoretical implications in advancement of the body of
knowledge.
.
Keywords: College choice decision, higher education institution, marketing, academic
program, course fees
sub-business or project. It can also be defined as the process of identifying financial strengths
and weaknesses of the firm by properly establishing relationship between the items of the balance
sheet and the profit and loss account. It is the examination of a business from a variety of
perspectives in order to fully understand the greater financial situation and determine how best to
strengthen the business and it also looks at many aspects of a business from its profitability and
stability to its solvency and liquidity. It is a process of scanning the Financial Statements for
evaluating the relationship between the items as disclosed in them
workplace, microfinance plays a significant role in empowering society and the country at large. More in-depth definitions
of microfinance may be found on this page. A microfinance institution provides financial services (loans, savings, and
insurance) to individuals and small businesses on a small scale to people and small businesses, particularly those with
low or moderate incomes, as defined by the World Bank. In developing countries, providing small business owners with
low-interest loans with a low monetary value is one of the most widely used strategies for assisting them in their efforts
to lift themselves out of poverty. Micro-loans are loans with a low economic value that are given to small business owners.
Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) provide loans and savings services to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are
made possible through a range of funding techniques. Microfinance institutions (MFIs) provide services to small and
medium-sized businesses (SMEs) leading to economic development and social development. As a result of having access
to these services, the idea holds that the poor’s financial position will become more stable, predictable, and secure over
time. Through education, healthcare, and self-determination, individuals will be able to better plan for their futures and
enhance their livelihoods in the process. Microfinance may also be utilized to assist individuals in achieving their financial
independence. The high capital cost in microfinance is highlighted as one of the reasons leading to high-interest rates in
the industry. Apart from traditional lending sources, microfinance providers may also get loans from commercial banks,
which lend to Microfinance Institutions at market rates.
Keywords: Economic Development, Microfinance, Social Development.
Adhyayan: A Journal of Management Sciences (2021); DOI: 10.21567/adhyayan.v11i2.
businesses are all in a race of gaining more and more customer for their food joints. The new trend and tastes develop among
the consumers on frequent bases.
These days, trend for Fast-Food has boosted up and there is a mammoth increase in Fast-Food outlets. As a result,
other fine dining restaurants experience immense threat and competition in the restaurant industry and market.
This research paper includes the threats and opportunities that a fine dining restaurants suffer with the emergence of
fast food chains in Vadodara. Different parameters to judge and understand the consumer behaviours and determining
strategies which are used to attract customers by fine dining restaurants have been studied. It gave an idea about the
essential factors that are required now a day for an eating joint to attract customers in this competitive world.
Key Words : Restaurants, Fine-Dining, Fast-Food, SWOT
on organizational performance among Small and Medium Scale industries entrepreneurs. Following a positivist research philosophy with a quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study design, the study addressed three direct and two indirect relationships in the model. The research followed the expectation Resource-Based View Theory to test the theoretical model. Following stratified random sampling, this research using 384 SME entrepreneurs
from the Selangor state of Malaysia. The study applied Smart PLS-SEM to analyze the data. The results show that SME firms’ innovation capability and employee capability positively correlate with business performance. The study also shows the partial mediation effect of technology change on innovation capability and business performance and employee capability and
business performance. Research extends practical and theoretical implications to the stakeholders of SMEs and businesses.
strategies related to every aspect of 4ps or marketing mix of Pharmaceutical Companies
running their business in India are tried to find out.
In this paper it is tried to snap the Indian Pharmaceutical industry and also their evolution
and near future prospects.
Drug & pharmaceutical industry plays a vital role in the health care of the any country. The
pharmaceutical industry in India is among the most highly organized sectors. This industry
plays an important role in promoting and sustaining development in the field of global
medicine.
Marketing broadly conceived includes, making decisions about what products or services
to put on the market, who are the potential customers for these goods, how to reach the
target markets and induce them to buy, how to price the product or service to make is
attractive to these customers, and how to deliver the goods physically to the ultimate
consumers. These matters are often expressed as the four Ps of marketing: Product,
Price, Promotion and Place. We here describe these 4 Ps comprehensively relating to
Indian Pharmaceutical Industry.
