Grade 9 Science Q2 L2 (1)

Lesson 2:
Chemical
Bonding
CHEMICAL
BONDING
ANALYSING PROPERTIES
OF IONIC AND COVALENT
COMPOUND
LEARNING
COMPETENCY:
• Recognize different types of
compounds (ionic or covalent)
based on their properties such
as melting point, hardness,
polarity, and electrical and
thermal conductivity. (S9MT-IIb-
14)
Compounds
 are made up of elements that
are chemically bonded by
electrostatic forces.
Compounds can be classified as

ionic or covalent.
• CHEMICAL
BOND
 Is an attractive force that binds
atoms together.
Lewis
It is a Electron Dot
Formula
representati
on of the
valence
electrons of
an atom that
uses dots Gilbert N.
around the Lewis
symbol of
Octet Rule
The octet rule
refers to the
tendency of
atoms to
prefer to
have eight
electrons in
the valence
shell as a
Valence
Valence
Electron
electrons
are the
electrons in
the
outermost
shell, or
energy
level, of an
Steps of Getting the
Valence Electron
Step 1
You must know first the

Atomic Number of each
element.
Valence Electron
Step 2
Apply the Electronic

Configuration mainly the
Aufbau’s Principle
Valence Electron
Step 3
Get the Outermost Shell of

the Atom or Element.
Electronic
Configuration
Find the Valence
Electron of the
following:
1. Na 6. P
2. Cl 7. S
3. Ne 8. C
4. Mg 9. N
5. Si 10. O
Chemical
Bonding
• TWO TYPES OF
CHEMICAL BOND
• the electrostatic force
that holds oppositely
IONIC charged particles
together in an ionic bond
BOND called electrovalent bond.
• Forms when metals and
• nonmetals
The bond that is
COVALEN formed through
T BOND sharing of electrons
between an atoms.
Ionic
Bonding
Ionic bonds are formed between
two or more atoms by the
transfer of one or more electrons
between atoms. Happens
between Metals and Non-
metals.
Ionic Bonding
• Always formed between metal
cations and non-metals anions
• The oppositely charged ions stick like
magnets
+ -
[METALS ] [NON-METALS ]
Lost e-
Gained e-
20
Two Types of Ionic
Bonding
Steps of Getting/Solving
Ionic Bonding
Step 1
Identify the Valence Electron
in each Element/s under the
Compound by using the
Electronic Configuration
(Aufbau’s Principle)
Ionic Bonding
Step 2
After we’re done getting its
Valence Electron, we will
proceed to the Lewis Electron
Dot Formula by showing the
Transfer of Electrons.
Ionic Bonding
Step 3
After showing the transfer
of electrons, we will going
to determine the Cation
and Anion.
Try to Solve this
Following Ionic
1. Na and Cl: (sodium
Bonding
chloride)
2. Na and Br: (sodium
bromide)
3. Na and F: (sodium
fluoride)
4. Na and I: (sodium iodide)
5. K and F: (potassium
Covalent
Bonding
The bond that is formed through
sharing of electrons between an
atoms. It happens mostly in Non-
metals to Non-metals.
• TWO TYPES OF
COVALENT BOND
POLAR •The covalent bond between 2 atoms
with different electronegativities in
COVALE which the shared electrons are more
strongly attracted to the more
NT electronegative atoms.
NON •The covalent bond between two

atoms with the same
POLAR electronegativities that equally
BOND- share the electrons between them.
Polar Covalent
The covalent bond
between 2 atoms
with different
electronegativities
in which the
shared electrons
are more strongly
attracted to the
more
electronegative
atoms. Unequal
Non-polar
Covalent
The covalent
bond between
two atoms with
the same
electronegativi
ties that
equally share
the electrons
Covalent Bonding
Step 1
Identify the Valence Electron
in each Element/s under the
Compound by using the
Electronic Configuration
(Aufbau’s Principle)
Covalent Bonding
Step 2
After we’re done getting its
Valence Electron, we will
proceed to the Lewis Electron
Dot Formula by showing the
Transfer of Electrons.
Covalent Bonding
Step 3
After showing the sharing
of electrons, we will going
to determine the Polar-
covalent bond and Non-
polar Covalent bond.
ELECTRONEGATIVITY
 The measure of the capacity of
atoms to attract electrons.
Determine the electronegativity difference
(EN) of a compound by subtracting the
electronegativity value of the elements
involved in a compound.
1.If the difference in EN values between
the metallic element and non-metallic
elements is greater than 1.9 the
compound is considered as ionic in
character.
2.Polar covalent bond results when
the EN difference of two non-metallic
elements is equal to 0.5 and lower
than 1.9.
3.Nonpolar covalent bond results
when the EN difference of non-metallic
PROPERTIES IONIC
COMPOUND
MELTING POINT
& BOILING POINT
DISSOLVING
ELECTRICAL
CONDUCTIVIT
Y
STRUCTURE OF
NaCl

MELTING AND BOILING
POINT
Melting point
and boiling
point
in ionic
compound
Example:
are very NaCl
Melting
high point:
8010c Boiling
point: 14130c
DISSOLVING
Ionic
compound
can be
dissolved in
water but
cannot
dissolve in
organic
solvent like
ester and
benzene
ELECTRICAL
CONDUCTIVITY
- In ionic
compound (aques
and melt) can
conduct electric.
- It is because in
solid don’t have
free move ion
PROPERTIES
COVALENT
COMPOUND
• MELTING POINT & STRUCTURE OF
AMMONIA
• BOILING POINT
•DISSOLVING ELECTRICAL
CONDUCTIVITY
MELTING POINT & BOILING
POINT
Melting point
and boiling
point
in covalent
compound are
very low
Example: H2O
Melting point:
00C Boiling
point: 1000C
DISSOLVING
Covalent
compound
cannot
dissolved in
water but
dissolve in
organic
solvent like
propane and
methanol
ELECTRICAL
CONDUCTIVITY
- Covalent
compound
cannot conduct
electric.
- It is because ion
or electron
cannot move
free.
Differences In The
Electrical Conductivity
Of Ionic And Covalent
Compound
Electrical
Conductivity
Ionic compound Covalent
 Ions in solid were compound
rearrange position  Covalent
constant and compound don’t
cannot move free have electrical
(don’t have conductivity in
electrical solid and liquid.
conductivity)
 It because the
 But in melt the compound build
ions move free from covalent
and have molecule and
electrical don’t have ions or
conductivity electron move
free.
Ionic compound Covalent compound

Grade 9 Science Q2 L2 (1)

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Lesson 2:

Compounds can be classified as

You must know first the

Apply the Electronic

Get the Outermost Shell of

NON •The covalent bond between two

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