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assignment
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Messadek aya
Alloune ranya
Lahouassa ayoub
M1 structure
Self-Consolidating
Concrete
SELF-CONSOLIDATING CONCRETE (SCC) IS A HIGHLY FLUID
MIXTURE DESIGNED TO FLOW AND CONSOLIDATE UNDER ITS OWN
WEIGHT.
Definitio
n
 Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) :

Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a very fluid, homogeneous, and
stable. concrete, placed without vibration (compaction occurs
solely due to gravity) SCC differs from ordinary concrete (OC)
primarily in its fresh state properties and its ability to mold,
envelop, and compact under the sole effect of gravity. The
components of SCC can be quite different from those of ordinary
concrete (OC). They may vary significantly in their proportions
and/or nature. Depending on their intended use, the materials
used in the production of SCC include: cements, aggregates,
mixing water, mineral additives, and chemical admixtures (Fig. 1).
The difference between OC and SCC
(fig,1)
Workability of 'SCC' (Self-Compacting
Concrete)
 The 'SCC' must be able to flow easily under the simple

effect of gravity, without being hindered by obstacles
encountered in the formwork (reinforcements, wall effects, openings, etc.). This
flow should occur without significant segregation,
characteristi
even during the finishing phase, where gravity could Fluidity and
mobility in an
cause separation of the concrete's different phases unconstrained
environment
(in particular, the separation between
Flow in a confined
c
the larger aggregates and the mortar) environment
 The workability of 'SCC' is broken down into three main
characteristics : Stability
Selection of Components
Mineral Additives :
Cements :
Aggregates : - Need for a high paste volume to
- Cement suited to the desired ensure mobility in both confined and
- Importance of the grain shape in
strength range and environmental unconstrained environments;
relation to mobility in confined or
class; - Need for a high quantity of fines, with
unconstrained environments;
- No specific requirements related grain diameter Ø < 125 μm, to ensure
- Limited maximum aggregate size mobility and stability of the concrete.
to self-compacting characteristics,
(between 10 and 20 mm) to ensure In general, the use of mineral additives
except for good compatibility with
mobility in confined environments. (limestone fillers, fly ash, slag, etc.) is
superplasticizers.
necessary.
Superplasticizers : Cohesion Agent :

- Expected effect: formulations that are less
- Essential for achieving mobility; sensitive to water fluctuations, addressing
- Choosing the right bleeding and segregation issues;
cement/superplasticizer pair (good - Nature:
compatibility). - Cellulosic derivatives / HEC, HPMC...
Example: Optima 200 superplasticizer, - Natural polymers: Gums (welan, xanthan)
a high-performance water reducer and biopolymers;
based on modified polycarboxylate. - Colloidal suspensions.
Advantages and Disadvantages :
Advantage
Disadvanta
s:
ges
Among the advantages of self-
compacting concrete:
- No vibration required for placement; Being a very fluid concrete, the
- Ease and speed of implementation; drying time of self-compacting
concrete is slightly longer. It
- Improved working conditions due to may show a higher risk of
the absence of noise pollution; segregation if the mix is not
- Excellent filling of formwork; properly prepared. Additionally,
- High-quality concrete with a flat, its cost is somewhat higher.
regular surface; However, these issues do not
pose significant disadvantages
- Ability to pour concrete into complex to the use of self-compacting
shapes; concrete.
- Reduction/elimination of finishing
work;
- Ease of concreting elements with
dense or extensive reinforcement.
Methods for Formulating 'SCC'
 there are 4 methods:

Japanese Method
Swedish Method
French Method
Method Based on the Optimization of the Paste Volume
Preparation and Characterization of
‘SCC' in Fresh State
 Preparation of 'SCC' : A formulation of self-compacting concrete (SCC) will be prepared by