Key Words: Pharmaceutical Industry, Marketing Mix, Product, price, Promotion, Place
corporate organizations for rural consumers. Rural market is the integration 7O% of total
national populations, low literacy level & less per capita incomes in comparison to their urban
counterpart. At the same time it also true that some of selected product category they have
monopoly over the urban markets. The rural consumers have some characteristics which is
important to be understood before study of present paper. It is necessary to simplify such a
important issue having its importance for academic purposes & corporate organizations too.
Promotional tools are used for boost of sales & awareness purposes also. In some of the FMCG
category rural market is consumer of more quantity than its demographic proportions. In the
three important product market: - a. Agri. Input b. Consumables & c. Agri. Produce these
promotion tools are used. The promotional tools are taken as important edge over other means
to increase the sales of all these category products The study will highlight all issue of rural
market and the promotional tools used in these markets by the company's'
in this paper to find the trends of distribution strategies and supply chains prevailing in the pharmaceutical industry in
India. How the pharmaceutical products reach to end-users, and what are the channel system from marketer to customer.
Generally, two types of diseases, Chronic and Acute, ask the pharmaceutical players to adopt different types of models of
supply chain or distribution for the sales of the products. A doctor prescribes drug/s for a long time in chronic diseases,
and the patient is supposed to consume it without any brand change. While in the cases of acute disease/s doctor/s
changes brands on day to day basis in practice. Cold chain management in pharmaceuticals is important to ensure that the
right quality is maintained during storage and transportation and also to meet the regulatory commitments. Regulatory
guidelines and standards around the world focus on the right storage and transportation, and adhering to these standards
is important.
Keywords: Distribution, Supply Chain Management, Pharmaceutical Industry, Cold Chain, Doctor, Patient, Medical
Representative, etc.
Adhyayan: A Journal of Management Sciences (2020); DOI: 10.21567/adhyayan.v10i1.4
industrial manufacturing processes and increase value creation,
has promised several optimizing strategies for improved business
performance. The purpose of this research is to examine the
relationship between innovation capability and employee capability
on organizational performance among Small and Medium Scale
industries entrepreneurs. Following a positivist research philosophy
with a quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study design, the
study addressed three direct and two indirect relationships in
the model. The research followed the expectation Resource-Based
View Theory to test the theoretical model. Following stratified
random sampling, this research using 384 SME entrepreneurs
from the Selangor state of Malaysia. The study applied Smart
PLS-SEM to analyze the data. The results show that SME
firms’ innovation capability and employee capability positively
correlate with business performance. The study also shows the
partial mediation effect of technology change on innovation
capability and business performance and employee capability and
business performance. Research extends practical and theoretical
implications to the stakeholders of SMEs and businesses.
Keywords:
innovation capability, employee capability, business performance,
small and medium scale industries
The various parameters of ethical behaviours and decisions are examined in this paper. The main guiding frameworks of every decision are consequence based thinking, duty based thinking, and virtue based thinking. Decisions are generally influenced by individual factors, organisational setting, and available opportunities.
Pharmaceutical companies have a duty to uphold an ethical relationship within the
marketplace. There is a duty of care to the health and safety of all. Issues are raised that as pharmaceutical companies have a large investment to protect and stakeholders to please, how we ensure that an ethical standard is upheld.
The actions of the Pharmaceutical companies should be based on Value Based Management System and the actions of the managers should be guided by the Ethical Behaviour equations. The guiding frameworks of thinking according to Culture, Context, Content and Time may help managers and decision makers to decide ethically. Moreover when prior from examining the nature of problem whether it is ethical, when decision making process will be screened by the ethical norm’s and
principles of decision making the chances of being acceptable by the stakeholders and the general public is more and the organization would succeed not only in the terms of sales and profit but a responsible corporate to society also.
