Factors of Rate of Reaction

1.
Combustion Reaction
A combustion reaction is a reaction with a combustible material with an oxidizer to give an
oxidized product. An oxidizer is a chemical a fuel requires to burn, generally oxygen. Consider the
example of combustion of magnesium metal.
2Mg+O2→2MgO+Heat
Here, 2 magnesium atoms react with a molecule of oxygen producing 2 molecules of the
compound magnesium oxide releasing some heat in the process.
2. Decomposition Reaction
A Decomposition reaction is a reaction in which a single component breaks down into multiple
products. Certain changes in energy in the environment have to be made like heat, light or
electricity breaking bonds of the compound. Consider the example of the decomposition of
calcium carbonate giving out CaO (Quick Lime) which is a major component of cement.
CaCO3(s)→HeatCaO(s)+CO2(g)
Here, the compound Calcium carbonate when heated breaks down into Calcium Oxide and
Carbon Dioxide.
3. Neutralization Reaction
A Neutralization reaction is basically the reaction between an acid and a base giving salt and
water as the products. The water molecule formed is by the combination of OH– ions and H+ ions.
The overall pH of the products when a strong acid and a strong base undergo a neutralization
reaction will be 7. Consider the example of the neutralization reaction between Hydrochloric acid
and Sodium Hydroxide giving out sodium chloride(Common Salt) and water.
HCl+NaOH→NaCl+H2O
Here, an acid and a base, Hydrochloric acid and Sodium Hydroxide react in a neutralization
reaction to produce Sodium Chloride(Common Salt) and water as the products.
4. Redox Reaction
A REDuction-OXidation reaction is a reaction in which there is a transfer of electrons between
chemical species. Let us consider the example of an electrochemical cell-like redox reaction
between Zinc and Hydrogen.
Zn+2H+→Zn2++H2
Here, A Zinc atom reacts with 2 ions of positively charged hydrogen to which electrons get
transferred from the zinc atom and hydrogen becomes a stable molecule and Zinc ion is the
product.
5. Precipitation or Double-Displacement Reaction

It is a type of displacement reaction in which two compounds react and consequently, their
anions and cations switch places forming two new products. Consider the example of the
reaction between silver nitrate and sodium chloride. The products will be silver chloride and
sodium nitrate after the double-displacement reaction.
AgNO3+NaCl→AgCl+NaNO3
Here, Silver Nitrate and Sodium Chloride undergo a double displacement reaction. Wherein Silver
replaces Sodium in Sodium Chloride and Sodium joins with Nitrate becoming Sodium Nitrate
along with the Silver Chloride as the product.
6. Synthesis Reaction
A Synthesis reaction is one of the most basic types of reaction wherein multiple simple
compounds combine under certain physical conditions giving out a complex product. The
product will always be a compound. Let us consider the Synthesis reaction of sodium chloride
with reactants solid sodium and chloride gas.
2Na(s)+Cl2(g)→2NaCl(s)
Here, we have 2 Atoms of solid Sodium reacting with Chlorine gas giving out Sodium Chloride
viz. Common Salt as the product.
Important Points to Remember

• In a chemical change, a new compound is formed but in a physical change, the
substance changes its state of existence.
• Atoms or ions or molecules which react to form a new substance are called reactants;
the new atoms or molecules formed are products.
• A chemical reaction follows the law of conservation of mass. That is no atom is
destroyed or created but only a new product is formed from reactants.
Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs
What is meant by a chemical reaction?
A Chemical Reaction is a process that occurs when two or more molecules collide with the right
orientation and sufficient force to form a new product. In this process breaking and forming
bonds between atoms takes place. Compounds that interact to produce new compounds are
called reactants whereas the newly formed compounds are called products.
What is chemical reaction and equation?

A chemical reaction is in which the bonds are broken within reactant molecules, and new bonds
are formed within product molecules in order to form a new substance. A chemical equation is
nothing but a mathematical statement which symbolizes the product formation from reactants.
What are the chemical reaction types?

On the basis of the product formed, different types of reactions are Combustion reaction,
Decomposition reaction, Neutralization reaction, Redox Reaction, Precipitation or Double-
Displacement Reaction, Synthesis reaction.
What is a combustion chemical reaction?

A combustion reaction is a reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen gas, releasing
energy in the form of light and heat.
What is a chemical equation?

A chemical equation is a mathematical statement which symbolizes the product formation from
reactants while stating certain conditions for which how the reaction has been conducted.
Reactants are placed on the left side of the equation while products are placed on the right side
of the equation connected by one-headed or two-headed arrows.
Example: A + B → C + D
What is a decomposition reaction?

A Decomposition reaction is a reaction in which chemical species break up into simpler parts.
Example: Calcium carbonate decomposes into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide on heating.
CaCO3 (s) + Heat → CaO (s) + CO2 (g)
What is a neutralization reaction?

A neutralization reaction is a reaction between an acid and a base to form salt and water.
Example: Hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium chloride and water.
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
What is a redox reaction?

Redox is a chemical reaction in which simultaneous oxidation and reduction take place. In a
redox reaction electrons are transferred between two reactants.
Example: Zn + 2 H+ → Zn2+ + H2
What is precipitation or a double displacement reaction?

Precipitation or a double displacement reaction is a kind of displacement reaction in which two
reactants exchange ions to form two new compounds.
Example: AB + CD → AD + CB
What is a synthesis reaction?

Synthesis is a chemical reaction in which multiple simple compounds combine under specific
physical conditions to form a complex product.
Example: 2 Na + Cl2 → 2 NaCl.

Factors of Rate of Reaction

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1.

5. Precipitation or Double-Displacement Reaction

Important Points to Remember

What is chemical reaction and equation?

What are the chemical reaction types?

What is a combustion chemical reaction?

What is a chemical equation?

What is a decomposition reaction?

What is a neutralization reaction?

What is a redox reaction?

What is precipitation or a double displacement reaction?

What is a synthesis reaction?

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