students from the Civil Engineering Department. This composition is prepared using
materials available in the laboratory. The formulation proposed by the students will undergo
a preliminary study based on archived data available in the laboratory.
 Objectives : The goal is to prepare and characterize self-compacting concretes in their fresh
state based on the guidelines from European Standard EN 206-9 [2], AFGC [3], and EFNARC
[4]. The formulation is carried out experimentally, considering initial value ranges for each
constituent. Most current 'BAP' formulas are designed experimentally. Therefore, the
formulation will be based on multiple tested formulations in the Civil Engineering
Department's laboratory over recent years. The specification for 'BAP' focuses only on
properties in the fresh state.
 The volume of aggregates is limited by using a G/S ratio (mass of aggregates to mass of
sand) close to 1. The volume of paste varies between 330 and 400 L/m³. The mass of cement
is greater than or equal to the minimum required by the BPE standard (XP P P18-305) [16],
generally between 300 and 350 kg/m³. Additionally, the mass of additives ranges from 120 to
200 kg/m³. The dosage of superplasticizer is close to its saturation dosage. The formulation is
developed experimentally within these ranges and will be verified and adjusted afterward.
 Required Equipment : The main equipment necessary for the preparation and
characterization of 'SCC' in the fresh state includes:
- A scale with precision of 0.1 g and/or 1 g;
- A concrete mixer with a 40-liter capacity and an inclined axis;
- A stopwatch;
- Handling and cleaning equipment.
 Mixing Procedure :
The following steps must be followed for the preparation of 'SCC':
1 Introduce the gravel into the mixer;
2 . Add the powders (cement + mineral additives) into the mixer;
3 Add the sand into the mixer;
4. Mix dry for 1 minute;
5. Add 1/3 of the total water and mix for 30 seconds;
6. Add the superplasticizer with the remaining 2/3 of water and mix for 3 minutes. (The
 Materials Used : The primary materials used include mixing water, cement, and
aggregates. Mineral additives and chemical admixtures are also required. The materials
available for use in the laboratory of the Civil Engineering Department are mainly:
- Cement of class I or II, with or without mineral additives (preferably using cement without
mineral additives if variations in parameters such as the effect of mineral additives are being
tested);
- Limestone fines (obtained by grinding crushed 0/3 sand);
- Quartz sand (sea sand);
- Crushed sand (0/3);
- Gravel 3/8;
- Gravel 8/15;
- Water;
- Viscosity agent for 'BAP' mixtures (perfect compatibility) or a superplasticizer such as
Medaflow 30, which has been tested and adapts well to 'BAP'.
Methods abrams cone
 Required Equipment :
The equipment must comply with the NF EN 12350-2 standard. The following are required:
- An Abrams cone :according to NF EN 12350-2 and a **cylindrical counterweight (collar)** with a weight
not exceeding 9 kilograms. This counterweight prevents the cone from lifting during filling when the test is
carried out by only one person .
- A plate : equipped with a smooth, flat metallic sheet on the upper part, forming a square with a side of at
least 90 cm, marked with two concentric circles: the first with a diameter of 210 mm ± 1 mm, and the
second with a diameter of 500 mm ± 1 mm . The concrete will be placed on this plate . The center of the
plate is marked with a cross;
- A spirit level : to check the horizontal alignment of the plate before and after starting the test .
- A container : for holding the concrete to be tested (maximum volume: 10~15 liters) .
- A stopwatch : with a precision of 0.1 seconds .
- A meter or ruler : with a minimum length of 1000 mm and maximum subdivisions of 5 mm (Fig. 3-d);
- A thermometer :for measuring the temperature of the concrete .
Steps for Conducting the Slump Flow Test (From Filling
the Cone to Spreading the Self-Consolidating Concrete
on the Plate)
Purpose of the L-Box Test:
 - Flowability: It tests the ability of self-consolidating concrete to flow easily

through confined spaces, ensuring that the concrete can pass between
reinforcement bars without any separation of components (segregation).
 - Filling Rate: It helps to measure how effectively the concrete fills the space and
penetrates around the reinforcement.
 - Flow Time: The time taken for the concrete to flow from one section of the box
to another is also recorded, providing insight into the concrete's flow
characteristics.
Test Setup
 - Two-Bar Test: This version uses two vertical bars placed in the box, simulating
a scenario with a lower amount of reinforcement.
 - Three-Bar Test: This variation uses three bars to simulate a higher

reinforcement density, offering a more challenging scenario for the concrete’s
flowability.
 The L-Box test is crucial for determining the concrete's ability to flow in real
construction conditions, especially in applications where the concrete needs to
navigate dense reinforcement without segregation or blockage.

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English

 Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) :

 The 'SCC' must be able to flow easily under the simple

Superplasticizers : Cohesion Agent :

 there are 4 methods:

 Preparation of 'SCC' : A formulation of self-compacting concrete (SCC) will be prepared by

 - Flowability: It tests the ability of self-consolidating concrete to flow easily

 - Three-Bar Test: This variation uses three bars to simulate a higher

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