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    chemical change

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    deadsman425

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    chemical change

    Uploaded by

    deadsman425
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    2 views28 pages

    chemical change

    Uploaded by

    deadsman425

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 28

    Chemical bond

    Achemical bond is the force that holds the atoms of a


    molecule together, as in a compound.
    Condition necessary for chemical
    change
     1)Mixing:- direct mixing in solid state
    example= iodine and phosphorous react explosively

     2)Solution:- mixing in aqueous state


     Example :-
     3)Heat :- some compound decomposes on heat

     4)Light:-
    reaction take place in presence of light called
    photochemical reaction
     5)Electricity:-some compound break in presence of
    electricity

     6)Pressure:-some compounds form only in high pressure


     7)catalyst:-these are substance which increase or decrease the
    rate of reaction
     These are of 2 types

     Positive catalyst:- catalyst which increase rate of reaction

     Negative catalyst:- catalyst which decrease rate of reaction


    Characteristic of chemical reaction

     1)evolution of gas :- gas is formed as product in chemical reaction.

     2) change in colour:-reactant colour is different from product.


     Formation of precipitate:-insoluble solid substance formed in
    reaction is called precipitate

     Change of state :- reactant state different from product

     Effervescence : The formation of gas bubbles in a liquid during a


    reaction is called effervescence.
    TYPES OF CHEMICAL CHANGE OR CHEMICAL
    REACTION
     1. Direct combination (or synthesis)
     2. Decomposition
     3. Displacement
     4. Double decomposition
    Direct combination

    2 or more reactant form single product

     Synthesis:-2 element combine to form compound


    Decompostion reaction

     A single compound breaks down into two or more simpler


    substances.

     It can take place in heat , light or electricity


     Thermal decomposition :- decomposition reaction take place
    in presence of heat
    Thermal dissolution

     when reversible and decomposition reaction take


    place only by heat
    Decomposition by electricity
    Decomposition by light
    Displacement reaction

     One element replaces another in a compound.


     More reactive metal replace less reactive metal from
    its compound
    Double decomposition reaction

     Two compounds in a solution react to form two new


    compounds by exchange of radicals.
     also called double displacement reaction.
    Double decomposition reaction are
    of 2 types
     1)Precipitation reaction:- two compounds in their
    aqueous state react to form a precipitate as one of
    the products
     2)neutralization reaction :- acid and base react to
    forms salt and water
    Hydrolysis :

     Itis the process in which a salt and water react to


    form an acidic or a basic solution.
    Chemical energy

     Fixed energy stored in body


    Exothermic reaction
     Reaction in which energy(heat) is released
     It cause rise in temperature
     Ex formation of water

     Formation of ammonia
    Endothermic reaction
     Reaction in which energy(heat) is absorbed
     It cause fall in temperature
     Example
     i)

     ii)
    Reversible reaction

     chemical reactions that can proceed in both


    directions under suitable conditions.
    PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTION

     reaction that occurs with absorption of light energy.


     Example :- photosynthesis
    ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION

     reaction that occurs with absorption of electrical


    energy.

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