which is not limited to few, whereas it flows from everywhere. Most of the creativity dies its own death for scarcity of
funds. Crowdfunding is a novel way of funding such innovative and creative projects by enabling crowd to be part of
the innovation they like and democratizing the access of funds to the project creators. The small scale and novice
entrepreneurs with a creative business idea but no past business records can give wings to her dreams by opting
crowdfunding. The paper attempts to aware the fund- seeker as to how this phenomenon can raise funds through
crowdfunding platforms as an intermediary. The crowdfunding platforms’ perception towards crowdfunding is also
analyzed to check on its viability and preparedness of people to accept this disruptive mechanism of funding. The
article also studies various successful crowdfunding campaigns based on different criteria of projects on select
crowdfunding platforms. Crowdfunding is seen as complementing the efforts of entrepreneurial promotion and
inclusive growth particularly in developing and emerging economies.
institution choice of decision in LTZ University, Bihar. Extreme market competition in the
higher education sector in India has imposed many higher education institution to
become “entrepreneurial” and apply promotion plans in hiring scholars from local,
national and globally. Tom explore this research, investigator followed case studies, focus
group discussion, content analysis and in-depth interviews. The causative factors which are
identified on students’ institutional choice in Bihar include, location, university academic
programs, university repute, instructive amenities, cost, accessibility of monetary
assistance, occupational or placement opportunities, effectiveness of institutional
promotion, representatives and university campus visit. Few of the factors like institutional
marketing has been established as the most preferred factor for students to pursue admission
in universities. The study has high practical implications with due consideration to students
admission to LTZ university, during the Covid19 pandemic days, where the classes are
running through online mode and several students are not joining back to campus for face
to face sessions. The study have theoretical implications in advancement of the body of
knowledge.
.
Keywords: College choice decision, higher education institution, marketing, academic
program, course fees
sub-business or project. It can also be defined as the process of identifying financial strengths
and weaknesses of the firm by properly establishing relationship between the items of the balance
sheet and the profit and loss account. It is the examination of a business from a variety of
perspectives in order to fully understand the greater financial situation and determine how best to
strengthen the business and it also looks at many aspects of a business from its profitability and
stability to its solvency and liquidity. It is a process of scanning the Financial Statements for
evaluating the relationship between the items as disclosed in them
workplace, microfinance plays a significant role in empowering society and the country at large. More in-depth definitions
of microfinance may be found on this page. A microfinance institution provides financial services (loans, savings, and
insurance) to individuals and small businesses on a small scale to people and small businesses, particularly those with
low or moderate incomes, as defined by the World Bank. In developing countries, providing small business owners with
low-interest loans with a low monetary value is one of the most widely used strategies for assisting them in their efforts
to lift themselves out of poverty. Micro-loans are loans with a low economic value that are given to small business owners.
Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) provide loans and savings services to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are
made possible through a range of funding techniques. Microfinance institutions (MFIs) provide services to small and
medium-sized businesses (SMEs) leading to economic development and social development. As a result of having access
to these services, the idea holds that the poor’s financial position will become more stable, predictable, and secure over
time. Through education, healthcare, and self-determination, individuals will be able to better plan for their futures and
enhance their livelihoods in the process. Microfinance may also be utilized to assist individuals in achieving their financial
independence. The high capital cost in microfinance is highlighted as one of the reasons leading to high-interest rates in
the industry. Apart from traditional lending sources, microfinance providers may also get loans from commercial banks,
which lend to Microfinance Institutions at market rates.
Keywords: Economic Development, Microfinance, Social Development.
Adhyayan: A Journal of Management Sciences (2021); DOI: 10.21567/adhyayan.v11i2.
businesses are all in a race of gaining more and more customer for their food joints. The new trend and tastes develop among
the consumers on frequent bases.
These days, trend for Fast-Food has boosted up and there is a mammoth increase in Fast-Food outlets. As a result,
other fine dining restaurants experience immense threat and competition in the restaurant industry and market.
This research paper includes the threats and opportunities that a fine dining restaurants suffer with the emergence of
fast food chains in Vadodara. Different parameters to judge and understand the consumer behaviours and determining
strategies which are used to attract customers by fine dining restaurants have been studied. It gave an idea about the
essential factors that are required now a day for an eating joint to attract customers in this competitive world.
Key Words : Restaurants, Fine-Dining, Fast-Food, SWOT