Boko Haram

Boko Haram
جماعة أهل السنة للدعوة والجهاد Group of the People of Sunnah for Preaching and Jihad
Founder	Mohammed Yusuf †
Leaders	Abubakar Shekau † Abu Musab al-Barnawi
Dates of operation	2002–present
Headquarters	Sambisa Forest, Borno, Nigeria (March 2015 – May 2021) Gwoza, Borno, Nigeria (July 2009 – March 2015) Marte, Borno, Nigeria (April–September 2015)
Active regions	Northeast Nigeria, Northern Cameroon, Niger, Chad, Mali
Ideology	Salafist Jihadism Wahhabism
Size	At least 15,000 (Amnesty International claimed, January 2015) 20,000 (Chad claimed, March 2015) 4,000–6,000 (United States claimed, February 2015)
Allies	Pang-bô͘:Country data Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (2014–2016)
Opponents	Multinational Joint Task Force Nigeria Cameroon Niger Chad Benin (announced) Hoat-kok Bí-kok Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok
Battles and wars	Boko Haram insurgency 2015 West African offensive
Designated as a terrorist group by	See section

The maximum extent of Boko Haram in January 2015 shown in dark grey

Boko Haram, mā chū-chheng sī I-su-lân Kok Sai Hui-chiu Séng (A-lá-pek-gí: الولاية الإسلامية غرب أفريقيا‎‎ al-Wilāyat al-Islāmiyya Gharb Afrīqiyyah), sī chi̍t cho͘ I-su-lân ke̍k-toan-chú-gī thoân-thé. In chú-iàu tī Nigeria kap Chad, Niger, Cameroon téng kok oa̍h-tāng.

Iân-sin oa̍t-tho̍k

• Abimbola Adesoji: The Boko Haram Uprising and Islamic Revivalism in Nigeria. In: Africa Spectrum 45/2, 2010, pp. 95–108.
• Roman Loimeier: Boko Haram: The Development of a Militant Religious Movement in Nigeria. In: Africa Spectrum 2–3, 2012, pp. 137–155.
• Freedom C. Onuoha: The Islamist Challenge. Nigeria’s Boko Haram Crisis explained. In: African Security Review 19/2, 2010, pp. 54–67.
• Marc-Antoine Pérouse de Montclos (ed.): Boko Haram: Islamism, politics, security an the state in Nigeria (West African Politics and Society Series. No. 2). African Studies Centre, Leiden 2014, ISBN 978-90-5448-135-5.
• J. Peter Pham: Boko Haram: The strategic evolution of the Islamic State's West African Province. In: The Journal of the Middle East and Africa 7(1), 2016, pp. 1–18, doi: 10.1080/21520844.2016.1152571.
• Mike Smith: Boko Haram: Inside Nigeria's Unholy War. I.B. Tauris, London & New York 2015, ISBN 978-1-78453-074-7.
• Alexander Thurston, Boko Haram: The History of an African Jihadist Movement. Princeton University Press, Princeton & Oxford 2017.
• Muhammad Sani Umar: The Popular Discourses of Salafi Radicalism and Counter-Radicalism in Nigeria: A Case Study of Boko Haram. Journal of Religion in Africa 42(2), 2012, pp. 118–144.
• Hillary Matfess. 2017. Women and the War on Boko Haram. University of Chicago Press.
• Ekhomu, Ona (2020). Boko Haram: security considerations and the rise of an insurgency. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-138-56136-6. \
• Shah, Radhika. "Al-Qaeda versus Boko Haram: Ideologies, Goals, and Outcomes". International Journal of Security Studies. University of North Georgia. 1 (1). goân-loē-iông tī 2020-03-19 hőng khó͘-pih. 2021-05-26 khòaⁿ--ê.  – Article 5
• Jacob, J. U. and Akpan, I. (2015). Silencing Boko Haram: Mobile Phone Blackout and Counterinsurgency in Nigeria’s Northeast region, Stability: International Journal of Security & Development, 4(1):8, 1–17. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/sta.ey

Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat

• Diffa/Niger : Attacks by Boko Haram (as of 4 October 2015)
• "Boko Haram: Its Beginnings, Principles and Activities in Nigeria" (PDF). Kano, Nigeria: Islamic Studies Department, University of Bayero. 
• Counter Extremism Project profile
• "Silencing Boko Haram: Mobile Phone Blackouts and Counterinsurgency in Nigeria's Northeast Region" by Jacob Udo-Udo Jacob & Idorenyin Akpan (March 2015) Archived 2015-04-02 at the Wayback Machine.
• National Geographic, March 2015 How Northern Nigeria's Violent History Explains Boko Haram
• Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2016 United States Department of State
• ‘The disease is unbelief’: Boko Haram’s religious and political worldview By Alex Thurston The Brookings Project on U.S. Relations with the Islamic World, January 2016